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In-Class Assignment 2

The document provides an in-class assignment on linear algebra concepts including operations on matrices, solving systems of linear equations using matrix equations, finding powers and inverses of matrices, and conditions for invertibility. Students are asked multiple choice and free response questions testing their understanding of these core linear algebra topics covered in the document.

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43 views4 pages

In-Class Assignment 2

The document provides an in-class assignment on linear algebra concepts including operations on matrices, solving systems of linear equations using matrix equations, finding powers and inverses of matrices, and conditions for invertibility. Students are asked multiple choice and free response questions testing their understanding of these core linear algebra topics covered in the document.

Uploaded by

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Linear Algebra

Instructor: Le Hai Yen


In-Class Assignment 2 October 6, 2023

Students:

Operations on matrices
Recall:

1) Some special matrices: Identity matrices, zero matrices, symmetric matrices,...

2) Operations: addition, multiplication with a scalar, transpose of a matrix, multiplication.


3) General properties: Associativity, commutativity...

Question 1. True or false?


1. If columns 1 and 3 of B are the same, so are columns 1 and 3 of AB.
2. If rows 1 and 3 of B are the same, so are rows 1 and 3 of AB.

3. If rows 1 and 3 of A are the same, so are rows 1 and 3 of AB.


4. (AB)2 = A2 B 2 .

Question 2. Write down the 2 by 2 matrices A and B that have entries aij = i + j and bij = (−1)i+j . Multiply
them to find AB and BA. Is the product of A and B commutative?

Question 3. In each part find matrices A, X, B which express the given system of linear equations as a single
matrix equation AX = B. Solve these equations.

1. 2.

x1 − 3x3 + x4 =7
x1 − 3x2 + 5x3 = 7 5x1 + x2 − 8x4 =3
9x1 − x2 + x3 = −1 2x1 − 5x2 + 9x3 − x4 =0
x1 + 5x2 + 4x3 = 0 3x2 − x3 + 7x4 = 2
Linear Algebra
Instructor: Le Hai Yen
In-Class Assignment 2 October 6, 2023

Question 4. Find the powers A2 , A3 , B 2 , B 3 , C 2 , C 3 . What are Ak , B k and C k for a given k?


1 1 1
− 21
  
2 2 1 0 2
A = 1 1 ,B = , and C = AB = 1 .
2 2 0 −1 2 − 21
Linear Algebra
Instructor: Le Hai Yen
In-Class Assignment 2 October 6, 2023

Inverses of matrices
Recall:

1) Equivalent definitions: A is invertible if one the following equivalent conditions holds.


i) There exists B such that AB = BA = I;
ii) The equation Ax = 0 has unique solution 0.
2) Find the inverse of a matrix
ˆ Using elementary row transformations to bring [A|I] into [I|A−1 ]. (Gauss-Jordan.)

Question 5. Show that if A and B are invertible matrices then


1. AT is invertible and (AT )−1 = (A−1 )T

2. AB are invertible and (AB)−1 = B −1 A−1 .

Question 6. Use the Gauss-Jordan method to invert the following matrices then solve the equations Ax = b
for b = (−1, 2, 7).

1. 3. 5.
 √ √
 
1 0 0
 
1 1 1 2 3√ 2 0

A1 = 1 1 1 , A3 = 1 2 2 , √
A5 = −4 2 2 0 ,
0 0 1 1 2 3 0 0 1

2. 4. 6.
−2
    1 1

2 −1 0 0 0 1 5 5 5
A2 = −1 2 −1 , A4 = 0 1 1 , A6 = 1 1 1 
5 5 10
1 −4 1
0 −1 2 1 1 1 5 5 10
Linear Algebra
Instructor: Le Hai Yen
In-Class Assignment 2 October 6, 2023

Question 7. For which three numbers c is this matrix not invertible, and why not?
 
2 c c
A =  c c c
8 7 c

Question 8. Show that A2 = 0 is possible but AT A = 0 is not possible (unless A = zero matrix).

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