CH2 - Introduction To Database
CH2 - Introduction To Database
DATABASE CONCEPTS
MUHAIMIN P. MACAPUNDAG
INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE CONCEPTS
Key Terminologies
Data - raw facts (Ex. Letter A, number 5, or some symbol)
Field - characteristic of entity; column
Record - set of logically related fields; row
File - set of logically related records; table
Database - set of logically related files
INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE CONCEPTS
Example:
Student Name: Last Name, First Name, Middle Name
Student Address: Street, Municipality, Province
INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE CONCEPTS
Example:
Stud_Lastname than Lastname
INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE CONCEPTS
Naming Convention
Database models require that objects be named.
While several facets of naming an object deserve consideration, in
this article we’ll focus on the most important one: defining a
convention and sticking to it.
INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE CONCEPTS
Errors in Database
1. Data Redundancy - same data are stored in the same location
2. Data inconsistency - exists when different and conflicting versions of the
same data appeared in different places (changing the data in a certain field)
3. Data anomalies (abnormality)
Modification anomalies
Insertion anomalies
Deletion anomalies
INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE CONCEPTS
INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE CONCEPTS
Insertion anomaly
If a tuple is inserted in referencing relation and referencing attribute
value is not present in referenced attribute, it will not allow
inserting in referencing relation.
For Example, If we try to insert a record in STUDENT_COURSE
with STUD_NO =7, it will not allow.
INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE CONCEPTS