The Mathematical Association of Victoria

Trial Examination 2017

MATHEMATICAL METHODS
Trial Written Examination 1 - SOLUTIONS

Question 1
a. y tan ( x + 2 )
= 2

= sec 2 ( x 2 + 2 ) × 2 x
dy
1M
dx
= 2 x sec 2 ( x 2 + 2 ) 1A
OR
2x
1A
cos ( x 2 + 2)
2

log e ( x 2 − 1)
b. f ( x) =
x2 −1
( x 2 − 1) × x 22 −x 1 − loge ( x 2 − 1) × 2 x
f '( x) = 1M
( x 2 − 1)
2

2 x − 2 x log e ( x 2 − 1)
= 1M
(x − 1)
2 2

−4 − ( −4 ) log e ( 3)
∴ f '(−2) =
( 3)
2

1A
−4 + 4 log e ( 3)
=
9
Question 2
 πt 
d (t ) = −5 cos  + 5
8

5π  πt 
a. d '(t ) = sin  
8  8 
 πt 
d '(t ) =0 ⇒ sin   = 0
 8 
πt
= 0, π ,...
8
t = 0,8,...
Understanding that the graph starts at (0, 0).
First at its maximum at t = 8 . 1A
© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017
 2017 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1, Solutions 2

OR
 πt 
Consider the graph of d (t ) = −5 cos  + 5 , with amp = 5 and period = 16.
8

First at its maximum at t = 8 1A

b. Solve d (t ) > 2.5

 πt 
−5cos   + 5 =2.5
 8 
 πt  1
cos   =
 8  2
For one cycle solutions are
πt π π
= , 2π −
8 3 3
π t π 5π
= , 1M
8 3 3
8 40
∴t = ,
3 3
Consideration of the graph, and discussion of cycles

32
40 8 32 2
We have 3 complete cycles with − = giving a time fraction each of 3 = .
3 3 3 16 3
28
180 152 28 7
We have an additional 12 minutes with − =giving a time fraction of 3 = . 1M
3 3 3 12 9
Time for 0 ≤ t ≤ 60 minutes when the depth of water is more than 2.5 metres equals
2 7 124
× 48 + ×12 = minutes.
3 9 3
124
124 31
Giving the fraction of time= =3
= 1A
60 180 45

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2017 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1, Solutions 3

Question 3
P ( x)= 5 x 3 − x 2 + x + 7 .
a. Using the factor theorem.
P(1) = 5 − 1 + 1 + 7 ≠ 0
.
P(−1) =−5 − 1 − 1 + 7 =0
∴ ( x + 1) is a factor 1A

b. Using a form of division

5 −1 1 7

−1 − 5 6 −7

5 −6 7 0

Q( x) = 5 x 2 − 6 x + 7 1A

c. Q( x) = 5 x 2 − 6 x + 7
∆ = ( −6 ) − 4 × 5 × 7 = 36 − 140 = −104
2

∆ < 0 giving no linear factors for Q( x) . 1A

dy
d. y = P ( x) has no stationary points, giving ≠ 0 over the domain R
dx
dy
= 15 x 2 − 2 x + 1 1A
dx
Minimum is at the turning point
−b 1
=
x = 1A
2a 15
OR
d2y
= 30 x − 2= 0
dx 2
1
x= 1A
15

e. Shape 1A
Intercepts 1A

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2017 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1, Solutions 4

Question 4
f ( x) = x sin( x) .
π 
f (π ) − f  
π  2
a. Average rate of change for  , π  equals
2  π
π−
2
π π 
π sin (π ) − sin  
=
2 2
π
π−
2 1M
π
0−
= 2
π
2
Average rate of change = −1 1A

b. f '(=
x) sin( x) ×1 + x cos(=
x) sin( x) + x cos( x) 1A

c. If f=
'( x) sin( x) + x cos( x) then ∫ ( sin( x) + x cos( x) ) dx =
x sin( x) + c 1M

Rearrange to get

∫ ( sin( x) ) dx + ∫ ( x cos( x) ) dx = x sin( x) + c

∫ ( x cos( x) ) dx = x sin( x) − ∫ ( sin( x) ) dx + c

π
2

∫ x cos( x)dx
0
We need

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2017 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1, Solutions 5

π π
2 2

x) ) dx [ x sin( x) ] − ∫ ( sin( x) ) dx
π

∫ ( x cos(
0
= 2
0
0
1M

π π 
sin   − 0 − [ − cos( x) ]02
π
=
2 2
π π 
= + cos   − cos ( 0 )
2 2
π
2
π
Giving ∫ x cos( x)dx=
0
2
−1 1A

Question 5
( )
log 2 (2 x − 2) 2 − 4 log 2 (1 − x) =
1

 (2 x − 2) 2 
log 2  4 
=1 1A
 (1 − x) 
(2 x − 2) 2
=2
(1 − x) 4
4( x − 1) 2
=2
( x − 1) 4
4
=2
( x − 1) 2
2 x2 − 4 x − 2 =0 1A
2± 8
x=
2
x= 1 ± 2
As x < 1
x= 1 − 2 1A

Question 6
 pˆ (1 − pˆ ) pˆ (1 − pˆ ) 
 pˆ − 2 , pˆ + 2 
 n n 
 
 1 4 1 4 
1 × × 
1
=  −2 5 5 , +2 5 5  1M
5 10 000 5 10 000 
 
 
1 4 1 4 
=  − 2 , +2 
5 250 000 5 250 000 
1 1 1 1 
=−  5 125 , 5 + 125  1A
 
 24 26 
= ,  1A
 125 125 

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 2017 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1, Solutions 6

Question 7
1
a. ∫ ( x ) dx
0
1
 x2 
= 
 2 0
1
=
2
 1 
a
1
∫1  x 2  dx = 2 1A
a
 1 1
− x  =
 1 2
1 1
− +1 =
a 2
1 1
− =−
a 2
a = 2 as required 1M

1
1 2
E(X )
b. = ∫ ( x ) dx + ∫  x  dx
2
1M
0 1
1
 x3 
=   + log e ( x ) 1
2
1M
 3 0
1
= + log e ( 2 ) − log e (1)
3
1
= + log e ( 2 ) 1A
3

Question 8
a. f ( x) = 3 4 − 2 x + 1
f ( x) = 3 −2 ( x − 2 ) + 1
Translate 2 units left and 11 units up.
1
As the graph has to be dilated by a factor of from the x-axis,
3
1+ d
the vertical translation can be worked by solving = 4,= d 11 .
3
f1 ( x) = 3 −2 x + 12
c=
−2, d =
11 1A
1
Dilate by a factor of from the x-axis.
3
f 2 ( x) = −2 x + 4
Dilate by a factor of 2 from the y-axis.
f3 ( x) = −x + 4
Reflect in the y-axis.

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 2017 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1, Solutions 7

g (=
x) x +4
1
a= −2, b = 2A
3
OR
x′ = a( x + c) = −2( x − 2)
a= −2, c = −2 1A
y −1 1
y ′= b( y + d )= + 4= ( y + 11) 1M
3 3
1
=b = , d 11 1A
3
OR
x′
x′ = a ( x + c), x = − c
a
y′
y′ = b( y + d ), y = − d 1M
b
y′  x′ 
− d= 3 4 − 2  − c  + 1
b a 
2 x′
y ′= 3b − + 4 + 2c + (1 + d )b
a
1
3=
b 1,= b
3
(1 + d )b = 4, d = 11
2
− = 1, a = −2
a
4 + 2c = 0, c = −2 1A 2 correct
2A all correct

b. y = 3 4 − 2 x + 1
Inverse swap x and y
x = 3 4 − 2 y +1
x −1
= 4 − 2y
3
( x − 1)
2
−1
f ( x)= 2− 1A
18
Domain [1,∞ ) 1A
( x − 1) 2
f −1 : [1, ∞ ) → R, f −1 ( x) =− +2
18

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2017 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1, Solutions 8

c. g ( f ( x=
)) 3 4 − 2x + 1 + 4 1A
Range [5,∞ ) 1A

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