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DSP Lec4 2022

The document discusses digital signal processing concepts including: 1. The Fourier representation of signals maps signals into another "domain" called the frequency domain where signals can be manipulated through multiplication rather than convolution. 2. The frequency response of a linear shift-invariant (LSI) system is the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT) of the system's unit sample response, and describes how the system's output is scaled by frequency. 3. The inverse DTFT can be used to recover the original time domain signal from its frequency domain representation given by the DTFT.

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Khaled Elbashary
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16 views15 pages

DSP Lec4 2022

The document discusses digital signal processing concepts including: 1. The Fourier representation of signals maps signals into another "domain" called the frequency domain where signals can be manipulated through multiplication rather than convolution. 2. The frequency response of a linear shift-invariant (LSI) system is the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT) of the system's unit sample response, and describes how the system's output is scaled by frequency. 3. The inverse DTFT can be used to recover the original time domain signal from its frequency domain representation given by the DTFT.

Uploaded by

Khaled Elbashary
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Benha University

Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra

Digital Signal Processing (CCE-404)


(First Term 2022/2023)
Lecture (4)

Lecturer : Dr. Esraa Mosleh


Introduction
 The Fourier representation of signals plays an extremely
important role in both continuous-time and discrete-time
signal processing.
 It provides a method for mapping signals into another
"domain" in which to manipulate them.
 What makes the Fourier representation particularly useful
is the property that the convolution operation is mapped to
multiplication.
Frequency Response
 Eigen functions of linear shift-invariant systems are
sequences that, when input to the system, pass through with
only a change in (complex) amplitude.
 That is to say, if the input is x(n), the output is :
y(n)= λ x(n),
where λ, the eigenvalue, generally depends on the input x(n).
Frequency Response (cont.)
 Signals of the form

 where ω is a constant, are eigen functions of LSI systems.


This may be shown from the convolution sum:
Frequency Response (cont.)
 Note that H(e jω) is complex-valued and depends on the
frequency ω of the complex exponential.
 Thus, it may be written in terms of its real and imaginary
parts:

 or in terms of its magnitude and phase:

where
Frequency Response (cont.)

Example: Consider the LSI system with unit sample response

where α is a real number with │α│<1


Find the frequency response of the system.
Discrete Time Fourier Transform (DTFT)
 The frequency response of a Linear Shift-Invariant system is
found by multiplying h(n) by a complex exponential, e-jnω,
and summing over n.
 The discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT) of a sequence,
x(n), is defined in the same way,

 Thus, the frequency response of a linear shift-invariant


system, H(e jω), is the DTFT of the unit sample response,
h(n). In order for the DTFT of a sequence to exist, the
summation in the previous equation must converge. This, in
turn, requires that x(n) be absolutely summable:
Discrete Time Fourier Transform (DTFT) (cont.)

Example 1: Find the DTFT of the sequence

Solution :
Inverse DTFT (IDTFT)
 Given X(ejw) ,the sequence x(n) may be recovered using the
inverse DTFT,

 The inverse DTFT may be viewed as a decomposition of


x(n) into a linear combination of all complex exponentials
that have frequencies in the range -ᴨ < w < ᴨ
DTFT Pairs
DTFT Pairs (cont.)
DTFT Pairs (cont.)
Example : Find the inverse DTFT of the sequence
DTFT Properties
 There are a number of properties of the DTFT that may be
used to simplify the evaluation of the DTFT and its inverse.
Problems
Let h(n) be the unit sample response of an LSI system. Find
the frequency response when

Solution:

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