DELL NETWORKING

INTRODUCTION

PARTICIPANT GUIDE

PARTICIPANT GUIDE
 Dell Networking Introduction

© Copyright 2022 Dell Inc. Page i

Table of Contents

Dell Networking Introduction .................................................................................... 1

Dell Networking Introduction ................................................................................................ 2

Certification Journey Map ......................................................................................... 3

Certification Journey Map .................................................................................................... 4

Network Components ................................................................................................ 6

Hubs .................................................................................................................................... 7
Switch .................................................................................................................................. 8
Router .................................................................................................................................. 9
Firewall and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) ................................................................. 10

Network Topologies ................................................................................................. 12

Campus and Data Center Models Comparison .................................................................. 13
Three-Tier Model ............................................................................................................... 14
Two-Tier Model .................................................................................................................. 15
Underlay and Overlay Networks......................................................................................... 16

Knowledge Check: Network Components and Topologies.................................. 18

Question ............................................................................................................................ 19
Question ............................................................................................................................ 20

OSI and TCP/IP Models............................................................................................ 21

OSI Model .......................................................................................................................... 22
TCP/IP Model .................................................................................................................... 23
TCP/IP and OSI Models Comparison ................................................................................. 24
Sample Protocols ............................................................................................................... 25
Networking Hardware and Their Functions in Different Layers ........................................... 26

TCP Features ............................................................................................................ 27

Common Port Numbers ..................................................................................................... 28
3-Way Handshake ............................................................................................................. 29

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 TCP Sequence Numbering ................................................................................................ 30
TCP Error Recovery........................................................................................................... 31
TCP Windowing ................................................................................................................. 32
TCP Connection Termination ............................................................................................. 33
TCP and UDP Headers Comparison .................................................................................. 34
Attribute Comparison ......................................................................................................... 35

Knowledge Check: OSI and TCP/IP Models ........................................................... 36

Question ............................................................................................................................ 37
Question ............................................................................................................................ 38

Dell EMC Networking Portfolio ............................................................................... 39

Dell EMC Networking Portfolio ........................................................................................... 40
Dell EMC Networking X-Series Smart-Managed Switches ................................................. 41
Dell EMC PowerSwitch N-Series ....................................................................................... 42
Dell EMC PowerSwitch S-Series........................................................................................ 43
Dell EMC PowerSwitch Z-Series ........................................................................................ 44
Dell EMC Virtual Edge Platform ......................................................................................... 45
Dell Networking C9000 Series Switches ............................................................................ 46
Dell EMC PowerEdge MX Platform and Switching Modules ............................................... 47

Third Party Operating Systems Supported by Dell EMC PowerSwitch Series ... 48
Open Networking ............................................................................................................... 49
Third Party Operating Systems Supported by Dell EMC PowerSwitch Series .................... 50
Open Networking Install Environment(ONIE) ..................................................................... 52

Knowledge Check: Dell EMC Networking Portfolio .............................................. 53

Question ............................................................................................................................ 54
Question ............................................................................................................................ 55

Summary................................................................................................................... 56
Summary ........................................................................................................................... 57

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Appendix ................................................................................................. 59

Glossary ................................................................................................ 109

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 Dell Networking Introduction

Dell Networking Introduction

Dell Networking Introduction

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Dell Networking Introduction

Dell Networking Introduction

Module Objectives
→ Explain the purpose and function of network devices such as switches and
routers
→ Explain the Campus and Datacenter topologies
→ Explain the operation of the OSI and TCP/IP model
→ List the various models of the Dell EMC networking product line and their
features

Dell Networking Introduction

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 Certification Journey Map

Certification Journey Map

Dell Networking Introduction

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Certification Journey Map

Certification Journey Map

Dell Certified Associate: Networking

Dell Networking Concepts and Features

Course Description: The Dell Networking Concepts and Features is an Associate

Level course for certification training path leading to Dell Certified Specialist,
Networking (Campus/Data Center - Implementation and Administration). This
course is intended for those that are new to the computer networking field and
available to all audiences (customer, partner, and internal). This course provides
introduction to different technologies used in enterprise Campus and Data Center
networks. This course is delivered through on-demand or instructor-led training and
hands-on activities. The topics that are covered include:

• Ethernet Networking
• Internet Protocol (IP)
• Spanning Tree Protocol, Link Layer Discovery Protocol
• Link aggregation groups and Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation
• Virtual LANs
• Subnetting
• Static Routing and Routing Protocols
• Network Services - DHCP, DNS and NTP
• Internet Protocol Version 4 and 6(IPv4 and IPv6)
• iSCSI Storage Networking
• Network Security
• Dell Networking Portfolio (Campus, Data Center, and Modular Switches)
• SmartFabric Services

Dell Certified Specialist: Networking

Dell PowerSwitch Campus Implementation and Administration

Course Description: The Dell PowerSwitch Campus Implementation and

Administration course is part of the certification training path leading to Dell
Certified Specialist, Networking. This course is intended for professionals those
who configure, manage, and troubleshoot Dell Campus Networking products. The
pre-requisite for this course is that, the student must have completed the Associate
course -Dell PowerSwitch Concepts and Features. This course is delivered through

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 Certification Journey Map

on-demand or instructor-led training and hands-on activities. The topics that are
covered include:

• Overview of Campus Network Design

• Basic Switch Configuration
• Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation (MLAGs)
• Open Shortest Path First(OSPF)
• Policy-Based Routing (PBR)
• Routing
• Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol - VRRP
• IPv6
• Voice over IP(VoIP) and Quality of Service (QoS)
• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol—DHCP
• Power over Ethernet
• Security
• Switch Stacking

Dell PowerSwitch Data Center Implementation and Administration

Course Description: The Dell PowerSwitch Data Center Implementation and

Administration course is part of the certification training path leading to Dell
Certified Specialist, Networking. This course is intended for professionals those
who configure, manage, and troubleshoot Dell Data Center Networking products.
The pre-requisite for this course is that, the student must have completed the
Associate course -Dell PowerSwitch Concepts and Features. This course is
delivered through on-demand or instructor-led training and hands-on activities. The
topics that are covered include:

• Data Center Networking Overview

• Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
• Virtual Link Trunking
• Failure Detection
• Open Shortest Path First - OSPF
• Border Gateway Protocol
• Policy-Based Routing
• Virtual Routing and Forwarding
• Security
• Network Time Protocol
• Multicast
• Quality of Service
• SmartFabric Services and OMNI

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Network Components

Network Components

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 Network Components

Hubs

L1 Hub

Switch Hub

A B C D E

A hub connects multiple systems or other network devices together. Hubs are
considered as a legacy device in modern networks.

Hubs cannot make intelligent decisions on how to direct traffic, they have no
forwarding logic (no IP routing or MAC tables).

Hubs are half-duplex devices. They can either Transmit (Tx) or Receive (Rx), they
cannot send and receive simultaneously.

Hubs simply amplify received electrical signals and broadcasts them to every
device it is connected to.

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Network Components

Switch

Switch

Switch Hub

A B C D E

Switches are building blocks for a network that are used for connecting multiple
devices, such as systems, wireless access points, printers, and servers.

Switches possess forwarding logic. Switches can make intelligent decisions on how
to direct traffic. Traffic is forwarded based on destination MAC address.

Switches typically implement their forwarding logic in hardware using ASIC chips
which can run at full wire-speed.

Switches can forward traffic efficiently to known addresses.

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 Network Components

Router

Router

Subnet 2

R1 R2

Subnet 4
Subnet 1

Subnet 3

Router is a network device that connects two or more packet-switched networks

and can route network packets based on their addresses.

The other uses of router are:

• Connecting different subnetworks

• Connecting branch office to central office
• Provide Internet access.

Routers possess forwarding logic and can make intelligent decisions on how to
direct traffic. Traffic is forwarded based on destination network addresses
contained in a routing table.

Routers can forward traffic efficiently to known addresses and drop the traffic for
unknown addresses.

Routers act as broadcast boundaries that block broadcast traffic from interrupting
all devices on the network.

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Network Components

Firewall and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)

Network B

Network A Network C

Network B Network C

Internal Network

0 100
Internet

0 and 100 are

Trust Levels
Joe

Firewalls typically block traffic by design and only allow traffic on exception.

• Firewalls can be deployed in transparent mode or routed mode.

• Firewalls operate both in Layer 3 (packet filtering firewall) and Layer 4(session
filtering firewall).
− Layer 3 firewall filter the traffic filter based on source and destination IP,
port, and protocol. (stateless packet inspection)
− Layer 4 firewalls have the ability to do Layer 3 filtering and also actively track
the network connections, and allow or deny traffic based on the state of
those sessions (stateful packet inspection).
• Stateful firewalls allow incoming connections from the Internet only if a
connection was initially made from inside the network.

IPS devices monitor traffic patterns and block the traffic that is unusual or traffic
that is recognized as a known threat.

• Historically deployed behind firewall separately, but today, the firewalls have
built in IPS functionality.

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 Network Components

• Inspect traffic once it crosses the firewall.

• Primary role was to deep inspect traffic and analyze packet to check if they are
malicious.

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Network Topologies

Network Topologies

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 Network Topologies

Campus and Data Center Models Comparison

Remote
Users
WAN/Internet
/Cloud Access
Edge
North/South Routers
Traffic
Campus Data Center Network

Core
Data Center
Core

Campus
Distribution
Data Center
Aggregation
Campus
Access Data Center
Printers
Access

Servers

Campus VoIP VoIP

Users East/West Traffic

• Campus traffic typically flows North-South in direction.

The North-South traffic describes client-to-server traffic that moves from the
client within the campus to a location outside of the campus network. Usually
this type of connection is used for Internet or cloud connectivity.

• Data Center traffic typically flows East-West in direction.

East-west traffic in networking is the transfer of data packets from:

1) Server to server
2) Host to storage
3) Virtual Machine(VM) to datastore connectivity

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Network Topologies

Three-Tier Model

To other building blocks To other building blocks

Core Switches
Core links
Core-1 Core-2
Building Blocks

Distribution Switches

Distribution-2
Distribution-1
Access Uplinks
Switches

Access-1 Access-2 Access-3 Access-4

The 3-Tier model consists of three categories of switches. They are:

• Core switches
− Aggregate distribution switches in large campus LANs, providing high
forwarding rates
• Distribution switches
− Provide an aggregation point for access switches, forwarding frames
between switches, but do not connect directly to end-user devices.
• Access switches

− Provide a connection point(access) for end-user devices. Access switches

do not forward frames between two other access switches under normal
conditions.

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 Network Topologies

Two-Tier Model

WAN/Internet/
Cloud Access

Dell PowerSwitch
spine switches

TOR
Dell
PowerSwitch
leaf
switche
s

The two-tier model has these features:

• Leaf and Spine is the design choice to accommodate Data Center traffic
requirements.
• The two-tier model is considered the best option for small or medium campus
networks and is commonly known as collapsed core architecture.
• In collapsed core architecture, the core and distribution layers are combined to
simplify the design and reduce the cost.
• It minimizes East-West latency.
• It is a nonblocking network where all devices are the same number of hops
away.

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Network Topologies

Underlay and Overlay Networks

Overlay

Underlay

The network structure is categorized as:

• An underlay network is a term for the hardware, protocols, and features

required to build network reachability between devices.
• An overlay network is a term to describe the virtual network created on top of
the physical network.

− Overlay networks are often temporary or dynamic in nature. They exist for a
specific time to support a particular business need and can then be torn
down.

On-Premise Services and Cloud-Based Services Comparison

The key difference between On-Premise vs Cloud-Based are listed below:

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 Network Topologies

Hosting

Cloud-Based Services On-Premise Services

• With On-Premise, all resources are physically located on-site.

− IT equipment is owned by organization.
− Local IT are responsible for life-cycle management of IT services.
• With Cloud-Based services, a service provider is responsible for making the
resources available over the Internet.

• IT equipment is owned by the service provider (AWS, Azure, so on).

• IT equipment is rented by the organization.
• The service provider is responsible for providing continuity of IT service,
maintenance, patch management, backups, and security.

Video: Dell Networking Introduction

Dell Networking Introduction

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Knowledge Check: Network Components and Topologies

Knowledge Check: Network Components and

Topologies

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 Knowledge Check: Network Components and Topologies

Question

1. A switch forwards traffic based on destination MAC address. True or False

a. True
b. False

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Knowledge Check: Network Components and Topologies

Question

2. The two-tier model (Leaf-Spine) is suitable for Data Center networking. True or
False
a. True
b. False

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 OSI and TCP/IP Models

OSI and TCP/IP Models

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OSI and TCP/IP Models

OSI Model

OSI Model

Layer 7 Application Layer

Layer 6 Presentation Layer

Layer 5 Session Layer

Layer 4 Transport Layer

Layer 3 Network Layer

Layer 2 Data Link Layer

Layer 1 Physical Layer

The open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a standard that ensures

compatibility among devices and systems that work together to communicate and
exchange information.

The OSI model divides key network functions into seven distinct categories that are
represented in the form of a layered stack.

Splitting networking functions into layers enables manufacturers to alter how they
implement the functions of a layer without impacting the operations of other layers.

The layers form a hierarchy and functions are in a logical order. The lower layers
provide services for upper layers, and higher layers complete their functions by
using input from the lower layers. To learn more about each OSI layer click here.

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 OSI and TCP/IP Models

TCP/IP Model

TCP/IP Model

Layer 5 Application Layer

Layer 4 Transport layer

Layer 3 Network Layer

Layer 2 Data Link Layer

Layer 1 Physical Layer

The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol(TCP/IP) is a five-layer model

of communication protocols.

TCP and IP are two separate protocols that work together to ensure that data is
delivered to its correct destination within a network.

• IP obtains and defines the IP address of the application or device to which the
data must be sent.
• TCP performs transporting the data through the network and ensures that the
data is delivered to the destination application or device that IP has defined.

TCP/IP is the most widely used standard that is used by systems to communicate
with each other. To learn more about each TCP/IP layer click here.

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OSI and TCP/IP Models

TCP/IP and OSI Models Comparison

OSI Reference Model TCP/IP Model

Layer 7 Application Layer

Application Layer Layer 5

Layer 6 Presentation Layer

Layer 5 Session Layer

Layer 4 Transport Layer Transport Layer Layer 4

Layer 3 Network Layer Layer 3

Network Layer

Data Link Layer Layer 2

Layer 2 Data Link Layer

Physical Layer Physical Layer Layer 1

Layer 1

TCP/IP and OSI Models Comparison

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 OSI and TCP/IP Models

Sample Protocols

OSI Model Example Protocols

Layer 7 Application Layer HTTP, POP3, SMTP

Layer 6 Presentation Layer RDA, ROSE

Layer 5 Session Layer NetBIOS, RPC

Layer 4 Transport Layer TCP, UDP

Layer 3 Network Layer IP, IPX, IPsec

Layer 2 Data Link Layer Ethernet, PPP

Layer 1 Physical Layer Copper, Wireless

Example Protocols

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OSI and TCP/IP Models

Networking Hardware and Their Functions in Different Layers

OSI or TCP/IP Device Icon Forwards Method

Layer

Layer 1 Hub Electrical Amplifies

Physical Signals signals

Layer 2 Data Switch Frames Switches

Link based on MAC
address

Layer 3 Router Packets Routes based

Network on IP address

Layer 4 Firewall Packets Applies

Transport policies and
rules to block
or allow the
packets
Note: Firewalls
can operate
based on layer
3 info or
higher.

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 TCP Features

TCP Features

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TCP Features

Common Port Numbers

The common protocols and their associated port numbers are listed below:

Port Number Protocol Application

20 TCP FTP data

21 TCP FTP Control

22 TCP SSH

23 TCP Telnet

25 TCP SMTP

53 UDP, TCP DNS

67 and 68 UDP DHCP

69 UDP TFTP

80 TCP HTTP

110 TCP POP3

161 UDP SNMP

443 TCP SSL

1883 TCP MQ TELEMETRY SUPPORT

16384-32767 UDP RTP-based voice and video

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 TCP Features

3-Way Handshake
SEQ=200
SYN, DPORT=80, SPORT=1027

SEQ=1450, ACK=201
SYN, ACK DPORT=1027, SPORT=80

SEQ=1450, ACK=1451
ACK DPORT=80, SPORT=1027

www.dell.com Barry

To enlarge, click the image.

The three-way handshake is the sequence that is used to initialize a TCP session
between a source port and destination port. The three-way handshake occurs
before any other TCP feature starts.

TCP three-way handshake consists of the following steps:

• The client initiates the connection by sending the SYN segment to the
destination.
• The server responds with an SYN-ACK segment to confirm the port and
sequence numbers.
• Client acknowledges the response of the server by sending the
acknowledgment ACK segment. It acknowledges the receipt of the second
segment with the ACK flag.

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TCP Features

TCP Sequence Numbering

Server Client

TCP
Seq# = 1001
TCP Len = 999
ACK# = 1000

TCP
Seq# = 1001
TCP Len = 999
ACK# = 2000

TCP
Seq# = 2001
TCP Len = 999
ACK# = 3000

no data, acknowledgement = 4000

To enlarge, click the image.

The TCP sequence number is used to ensure reliability of transmission for TCP
streams. TCP numbers data bytes using the sequence and acknowledgment fields
in the TCP header.

• The graphics show an example of TCP sequence and acknowledgment

numbers in a TCP flow diagram.
• Forward acknowledgment indicates the next byte to be received. In this
example, 4000 is the next byte to be received.

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 TCP Features

TCP Error Recovery

1000 bytes of data, sequence = 1000

Client
Server 1000 bytes of data, sequence = 2000

ACK what I received

1000 bytes of data, sequence = 3000
correctly!

no data, acknowledgement = 2000

I just got 2000-2999, and I already

Client is requesting 2000-2999, 1000 bytes of data, sequence = 2000
had 3000-3999. Ask for 4000 next!
even though the server is
already sent it. Client must not no data, acknowledgement = 4000
have received the segment with
seq = 2000. Resend 2000.

To enlarge, click the image.

TCP error recovery is used to recover from the error which has occurred during the
transmission.

The sender also sets a retransmission timer, awaiting acknowledgment, in case the
ACK from the client is lost. If the timer expires, the TCP sender retransmits all the
segments again.

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TCP Features

TCP Windowing

SEQ=1-1000

Client
Server
ACK = 1001

SEQ=1001-2000

ACK = 2001
Window size increases to 2000,
because the network has
SEQ=2001-4000
demonstrated that it can reliably
handle sending data using a
ACK = 4001 window size of 1000.

Flow Control Implemented at Layer 4. To enlarge, click the image.

A TCP window is the amount of data a sender can send on a connection before the
receiver sends an acknowledgment. The acknowledgment indicates that the
amount of the data received.

TCP uses a sliding window to adjust the amount if unacknowledged data that can
be sent between TCP peers.

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 TCP Features

TCP Connection Termination

ACK, FIN Seq = M

ACK ACK = M + 1

ACK, FIN ACK = M + 1 SEQ = N

AC ACK = N + 1
Server K, Client

To enlarge, click the image.

The standard process of terminating a TCP connection is carried out using the FIN
flag of TCP header. The termination process enables each side to release the
connection individually.

TCP connection termination takes four segments to terminate a connection.

• TCP sends FIN segment.

• The other end performs passive close
• Receives the end of file
• Acknowledges the FIN

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TCP Features

TCP and UDP Headers Comparison

TCP
Header

To enlarge, click the image.

UDP
Header

To enlarge, click the image.

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 TCP Features

Attribute Comparison

TCP UDP

A protocol that requires an A protocol that does not require an exchange

exchange of messages before data of messages and that does not require a
transfer begins or that has a preestablished correlation between two
required preestablished correlation endpoints.
between two endpoints. • Connectionless
• Connection oriented • Simpler header
• Flow control • Example: Network File System, Video
• Error recovery Streaming
• Ordered data transfer
• Bigger overhead
• Example: VoIP

Video: OSI and TCP/IP Model

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Knowledge Check: OSI and TCP/IP Models

Knowledge Check: OSI and TCP/IP Models

Dell Networking Introduction

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 Knowledge Check: OSI and TCP/IP Models

Question

1. Which layer in OSI model establishes, manages, and terminates the

connections between the local and remote application.
a. Physical Layer
b. Data Link Layer
c. Session Layer
d. Application Layer

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Knowledge Check: OSI and TCP/IP Models

Question

2. Which protocol is used at the Application Layer of OSI model?

a. HTTP
b. PPP
c. IPsec
d. UDP

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 Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Dell Networking Introduction

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Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

The Dell EMC Networking portfolio enables customers to meet the demands of
modern workloads from the edge to the core to the cloud with following series of
switches:

• X-series
• N-series
• S-series
• Z-series
• C-series
• M-Series

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 Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Dell EMC Networking X-Series Smart-Managed Switches

The Dell EMC Networking X-Series is a family of smart managed 1 GbE and 10
GbE Ethernet switches that are designed for small and medium businesses.

• Effortless management with intuitive graphical user interface(GUI).

• Save time with streamlined tools, step-by-step wizards, and a customizable
dashboard.
• Works with DNOS 3 technology.
• X-Series Models

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Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Dell EMC PowerSwitch N-Series

The Dell EMC PowerSwitch N-series is a family of energy-efficient and cost-

effective 1 GbE and 10 GbE switches that are designed for modernizing and
scaling network infrastructure(Campus Market).

All N-Series models feature autosensing (1Gb/100Mb/10Mb) ports and runs on

OS6 technology.

The different models available under N-Series are:

• N1100-Series Models
• N1500-Series Models
• N2000-Series Models
• N3000-Series Models
• N4000-Series Models

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 Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Dell EMC PowerSwitch S-Series

The Dell EMC PowerSwitch S-Series offers a range of modular and fixed
configuration 1/10/40GbE systems that are designed principally for data-center top-
of-rack (ToR) and aggregation applications.

Works with DNOS9 and OS10 operating system and select third-party operating
systems.

Dell EMC PowerSwitch S-Series includes:

• 1GBE Switches
• 10GBE Switches
• 25,40,50,100GbE Switches

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Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Dell EMC PowerSwitch Z-Series

Dell EMC PowerSwitch Z-Series of core, aggregation switches provide optimal

flexibility, performance, density, and power efficiency for data center.

All Z-Series models feature DNOS 9 and OS10 technology.

Z-Series Models

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 Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Dell EMC Virtual Edge Platform

Dell EMC Virtual Edge Platform (VEP) empowers you to modernize edge
networking for the cloud applications.

Dell EMC Virtual Edge Platform uses a single, open hardware platform which
makes the user quickly add or remove any number of Virtual Network Functions -
through a centralized, managed offering to ensure operational efficiency.

VEP Models

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Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Dell Networking C9000 Series Switches

The Dell Networking C-Series is a family of chassis-based switches that are

designed to support 1 GbE and 10 GbE switch aggregation for enterprise
campus and business wiring closets.

C-Series also supports 1/10GbE server aggregation and 10/40GbE core

operations, campus connections for data centers.

All C-Series models feature DNOS 9 technology.

Typical usage includes using the C9010 as the network director, together with
C1048P rapid access nodes for managing the network.

C-Series Models

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 Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Dell EMC PowerEdge MX Platform and Switching Modules

Dell EMC PowerEdge MX Platform is the next-generation modular platform that

brings together compute, storage and networking under a single management
umbrella.

Lower overall costs and network management complexity while maximizing the
nonstop connectivity needs of today’s demanding data centers.

The rear of the chassis provides six slots for network switches.

There are four different models to choose and makes them perfect fit for business
needs of all sizes. The portfolio includes:

PowerEdge MX7000 Chassis

MX5108n Ethernet Switch

MX9116n Fabric Switching Engine

MX7116n Fabric Expander Module

DELL EMC MXG610S Fibre Channel Switch

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Third Party Operating Systems Supported by Dell EMC PowerSwitch Series

Third Party Operating Systems Supported by Dell EMC

PowerSwitch Series

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 Third Party Operating Systems Supported by Dell EMC PowerSwitch Series

Open Networking

Proprietary Networking Open Networking

Software Software

Proprietary Networking Open Networking

Hardware Hardware

Open Networking involves separating or disaggregated hardware and software.

Open Networking introduces more choices and options for customers when
building their network solutions.

Previously purchasing a model of switch would have determined the network

operating system being used. With Open Networking, it is possible to purchase the
network switch from Dell and the network operating system from a third party.

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Third Party Operating Systems Supported by Dell EMC PowerSwitch Series

Third Party Operating Systems Supported by Dell EMC

PowerSwitch Series

SONiC and Cumulus operating systems are discussed in subsequent slides.

Switch Light is a Linux-based, thin switching software solution that provides

consistent data plane programming abstractions across merchant silicon-based
physical switches and hypervisor vSwitches. Switch Light can be installed on
various physical switch platforms. Switch Light comes in two flavors Switch Light
operating system and Switch Light vSwitch. Switch Light operating system
dramatically reduces the cost of network operations and eliminates time-
consuming, manual procedures with help of central provisioning, automation, and
troubleshooting.

Developer Instructions

The list of third-party operating systems that are supported by Dell EMC
PowerSwitch series is:

• SONiC - Open Source Networking Operating System (NOS) based on Linux

• Cumulus operating system- Full-featured Linux operating system from Cumulus
• Switch Light operating system from Big Switch Networks.

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 Third Party Operating Systems Supported by Dell EMC PowerSwitch Series

• ZebOS network software platform from IP Infusion

• Netvisor operating system from Pruritus Networks
• Enterprise MidoNet platform from Midokura

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Third Party Operating Systems Supported by Dell EMC PowerSwitch Series

Open Networking Install Environment(ONIE)

ONIE (Open Networking Install

Environment) is an open-source
platform that can be used to
install network operating
systems.

• It is based on a streamlined
Linux operating system.
• Primary role of ONIE is as a
Network operating system
Installer.
• It provides access to the
switch OOB network port
(eth0) and USB port.
• ONIE is preinstalled on Dell
“-ON” switches.

Video: Dell EMC networking portfolio

Dell Networking Introduction

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 Knowledge Check: Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Knowledge Check: Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Dell Networking Introduction

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Knowledge Check: Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Question

1. Which series of Dell EMC PowerSwitch is designed for campus networking?

a. S-Series
b. N-Series
c. Z-Series
d. X-Series

Dell Networking Introduction

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 Knowledge Check: Dell EMC Networking Portfolio

Question

2. The primary function of ONIE is to install network operating systems. True or

False
a. True
b. False

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Summary

Summary

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 Summary

Summary

In this module, we

• Identified the components of a network

• Outlined different network topologies
• Reviewed the OSI and TCP/IP networking models
• Compared the features of TCP and UDP
• Reviewed the Dell EMC networking portfolio

Dell Networking Introduction

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Appendix

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Appendix

Hub Example

Switch Hub

A B C D E

The image shows a topology with five PCs connected with a hub and a switch. A
frame sent by PC-D to PC-E would be received by PC-E and the switch. The frame
that is received by the switch is received by all the PCs connected to the switch.
(PC-A, B & C.)

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 Appendix

Switch Operation

Switch Hub

A B C D E

When a device is connected to a switch, the switch stores the physical address in
its memory. The physical address is a unique identifier for each device. When a
device sends a packet to another device, the switch reads its frame header and
compares it with a list of addresses that are stored in memory to determine the
destination device and corresponding port. Once the exact port is determined the
switch sends the packet through the appropriate ports to the destination device.

This image shows a topology that includes five PCs, a switch, and a hub. In this
example, a frame that is sent by PC-A to PC-C would be received by both PC-C
only. The switch does not forward the frame to the hub. Hence PC-D and PC-E will
not receive the frame that is sent by PC-A.

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Appendix

Stateful Firewalls Mode

Internal Network

Internet 0 100

Joe

The image here shows stateful operation of the firewall. Joe wants to connect to the
Internet to watch a YouTube video. The firewall allows YouTube traffic into your
private network since this is a reply to request from Joe.

To configure a stateful firewall:

• Configure the interface pointing to Internet as trust level 0 (not trusted).

• Configure the interface pointing to internal network as trust level 100 (trusted).

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 Appendix

Underlay Networks
The underlay is a physical network that delivers the data between different portions
of the overlay network. It provides access between different customer locations, but
keeps the data separate between different customers.

• An underlay network was built using the 3-Tier Model (Access, Distribution, and
Core).
• An Underlay network that is seen as the underlying physical links that exist in
your network environment
• Some examples of an underlay network are: BGP leaf-spine and MPLS.

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Appendix

Overlay Networks
IT has used multitenancy and virtualization to become more efficient and scalable
to meet the demands of customers. These virtualized networks are typically
flexible, as new virtualized applications, servers, and networks are added, deleted,
and modified at a brisk pace. This virtual network is called an overlay network. The
services that are offered to customers and end users generally exist in the overlay
network.

• Overlay Network is typically created using VRF, MPLS-VPN, or VxLAN

technology.
• Some examples of an overlay network are: VMware NSX-T, VMware NSX-V,
and Hyper-V.

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 Appendix

OSI Layers
The tabs describe the functions of each layer of the OSI model. To learn more, click
each tab:

OSI Model

Layer 7 Application Layer

Layer 6 Presentation Layer

Layer 5 Session Layer

Layer 4 Transport Layer

Layer 3 Network Layer

Layer 2 Data Link Layer

Layer 1 Physical Layer

Physical

Layer 1 Physical Layer - Defines the standards for the physical media that connect
systems (cables, wireless, and so on) the equipment that is used to connect
systems to the media (Network Interface Cards, or NICs) and the electrical
signaling used as the form of communication.

Data Link

Layer 2 Data Link Layer - Provides the functional and procedural means to transfer
data between network entities and to detect and possibly correct errors that may
occur in the Physical Layer. The Data Link Layer is responsible for the unique
identification of each device that resides on a local network.

Network

Layer 3 Network Layer - Provides the function and procedural means of transferring
variable length data sequences from a source to destination by one or more

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Appendix

networks by routing. Here also lies the responsibility for maintaining the quality of
service that is requested by the Transport Layer. The Internet Protocol, are IP
operates at this layer.

Transport

Layer 4 Transport Layer - Provides transparent transfer of data between end users.
A protocol can be included at this layer to provide reliable data transfer services to
the upper layers. This is known as quality of service. The protocol that is typically
applied is the Transmission Control Protocol, or TCP. Other protocols can be used
at this layer. The next most popular protocol is the User Datagram Protocol, or
UDP.

Session

Layer 5 Session Layer - Controls the connections between systems. It establishes,

manages, and terminates the connections between the local and remote
application.

Presentation

Layer 6 Presentation Layer - Establishes a context between the Application layer

entities in which the high-layer entities can use different syntax and semantics. It
acts as a data translator for a network that converts the data from one presentation
format to another format.

Application

Layer 7 Application Layer - The layer closest to the end user, this layer is the
interface between the networked user data and the user application on the device.

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 Appendix

TCP/IP Layers
The tabs describe the functions of each layer of the TCP/IP model. To learn more,
click each tab:

TCP/IP Model

Layer 5 Application Layer

Layer 4 Transport layer

Layer 3 Network Layer

Layer 2 Data Link Layer

Layer 1 Physical Layer

Physical Layer

The physical layer specifies the characteristics of the hardware to be used for the
network. The physical layer is responsible for encoding the data for transmission to
the destination device and the transmission rate. The physical layer transmits the
data either electrically, optically or as radio waves.

Data Link Layer

Provides the functional and procedural means to transfer data between network
entities and to detect and possibly correct errors that may occur in the Physical
Layer. This is the layer where connection between devices in a network is ensured
through switches. Data link layer uses Ethernet Protocol to efficiently send data
packets(Ethernet frames). The datalink layer uses MAC addresses to identify the
source and destination devices. Ethernet protocol verifies the identity of the device
(MAC address-Hardware address) before sending the data packets to the
destination device.

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Appendix

Network Layer

The network layer is responsible moving data from one network to another network.
The routing function is associated with network Layer. The network layer uses
Internet Protocol (IP) to find the correct network where the destination device is
present through routers which connect the networks.

Transport Layer

The transport layer is responsible for end-to-end communication and error-free

delivery of data across the network. The transport protocols include:
• Transport Control Protocol (TCP)
• User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

Since TCP is connection-oriented, it is more reliable and is responsible for

sequencing and acknowledgment of packets that are sent and recovery of packets
lost. UDP is connectionless and is used if an application does not require reliable
transport.

Application Layer

The application layer provides applications the ability to access services of the
other layers. This layer defines the protocols that applications use to exchange
data.
Most common protocols include:
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
• Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

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 Appendix

Comparison of TCP/IP Model with OSI Model

OSI Reference Model Protocol Data Units TCP/IP Model

Application Layer
Application Layer
Presentation Layer Data

Session Layer

Transport Layer Segment TCP/UDP Transport Layer

Network Layer Packet Network Layer

Data Link Layer Frame Data Link Layer

Physical Layer Bit Physical Layer

In a layered network model, both data and protocol information for a layer is
packaged in a Protocol Data Unit or PDU. The protocol information for the layer is
put in a header, and the header is attached to the front of the data. The entire PDU
is passed down to the next layer. Again, protocol information for the layer is put into
a header and attached at the beginning of the data to form a PDU for that layer.
This new PDU is passed to the next below layer.

The information size grows as it is encapsulated and passed from layer to layer.
After reaching the bottom layer, the final PDU is ready to exit onto the network
media. All data is encoded onto a serial bit stream and is placed onto the media as
electrical or optical on and off pulses.

The reverse process happens at the receiving device. The data comes in through
Layer 1 and is passed up to Layer 2. Layer 2 removes the Layer 2 header and
parses the Layer 2 protocol information. The remaining information is sent up to
Layer 3, where the Layer 3 header is removed and the Layer 3 protocol information
is parsed. This procedure continues up the stack. Each source layer in this network
model communicates logically with the same layer in the destination device.

In the TCP/IP model, the Layer 4 PDU is called a TCP segment. The Layer 3 PDU
is called an IP packet, and the Layer 2 PDU is called an Ethernet frame. Layer 1 is
always data bits. The header has layer-specific information like addressing,
formatting, and various switches and flags.

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Appendix

Transmitters and receivers use the OSI in the same way. The sender nests PDUs
on the way to the network and the receiver decapsulates them and passes them
through its own OSI stack.

The following table shows the comparison between OSI and TCP/IP Model.

OSI Model TCP/IP Model

The OSI is typically thought of a The TCP/IP model is the implementation of

conceptual model that is used to the OSI model that is originally designed to
describe, discuss, and understand solve several problems and not to act as a
individual functions of the network. description.

The model was developed first and The protocols were developed first, and then
then the protocols in each layer the model was developed.
were developed.

The transport layer guarantees the The transport layer does not guarantees
delivery of packets. delivery of packets.

OSI model provides both TCP/IP model network layer only provides
connection less and connection- connection fewer services.
oriented services.

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 Appendix

Example Protocols
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): HTTP is an application-layer protocol for
transmitting hypermedia documents, such as HTML. HTTP is designed for
communication between web browsers and web servers.

POP (Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3): The POP3 enables an email client to
download an email from an email server

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol(SMTP): The SMTP protocol is used by the Mail
Transfer Agent (MTA) to deliver an e-Mail to the recipient's mail server. The SMTP
protocol is only used to send email messages, not to receive them.

Remote Operation Service Element(ROSE): ROSE is a protocol that provides

remote operation capabilities that enable an application to invoke an operation to
be performed by a remote peer application and to receive a report of the results.

Remote Database Access(RDA): The RDA is a communications protocol for

remote database access that provides standard protocols for establishing a remote
connection between a database client and a database server.

Network Basic Input/Output System(NetBIOS): NetBIOS Protocol enables

applications on separate systems to communicate over a local area network (LAN).
NetBIOS runs over TCP/IP giving each device in the network a NetBIOS name and
IP address. It provides session and transport services as described in OSI model.

Remote Procedure Call (RPC): RPC is a protocol that one program can use to
request a service from a program that is located in another system on a network
without having to understand the network's details. RPC is used to call other
processes on the remote systems like a local system.

User Datagram Protocol(UDP): The UDP, is a communication protocol that is

used across the Internet for the real-time services like system gaming, voice, or
video communication, live conferences. It speeds up communications by not
formally establishing a connection before data is transferred. UDP permits packets
to be dropped instead of processing delayed packets. There is no error checking in
UDP and it also save bandwidth.

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Appendix

Internetwork Packet Exchange(IPX): The IPX is a networking protocol that

provides packet switching and sequencing for small and large networks. IPX was
designed as an alternative to TCP/IP.

IPsec (Internet Protocol Security): IPsec is a suite of protocols and algorithms

that are used for securing the data that is transmitted over Internet or any public
network. IPsec provides security for routers sending routing data across the public
Internet. IPsec ensures the integrity, confidentiality, and authentication of data
communications over an IP network.

Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP): PPP is a communication protocol that resides in

the Data Link Layer and used to transmit multiprotocol data between two directly
connected (point-to-point) systems.

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 Appendix

Termination - Four Steps

TCP Connection Termination

Handshake-1

The TCP connection termination segment uses four-way handshake. The sender
and receiver side terminates the connection independently. In this example,

The client sends a FIN bit.

Handshake-2

The server end acknowledges with an ACK bit. A pair of FIN and ACK bits are
required from both of the TCP endpoints to perform the graceful termination. After
the server's acknowledgment, the server will no longer accept the data form the
client.

Handshake-3

The server terminates the connection by transmitting the FIN bit and the total
sequence.

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Appendix

Handshake-4

The client acknowledges the server's request and terminates the connection.

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 Appendix

X-Series Models

X1008 X1018 Series X1026 Series X1052 Series X4012 Series

Series

- Eight - 18 1Gb Ports - 26 1Gb Ports - 52 1Gb Ports - 12 10Gb

1Gb Ports - Two SFP Ports - Two SFP Ports - Four Ports
- No SFP - Up to 36 Gbps - Up to 52 Gbps SFP/SFP+ - 12
Ports fabric capacity fabric capacity Ports SFP/SFP+
- Up to 16 - X1018P offers - X1026P offers - Up to 176 Ports
Gbps optional PoE. optional PoE Gbps fabric - Up to 240
fabric and PoE+. capacity Gbps fabric
capacity - X1052P offers capacity
- X1008P optional PoE - High-speed
offers and PoE+. server connect
optional or networking
PoE. aggregation

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Appendix

N1100 Series Models

Dell EMC PowerSwitch Dell EMC PowerSwitch Dell EMC PowerSwitch

N1108T-ON N1124T-ON N1148T-ON

- 8x 10/100/1000Mbps - 24x 10/100/1000Mbps - 48x 10/100/1000Mbps

half/full duplex RJ45 ports half/full duplex RJ45 port half/full duplex RJ45 ports
plus 2x GbE RJ45 and 2x - 4x SFP/SFP+ 1/10GbE - 4x SFP/SFP+ 1/10GbE
GbE SFP interfaces. port ports
- Dell EMC PowerSwitch - Dell EMC PowerSwitch - Dell EMC PowerSwitch
N1108EP-ON offers 8x N1124P-ON offers 12x N1148T-ON offers24x
PoE/PoE+ RJ45 ports. PoE/PoE+ ports. PoE/PoE+ ports

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 Appendix

N1500 Series Models

Dell EMC PowerSwitch N1524 Dell EMC PowerSwitch N1548

- 24 RJ45 10/100/1000Mb autosensing - 48 RJ45 10/100/1000Mb autosensing

ports ports
- Up to 128 Gbps fabric capacity - Up to 176 Gbps fabric capacity
-Dell EMC PowerSwitch N1524P offers -Dell EMC PowerSwitch N1548P offers
optional PoE. optional PoE.

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Appendix

N2000 Series Models

Dell EMC PowerSwitch Dell EMC PowerSwitch Dell EMC

N2024 N2048 PowerSwitch
N2128PX-ON

- 24 RJ45 10/100/1000Mb - 48 RJ45 - 24 RJ45

autosensing ports 10/100/1000Mb 10/100/1000Mb
- Up to 172 Gbps fabric autosensing ports autosensing ports
capacity - Up to 220 Gbps fabric PoE+ + 4 x
- Dell EMC PowerSwitch capacity 100/1000/2.5G/5G
N2024Poffers optional PoE -Dell EMC PowerSwitch (PoE) + 2 x 10 Gigabit
N2048P offers optional SFP+
PoE. -Up to 192 Gbps fabric
capacity
- N2128PX-ON offers
PoE and PoE+

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 Appendix

N3000 Series Models

Dell EMC Dell EMC PowerSwitch Dell EMC PowerSwitch

PowerSwitch N3048EP-ON N3132PX-ON
N3024ET-ON

- 24 1GbE RJ45 Ports - 12 RJ45 - 24 RJ45 10/100/1000Mb

- Up to 212 Gbps 10/100/1000Mb autosensing PoE 60 W ports +
fabric capacity autosensing PoE 60 W Eight RJ45
- Dell EMC ports + 36 RJ45 10/100/1000/2500/5000Mb
PowerSwitch 10/100/1000Mb autosensing PoE 60 W ports-
N3024EP-ON offers 12 autosensing PoE+ ports Four integrated 10 GbE SFP+
RJ45 10/100/1000Mb - Up to 260 Gbps fabric ports
autosensing PoE 60 W capacity - Up to 328 Gbps fabric
ports + 12 RJ45 capacity
10/100/1000Mb
autosensing PoE+
ports.
- Dell EMC
PowerSwitch
N3024EF-ON offers 24
SFP 1000 Mb
autosensing ports.

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Appendix

Dell EMC PowerSwitch N4032/N4032F Dell EMC PowerSwitch

N4064/N4064F

- 24 10GbE RJ45/10GbE SFP+ - 48 10GbE RJ45/48 10GbE

autosensing (10Gb/1Gb) fixed ports SFP+ autosensing (10Gb/1Gb) fixed
-Up to 32 10GbE ports using breakout ports
cables and optional QSFP+ module - Up to 64 10GbE ports using breakout
- One hot swap expansion module bay cables, integrated QSFP+ ports and
- Dual hot-swappable redundant power optional QSFP+ module
supplies (460 W) Two 40GbE QSFP+ fixed ports
One hot swap expansion module bay
Dual hot-swappable redundant power
supplies (460 W)

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 Appendix

1GBE Models
Dell EMC PowerSwitch S Series 1 GbE switches are optimized for high-
performance data-center environments:
• Deliver low-latency, superb performance, and high density with hardware and
software redundancy.
• Offer Active Fabric designs using S- or Z-Series core switches to create a two-
tier, 1/10/40 GbE data-center network architecture.
• Provide ideal solutions for ToR applications in enterprise, Web 2.0, and cloud
service providers’ data-center networks.

Dell EMC PowerSwitch 3048-ON Dell EMC PowerSwitch S3100 series

- Dell EMC PowerSwitch S3124: 24x

- 48 x 1000BASE-T, 4 x SFP+, 1 x AC RJ45 10/100/1000Mb
- Dell EMC PowerSwitch S3124F: 24x
1000-SX (up to 500 m distance) or 1000-
LX (up to 10 km distance) SFP GbE ports
- Dell EMC PowerSwitch S3124P: 24x
RJ45 10/100/1000Mb PoE+
- Dell EMC PowerSwitch S3148: 48x
RJ45 10/100/1000Mb
- Dell EMC PowerSwitch S3148P: 48x
RJ45 10/100/1000Mb PoE+

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Appendix

10GBE Models
Deploy modern workloads and applications that are designed for the open
networking era with an optimized data-center top-of-rack (ToR) networking solution
that:
• Includes the 10GbE S4000-ON Series and S4100-ON Series switches, 1/10G
BASE-T S4048T-ON, S4128T-ON and S4148T-ON switches, and 10GbE
S4148FE, S4248FB-ON, and S4248FLB-ON switch
• The S4148U-ON has Fibre Channel ports for connections to Storage Area
Networks.
• Delivers low-latency, superb performance, and high density with hardware and
software redundancy
• Offers Active Fabric designs using S- or Z-Series core switches to create a two-
tier, 1/10/40 GbE data center network architecture.
• Provides an ideal solution for applications in high-performance data-center and
computing environments.

Dell EMC PowerSwitch S4048- Dell EMC Dell EMC PowerSwitch

ON PowerSwitch S4200-ON
S4100-ON

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 Appendix

- Available in 12, 28, - 40x 10 GbE SFP+, 2x

- 48x 10 GbE SFP+, 6x QSFP+ and 48-port versions. QSFP+, 6x 100 GbE
- Up to 720 Gbps performance - Dell EMC QSFP28
- Dell EMC PowerSwitch PowerSwitch - Available in both I/O
S4048T-ON supports 48 x S4112F-ON supports Panel to PSU Airflow
10GBase-T ports, 6 x 40 GbE 12 x 10 GbE ports and PSU to I/O Panel
ports. and 3 x 100 GbE models
ports. - Dell EMC
- Dell EMC PowerSwitch
PowerSwitch S4248FB-ON with deep
S4112F-ON supports buffers for optimum
12 x 10 GbE ports performance and
and 3 x 100 GbE connectivity
ports. -Dell EMC
- Dell EMC PowerSwitch
PowerSwitch S4248FBL-ON with
S4112T-ON supports deep buffers and large
12 x 10GBase-T tables for optimum
ports and 3 x 100 performance and low-
GbE ports. cost WAN and SDN
- Dell EMC connectivity.
PowerSwitch
S4128F-ON supports
28 x 10 GbE SFP+
ports and 2 x 100
GbE QSFP28 ports.
- Dell EMC
PowerSwitch
S4128T-ON supports
28 x 10GBase-T
ports, 2 x 40 GbE
QSFP+ ports, 2 x
100 GbE QFSP28
ports.
- Dell EMC
PowerSwitch
S4148T-ON supports
48 x 10GBase-T
ports, 2 x 40 GbE
QFSP+ ports, 4 x
100 GbEIntroduction
Dell Networking QFSP28
© Copyright 2021 Dell Inc.
ports.
Page 83
- Dell EMC
Appendix

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 Appendix

25,40,50,100GbE Models
Gain the flexibility to transform data centers with high-capacity network fabrics that
are easy to deploy, cost-effective, and provide a clear path to a software-defined
data center. They offer:
• High density for 40 GbE deployments in ToR, middle-of-row, and end-of-row
deployments
• A choice of S6000-ON and S6010-ON 40 GbE switches and the S6100-ON
10/25/40/50/100GbE modular switch
• S6100-ON modules that include: 16-port 40GbE QSFP+; 8-port 100GbE
QSFP28; combo module with four 100GbE CXP ports and four 100GbE
QSFP28 ports
• An ideal solution for modern workloads and applications that are designed for
the open networking era

Dell EMC PowerSwitch Dell EMC Dell EMC Dell EMC

S5048F-ON PowerSwitch PowerSwitch PowerSwitch
S5148F-ON S6010-ON S6100-ON

- 48x 25 GbE SFP+, 6x 100 - 48x 25 GbE - 32-Port 40G - 32-port 100G
GbE QSFP28 SFP+, 6x 100 QSFP+ Ports QSFP+
- Available in both I/O Panel GbE QSFP28 - Available in both - Available in
to PSU Airflow and PSU to - Available in I/O Panel to PSU both I/O Panel
I/O Panel models both I/O Airflow and PSU to to PSU Airflow
Panel to PSU I/O Panel models and PSU to I/O
Airflow and Panel models
PSU to I/O
Panel models

Dell EMC PowerSwitch Dell EMC Dell EMC Dell EMC

S5248F-ON PowerSwitch PowerSwitch PowerSwitch
S5296F-ON S5232F-ON S5224F-ON

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Appendix

Provide optimum flexibility Double the Build a high- Optimize

and cost-effectiveness for number of performance, cost- connectivity,
demanding compute and direct 25 GbE efficient data center cost, and
storage traffic environments ports with this leaf/spine fabric performance
with this ToR switch. ToR switch. with this spine with this ToR
Features include 48 x 25 Features fabric switch. switch.
GbE SFP28 ports, 4 x 100 include 96 x Features include Features
GbE QSFP28 ports and 2 x 25 GbE 32 x 100 GbE include 24 x 25
100 GbE QFSP28-DD SFP28 ports QSFP28 ports. GbE SFP28
ports. and 8 x 100 ports and 4 x
GbE QSFP28 100 GbE
ports. QSFP28 ports.

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 Appendix

Z-Series Models

Developer Instructions

Dell EMC Power Switch Z9100-ON Dell EMC Power Switch Z9264F-ON
Multirate Fabric Switch Multirate Fabric Switch

- Open networking, SDN-ready fixed - High-performance, high-density open

form factor switch networking 100 GbE multirate switch
- Built for applications in high- - Optimized for nonblocking 100 GbE
performance data centers and modern leaf/spine fabrics and high-density
computing environment 25/50GbE in-rack server and storage
- High density with up to 32 ports of connections
100 GbE in 1RU - 2RU high-density 100 GbE fabric switch
- Multirate switch offering with up to 64 ports of 100 GbE QSFP28
10/25/40/50/100GbE options or up to 128 ports of 1/10/25/40/50GbE
- Choice of leading network operating ports
systems to simplify data center fabric
orchestration and automation

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Appendix

VEP Product Line Portfolio Overview

Two VEP models

VEP1400 VEP4600

Front Front

Back
Back

• Up to 16 Core • Up to 16 Core
• Fan less • Short depth
• 6+ GbE—all Intel® • 6+ GbE—all DPDK supported
Data Plane • Internal SSD up to 1024G
Development Kit
(DPDK) supported • DDR4 ECC memory

• Internal SSD up to • PCIe for upgradability

128G • WiFi and LTE options using USB
• DDR4 ECC memory
• WiFi and LTE options

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 Appendix

C-Series Models

Dell Networking C9010. Dell Networking C1048P

- 10-slot network director capable of holding - 48 1GbE PoE+ capable rapid

C9000 24-port or 6-port line cards access node
- Provides centralized management and - Two SFP+ ports
redundant infrastructure services to the line - Two stacking ports
cards (such as PSU, fans so on) - One integrated 1000 W power
- One Route Processor Module(RPM), one AC supply
PSU, three fans
- Hot-swappable fan, RPM, line card, and
power supplies

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Appendix

1/10Gb Ethernet Blade Switches

Models Features

Dell Networking 1 Gb Ethernet Pass- -1.0 Gbit/sec line speed with backward
Through compatibility to 100 and 10 Mbit/sec line
speed
-Ethernet connectivity of Dell server with
the Gigabit Ethernet Pass-Through Module

Dell Networking M6348 Ethernet -1Gb Ethernet switch with up to 48 ports

Blade Switch (32 internal), stacking of up to 12 modules,
simple mode, and 16 external fixed
10/100/1000Mb Ethernet RJ45 ports to
support 32 internal server GbEconnections
supplied by quad-port Gigabit Ethernet
adapters plus up to four 10Gb uplink ports.
-Used in data centers deploying blade
servers requiring fewer switch modules
with increased server networking ports.

For more information, Click Here.

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 Appendix

10/40Gb Ethernet Blade Switches

Models Features

Dell Networking 10 Gb Basic Switch -Unified fabric deployments, such as

(PowerConnect M8024-K) converged Ethernet environments
supporting virtualization, iSCSI
storage, and 10 Gb traffic
aggregation.
-Converged 1/10Gb Ethernet switch
with up to 24-10GE ports (16
internal), converged FCoE (transit to
ToR), stacking of up to six modules,
FlexIO technology, and simple
mode.

Dell Networking MXL 10/40GbE blade -Virtualization benefits in M1000e

switch blade deployments plus more
bandwidth to critical network links
with Dell Networking MXL 10/40GbE
switch.
-Converged 1/10/40Gb Ethernet
switch with up to 56-10GE ports (32
internal), converged iSCSI and FCoE
(transit to ToR), 320 Gb stacking of
up to six switches, FlexIO
technology, and PVST+ industry
standard spanning tree. 32 internal
10GE ports.

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Appendix

Cisco Nexus B22DELL Blade Fabric -The Cisco Nexus® B22DELL Fabric
Extender Extenders behave as remote line
cards for a parent Cisco Nexus®
5000 switch.
-16 internal 10 GbE ports and 8
external 10 GbE ports; provides 10
GbE connectivity to Cisco Nexus
5500 series infrastructure.
-Ease the commissioning and
decommissioning of blades through
a single point of management, zero-
touch installation and automatic
configuration of fabric extenders.

10 Gb Ethernet Pass-Through I-O Module -10 GbE Pass-Through module for

for M-Series Blades Dell M-Series blades Connecting to
XAUI-based 10 GbE mezzanine
cards (10 Gb Ethernet Pass-Through
II) and KR-based 10 GbE mezzanine
cards.

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 Appendix

Dell PowerEdge M I/O Aggregator -Simplifies network management and

increase server bandwidth enabling
easy, plug-and-play data center
convergence.
-Supports Active System Manager
and CMC Aggregator UI. 1/10 Gb
Ethernet connectivity with Zero touch
FCoE and converged iSCSI
deployment. 32 internal 10GE ports.

For more information, Click Here.

Dell Networking Introduction

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Appendix

Fibre Channel and InfiniBand Blade Switches

Models Features

Brocade M6505 Fibre Channel Switch -16 Gbps Fibre Channel connectivity
across servers, storage, and SAN as
needed, without increasing the existing
data center footprint.

Dell 8-4 Gbps FC Pass-Through -8/4Gbps Fiber Channel Pass-Through

Module Module for M1000e Blade Enclosure.

Mellanox InfiniBand blade switches -High bandwidth and low latency across
InfiniBand-connected server nodes in
M1000e blade chassis high-performance
computing (HPC) cluster.

For more information, Click Here.

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 Appendix

PowerEdge MX7000 Chassis Features

The features of the MX7000 chassis are:

• Hosts flexible blocks of server and storage resources while providing

outstanding efficiencies through shared power, cooling, networking, I/O, and
management within the chassis itself.
• 7U modular enclosure has 8 front-accessible, single-width bays that
accommodate variety of compute and storage sleds.
• The rear of the chassis provides six slots for network switches.
• Support for at least three-server processor microarchitecture generations and
ready for 400 Gb Ethernet and beyond.
• Support for 3 I/O fabrics A, B, and C, each with redundant modules. A and B
fabrics are reserved for switches, C fabric for storage.

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Appendix

Ethernet Switching

MX9916n
Fabric A

MX7116n

MX5108n

Ethernet Passthrough

Fabric B
25Gb PTM

10 Gb TPM

• There are no internal cables or midplane for Fabric A or B. Blade Servers

connect directly into the Fabric switches in the rear

• Population rules about what types of switches can co-habit in a chassis is

available in product specifications.
• Multiple FEMs (Fabric Expansion Modules) can be connected to a single FSE
(Fabric Switching Engine). This enables for centralized and standard network
configuration across multiple chassis units.

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 Appendix

Dell EMC Networking MX5108n Ethernet Switch

The Dell EMC Networking MX5108n Ethernet Switch is a high-performance, low

latency single chassis 25 Gbps Ethernet switch purpose-built for the PowerEdge™
MX platform providing enhanced capabilities and cost-effectiveness for enterprise
and mid-market environments with traditional compute traffic environments.

The nonblocking switching architecture in the MX5108n provides line-rate 25 GbE

L2 and L3 forwarding capacity with no oversubscription and a sub 800 ns latency.

• Switch layout
– 8 x 25 GbE server facing ports
– 1 x 40 GbE port
– 2 x 100 GbE ports
– 4 x 10GBase-T ports
• Dell EMC Networking OS10
• Supports Open Networking, Full Switch, and SmartFabric operating modes

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Appendix

MX9116n Fabric Switching Engine

The Dell EMC Networking MX9116n Fabric Switching Engine is a scalable, high-
performance, low latency 25 Gbps Ethernet switch purpose-built for the
PowerEdge™ MX platform providing enhanced capabilities and cost-effectiveness
for the enterprise, mid-market, Tier 2 cloud and NFV service providers with
demanding compute and storage traffic environments.

Starting at two chassis, the MX9116n can scale to 10 chassis in a scalable fabric,
and then to dozens as part of a Spine/Leaf fabric.

The nonblocking switching architecture in the MX9116n provides line-rate 25 GbE

L2 and L3 forwarding capacity to all connected servers with no oversubscription
and a sub 450 ns latency.

• Switch layout
– 16 x 25 GbE server-facing ports
– 12 x Fabric Expansion ports
– 2 x 100 GbE ports
– 2 x 100GbE/8 x 32G FC unified ports
• Dell EMC Networking OS10

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 Appendix

MX7116n Fabric Expander Module

The Dell EMC Networking MX7116n Fabric Expander Module is a key component
in the MX Scalable Fabric Architecture. The MX7116n extends the capabilities of
the MX9116n Fabric Switching Engine to a total of ten MX7000 chassis, and 80
PowerEdge MX compute sleds.

The MX7116n extends that capability to additional MX7000 chassis, adding less
than 75 ns of latency for a total of less than 600 ns latency between any two
compute sleds in a Scalable Fabric.

The MX7116n does not run an operating system or have firmware that requires
frequent updating to keep “synchronized” with the Fabric Switching Engine. It is
transparently managed by the MX7000 infrastructure and does not require user
configuration.

• Module layout
– 16 x 25 GbE server facing ports
– Two Fabric Expansion ports
• No switch operating system

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Appendix

Dell EMC MXG610S Fibre Channel Switch

The Dell EMC Networking MXG610s 32G Fibre Channel I/O Module for the
PowerEdge MX7000 is the right choice for mission-critical applications accessing
data on external storage.

• Provides industry-leading performance with the latest generation of Fibre

Channel.
• Empowers enterprises to dynamically scale connectivity and bandwidth with
Ports-on-Demand (PoD).
• Provides consolidated management for an agile management structure and
simplified server and storage connectivity.

The MXG610s comes in three models to meet the specific needs of organizations:
8-port, 16-port, and 16-port enterprise licensed models.

• Module layout

– 16 external ports supporting 8 Gbps, 16 Gbps, and 32 Gbps speeds using

eight SFPs and two QSFPs.
– 16 internal ports supporting 16 Gbps and 32 Gbps speeds

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 Appendix

Open Networking SONiC

SONiC is an open-source network operating system that is based on Debian Linux
that runs on switches from multiple vendors. SONiC offers a full feature set that has
been in use in the data centers of some of the largest cloud service providers.
Since it is open-source, SONiC helps users leverage the collective strength and
take advantage of the vast ecosystem and community.

SONiC is designed with networking software components to meet the requirements

of a cloud data center. SONiC is built on top of the Switch Abstraction Interface
(SAI) layer, which defines a standardized Application Programming Interface (API)
for Network Processing Units (NPUs). Network hardware companies can use
SONiC to rapidly develop innovative hardware platforms using the programming
interface to the ASIC (ASIC). As multiple vendors now support this API, SONiC can
work across various ASIC platforms naturally.

SONiC is an open-source network operating system that is based on Debian Linux

that runs on switches from multiple vendors. Operators can plug in new third-party,
proprietary, or open-sourced software components, with minimum effort, and tailor
SONiC to their specific needs.

Benefits of SONiC are:

• Hardware independence
• Scales with ease.

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Appendix

• Open-source
• High performance
• Agility with a flexible management framework

Enterprise SONiC Distribution based on SONiC is an offering from Dell

Technologies. Enterprise SONiC Distribution helps IT organizations to run their
business with the innovation, automation, and reliability that comes from a
commercial offering of SONiC with production-ready enterprise feature
enhancements, hardening, and global support targeted for demanding data center
leaf and spine fabrics.

The following switch models are

Supported in version SONiC-OS-3.2.

Dell EMC Model Number Role Interfaces

PowerSwitch Series

PowerSwitch S S5212F-ON, Leaf 25 GbE

series: S5224F-ON,
S5248F-ON,
S5296F-ON

S5232F-ON Leaf or Spine 100 GbE

PowerSwitch Z series: Z9264F-ON Spine 100 GbE

Z9100-ON Spine 100 GbE

Z9332F-ON Spine 400 GbE

PowerSwitch N series N3248TE-ON Management 1 GbaseT

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 Appendix

Cumulus Linux Operating System

Dell offers Linux savvy customers greater choice in networking with the Cumulus’
full-featured Linux operating system. The Cumulus operating system helps the
customer to build, manage, and automate massive-capacity, next-generation data
center networks.

Cumulus Linux is the first full-featured Linux operating system for data center
networks which can run seamlessly over industry standard switches to help deliver
high capacity fabrics with attractive price-performance and ROI metrics. The
Cumulus operating system leverages a large ecosystem of native Linux
applications and automation tools to drive new levels of innovation bringing needed
flexibility and agility to the data center. This new disaggregated model helps
organizations deploy next-generation workloads on rich data center networking
solutions that are built on large-scale Clos fabrics and new data center
architectures. Cumulus Linux empowers customers to build a modern, scalable
data center bringing the server, virtual machine paradigms of manageability,
clustering, monitoring, and orchestration to networking.

Together Dell and Cumulus are transforming the network with an innovative
solution that combines the industry’s first, full-featured Linux operating system with
the market leading and field tested Dell Ethernet switching platforms. Dell with
Cumulus helps organizations realize the full potential of a software-defined data
center today.

Network Virtualization Network Orchestration

Routing Automation Monitoring

Linux apps/ Third Party Apps

Cumulus Linux

Hardware

Dell Hardware

Dell and Cumulus open networking solution disaggregating networking gear from operating system

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Appendix

Cumulus Linux is a full-featured Linux operating system for data center networks
which can run seamlessly over industry standard switches.

• Cumulus Networks is now owned by NVIDIA, and the operating system is called
as NVIDIA Cumulus Linux.
• Cumulus Linux operating system empowers customers to build a modern,
scalable data center bringing the server, virtual machine paradigms of
manageability, clustering, monitoring, and orchestration to networking.
• Cumulus Linux operating system offers disaggregated hardware + software
data center networking solution empowering organizations to deploy modern
workloads and applications that are designed for the open networking era.
• List of Dell EMC PoweSwitches supporting Cumulus operating system are:
− Dell EMC PowerSwitch S-3048–ON
− Dell EMC PowerSwitch S-4810-ON
− Dell EMC PowerSwitch S-6000-ON
− Dell EMC PowerSwitch S-6010-ON
• Combination of S4810-ON and S6000-ON networking switches with Cumulus
Linux has the following benefits:

− Power of choice
− Flexibility
− Accelerated innovation

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 Appendix

Switch Light Operating System

Switch Light is a Linux-based, thin switching software solution that provides
consistent data plane programming abstractions across merchant silicon-based
physical switches and hypervisor vSwitches. Switch Light can be installed on
various physical switch platforms using the KVM hypervisor on Intel x86 platforms.

List of Dell EMC PoweSwitches supporting Switch Light operating system are:

• Dell EMC PowerSwitch S3048 ON

• Dell EMC PowerSwitch S4810-ON
• Dell EMC PowerSwitch S6000–ON
• Dell EMC PowerSwitch S6010–ON

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Appendix

ZebOS
ZebOS is software-based routing and switching platform from IP infusion that is
used in data center network. ZebOS is built on a software defined networking
architecture. It includes hardware and embedded operating system abstraction
layers to enable communication with the underlying operating system or network
processor.

The ZebOS features include:

• Split control-plane design

• Modularity and programmability
• High degree of scalability
• Hardware abstraction to operate on various silicon-switching chipsets
• Embedded operating system (operating system) abstraction to run on various
control processors

List of Dell EMC PoweSwitches supporting ZebOS operating system are:

• Dell EMC PowerSwitch S3048 ON

• Dell EMC PowerSwitch S6000–ON
• Dell EMC PowerSwitch S6010–ON

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 Appendix

Netvisor Operating System

Netvisor operating system is an open distributed-network operating system with
bare-metal hardware programmability, bare-metal hypervisor virtualization, and
hardware independence like a server operating system.

The Netvisor operating system has following network fabric capabilities:

• Clustering to simplify the complexity of the physical network topology

• Switch fabric virtualization to virtualize bare metal of an entire cluster of
switches
• Advanced analytics for monitoring the fabric
• UNIX-style, high-performance programmability, and control of the network
switch fabric.

List of Dell EMC PoweSwitches supporting Netvisor operating system are:

• Dell EMC PowerSwitch S6000–ON

• Dell EMC PowerSwitch S6010–ON

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Appendix

Enterprise MidoNet Platform

MidoNet is an open-source network virtualization platform for Infrastructure-as-a
service(IaaS) clouds. Enterprise MidoNet platform is a commercial product from
midokura combining the most stable, production-hardened version of MidoNet for
Network Virtualization. Network virtualization with Midokura Enterprise MidoNet and
the Dell data center S6000 switches provides the programmability, automation, and
cloud scalability to meet complex network requirements. Dell EMC PowerSwitch
S6000–ONDell EMC PowerSwitch S6010–ON.

List of Dell EMC PoweSwitches supporting Enterprise MidoNet Platform are:

• Dell EMC PowerSwitch S6000–ON

• Dell EMC PowerSwitch S6010–ON

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Glossary
Accelerated innovation
Organizations can take advantage of this disaggregated networking model using
industry-leading hardware and a choice of leading network operating systems to
simplify data center fabric orchestration and automation and accelerate innovation.

ACK
ACK is a flag inside the TCP header (1 bit). ACK acknowledges the successful
receipt of a packet.

FIN
The FIN flag specifies the end of data transmission to close the TCP connection.

Flexibility
The new offerings provide organizations the needed flexibility to transform their
data centers and offer high-capacity network fabrics that are easy to deploy, cost-
effective, and provide a clear path to a software-defined data center.

Internet Protocol(IP)
The Internet Protocol (IP) is a method for sending data from one device to another
across the Internet. Every device is uniquely identified by an IP address, which
enables the device to communicate and exchange data with other devices that are
connected to the Internet.

Leaf and Spine

Spine-leaf switches are typically enterprise grade hardware with HA features
(PSU). The 2-tier model is seen as a “collapsed core.” The advent of L3 switching
has enabled this option.

Power of choice
Organizations that benefited from using the disaggregation model with their data
center server platforms, can now leverage even greater benefits from Dell open
networking platforms.

Routed Mode

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In this mode, the firewall has IP addresses assigned to its interfaces and acts as a
router hop for packets passing through it. All traffic inspection and forwarding
decisions are based on Layer 3 parameters such as IP address.

Sequence Number
The TCP client sends the sequence number, consists of the total data that has
been sent for the session.

small and medium businesses

Smaller networks or remote/branch offices with limited IT staff who crave
enterprise-class network control that is fused with consumer-like ease.

SONiC
Software for Open Networking in the Cloud

SYN
SYN is a flag inside the TCP header (1 bit). SYN flag synchronizes the sequence
numbers to initiate a TCP connection.

TCP Header
The TCP header mainly consists of the source and destination port numbers, also
has a sequence number. The sequence number to track where each frame fits into
a sequence of frames. The header also includes an acknowledge (ACK) bit
and acknowledgment number to specify which frames are being acknowledged.
And a window size is used to specify how many data bytes the receiver can accept.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol. TCP is a communications standard
that allows application programs and computing devices to exchange data over a
network. TCP is designed to send data packets across the Internet and ensure the
successful delivery of data and messages over networks.

Transparent Mode

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In this mode, the firewall does not appear as a hop in the network. Traffic is
forwarded through the firewall device but packets are not directed to the firewall.
The firewall processes the traffic and applies its rules to decide whether to permit or
deny the packet, but is transparent in its operation.

UDP Header
UDP header is less complex and incurs less overhead than TCP. The 16-bit Length
field describes the length of the user datagram, including the header and data. The
16-bit Checksum field covers the pseudo-IP header, the UDP header, and the data.
The pseudo-IP header, which is also used in TCP. It includes the IP address in the
checksum calculation to ensure that the frame has arrived at the proper destination.

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