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Technical Databook Section 8 Intro v2 (US)

The document discusses the use of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in oil and gas operations. It provides definitions of relevant terms and describes the contents and use of tables for space factors, nitrogen displacement volumes, nitrogen ratios, and carbon dioxide properties and conversion factors. Examples are worked through to demonstrate calculations for parameters like bottomhole pressures, nitrogen volumes, and pump rates.

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13 views3 pages

Technical Databook Section 8 Intro v2 (US)

The document discusses the use of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in oil and gas operations. It provides definitions of relevant terms and describes the contents and use of tables for space factors, nitrogen displacement volumes, nitrogen ratios, and carbon dioxide properties and conversion factors. Examples are worked through to demonstrate calculations for parameters like bottomhole pressures, nitrogen volumes, and pump rates.

Uploaded by

stonzedd2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Number: TR-Gl-008 Rev 1

Technical Databook – Section 8 – Dated: 02-08-05

Nitrogen & Carbon Dioxide Supersedes:


Approved by:

1.0 Purpose
To acquaint user with Section 8 and it’s intended usage.

2.0 Scope
Applies to field and office personal.

3.0 Definitions
 BHP: bottom hole pressure
 BHT: bottom hole temperature
 BHFP: bottom hole frac pressure
 sm³: standard meter cubed or standard cubic meter
 SF: space factor
 SCF: standard cubic foot
 ISIP: instant shut in pressure
 Foam Quality: N2 % of total
 N2 Ratio: SCF per bbl fluid
 N2 Multiplier: ratio of the number of N2 volumes per 1 volume of fluid

4.0 Procedure
 Work through a sample of examples that relate to calculations required for fieldwork.
 A calculator, pen or pencil and work sheet is required.
 This material will be used in conjunction with course material for training purposes.

4.1 Section 8 – Nitrogen & Carbon Dioxide


 Page 8-1 has a description of nitrogen and it’s properties.
 Pages 8-2 to 8-10 contain Space Factor tables, where 90 °F and 2000 psi intersect, that
number represents the number of SCF N2 in 1 bbl of space.
 These space factors are also for use in the formulas in Section 4, Pages 4-26 & 27.

SCF: 1 ft³ of N2 gas at ~70°F & 1 atm

701163021.doc Page 1 of 3
SF: space factor; the number of SCF that fit into
1 bbl of space at a given pressure and temperature

Example: 50°F & 600 psi

Page 8-2

SF = 246.5 SCF per 1 bbl of space or volume

 Pages 8-11 to 8-14 refer to what pressure (psi) a column of nitrogen will exert at a
given depth with a given wellhead pressure and can be used for BHP based on shut
down pressure.
 Pages 8-15 to 8-18 are used for N 2 displacement or flush; get the Factor for Depth &
BHP and multiply by the tubular capacity factor to get displacement N 2 volume in
SCF, if unsure of BHP use 0.7 psi/ft frac gradient.
 Pages 8-19 to 8-22 are used to determine an N 2 ratio to treat oil or gas well in order to
assist in the flow back of the aqueous or hydrocarbon treating fluid. These charts
compensate for the effective BHP on Gas (80%) or Oil (50%) wells while flowing
back at 300 psi on surface.
 Page 8-23 & 24 contains formulas for nitrogen ratios, multipliers, foam quality %,
commingled flush volumes and N2 only flush volumes.
 Page 8-25 is a Nitrogen unit conversion table.
 Page 8-26 gives CO2’s physical properties.
 Page 8-27 has a chart to cross reference conversions for CO2 to other units.
 Pages 8-28 to 8-31 give the density adjustments for CO 2 at different pressures &
temperatures.
 Pages 8-32 & 33 CO2 flow back requirement charts
 Page 8-34 CO2 Pressure Enthalpy Chart.

5.0 Reference Documents


- Technical Databook – Section 8 – Worksheets
701163021.doc

1. What is the Volume Ratio; Gas/Liquid?

701163021.doc Page 2 of 3
One gallon liquid N2 will become _____________ SCF gaseous nitrogen at standard
conditions (70°F & 1 Atm).

2. Pumping at 30 sm³/m³ N2 ratio, convert’s to _____________ SCF/bbl.

3. What are the space factor’s for:

5300 psi and 70°F __________

10000 psi and 70°F __________

6900 psi and 210°F __________

9800 psi and 280°F __________

4. What will be the BHP of column of gaseous nitrogen at a depth of 7000 feet with a shut
in wellhead pressure of 1200psi?

5. The N2 ratio to flow back a water-based job in a 6000 foot gas well with a BHP of 2000
psi is _____ SCF/bbl.

6. One gallon liquid CO2 will become ________ SCF gas at 70°F & 1 atm.

7. One sm³ CO2 equates to __________ SCF.

8. A CO2 assisted job calls for 200 SCF/bbl fluid, at 8.00 bbl/min on our frac fluid pumper,
what will the liquid CO2 pump rate be? _________ bbl/min

701163021.doc Page 3 of 3

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