Chapter II PM Epsilon
Chapter II PM Epsilon
Yo,
Ven tht V5. > Ye =
As Meee thy shes tht YM 20 TNL Lowe Yoo
as dosed, “
ek Ms fin MoTLs pet Oo Vv wi
E ccseyte le 2
Smee Uy witndeeo by AT Ls,
D. Manchne Gauences Lin, aad Completeness
Recalls The — Conpleenesy of IR Thewwems (Orde Ursin) tells vo
Eck — bounded substs of IR hace sup onda Cralnuabs)
Miso veeall thet we ell a sequence bordel iF ib range is banda,
4 7
Defivtin A sequece (5a) of ved number is
kb) iaccenrign WF Wn, San 255
andis chribh, snuceasiong iFM, Su? Sas
Srila, (5) ty Qwenkely) deci TF Va, Savy ES
and” stably San SS
h Sequence is Munstin or tenitont f edhe heceainy o-dkewuty
Evxcanpls (ade U- Yr)= (0,%, % %, He.)
is tacetang, — Dandecd, iby stadt, teensy,
Oc ne Vee HS WS5)
Exanples: bye n, cae le ty ae bah treccatiay
whale dae Mar, Cae Ao) ae OAK deceening,
By corttak sequtne > EK Cheering and decry, (ly?)
Kabersdet 5.2% is nk morebnic,
Meith is the sequence recasivtly cbt
by ve tO Vane tn tA DEL
(S Crnde (0,385,408)
DAL of the exanplis abe of wonckoric sequences Conmerye,
except fie Baan®, whith iy nd eres bundle, anol
wah dives t 00,
This is ne acide!
Tewren; (Mentone Sequeres )
Le& Cs. be a manctine sequence,
YN LF Gd iy bonded, ther C5.) converges,
DLE Gd is unbounded, ther
lin 6, = eo TF 5. is inetasing
or Wim Sa FTO TF os, 5 decensing,
Exanplsio V= Vor is buundisl (by 1) and treveasiay
ene Conveegat, We an she tt Gmeyy bf,
C7 om odeitina’ argunnt)
e wens (mtn is unbounded — (uhy?)
anh is tneeutg fur wi
Thy, lin Won 60
Remark’ Marie thet thee are run-mundine sequen thet Convey,
Uke CU Ya,St
Peuks (af MS Then),
VW Wlog, we can assume Os.) \s increasing,
(Otherwise Usa is decuaty, 50 E52) is trceasing,
$e lg S22 7 Ugo towese, )
By Caryl of TR, ue can Fink
sa sap (5,1 0EIN3 the supreme of He vane of
Cote a) 5s bude)
Wel she that lig snes.
Gia €70, cori 5-8, Mw
8) Since $y the Lert syne bak C5),
the is sme Nw tht se sy lgsh ese)
bY Sime Gad ty erasing, We heree
Sy S Son S Sure So
So Udy welled /vecarsion) , we see thet
Cro) = Creek, cae ed
=D 5-€6 5, S 5,7 Sun:
Rearmanging with alyebn ghaus thet
) 0< S-S,e au st TnI L s.oM\
dad in thy sthutin fea gin 1 aly
vf £ Sa! u7N >.
As lemanP 5.2 Be any M20 we tut hae Iimiefincce,
Frslly, the cor whee S262 isentily sine
t tht Ue Saco. ww
(=): Fist, corde the care whee § ib @ real muenle,
ond suppor lta sap sae lin eh sizs,
Sse lin Sup Sa = lin Say Sn mony
we Kae OM, sh Ls sup sn! wm 2nrMy 3] <é
Srmledy, BMae sh Ls - uk Csue mrnrWegl Se,
Bs weve dene bei, ike = theo (Ming, Mig,
Nuw we have Orde!
S-E dink { Sat mo} gsup {5.2 woW3 < Ste
Bak by dhefatin oF snp, wf, tar tel us thet
When wWi7N, abe S-€¢ Se Ste
te tht Uno = Isa-slet
Since € iw abbey, thir shor the lim sa=8,
SelE-check Jhomeneks Finyh th poof f ) in
the coe whee sztoo,ek
Encenples 6 Gye Yin =O, 50 Vimsnp Ya> lim ah Yn =O,
@ Smeg CA =| whe Cini CMSA, ve
gt a Slut Inter yewh Hak bog A der wick cog,
he
An enry ond usehel corallary te the theren
Cocdllacry C Sundwich Treven) Case called the SquccteTha)
TE Cr), Cd, ark CE) ere eecralead sequenes
so thet Mee ete Cheat wn)
and Vea ae lig beak
ten abe li snl.
Pickuce
Peufr Stace fir each nN Vn eS
we alo get inf £ vn swan} Sink {52 mond
and so lin of nH, < linnfs.
By an entintly similar aegumnt, Lin saps. & lin my,
Now we amply the theaen trie!
Le bin cap a= lin infra, = lin sup ba = lin tf by,
Serce Llin fig € liminf 5, & lin Sup. < lin Sapte
we ba Le bin saps, = lin fs,
and by a La oyplicdin of te there,
lin oo 5,2k a
hae
SelE rch: (a bk bude? Prove. the Sendvidh Thane ality
Fron €/V defixtvs?59
Nadie he the lam sup’s Jin HPS Leb us aveid any
delict Aargunets vf €* and N51!
CR Sadi Teoen)
0 Fuck ae Ke
Siristions Sree, Vat & Nye 2 Yt
ark Wig Yat align =0
ale Neg ut = 0 A CSenduah The)
eo Ra lin sine
Solty, T assume yor veeall Ran high schol thet
fray nv le senel
The, a eo Se ed
aad she lin “Ye tha M20
Toe
ale lin £88 =0, ~
CSedih th)
© Find ley anes asi the Gad ah Thea
Slew See TneBo neg abe Oaghy <4
and shee lig O07 lin Mn =O
Bae we
8
als lia a=
Oo.
CRat Tike the Abeby of binds appuch bette! )
Moe on Complitene of IR
Our Ovder Vesin of Caryletenes of Ro says thet
sups/ infr of banded ss of web — exist Condkare vel),
The Monctou Sequin. Theme is almat a ritonnt of thir
Onk exrstince of Links of mend segues) Caldabs,
be alld Completers — Ehcarton,
Mather Wl fir @,60
Bath rely stony on the onde HR,
Our werk gual is a wee fier of “Completers ” of
Trderdint of onder
Defivtin A sequeree Con) of reel nambes is: called a
Candry sequen iF /
Veoo AN sh Cm neN VL isnslee |
Watts The defintion of 9 Coucry sequent 18 Very stellen
ty that of corvegerce. The AifReecer Trsheack
ae
tek co pon Sa getting “cle ad chou” ba kinks
w@ nv 9s lage,
Coty We reque pus n,5q te get “ele adele”
to each othe a3 nin gk lage,
Exum Let saz Ya, and (gra €) tke Me %
Ths tf wane they \sa— sm) Zlsabelon)
otrhe Srb&e-e
$5 Va is Candey, Sequees
Exuder Let (5.= C14, 141, Ve4l4 be Che pacha! dednal
expensins of V2.
We will see Cor yor Can shun tum a a sel frbek)
Hak 5 is Canty,
Nokee thd the definds of Coucly for this squsee
ght maker seve iF yore reer heed of IP
or other webind nunbes!The falluiag resell halls cum if we vephe Renth @
Peopatos, Lee Gs.) be a sequenee taktig vals IR
ack wy Lit Comeeging Cb a uumnbrin IR),
The (sd iy a
Couchy sequence,
Profi Ginn £50,
take €y>% and play &
dif» of lint, foto, Nod, ToT Is,-sleex
Gwe $= ley sa),
OF couse the
Thas,
sume hes fie ay 7M ay will!
7
\s-snlelsa-s a sos.l2™ [siesta lscsl
Arh €
Whincne WKeN, as derted a
The convene abe hil fir thera R, &t yt © @,
Dacsrrs CCompldencn of RB, Comdhy, sequenn vortn)
A veal-veleed sequence
convege
& ths «
Contry sequence,
Prof As usnal, we consi 2) anh =)
(SD): Ty the preceding prvporttien,
GE) By a press thar, tt is enuigh by shee that
lin sup 5, = lininfs. Fim aan orbibracy, Conchy 564, Su.
wh vel velees
Gace 5, is vealeenbed, iE hey vel-amled Casy, bef),
By defintor of Canchry seq
Ver, AM sk EomoN Dep Isesatced,
D ~ £45 -SA5E
Ln partials Sy E S55, S54 aad ly Ibny teay,
Smo 8S inf £5, 1 WIWB < say Fe cnr e5, 4¢
Thos, Sarte lina s, & limsap sy ese
Car the “tk sequence” ty teceating, the “Hap Squecee ” Acrenny,)62
Myo, sg 8 = bins,
Smt & = lininfs, +2 ee,
Su Nim inksn © Un sups, € Sant €S bininls, re,
Aad sree £ can be thay te be aebibnity sual
we mob Trae NiminF 52 bin supsa y Comply the pak if
The defn oF Canihy aque + Cony complies
wil someting be a wcll tl fe uy late, Tt libs
She sequece is comegat, wihak fivay whe tt
( loveses tb,
Erxangles For Sy Be hal dedal expaniny of vz,
we we CB man)
Sun = 0,00... CHET
Wie ves digh fin 5,
As they wy salle thy Mo, writh gua he &
the sequence 0» Cancry, Asitis Coady tis
Are Convergent (bat andre Aegumet 6 heeded L FeA
wht it cameger te.) 2
a
E. binds and Completenss in
Were talked abnt ints and Conrergance tr R
Well nov de the seme Be C, The fist thay that
We'll need ts « nation of dlishnce ao €,
Definitions The per , 0” Wangale, of eearbied
ww lel
The vidstor is the sume @ fir abylk vale in R,
Soe Jae Oleta® is the absdote value fa,
this will cause no confusion,Reall tht f ze arbi, He cuplor endgdt of 2
is Be a-bi, We sue thet g-Zoaéeb®,
The, lel= @E, Mave tet lel-lZl, ant btaraw,
Eo Ldetle | 2-t)=0r
4-3-5
\-3)=}3123.
Lemme (Bane fads abut Tl in ©
Let 2 ad w be comple numbes, Ther
) Tf 2-0, thy Veleo, Othenie, lel>0,
i) 2= K%= Yor.
it) leewlelel-lul
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