0580 Mathematics (Extended)

Topics: Functions

Learning Objective
• Function Notation
• Inverse Functions
• Composite Functions

Function Notation
1. 𝑓: 𝑥 → 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 + 1. Find the value of:
(a) 𝑓(2) (b) 𝑓(−2) (c) 𝑓(100)

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(d) 𝑓(0) (e) 𝑓 (2)

2. 𝑔: 𝑥 → 2𝑥 . Find the value of:

(a) 𝑔(2) (b) 𝑔(5) (c) 𝑔(0)

(d) 𝑓(−1) (e) 𝑔(−3)

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 𝑥+1
3. ℎ(𝑥) = . Find the value of:
𝑥−1
(a) ℎ(2) (b) ℎ(3) (c) ℎ(−1)

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(d) ℎ(0) (e) ℎ (1 2)

4. 𝑔(𝑥) = √𝑥 + 3,
(a) Find the value of 𝑔(33).
(b) If 𝑔(𝑎) = 10, find the value of 𝑎.
(c) If 𝑔(𝑏) = 2.5, find the value of 𝑏.

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5. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 8 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 10 − 𝑥.
(a) What is the value of 𝑥 for which 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥)?
(b) Sketch the graphs of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) and 𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥). At what point do they across?

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6. ℎ: 𝑥 → +1 𝑘: 𝑥 → 2𝑥 − 1
𝑥
(a) Find the value of ℎ(6).
(b) Find the value of 𝑘(−1).
(c) Solve the equation ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑘(3).
(d) Solve the equation 𝑘(𝑥) = ℎ(−12).

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Inverse Functions
𝑥
1. 𝑓: 𝑥 → + 6 . Find the value of:
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(a) 𝑓(4) (b) 𝑓 −1 (8) (c) 𝑓(−2) (d) 𝑓 −1 (5)

2. Find 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) for each of these functions.

𝑥 𝑥+4
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = −2 (b) 𝑓(𝑥) = 4(𝑥 − 5) (c) 𝑓(𝑥) =
3 5

(3𝑥 − 6) 𝑥
(d) 𝑓(𝑥) = (e) 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 ( + 4) (f) 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 3
5 2

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 2𝑥 + 5
3. 𝑔(𝑥) = . Find the value of:
3
(a) 𝑔−1 (3) (b) 𝑔−1 (2) (c) 𝑔−1 (0)

4. Find 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) for each of these functions.

8 20 2
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = (b) 𝑓(𝑥) = −1 (c) 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥+1

5. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 4.
(a) Find 𝑓 −1 (𝑥).
(b) On the same axes draw the graphs of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) and 𝑦 = 𝑓 −1 (𝑥).
(c) Where do the lines cross?

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 𝑥+5
6. 𝑓(𝑥) =
2
Solve the equation 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓 −1 (𝑥).

7. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 2.
Find an expression for 𝑓(𝑥).

Composite Functions

1. ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 and 𝑘(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 4. Find:

(a) 𝑘ℎ(3) (b) 𝑘ℎ(−2) (c) ℎ𝑘(5)

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2. 𝑟(𝑥) = √𝑥 and 𝑎(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 1
(a) Find the value of 𝑎(0), 𝑎(4) and 𝑎(12).
(b) Find the value of 𝑟𝑎(0), 𝑟𝑎(4) and 𝑟𝑎(12).
(c) Find an expression for 𝑟𝑎(𝑥).

3. 𝑚(𝑥) = 3𝑥
(a) Find the value of 𝑚(2) and 𝑚𝑚(2).
(b) Find the value of 𝑚(4) and 𝑚𝑚(4).
(c) Find an expression for 𝑚𝑚(𝑥).

4. 𝑎(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 4 and 𝑏(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 7.

Show that 𝑎𝑏(𝑥) and 𝑏𝑎(𝑥) are identical.

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5. 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 2.
(a) Find an expression for 𝑔𝑓(𝑥). Write your answer as simply as possible.
(b) Find an expression for 𝑓𝑔(𝑥). Write your answer as simply as possible.

6. In each case find an expression for 𝑓𝑔(𝑥). Write your answer as simply as possible.
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 3𝑥 + 4
(b) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 3 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 4
𝑥
(c) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2 + 4 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 2
(d) 𝑓(𝑥) = 12 − 𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 8

7. 𝑚(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 and 𝑛(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 1

(a) Find the value of 𝑚𝑚(2).
(b) Show that 𝑛𝑛(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 3.
(c) Show that 𝑚𝑛(𝑥) = 4𝑥 2 − 1

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 𝑥+4
8. ℎ(𝑥) = and 𝑘(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 5. Find:
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(a) ℎ−1 𝑘(𝑥) (b) ℎℎ(𝑥)

Exam-style Questions

1. 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 + 4𝑥 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2

(a) Find
(i)𝑔𝑓(3)

..……………………….

(ii) 𝑓𝑔(𝑥)

………………………..

(iii) 𝑓 −1 𝑓(𝑥)

………………………..
(b) Find the value of 𝑥 when 𝑓(𝑥) = 15.

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 4
2. 𝑓(𝑥) = 7𝑥 − 8 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 5 ℎ(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 1

(a) Find 𝑓 −1 (𝑥).

………………………..

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(b) Find the value of 𝑥 when ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑔 (3)

………………………..
1 7𝑥−2 3−10𝑥
3. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑘𝑥 2 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑗(𝑥) =
5 14

(a) 𝑓(−5𝑘) = 675

Find the value of 𝑘.

………………………..

(b) Find 𝑔ℎ(𝑥).

………………………..

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 (c) Find ℎ−1 (𝑥) + 𝑗(𝑥).
Give your answer in its simplest form.

………………………..
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4. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 1 𝑔(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 2 ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥, 𝑥 ≠ 0 𝑗(𝑥) = 5𝑥

(a) Find
(i) 𝑓(2),

………………………..

(ii) 𝑔𝑓(2).

………………………..

(b) Find 𝑔−1 (𝑥).

………………………..

(c) Find 𝑥 when ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑗(−2).

………………………..

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 (d) Write 𝑓(𝑥) − ℎ(𝑥) as a single fraction.

………………………..

(e) Find the value of 𝑗𝑗(2).

………………………..

(f) Find 𝑥 when 𝑗 −1 (𝑥) = 4.

………………………..

𝑥+5
5. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 𝑔(𝑥) = ℎ(𝑥) = 7𝑥 − 3
2

(a) Find 𝑓(−3).

………………………..

(b) Find 𝑔−1 (𝑥).

………………………..

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 (c) Solve 𝑔𝑓(𝑥) = ℎℎ−1 (63) where 𝑥 > 0.

………………………..

6. 𝑓(𝑥) = 5𝑥 − 3, 𝑥 > 1
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𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥≠2
𝑥 − 2,
(a) Find 𝑔𝑓(𝑥).
Give your answer in its simplest form.

………………………..

(b) Find 𝑔−1 (𝑥).

………………………..

(c) Find 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥 − 1).

………………………..
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 2
7. 𝑓(𝑥) = 10 − 𝑥 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥, 𝑥 ≠ 0 ℎ(𝑥) = 2𝑥 𝑗(𝑥) = 5 − 2𝑥

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(a) (i) Find 𝑔 (2).

………………………..

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(ii) Find ℎ𝑔 (2).

………………………..

(b) Find 𝑥 when 𝑓(𝑥) = 7.

………………………..

(c) Find 𝑥 when 𝑔(𝑥) = ℎ(3).

………………………..

(d) Find 𝑗 −1 (𝑥).

………………………..

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(e) Write 𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑔(𝑥) + 1 as a single fraction in its simplest form.

………………………..

(f) (𝑓(𝑥))2 − 𝑓𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐

Find the values of 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐.

𝑎 =………………………..

𝑏 =………………………..

𝑐 =………………………..

(g) Find 𝑥 when ℎ−1 (𝑥) = 10.

………………………..

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