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Lec 6-Determinants

This document summarizes key concepts about determinants from a Linear Algebra lecture. It discusses how every square matrix has an associated determinant, and how determinants can be zero, positive, or negative. It also outlines how to evaluate determinants of higher order matrices by expanding rows or columns, and how elementary row operations can be used to simplify evaluating determinants. Properties of determinants are presented, as well as how determinants relate to the inverse of a matrix and solving systems of linear equations.

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21 views32 pages

Lec 6-Determinants

This document summarizes key concepts about determinants from a Linear Algebra lecture. It discusses how every square matrix has an associated determinant, and how determinants can be zero, positive, or negative. It also outlines how to evaluate determinants of higher order matrices by expanding rows or columns, and how elementary row operations can be used to simplify evaluating determinants. Properties of determinants are presented, as well as how determinants relate to the inverse of a matrix and solving systems of linear equations.

Uploaded by

kolterarson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH301

Linear Algebra
Fall 2022

Lecture #7

• Determinants

Larson, R. and Falvo, D. (2008) Elementary Linear Algebra. 6th Edition. Brooks Cole.
Determinants

Every SQUARE matrix is associated with a real number called its determinant.
Determinants

The determinant of a matrix can be zero, positive or negative.


Minors and Cofactors of a Matrix
Minors and Cofactors of a matrix
Minors and Cofactors of a matrix
Minors and Cofactors of a matrix
Minors and Cofactors of a matrix
Determinant of matrix of order higher than 2

any row or column

Example
Determinant of matrix of order higher than 2

The determinant of a matrix can be evaluated by expanding any row or column.

Example
Determinant of matrix of order 3
Determinant of matrix of order 4

Example
Determinant of triangular matrices

det(𝐴) = 2(−1)(3) = −6
Evaluating a Determinant Using Elementary Row Operations

Which is easier to evaluate ? det(𝑨) Or det (𝑩)


Evaluating a Determinant Using Elementary Row Operations
Evaluating a Determinant Using Elementary Row Operations
Evaluating a Determinant Using Elementary Row Operations

Example
Zero Determinant
Properties of Determinants
Properties of Determinants
Evaluating a Determinant Using Elementary Row Operations

2 1 1 3 8 −8 13 0
1 −1 5 0 1 −1 5 0
𝐴 = =
3 2 6 0 3 2 6 0
−2 3 −4 1 −2 3 −4 1

8 −8 13
= 1 1 −1 5
3 2 6

0 0 −27
= 1 1 −1 5
0 5 −9

0 −27
= 1 (−1) = −1 ( 0 −9 − 27 5 ) = −135
5 −9
Determinants and the Inverse of a Matrix
Determinants and the Inverse of a Matrix
The Inverse of a Matrix and a Square system of Linear Equations
Square Systems and the Determinants

Square Coefficient matrix (𝑨): the number of equations equals to the


number of the unknowns

Calculate det(𝑨)

Non-homogeneous case Homogeneous case

det(𝑨) = 0 det(𝑨) ≠ 0 det(𝑨) = 0 det(𝑨) ≠ 0

• No Solution • One Solution •Infinite number of • One Solution


• Infinite number solutions (trivial solution)
of solutions
Square Systems and the Determinants
Square Systems and the Determinants
Solving a System of Linear Equations: Exercises
Solving a System of Linear Equations: Exercises

Find the value(s) of 𝑘 such that the following system of linear equation has
(a) One solution (b) No solution (c) Infinite number of solutions
Solving a System of Linear Equations: Exercises

Find the value(s) of 𝑘 such that the following system of linear equation has
(a) One solution (b) No solution (c) Infinite number of solutions
Matrix Inverse using Determinants

adj 𝐴 = 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐬𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐞 of the matrix of the 𝐜𝐨𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐬 of A.

adj(𝐴) =
Matrix Inverse using Determinants

T
adj(𝐴) =

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