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Tutorial 10 Problems

This document contains 5 thermodynamics questions and their answers related to ideal cycles like diesel, Brayton, Rankine, and regenerative gas turbine cycles. It provides the problem statements, conditions, and required parameters to calculate for each question. The questions cover topics like efficiency, power output, temperature and pressure limits, mass flow rates, heat transfer rates, and exergy destruction in the cycles.

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23 views

Tutorial 10 Problems

This document contains 5 thermodynamics questions and their answers related to ideal cycles like diesel, Brayton, Rankine, and regenerative gas turbine cycles. It provides the problem statements, conditions, and required parameters to calculate for each question. The questions cover topics like efficiency, power output, temperature and pressure limits, mass flow rates, heat transfer rates, and exergy destruction in the cycles.

Uploaded by

Rudhraa.R
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KANPUR

ESO 201A: Thermodynamics


(2023-24 I Semester)
Instructor: Dr Avinash Kumar Agarwal

Tutorial 10
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question 1: An ideal diesel engine has a compression ratio of 20 and uses air as the
working fluid. The state of air at the beginning of the compression process is 95 kPa and
20°C. If the maximum temperature in the cycle is not to exceed 2200 K, determine (a) the
thermal efficiency and (b) the mean effective pressure. Assume constant specific heats for
air at room temperature. (Ans: (a) 63.5%, (b) 933 kPa)

Question 2: A gas-turbine power plant operates on the simple Brayton cycle between the
pressure limits of 100 and 1600 kPa. The working fluid is air, which enters the compressor
at 40°C at a rate of 850 m3/min and leaves the turbine at 650°C. Assuming a compressor
isentropic efficiency of 85 percent and a turbine isentropic efficiency of 88 percent,
determine (a) the net power output, (b) the back work ratio, and (c) the thermal efficiency.
Use constant specific heats with cv = 0.821 kJ/kg·K, cp = 1.108 kJ/kg·K, and k = 1.35. (Ans:
6493 kW, (b) 0.51 (c) 38%)

Fig. 1

Question 3: A gas turbine for an automobile is designed with a regenerator. Air enters
the compressor of this engine at 100 kPa and 20°C. The compressor pressure ratio is 8,
the maximum cycle temperature is 800°C, and the cold airstream leaves the regenerator
10°C cooler than the hot airstream at the inlet of the regenerator. The cycle produces 150
kW. The compressor isentropic efficiency is 87 percent, and the turbine isentropic
efficiency is 93 percent. Determine the exergy destruction for each of the processes of the
cycle. The temperature of the hot reservoir is the same as the maximum cycle
temperature, and the temperature of the cold reservoir is the same as the minimum cycle
temperature. Use constant specific heats at room temperature. (Ans: 19.2 kJ/kg (x1-2),
38 kJ/kg (x5-3), 16.1 kJ/kg (x3-4), 85.5 kJ/kg (x6-1), 0.32 kJ/kg (xregen))
Fig. 2

Question 4: Consider a 210-MW steam power plant that operates on a simple ideal
Rankine cycle. Steam enters the turbine at 10 MPa and 500°C and is cooled in the
condenser at a pressure of 10 kPa. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect to
saturation lines, and determine (a) the quality of the steam at the turbine exit, (b) the
thermal efficiency of the cycle, and (c) the mass flow rate of the steam. (Ans: (a) 0.7934,
(b) 40.2%, (c) 164.7 kg/s)

Question 5: An ideal reheat Rankine cycle with water as the working fluid operates the
boiler at 15,000 kPa, the reheater at 2000 kPa, and the condenser at 100 kPa. The
temperature is 450°C at the entrance of the high-pressure and low-pressure turbines. The
mass flow rate through the cycle is 1.74 kg/s. Determine the power used by pumps, (b) the
power produced by the cycle, (c) the rate of heat transfer in the reheater, and (d) the
thermal efficiency of this system. (Ans: (a) 27 kW (b) 2000 kW, (c) 1140 kW, (d) 0.34)

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