EXPERIMENT NO: 1 DATE: / /

AIM: Study about various machine learning tools

Objective: To Learn about Supervised Learning techniques

Machine Learning Real Examples

Given below are some real examples of ML:

Example 1:
If you have used Netflix, then you must know that it recommends you some movies or
shows for watching based on what you have watched earlier. Machine Learning is used for this
recommendation and to select the data which matches your choice. It uses the earlier data.

Example 2:
The second example would be Facebook.

When you upload a photo on Facebook, it can recognize a person in that photo and
suggest mutual friends. ML is used for these predictions. It uses data like your friend-list,
photos available etc. and it makes predictions based on that.

Example 3:
The third example is Software, which shows how you will look when you get older. This
image processing also uses machine learning.

All these are some examples that help us to understand how machine learning is used.
ML is similar to AI up to some extent, however, there is a difference between the two. It is
related to data mining.

How does Machine Learning Help us?

It helps through powerful processing.

With the help of machine learning, systems make better decisions, at a high speed and
most of the times they are accurate. Using this technique is inexpensive and it can analyze large
and complex data sets.

Most Popular Machine Learning Software Tools

1. Scikit-learn
Scikit-learn is for machine learning development in python. It provides a library for the
Python programming language.

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 1 | Page

 Features:
● It helps in data mining and data analysis.
● It provides models and algorithms for Classification, Regression, Clustering, Dimensional
reduction, Model selection, and Pre-processing.
Pros:
● Easily understandable documentation is provided.
● Parameters for any specific algorithm can be changed while calling objects.

2. PyTorch
PyTorch is a Torch based, Python machine learning library. The torch is a Lua based
computing framework, scripting language, and machine learning library.

Features:
● It helps in building neural networks through the Autograd Module.
● It provides a variety of optimization algorithms for building neural networks.
● PyTorch can be used on cloud platforms.
● It provides distributed training, various tools, and libraries.
Pros:
● It helps in creating computational graphs.
● Ease of use because of the hybrid front-end.

3.TensorFlow
TensorFlow provides a JavaScript library which helps in machine learning. APIs will
help you to build and train the models.

Features:
● Helps in training and building your models.
● You can run your existing models with the help of TensorFlow.js which is a model converter.
● It helps in the neural network.
Pros:
● You can use it in two ways, i.e. by script tags or by installing through NPM.
● It can even help for human pose estimation.
Cons:
● It is difficult to learn.

4.Weka
These machine learning algorithms help in data mining.

Features:

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 2 | Page

 ● Data preparation
● Classification
● Regression
● Clustering

● Visualization and
● Association rules mining.

Pros:
● Provides online courses for training.
● Easy to understand algorithms.
● It is good for students as well.
Cons:
● Not much documentation and online support are available.

5.KNIME
KNIME is a tool for data analytics, reporting and integration platform. Using the data
pipelining concept, it combines different components for machine learning and data mining.

Features:
● It can integrate the code of programming languages like C, C++, R, Python, Java,
JavaScript etc.
● It can be used for business intelligence, financial data analysis, and CRM.
Pros:
● It can work as a SAS alternative.
● It is easy to deploy and install.
● Easy to learn.
Cons:
● Difficult to build complicated models.
● Limited visualization and exporting capabilities.

6.Colab
Google Colab is a cloud service which supports Python. It will help you in building the
machine learning applications using the libraries of PyTorch, Keras, TensorFlow, and OpenCV

Features:
● It helps in machine learning education.
● Assists in machine learning research.
Pros:
● You can use it from your google drive.

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 3 | Page

 7.Keras.io
Keras is an API for neural networks. It helps in doing quick research and is written in
Python.

Features:
● It can be used for easy and fast prototyping.
● It supports convolution networks.
● It assists recurrent networks.
● It supports a combination of two networks.
● It can be run on the CPU and GPU.
Pros:
● User-friendly
● Modular
● Extensible
Cons:
● In order to use Keras, you must need TensorFlow, Theano, or CNTK.

8.Rapid Miner
Rapid Miner provides a platform for machine learning, deep learning, data preparation,
text mining, and predictive analytics. It can be used for research, education and application
development.

Features:
● Through GUI, it helps in designing and implementing analytical workflows.
● It helps with data preparation.
● Result Visualization.
● Model validation and optimization.
Pros:
● Extensible through plugins.
● Easy to use.
● No programming skills are required.
Cons:
● The tool is costly.

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 4 | Page

 EVALUATION:

Understanding / Timely
Involvement Total (10)
Problem solving Completion
(4) (3)
(3)

Signature

VIVA-VOCE QUESTIONS :
1.Is python programming language or scripting language? justify your statement.
2.List the different modes of running python scripts? 3.Mention five benefits of using
Python?
4.List the differences between compiler and interpreter? 5.What are the
supported data types in Python?
6.What is the command line argument?
7.How to represent complex numbers in python?
8.What is the importance of type conversion?
9.How to determine the type of a variable in Python? 10.How to assign multiple values to
variables in a single line in python? 11.How many reserved keywords are there in
python? 12.Write a print statement to display the output Hello”World”Everyone? 13.How
to write multiline statements in python?
14.What is an indentation error with an example?

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 5 | Page

 EXPERIMENT NO: 2 DATE: / /

AIM:

1. Write a program to perform different Arithmetic operations in python.

Objective:
∙ To study Python on different platforms.

∙ To study and implement python data types

Program :

a = int(input("enter a number"))
b = int(input("enter a number"))
print("Addition of numbers : ", a + b)
print("Subtraction of numbers : ", a - b)
print("Multiplication of numbers : ", a * b)
print("division of numbers :", a / b)
print("Modulo of numbers a%b : ", a % b)
print("Floor of numbers : ", a // b)

Output :

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 6 | Page

 2. Write a python program to check whether the given number is even or odd

Objective:
∙ To study Python on different platforms.

∙ To study and implement python data types

Program :

a = int(input("Enter a number"))
if (a % 2 == 0):
print("Number is even")
else:
print("Number is odd")

Output :

EVALUATION:

Involvement(4) Understanding/ Timely

Problem solving(3) Completion Total (10)

(3)

Signature

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 7 | Page

 EXPERIMENT NO: 3 DATE: / /

TITLE:

3.1 To Implement Python Programs for Looping and control structure.

OBJECTIVES: After completing study of this practical the students will be familiarized with...
➢ Concept of Branching Program.
➢ Concept of Iteration.

The Python for loop is an iterator based for loop. It steps through the items of lists, tuples, strings,
the keys of dictionaries and other iterables. The Python for loop starts with the keyword "for"
followed by an arbitrary variable name, which will hold the values of the following sequence
object.
for <variable> in <sequence>:
<statements>
else:
<statements>

Program :

for i in range(2, 8):

print(i)
else:
print("Break")

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 8 | Page

 Output:

3.2 To Implement Python Programs for control structure.

if Statements

The if statement is arguably the most used statement to control loops. For instance:

Program :

a = int(input("enter a number : "))

b = int(input("enter a number : "))
if a > b:
print("a is greater than b")
else :
print("b is greater than a")

Output:

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 9 | Page

 EVALUATION:

Involvement(4) Understanding/ Timely

Problem Solving(3) Completion Total (10)

(3)

Signature

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 10 | Page

 EXPERIMENT NO: 4 DATE: / /

TITLE: To Implement Python Programs to find the following pattern.

1. Left Triangle star pattern:

● The left triangle star pattern is a star pattern in the shape of a triangle. It is quite easy to create it.
● Steps to create a left triangle star pattern:
o Run a nested for loop where internal loop will run for number of times external loop
has run.
o Print stars in each iteration of the internal loop.
o Print a new line at the end of the internal loop.
o
4.1 Write a python program to find following pattern

1) Left Triangle Star Pattern In Python

*
**
***
****
*****

Program :

n=6
for i in range (0,n) :
for j in range(0,i+1):
print("*", end=" ")
print()

Output:

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 11 | Page

 2. Right triangle star pattern:
● The right triangle star pattern is a star pattern in the shape of a triangle as shown above. It is
similar to the left triangle star pattern but you will have to deal with spaces.

● Steps to create a right triangle star pattern:

o Create a loop that will run for the number of rows (size).
o Inside this we will have 2 loops, first will print spaces and second will print stars. (look at
pattern above)
o Spaces will be printed for size - i times and stars will be printed for i times. Where i is the
current row.
o Print a new line at the end of both internal loops.

4.2 Write a python program to find following pattern

1) Left Triangle Star Pattern In Python

*
**
***
****
*****

Program :

height = 5
for row in range(1, height+ 1):
print(" " * (height - row) +"*" * row)

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 12 | Page

 Output :

EVALUATION:

Involvement(4) Understanding/ Timely

Problem solving(3) Completion Total (10)

(3)

Signature

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 13 | Page

 EXPERIMENT NO: 5 DATE: / /

TITLE: To Implement Python Programs Strings

OBJECTIVES: After completing study of this practical the students will be familiarized with...
➢ Concept of Strings
➢ Methods that can be implemented on strings.

In Python, Strings are arrays of bytes representing Unicode characters.

Python does not have a character data type, a single character is simply a string with a length of 1.Square
brackets can be used to access elements of the string.
Strings in Python can be created using single quotes or double quotes or even triple quotes.

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 14 | Page

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 15 | Page
 1. Write a python program to find the length of a given string and reverse the same.

Program :

str= input("Enter your name : ")

print(len(str))
rstr= str [: : -1]
print(rstr)

Output:

2. Write a python program to check whether the string is in uppercase,lowercase and capitalized first
letter or not

Program :

string = input("Enter a string :")

print(string.isupper())
print(string.islower())
print(string.istitle())

Output :

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 16 | Page

 EVALUATION:

Involvement(4) Understanding Timely

/Problemsolving Completion Total (10)

(3) (3)

Signature

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 17 | Page

 EXPERIMENT NO: 6 DATE: / /

TITLE: To Implement Python Programs for reading .CSV Files

OBJECTIVES: After completing study of this practical the students will be familiarized with...
➢ Different methods for reading .CSV Files

Using the Pandas Library

Here we’re importing Pandas, a Python library used to conduct data manipulation and analysis. It
contains the .read_csv() method we need in order to read our csv file.

Data Set

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 18 | Page

 1. Write a Program to perform how to display.csv dataset structure using pandas.

Program :

import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split

import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv('Temp_dataset.csv')
data

Output:

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 19 | Page

 2. Write a Program to perform how to display top 5 data from .csv dataset using pandas.

Program :

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split

import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv('Temp_dataset.csv')
data.head()

Output :

EVALUATION:

Involvement(4) Understanding Timely

/ Problem Completion Total (10)

(3)

solving(3)

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 20 | Page

 Signature

EXPERIMENT NO: 7 DATE: / /

TITLE:TITLE:Program to perform different methods of Pandas on .CSV dataset.

1.Write a Program to perform how to display.csv dataset structure using pandas.

Program :
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv(‘Temp_dataset.csv’)
data.info()

Output:

2. Write a Program to perform how to display top 5 data from .csv dataset using pandas.

Program :
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv('Temp_dataset.csv')
data.head()

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 21 | Page

 Output:

EVALUATION:
Involvement(4) Understanding Timely
/ Problem Completion Total (10)

(3)

solving(3)

Signature

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 22 | Page

 EXPERIMENT NO:8 DATE: / /

TITLE: Implement functions to perform conditional operations on data frames using pandas.

1) Write a Program to perform Data Pre-processing on .csv dataset using pandas

Program :

import pandas as pd
input = pd.read_csv("Temp_dataset.csv")
from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder
input = input.apply(LabelEncoder().fit_transform)
input

Output:

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 23 | Page

 2) Write a Program to perform Train And Test Split on .csv dataset using pandas

Program :
target = input.apply(LabelEncoder().ft_transform)
target

x_train , x_test , y_train , y_test = train_test_split(input,target,test_size=0.3,random_state=42)

x_train
x_train.shape
x_test
x_test.shape

Output:

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 24 | Page

 EVALUATION:

Involvement(4) Understanding/ Timely

Problem Solving (3) Completion Total (10)

(3)

Signature

EXPERIMENT NO: 9 DATE: / /

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 25 | Page

 TITLE: Implement scatter plot,boxplot and histogram using pyplot library

1. Write a Program to Implement Decision Tree , Random Forest, NB ML models on .csv dataset using
pandas

Program :

Output:

EVALUATION:

Involvement(4) Understanding Timely

/ Problem Completion Total (10)

(3)

solving(3)

Signature

EXPERIMENT NO: 10 DATE: / /

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 26 | Page

 TITLE: Creating dataframes from pandas for csv and image files Program :

1. Implement scatter plot,boxplot and histogram using pyplot library

Program :

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
plt.scatter(data['company'],data['salary_more_then_50000'])
plt.xlabel("company")
plt.ylabel("Salary")
plt.show()

Output:

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 27 | Page

 2. histogram using pyplot library

Program :

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
data.columns
cdf=data[['company', 'job', 'degree', 'salary_more_then_50000']]
cdf.head()
viz=cdf[['company', 'job', 'degree', 'salary_more_then_50000']]
viz.hist(plt.show())

Output:

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 28 | Page

 EVALUATION:

Involvement(4) Understanding Timely

/ Problem Completion Total (10)

(3)

solving(3)

Signature

210020107081 PDS(3150713) 29 | Page