Expt 1 A

1
Experiment 1: ACIDS, BASES, AND BUFFERS
OBJECTIVES
 To measure pH of a solution using pH paper or pH meter

 To observe how buffer resist pH change
 To solve problems on pH, pKa, hydrogen ion concentration and in the preparation of
buffers
PROCEDURE
A. Measurement of pH
1. Using pH paper, determine the pH of the following substance. Indicate whether the following
substances are acidic, basic or neutral substance.
1.1 Milk 1.5 Vinegar
1.2 Beer 1.6 0.1M HCl
1.3 Softdrinks 1.7 1.0% NaCl solution
1.4 Distilled water 1.8 Bleach
B. Buffer Action
1. Place 12 labelled small tubes in a rack.
2. Place 10 drops of the following solution to each and determine the pH using pH paper.
3. To each solution in the test tubes add 10 drops of the specified acid or base as indicated in
the table below. Determine the pH of the resulting solution.
Test tube No. Solutions Solutions added

1 Distilled water 0.001 M NaOH
2 Distilled water 0.001 HCl
3 0.1 M HCl 0.001 M HCl
4 0.1 M NaOH 0.001 NaOH
5 0.1 M CH3COOH 0.001 M NaOH
6 0.1 CH3COONa 0.001 M HCl
7 0.2 M Acetate buffer 0.001 M NaOH
8 0.2 M Acetate Buffer 0.001 M HCl
9 0.1 M NaH2PO4 0.001 M NaOH
10 0.1 M Na2HPO4 0.001M HCl
11 0.2 M Phosphate buffer 0.001M NaOH
12 0.2M Phosphate buffer 0.001M HCl
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Experiment 1: ACIDS, BASES, AND BUFFERS
Score:
____________________________________________________________________________
Last name Given name MI
Course/Year Date performed Date

submitted
Laboratory class schedule Laboratory Instructor/Professor
POST-LAB ACTIVITY
RESULTS
Table 1. Determine of pH of different solutions using pH paper.
Substance pH Inference
Milk
Beer
Softdrinks
Distilled water
Vinegar
0.1M HCl
1.0% NaCl
Exploratory questions:
1. Which of the following solutions in table 1 are acidic? Neutral? Why do you think they are
basic, acidic, netural?
3
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Table 2. Determination of the change in pH of the following solutions upon addition of

strong acid/base
Solutions pH Solutions pH Difference in pH

added
Distilled water
Distilled water
0.1M HCl
0.1M NaOH
0.1M CH3COOH
0.1 CH3COONa
0.2M Acetate buffer
0.2M Acetate buffer
0.1M NaH2PO4
0.1 M Na2HPO4
0.2M Phosphate buffer
0.2M Phosphate buffer
Exploratory questions:
2. Which solution(s) in table 2 shows greater change in pH upon addition of the indicated
solutions? What is/are the reasons(s) for the observed greater change in pH?
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3. Which solution(s) in table 2 shows smaller change in pH upon addition of the indicated
solutions? What is/are the reason(s) for the observed smaller change in pH?
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4. What is the pH of the biological cell? Why is buffer important to biological cells? What will
happen to living things if the cellular fluids are not buffered? Why?
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REFERENCES:
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Experiment 1: ACIDS, BASES, AND BUFFERS

 To measure pH of a solution using pH paper or pH meter

1.1 Milk 1.5 Vinegar

1.2 Beer 1.6 0.1M HCl

1.3 Softdrinks 1.7 1.0% NaCl solution

1.4 Distilled water 1.8 Bleach

1. Place 12 labelled small tubes in a rack.

Test tube No. Solutions Solutions added

Experiment 1: ACIDS, BASES, AND BUFFERS

Last name Given name MI

Course/Year Date performed Date

Laboratory class schedule Laboratory Instructor/Professor

Table 1. Determine of pH of different solutions using pH paper.

Table 2. Determination of the change in pH of the following solutions upon addition of

Solutions pH Solutions pH Difference in pH

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