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Data Representaion

Data in computers is represented in many ways, including binary, hexadecimal, color codes, ASCII, Unicode, file types, encryption, images, audio, and video. Binary uses only 1s and 0s to represent all data, while hexadecimal and color codes provide more human-readable alternatives. File extensions indicate file types. Encryption scrambles data into unreadable text without the key. Common audio and video formats compress sound and images into digital files.

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42 views13 pages

Data Representaion

Data in computers is represented in many ways, including binary, hexadecimal, color codes, ASCII, Unicode, file types, encryption, images, audio, and video. Binary uses only 1s and 0s to represent all data, while hexadecimal and color codes provide more human-readable alternatives. File extensions indicate file types. Encryption scrambles data into unreadable text without the key. Common audio and video formats compress sound and images into digital files.

Uploaded by

s.ebeid82
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data

representation
How is data represented in computers ?

Data is represented on computers by many ways like :

● Binary
● Hexadecimal
● Color
● ASCII
● Unicode
● File types
● Encryption
● Images
● Audio
● Video
Binary

Binary is the language of computers it


consists of 0’s and 1’s so it’s also named
base-two , each digit is a bit . It is used to
code everything in computers since it’s the
only language that computers understand .

0 Off

1 On
Hexadecimal

Hexadecimal consists of numbers from 0 to 9 and


letters from A to F so it’s named base-sixteen ,
each digit is four bits that means that a single
hex-digit is equal to four binary-digits . Hex-digits
use less memory so more numbers can be stored in
computer systems and it’s usually used in
programming languages .
Color

Color representation is very important in computers . Colors can be


represented by hexadecimal but it’s often represented by RGB , a
computer can represent 16 million colors while a human eye can only
see 10 million colors . In RGB colors can be represented in the following
method :

● Red 255,0,0
● Green 0,255,0
● Blue 0,0,255
● White 255,255,255
● Black 0,0,0

We can represent other colours by mixing each red , green and blue
together in different intensities .
ASCII

American Standard Code for


Information Interchange known as
ASCII , it’s the most used text
format used to represent data on
computers and the internet . ASCII
represents characters using only 8
bits , which means that there is a
limit to how many characters can
be represented.
Unicode

Unicode is also a text format but it’s different


than ASCII , ASCII can only represent latin
alphabets , symbols and numbers while
unicode represents all languages’ alphabets
, symbols , numbers and even emojis .
Unicode characters can be represented by 8 ,
16 , 24 or 32 bits so there are no limits to the
number of characters . The first 128 unicode
characters are the same as those at ASCII so
files , browsers and apps that works with
unicode will show the correct ASCII
characters .
File types

We can know the type of a file by


looking at it’s extension . Some popular
file extensions :

● Audio files .mp3


● Compressed files .zip
● Image files .png
● Video files .mp4
Encryption

Data encryption is a process where


readable text becomes unreadable text ,
the opposite of encryption is decryption
, it’s a process where unreadable text
becomes readable text . Decryption can
only happen if we know the encryption
key .
Images

Raster : Vector :
Raster images are images that are are made of Vector images are images that are made of
pixels . Some raster image files extensions :
lines , shapes and mathematical equations
● JPEG ( Joint Photographic Experts Group ) . Some vector image files extensions :
● PNG ( Portable Network Graphics )
● GIF ( Graphics Interchange format ) ● SVG ( Scalable Vector Graphics )
● BMP ( BitMaP ) ● EPS ( Encapsulated PostScript )
● TIFF ( Tagged Image File Format ) ● AI ( Adobe Illustrator )
● PDF ( Portable Document Format )
● DXF ( Drawing Exchange Format )
Audio

Audio is a multimedia type , digital microphones convert


sounds into binary so that they are recorded and changes
them to sound waves . Some audio files extensions :

● Lossless
❏ .flac
❏ .wav
❏ .aiff
❏ .dsf
● Lossy
❏ .mp3
❏ .aac
❏ .ogg
❏ .wma
Video

Videos are moving images


and audio waves together
.
Sources

● learn.udacity.com
● wikipedia.org

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