HEALTH CARE AGENCIES/SERVICES

Submitted To,
Dr.Ms.Kirthi Jamdar
Professor
L.T.College of Nursing

Submitted By,
Ms. Vaghdevi Ankireddi
1st Year MSc Nursing
L T. College of Nursing

SUBJECT- Fundamentals of Nursing

TOPIC- Health Care Agencies/Services
UNIT-
GROUP-
DATE AND TIME –
VENUE- 1st year BSc Classroom
METHOD OF TEACHING- Lecture and Discussion
TEACHING AIDS – OHP TRANSPARENCY for definition, Charts for Aim and Objectives along with One Health care
agency, Flash Cards for Purposes, Flip Cards for Function, PowerPoint presentation for Organizational pattern and Types,
Pamphlet for One Health Care Agency.
KNOWLEDGE ASSUMED – The students have base knowledge regarding the topic of Health Care Agencies.
 AIM AND OBJECTIVES

AIM:
At the end of the lecture, the student will be able to understand Health Care Agencies/Services, develop a positive attitude
towards it and apply it in teaching and clinical areas.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES::
At the end of the class, the students would be able to:

 Define Health Care Agencies.

 Describe the Aim and Objectives of Health Care Agencies
 Discuss the purposes of Health Care Agencies
 Enumerate the Functions of Health Care Agencies.
 Review the Organizational pattern of Health Care Agencies
 Enlist the Various types of Health Care Agencies.
 Explain in detail each type of Health Care Agency.
 TEACHING
SR. CONTRIBUTORY
CONTENT LEARNING AV AIDS
NO. OBJECTIVES
ACTIVITY
1. Introduction Good Morning Every one. Today, I, Ms.Vaghdevi, am going to deal with The students are able
a very interesting topic which you all have to guess. I will be giving you to solve the
all a Crossword for three words, that you all will be solving in groups. So, Crossword and guess
Ready for the Crossword Game. the topic. Teacher
appreciates and
Starts with the
Topic.
2. The students will be Health care agency means an agency governing any type of health care, The teacher asks OHP transparency
able to define anatomical gift, autopsy or disposition of remains for and on behalf of a "So, What do you
Health Care patient and refers , in either hard copy or electronic format, to the power mean by a Health
Agencies. of attorney or other written instrument defining the agency or the agency, Care Agency?”
itself, as appropriate to the context. Students respond,
[OR] Teacher appreciates
Health care agency means an agency established to administer or provide and continues with
health care services and which is commonly known by a wide variety of the lecture.
titles including, but not limited to, hospitals, medical centers, ambulatory
health care facilities, physicians’ offices and clinics, extended care
facilities operated in connection with hospitals, nursing homes, extended
care facilities operated in connection with rehabilitation centers, home
care agencies and hospices.

3. The students would AIM: The teacher asks Chart

 be able to discuss To reduce the mortality and morbidity rates in every health care agency, “Can anyone tell me
the aims and all over the world. what could be the
objectives of Health aim of Health Care
Care Agencies. OBJECTIVES: Agencies?" Students
try to answer in their
 Provision for preventive and promotive care. own words. Teacher
 Rendering curative services. appreciates and
 Reduction in population growth rate. moves forward with
 Improvement in Nutritional status. the class.
 Improvement in sanitation facilities.
 Development of manpower resources.
 Provision for safe food and water supply.
 Increasing the literacy rate.
 Reducing the poverty levels.
4.
5. The students would There are several functions of these agencies including: The teacher asks Flip Cards
be able to review the “What all functions
functions of Health I. Health promotion are carried out by
Care Agencies. these agencies?”
a. Prenatal classes
students respond
b. Nutrition counselling
Teacher appreciates
c. Family Planning
and continues with
d. Stress
the class.
Management

II. Illness prevention

a. Screening programs (Eg. Hypertension, breast cancer)

b. Immunization

c. Occupational health and safety measures

d. Mental health counseling

 e. AIDS control program.

III. Primary care

a. School health units

b. Routine physical examination

c. Follow up for chronic illnesses (eg – Diabetes, Epilepsy)

IV. Diagnosis

a. Radiological procedure ( Eg. CT scans, X ray Studies)

b. Physical examination

c. Laboratory investigations

V. Treatment

a. Surgical intervention

b. Laser therapies

c. Pharmacological therapy

VI. Rehabilitation

a. Cardiovascular programs

b. Sports medicine

c. Mental illness program

6. The students will be 1) HOSPITAL AGENCIES The teacher asks PowerPoint
able to list down the “Could anyone presentation
various types of 1) Government Agencies Enlist some of the
Health Care Health Care
Agencies.  Primary Health Centers Agencies that you all
might be knowing
 Community Health Centers of.” Students
respond Teacher
 Rural Hospitals appreciates and
moves forward with
 Taluka hospitals the lecture.

 District Hospitals

 Specialist Hospitals

 Teaching Institutions

2) Private Agencies

 Outpatient Services

 Inpatient Services

2) HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEMES

1) E. S. I. (Employee State Insurance) Scheme

2) Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS)

3) Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana

4) AYUSHMAN BHARAT Scheme

3) DAY CARE CENTERS

4) REHABILITATION CENTERS

5) HOME FOR THE AGED

6) HOSPICES

7) NURSING HOMES, CLINICS AND DISPENSARIES

8) DEFENCE MEDICAL SERVICES

9) RAILWAY HEALTH SERVICES

10) VOLUNTARY HEALTH AGENCIES

1) National Agencies

 Indian Red Cross Society

 Hind Kusht Nivaran Sangh

 Indian Council of Child Welfare

 Tuberculosis Association of India

 Central Social Welfare Board

 Kasturba Memorial Fund

 All India Blind Relief Society

  Family Planning Association of India

2) International Agencies

 World Health Organization

 Rockefeller foundation

 CARE

 Ford Foundation

 United States Agency for International Development

 United Nations International Children Emergency Fund

 International Red Cross

11) INDIGENOUS SYSTEM OF MEDICINE

i. Homeopathy

ii. Siddha

iii. Unani

iv. Ayurveda

v. Yoga

7. 
8. The students would HOSPITALS The teacher explains Charts, Flow
be able to describe each Health Care Chart, Pamphlet,
in detail regarding Agency in detail, PowerPoint
the about the Health  It is an institution for care, diagnosis and treatment of the sick and asking questions to presentation,
Care Agencies. injured. students in between. Model,
Blackboard
 Hospitals can be generalized or specialized.

 Generalized hospitals are those where patients with general health

problems are treated.

 Specialized hospitals are those where patients having disorders of

particular system are treated.
They could be further divided into: Government sector and Private sector.

 Government Sector:

 Primary Health Centers:

i. The Primary Healthcare Center (PHC) is the basic

structural and functional unit of the public health services.

ii. PHCs were established to provide accessible, affordable

and available primary health care to people.

iii. The principles of primary health care are: Accessibility,

Public participation, Health promotion, Appropriate
technology and Intersectoral cooperation.

 Community Health Centers:

i. Community health center is a network of clinics staffed by

a group of general practitioners and nurses providing
healthcare services to people in a certain area.

ii. CHSs operate across the state and aim to provide a broad
range of services and health promotion activities to local
 populations, particularly those who have or are at risk of
the poorest health and have the greatest economic and
social needs.

iii. The services provided by CHCs are: Counselling and

support services, Health promotion activities, Medical and
nursing services, Dental health, Allied health, including
audiology, dietetics, exercise physiology, physiotherapy,
podiatry, occupational therapy and speech therapy.

 Private Sector:

 Outpatient Services:

i. Patients who do not require hospitalization can receive

health care in a clinic.
ii. An out patient setting is designed to be convenient and
easily accessible to the patient.
iii. Out patient services are generally directed at primary and
secondary health centers.

 Inpatient Services:

i. An inpatient service is the care that is required when the

patient is admitted to a hospital.
ii. When admitted to the hospital, patient care is provided by a
team of health care professionals trained to meet patient’s
specific medical needs.
iii. Patients are assigned a ward or a room based on the type of
care they need and the availability of the bed.
iv.
HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEMES:

 A health insurance scheme is a health insurance policy sponsored

by a state or the central government.
  The aim of such schemes is to offer affordable health insurance to
the common man and improve healthcare facilities in different
strata of society.
The various health insurance schemes include:

 Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana:

 The Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana is a security scheme that provides

benefits to low income individuals in case of death or disability.
 The scheme is targeted at people working in 48 specific vocations
like carpentry, handloom weaving, fishing, cobblers, auto drivers
etc.
 For a premium of Rs.300 per year, the scheme promises an assured
sum of Rs.30,000 after natural death, and Rs.75,000 in case of
accidental death of the policyholder.
 Only an earning member or head of the family can be insured
under this scheme.

 Employee State Insurance policy

 After India acquired independence, millions of Indians were

employed at factories.
 During this time the working conditions lead to many accidents
and deaths at these factories.
 Thus, the Employees State Insurance was introduced in 1952
which protected workers financially in case of illness, disability or
death.
 The ESI act covers 7 benefits under the scheme: Medical benefit,
Sickness benefit, Maternity benefit, Disablement benefit,
Dependent benefit, Funeral Expenses and Rehabilitation
allowance.

 Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS)

 The Central Government Health Scheme is a type of health

plan provided by the Central Government of India, in New
 Delhi, in 1954.
 The scheme is based on the principle of cooperation between
the employee and the employer, to the mutual advantage of
both.
 Only Central Government employees are eligible for this
policy. These include Supreme Court judges, Central Railway
Board employees, etc.
 The CGHS scheme has been around for more than 6 decades
and covers hospitalization expenses for policyholders, from
outpatient till family welfare services.
 Alternative medicine like Ayurveda and Homeopathy are also
covered under this scheme.

 AYUSHMAN BHARAT Scheme

 The Ayushman Bharat Scheme is a health insurance scheme

designed to unify the segmented health sector in India.
 It comprises two components: Health and Wellness Centres
(HWC) and the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-
JAY).
 The Health and Wellness Centres are supposed to be better
developed versions of Primary Healthcare Centres
 The PM-JAY scheme is a health insurance scheme that offers
Rs.5 lakh as the sum assured per family with a premium of
Rs,30.

DAY CARE CENTERS

 These are the centers where patients/children stay from morning

till evening, as members of the family may not be at home to take
care of them.
 Day-care centers were established in most European cities and
industrial centers during the second half of the 19th century; the
first one being in Great Britain.
  For Example, arrangements for Crèches provided for the infants
and children in places where parents are working.

REHABILITATION CENTERS

 A centre or clinic where people with an alcohol or drug addiction

are treated are called rehabilitation centres.
 It can help to avoid costly hospitalization, reduce hospital length
of stay, and prevent re-admissions.
 Rehabilitation also enables individuals to participate in education
and gainful employment, remain independent at home, and
minimize the need for financial or caregiver support.
 It assists the client to restore their health and the nurses in the
rehabilitation setting coordinate client activities and ensure that
clients are complying with their treatment.
 This type of nursing care often requires specialized skill and
knowledge.

HOME FOR THE AGED

 Home for the aged means a supervised personal care facility at a

single address, that provides room, board, and supervised personal
care to 21 or more unrelated, nontransient, individuals who are 55
years of age or older.
 Facilities are provided within the building. This can include
facilities for meals, gatherings, recreation activities, and some
form of health or hospital care.
 The first retirement home in the Cayman Islands was established
by journalist and missionary, Olive Hilda Miller, in 1983.
 In these centers, both physical and psychological needs of the
elderly people are looked after by the medical and nursing
personnel.
 A retirement home differs from a nursing home primarily in the
level of medical care given.
HOSPICES

o Hospice care is a type of health care that focuses on supportive

and palliative care of terminally ill patients with pain and other
symptoms and attending to their emotional and spiritual needs.
o It is a health-care facility for the terminally ill that emphasizes
pain control and emotional support for the patient and family,
typically not taking any extraordinary measures to prolong life.
o It provides family centered care where patient can remain with the
family members during the course of their terminal illness.
o Usually patients for palliative care and old aged people for
supportive services are admitted in hospices and are provided with
physical, physiological, social and spiritual care.
o The symptom management is the main aspect of care.
o Hospice care prioritizes comfort and quality of life by reducing
pain and suffering.

NURSING HOMES, CLINICS AND DISPENSARIES

 Nursing home are, facility for care (usually long-term) of patients

who are not sick enough to need hospital care but are not able to
remain at home.
 Historically, most residents were elderly or ill or had chronic
irreversible and disabling disorders, and medical and nursing care
was minimal.
 Treatment of minor ailments is carried out by these agencies.
 Today nursing homes have a more active role in health care,
helping patients prepare to live at home or with a family member
when possible.
 They help conserve expensive hospital facilities for the acutely ill
and improve the prospects of the chronically disabled.
 However, quality of care varies widely, and the potential for abuse
exists.
 Most nursing homes have nursing aides and skilled nurses on hand
 24 hours a day.
 Some nursing homes are set up like a hospital. The staff provides
medical care, as well as physical, speech and occupational therapy.

DEFENCE MEDICAL SERVICES

a. Defence services have their own organization for medical care to

their defence personnel under the banner “Armed Forces Medical
Services “.
b. The services provided are integrated and comprehensive
embracing preventive, promotive and curative services.
c. Defence Medical Services (DMS) is made up of the Royal Navy
Medical Service, Army Medical Service, the Royal Air Force
Medical Service and the Headquarters DMS Group.
d. The primary role of the DMS is to promote, protect and restore the
health of the UK armed forces to ensure that they are ready and
medically fit to go where they are required in the UK and
throughout the world.
e. The DMS is staffed by around 12,200 service personnel (8,250
regular and 3950 reserve) and 2,600 civilian personnel and
provides healthcare to 137.
f. Service personnel and civilians work side by side as medical,
dental and allied healthcare professionals and with other personnel
with the relevant business and technical skills.
g. The range of services provided by the DMS includes primary
healthcare, dental care, rehabilitation, occupational medicine,
community mental healthcare and specialist medical care.

RAILWAY HEALTH SERVICES

 The Railways provide comprehensive health care services through

the agency of Railway Hospitals, Health Units and Clinics.
 Environmental Sanitation is taken care of by the Health Inspectors
in large stations.
 A Superior Health Inspector supervises the division’s work.
 Health checkup is provided for the employees at the time of entry
 into service, and thereafter at yearly intervals.
 There are lady medical officers, health visitors and midwives who
look after the MCH and School Health Services.
 Specialist services are also available at the Divisional Hospitals.

VOLUNTARY HEALTH AGENCIES

 Voluntary agencies are organizations that are independent of

government interference.

 Also known as Non-governmental organization (NGOs), they are a

subset of organizations founded by the citizens, for provision of
varied services.

 Any nonprofit, nongovernmental agency, governed by lay or

professional individuals and organized on a national, state, or local
level, whose primary purpose is health related, is known as a
voluntary agency.

 These agencies are usually engaged in programs of service,

education, and research related to a particular disability or group
of diseases and disabilities.
They are divided into two types:

A. National Agencies:

o National Health Agencies are organization has its own

administrative body or committee that raises funds through its
members or from private sources.

o It has paid or voluntary staff, that works for health promotion,

health education and health legislation, etc.

o Working in the MCH field: Family Planning Association of

India, Indian Council for Child Welfare and Kasturba
 Memorial Fund.

o Working for a specific disease problem: Hind Kushta Nivaran

Sangh, Indian Cancer Society, etc.

o Working for General Health Care: The Indian Red Cross

Society, Central Social Welfare and All Indian Women's
Conferences.

1) INDIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY

 It was coined in 1920. The National headquarters of

Indian Red Cross Society (IRCS) is at Delhi.

 Indian Red Cross Society is a national organization

with more than 655 branches, which are spread
throughout the state, district and sub-division of the
country.

 The Red Cross Home at Bengaluru for disabled ex-

servicemen is one of the pioneer institutions of its kind
in Asia.

Activities of IRCS

 Relief work

 Milk and medical supplies

 Armed forces

 Maternal and child welfare services

  Family planning

 Blood bank and first aid

2) HIND KUSHT NIVARAN SANGH

 It was founded in 1950. Its head office (HQ) is in New

Delhi.

 Its predecessor was the Indian Council of the British

Empire Leprosy Relief Association, which was
dissolved in 1950.

Activities of HKNS

 Help leprosy homes and clinics.

 Health education through publication and publicity.

 Training of health personnel.

 Field diagnosis and research.

 Arranging leprosy worker’s conference and publication

of quarterly “Leprosy India”.

3) INDIAN COUNCIL OF CHILD WELFARE

 It was coined in 1952. ICCW is affiliated to

International Union for Child Welfare.

 The services of ICCW are dedicated to ensuring

"opportunities and facilities, by law and other means",
for Indian children which are able to access them in
 healthy and normal way physically, mentally, morally,
spiritually and socially in a healthy and normal manner
and develop conditions of freedom and dignity.

4) TUBERCULOSIS ASSOCIATION OF INDIA

 It was coined in 1939. Headquarters is in Delhi.

 .Its branches in every state in India.

Activities of TAI

 Organizing a T.B. stamp campaign every year to raise funds,

train doctors, health visitors and social workers in anti-T.B
work,

 Promote health education, promote consultations and

conferences.

5) BHARAT SEVAK SAMAJ

 Bharat Sevak Samaj was formed in 1952.

 It is non-political, non-governmental and non-voluntary

organization.

 The main objectives of BSK is to help people achieve

health through their own actions and efforts.

 The main activity of the organization is to

improvement in environmental sanitation in rural area
is included.
  The branches of BSS are functioning in almost all
districts of all states.

6) CENTRAL SOCIAL WELFARE BOARD

 It is an independent organization under the general

administrative control of the Ministry of Education.

 CSWB was created by the Government of India in

August 1953.

Activities of CSWB

 Study of the needs and requirements of voluntary

welfare organizations in the country

 Promote and establish social welfare organizations

on a voluntary basis

 Render Representation of financial aid to deserving

existing organizations and institutions.

 Teaching of crafts, social education, literacy

classes, maternity help for women, distribution of
milk, Balwadis and organization of play centers for
children.

 Started an industrial cooperative scheme to help

lower-middle-class women in urban areas
supplement their income by doing paid work.

7) KASTURBA MEMORIAL FUND

 It was created in memory of Kasturba Gandhi, after her

 death in 1944.

 The fund was raised with the main objective of

improving the lot of women, especially in the villages,
through gram-sevikas.

 Attempt is made to raise the standard of Indian women.

8) FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION OF INDIA

 Head quarter was formed in 1949 in Mumbai with the

aim of dissemination of family planning in India.

 Its branches run family planning clinics. It has trained

hundreds of doctor, health visitors, and social workers.

Activities of FPAI:

 Conducting family planning clinics.

 Couching of health professionals.

 Providing information related to family planning.

9) ALL INDIA WOMEN’S CONFERENCE

 It is the only voluntary women’s welfare organization

in the country.

 Established in 1926, It gives special contribution in

running of maternal, child health clinics, health centres
and family planning clinics.

 It also makes arrangements for adult education.

B. International Agencies:

 A large number of international health

agencies/organizations of various sizes provide
international health assistance to improve long-term
medical care in developing countries.

 They provide aid to victims of war, famine, and natural

disasters.

 Agency sponsored research and pilot programs in

developed industrialized countries have generated many of
the best ideas for improving health in developing countries.

 The international health agencies/organizations are an

important source of expert technical advice and training for
local health professionals.

I. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

 The World Health Organization is the UN's specialized
agency for health.
 It was created on April 7, 1948, and is celebrated each year
as "World Health Day".
 The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized
and non-political United Nations health agency,
headquartered in Geneva.

Areas of work
The main areas of activity are health systems, lifelong health,
non-communicable and communicable diseases, preparation,
monitoring and response, and business services.

Goal
“Achieved by all people of the highest level of health", also
known as Health for All by the year 2000.

Structure
Today, more than 7,000 people work in 150 country offices,
six regional offices and our headquarters in Geneva,
Switzerland.

Main bodies

WHO is made up of three main bodies:

The World Health Assembly

o Determine international health policy and programs.
o Analysis of past year works
o Approve the necessary budget for the following year.
o Elect the Member States to designate a person for three
years on the Executive Council and replace the outgoing
members.
The Management Board
o The main job of the Council is to give effect to the
decisions and policies of the Assembly.
o The Council also has the power to act itself in emergencies,
such as epidemics, earthquakes and floods, where
immediate action is required.
The Secretariat
Provide the Member States with technical and
administrative support for their national health
development programs.

Main role
Leading and coordinating international health within the
United Nations system

Function / role

 Health Service Department

 Biomedical research

 Prevention and Control of Specific Diseases

 Health Statistics

 Cooperation with other agencies

 Family Health

 Environmental Health

 Health Literature and Information

II. UNITED NATIONS FUND FOR POPULATION

ACTIVITIES

 UNFPA is an international development agency that

helps in the promotion of the right of women, men and
children by health and equal opportunity.

 Since 1974 UNFPA is serving in India

Core Areas of focus

The three core areas of work are

 Reproductive
  health

 Gender equality and population

 Development strategies.

Functions

 To develop the national capability for the production of

contraceptives.

 To develop population education programmes.

 To undertake organized sector projects.

 To strengthen programme management as well as to

improve the productivity of grass-root level health
workers.

 To introduce innovative approaches to family planning

and MCH care.

III. UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL

CHILDREN EMERGENCY FUND (UNICEF)

 Created in 1946 by the General Assembly of the United

Nations to deal with the rehabilitation of children in
war-torn countries.

 The headquarters of the United Nations International

Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) is located at the
United Nations, New York.

 The UNICEF regional office is located in New Delhi,

 the region is known as the South Central Asia region,
which covers Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, India, Maldives,
Mongolia and Nepal.

 UNICEF works in close collaboration with WHO and

other specialized agencies of the United Nations such
as UNDP, FAO and UNESCO.

Services / Features
 Child protection and inclusion
 Child survival
 Education
 Social policy
 UNICEF in emergencies
 Gender
 Innovation for children
 Supply and logistics
 Research and analysis
 Use data to generate results.

GOBI CAMPAIGN supports 4 strategies for child health care:

G: growth curves allow better monitoring of child development.
O: oral re-hydration to correct mild and moderate dehydration.
B: breastfeed.
I: Immunization (measles, diphtheria, polio, whooping cough, tetanus and
tuberculosis)

IV. UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR

INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

It was created in 1961. A USAID mission operates in New

Delhi.
 Objectives

 To promote broadly shared economic prosperity

 To strengthen democracy and good governance

 To protect human rights

 To improve global health

 To Advance food security and agriculture
 To improve environmental sustainability
 To Further education
 To Help societies prevent and recover from conflicts
 To provide humanitarian assistance in the wake of
natural and man-made disasters
Functions
 Malaria eradication
 Medical education
 Nursing education
 Health education
 Water supply and sanitation
 Control of communicable diseases
 Nutrition
 Family planning

V. COOPERATIVE FOR ASSISTANCE AND

RELIEF EVERYWHERE (CARE)

o It was founded in North America in 1945.

o It is one of the world’s largest independent, non-profit,

non-sectarian international relief and developmental
organizations.
 Objectives
a. To serve individuals and families in the world's poorest
communities.
b. To promote innovative solutions and advocate for
global responsibility.
c. To deliver relief in emergencies.
d. To influence policy decisions at all levels.
e. To meet international standards of quality and
accountability.

Functions

 Emergency response,

 Advocacy

 Climate change,

 Maternal Education

 Health education,

 HIV and AIDS,

 Economic development,

 Food security

 Water sanitation and hygiene,

 Focus on women and girls.

VI. INTERNATIONAL RED CROSS

  Red Cross is a non-political, non-governmental
humanitarian voluntary organization that is dedicated
to the services of humanity in both wars as well as in
peace.

 It was established by a Swiss businessman, Henry

Dunant in 1864.

 In 1919, the League of Red Cross Society was formed.

Objective

a) To promote health in countries people who suffered

greatly during the war.

b) To unite and strengthen the health activities

c) To promote the formation of new societies.

d) To facilitate, encourage inspire and promote all forms

of humanitarian at all time.

Functions
 Perform relief operations to help people affected by
disaster and link to development work.
 Focuses on four important areas, promoting humanitarian
values, disaster response, disaster preparedness, and health
and social care.
 Provide a unique network of national societies covering
every country in the world.
 Support and advise National Societies with relief work and
development programmes, and encourage regional
cooperation.
VII. ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION

 The Rockefeller Foundation was coined in 1913 by

John D. Rockefeller.

 The purpose of promoting it is the good of mankind all

over the world.

 Foundation activities were more in the field of

community health and medicine.

 The Rockefeller Foundation started functioning in

India in 1920 with a plan to control hookworm disease
in the Madras Presidency.

 The All India Institute of Sanitation and Public Health

in Kolkata was established in large part due to the
support of the Rockfish Foundation.

Foundation's programs include:

 Training of competent teachers and research workers.

 Training of candidates from India abroad through

fellowship and travel grant. Sponsorship of a large
number of medical specialist visits from the United
States.

 Assistance for research projects and institutes (eg:

National Institute of Virology in Pune).

 Helps in the development of family planning.

  Provides rural training and medical education.

VIII. FORD FOUNDATION

Ford Foundation is an organization dedicated to the field of

rural health services and family planning.

Ford Foundation has assisted India in the following projects:

 Orientation Training Center:

To provide training courses in public health for medical

and paramedical personnel from all over India at Singur,
Poonamallee and Najafgarh.

 Research-cum-Action Project:

Were aimed at solving some basic problems in

environmental sanitation viz. Design and construction of
acceptable sanitary toilets made by hand in rural areas.

 Pilot Project in Rural Health Services:

To develop and operate a coordinated type of healthcare in

Gandhigram, Tamil Nadu, which will provide a useful
model for health administrators in the country.

 Establishment of National Institute of Health

Administration Education:

The Ford Foundation has supported the establishment of

the National Institute of Health Administration and
 Education in Delhi. The institute provides senior staff-
college type training for health administrators.

 Calcutta Water Supply and Drainage System:

The Foundation together with other international agencies

has helped to prepare a master plan for water supply,
sewerage and drainage for the city of Kolkata.

 Family Planning Program:

The Foundation is supporting research in reproductive

biology and family planning fellowship programs. In India,
the Foundation supports short-term training programs in
community health, pilot projects for health services, RCA
projects and research programs in family planning.

INDIGENOUS SYSTEM OF MEDICINE

 The practitioners of indigenous system of medicine provide the

bulk of medical care to the rural people.

 Ayurvedic physicians are alone estimated to be about 4.38 lakhs.

 Studies indicate that nearly 90% of Ayurvedic physicians seve the

rural areas.

 Most of them are local residents and remain very close to the
people socially and culturally.

 In recent years, there has been considerable state patronage to

foster these systems of medicine.
  Many Ayurvedic dispensaries are state-run.

 The Government of India has established a National Ayurvedic

Centre in Jaipur and National Homeopathic Centre in Kolkata.

 A Central Council of Indian Medicine was established in 1971, to

prescribe minimum standards of education in Indian Medicine.

 The Government of India is studying the question of how

Indigenous system of medicine could best be utilized for more
effective or total health coverage.
9. Summary Today, We have discussed about Health Care Agencies – it’s definition,
aim and objectives, purposes, functions, organization pattern and learnt
about each health care agency in detail.
Health Care Agencies are usually non-profit organizations, and many are
active in humanitarian work or the social sciences. It advocates people-
centered policies for dynamic health planning and programme
management in India. It initiate and support innovative health and
development programmes at the grassroots with the active participation of
the people. It strives to build up a strong health movement in the country
for a cost-effective, preventive, promotive and rehabilitative health care
system.
10. Recapitulation
 What are the Activities of Indian Red Cross Society?
 When Tuberculosis Association of India was coined ?
 What is the full form of UNFPA?O?

 What are the Four strategies covered by GOBI campaign?

11. Assignment A quiz will be given asking the full forms of some Health Care Agencies.
12. Conclusion First of all, I want to express my gratitude to Kirthi ma’am for giving me
an opportunity for presenting this topic. I also want to express my
heartfelt thanks to the students for their attentive listening and active
 participation.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

 K.Park. Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine. 27th edition. Banarsi Das Bhanot Publishers. 2017. (pg. no. 851-855, 954-957)
 Dr.Valsamma Joseph, Susamma Varghese. Nursing Foundation -I and II. 2nd edition. Frontline Publications. (Pg. No. 22-23, 80-82)
 S.Kamalam. Essentials of Community Health Nursing Practice. 3rd Edition. JAYPEE Publications. (Pg. No. 124-128)