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Lab 02 MTH

The document summarizes an experiment analyzing the relationship between bit error rate (BER) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for different modulation schemes in wireless communication systems. It discusses using MATLAB and the Communication System Toolbox to simulate BER versus SNR for OQPSK, 16-QAM and 64-QAM modulation over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh channels with and without channel coding. The results show 64-QAM over a Rayleigh channel has the lowest BER, while OQPSK over an AWGN channel without coding performs worst. The experiment helps understand how modulation scheme and channel type impact BER-SNR performance.

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Mst. Muktara Khatun
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53 views9 pages

Lab 02 MTH

The document summarizes an experiment analyzing the relationship between bit error rate (BER) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for different modulation schemes in wireless communication systems. It discusses using MATLAB and the Communication System Toolbox to simulate BER versus SNR for OQPSK, 16-QAM and 64-QAM modulation over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh channels with and without channel coding. The results show 64-QAM over a Rayleigh channel has the lowest BER, while OQPSK over an AWGN channel without coding performs worst. The experiment helps understand how modulation scheme and channel type impact BER-SNR performance.

Uploaded by

Mst. Muktara Khatun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Heaven’s Light is Our Guide

Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology


Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering

ETE 4116: Sessional Based on Wireless and Mobile Communication

Experiment 2
Analyzing BER Versus SNR (E b N o ) of a Simple Wireless Communication
System Using BER Tool Testbench of Communication System Toolbox.

Submitted by: Submitted to:


Nishat Tasnime Md. Tarek Hassan
Diba Roll: 1704009 Lecturer
Session: 2017-18 Dept. of ETE,
RUET

Date of Experiment : 15/10/2022


Date of Submission : 29/10/2022

Report (Teacher’s Section) Viva


□ Excellent □ Excellent
□ Very Good □ Very Good
□ Good ——————————– □ Good
□ Moderate Signature □ Moderate
□ Poor □ Poor
Experiment 2
Analyzing Bit Error Rate (BER) Versus Signal to Noise Ratio (E b N o ) of
a Simple Wireless Communication System Using BER Tool Testbench of
Communication System Toolbox.
Objectives

The main objectives of this experiment are:


• To understand the BER and SNR for a simple wireless communication system Using
BER Tool Testbench of Communication System Toolbox.
• To calculate BER and SNR for different modulation techniques and channel coding.

Theory

Wireless communication system is defined as the means of transmission of information through


a wireless medium between transmitter and receiver. Signal-to-Noise Ratio is defined as the
ratio of the amplitude of the signal power to the noise power and the Bit Error Rate (BER) is
the percentage of bits that have errors relative to the total number of bits received in a
transmission. The BER is inversely proportional to the SNR. Mathematically, SNR is
denoted as

SNR = So
No
or, SNR = EbNo

where S0 is the signal power, No is the noise power. Bit Error Rate(BER) tool calculates the
bit error rate(BER) as a function of the energy per bit to noise power spectral density ratio.
BER Tool is a graphical application that computes a series of simulated bit error rates and
compares the results with known analytical results. The Communication System Toolbox
provides BER Tool as an integrated testbench for the performance of BER simulations.

1
Required Apparatus/Softwares

1. MATLAB Software

2. A Highly Configured PC

3. VISIO Software

Program Code

2.4.1 OQPSK Modulation

1 function[ber, bits] = exname(EbNo,MaxNumErrs,MaxNumBits)


2 persistent Modulator AWGN Demodulator BitError
3 %initialization
4 if isempty(Modulator)
5 Modulator = comm.QPSKModulator(’BitInput’,true);
6 AWGN = comm.AWGNChannel;
7 Demodulator = comm.QPSKDemodulator(’BitOutput’,true);
8 BitError = comm.ErrorRate;
9 end
10 FRM = 512;
11 M=4;
12 k=log2(M);
13 snr = EbNo + 10*log10(k);
14 AWGN.EbNo = snr;
15 numErrs=0;
16 numBits=0;
17 results = zeros(3,1);
18 %inner loop
19 while ((numErrs<MaxNumErrs)&& (numBits<MaxNumBits))
20 %TX
21 u = randi([0,1],FRM,1);
22 mod_sig = step(Modulator,u);

2
23 rx_sig = step(AWGN,mod_sig);
24 %RX
25 y= step(Demodulator,rx_sig);
26 results = step(BitError,u,y);
27 numErrs= results(2);
28 numBits=results(3);
29 end
30 %compute BER
31 ber= results(1);
32 bits= results(3);
33 %Clean up & collect results
34 reset(BitError);

3
Result Analysis & Discussion

In this section, we observe the simulated results for OQPSK modulation scheme and then
discuss about the theoretical plot and simulated plot for AWGN channel and various channel
coding.

Figure 2.1: OQPSK modulation scheme for AWGN channel.

From Fig.2.1, it is observed that in OQPSK modulation scheme as the SNR increases,
the BER decreases and vice versa. Using AWGN channel and none channel coding, the
theoretical plot and the simulation plot is same which is 10−1(not good) but for convolutional
channel coding, the BER is higher than the simulated plot.

4
Figure 2.2: 16-QAM modulation scheme for AWGN channel.

From Fig. 2.2 it is seen that for the same channel type and channel coding as used in
OQPS modulation scheme, the results of theoretical plot and the simulated plot is almost
similar.

5
Figure 2.3: 64-QAM modulation scheme for AWGN channel.

From Fig. 2.3, it is seen that for the same channel type and channel coding using in 64
QAM modulation scheme, the simulated plot gives less BER than the theoretical plots. The
result is also near to the 16 QAM modulation scheme.

6
Figure 2.4: 64-QAM modulation scheme for Rayleigh channel.

From Fig. 2.4, it is observed that using Rayleigh channel in 64 QAM modulation
scheme, the simulated plot gives the lowest BER which is 10−1.3 at SNR is equal to 10.
From the above modulation schemes, it is observed that changing the channel and
channel coding, the practical plot and the theoretical plot is not changing so significantly.
Among these modulation schemes, it is seen that 64 QAM performs best for Rayleigh
channel as it gives less BER in the simulated plot than the theoretical plot.

7
Conclusion

In the following experiment from the simulated results it is observed that, in a simple
wireless communication system, when the signal to noise ratio increases, the bit error rate
decreases and vice versa. By analysing different modulation techniques for various channel
and channel coding, it can be said that the 64-QAM modulation scheme practically gives the
less bit error rate for Rayleigh channel whereas the OQPSK, 16-QAM and 64-QAM
modulation schemes give the highest bit error rate for the same SNR in AWGN channel. So,
the use of Rayleigh channel in 64-QAM modulation scheme is the best for analysing BER
and SNR of a simple wireless communication system using BER tool testbench of
communication system toolbox. Thus, the experiment was completed successfully.

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