Scribd
Upload
23 views

Lecture 3 Intro To Computer System

This document provides an introduction to computer systems. It describes that a computer system has hardware and software. The hardware includes physical components like the CPU, memory, storage devices, and input/output components. The software includes the operating system and application programs. It then defines different types of computers from supercomputers to personal computers and mobile devices. It outlines the basic components and functions of a typical personal computer system.

Uploaded by

zeinkho219
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
23 views

Lecture 3 Intro To Computer System

This document provides an introduction to computer systems. It describes that a computer system has hardware and software. The hardware includes physical components like the CPU, memory, storage devices, and input/output components. The software includes the operating system and application programs. It then defines different types of computers from supercomputers to personal computers and mobile devices. It outlines the basic components and functions of a typical personal computer system.

Uploaded by

zeinkho219
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 28

INTRODUCTION TO

COMPUTER SYSTEM
STORES DATA OUTPUTS
INPUT DATA PROCESS DATA
AND INFORMATION
INFORMATION
John
Smith
2358 John Smith
2358 Smithville
Smithville
Road
Road
Movie 1 *Movie 1
Movie 2 *Movie 2
▪ HARDWARE: Parts of the computer that you can see and touch
For example: CPU, monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer, and other items
called hardware devices

▪ SOFTWARE : Instructions or programs that control the computer and tell the
hardware what to do.
For example: Operating System, Application Software, etc.
▪ SUPERCOMPUTER - a large very fast mainframe used especially for scientific
computations.
▪ MAINFRAME COMPUTER - Amainframe (also known as 'big iron') is a high-
performance computer used for large-scale computing purposes that require
greater availability and security. Sometimes called centralized systems.
▪ MINICOMPUTERS - a computer of medium power, more than a microcomputer
but less than a mainframe.
▪ MICROCOMPUTERS – a compact computer, with less capacity and capability
than a minicomputer, consisting of a microprocessor and other components.
▪ PERSONAL COMPUTER OR PC (DESKTOP) - a compact computer that uses a
microprocessor and is designed for individual use, as by a person in an office or at
home or school
▪ LAPTOP - a notebook is a portable personal computer with a clamshell form
factor, suitable for mobile use
▪ PERSONAL DIGITAL ASSISTANTS (PDA) - also known as a palmtop computer,
or personal data assistant, is a mobile device that functions as a personal
information manager.
▪ TABLETS PCs - A tablet is a wireless, portable personal computer with a touch
screeninterface. The tablet form factor is typically smaller than a notebook
computer but larger than a smartphone.
▪ 4 elements that make up the personal computer system

USER SOFTWARE HARDWARE ELECTRICITY


▪ FOUR MAJOR HARDWARE COMPONENT PARTS:
- Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Random Access Memory (RAM) /
- Input / Output(I/O) Devices
- Storage Devices

▪ INTERNAL / EXTERNAL COMPONENTS:

- Internal Device can be installed inside the system unit.


- External Device can be plugged into a connection on the computer.
▪ A system unit is the core of a computer
system
▪ A box that has electronic components to
process information
▪ CPU or microprocessor which act as a
“brain” of the computer.
▪ Random Access Memory (RAM) that
temporarily stores info that the CPU uses
while the computer is on. The information
stored in RAM is erased when the
computer is turned off.
▪ A motherboard is a
printed circuit board
containing the
principal components of
a computer or other
device, with connectors
into which other circuit
boards can be slotted.
▪ Expansion Slot – graphics card, memory

▪ PCI Slot – modem, sound card

▪ AGP – for 3D graphics


▪ CPU Slot – microprocessor chip

▪ RAM Slot – for additional memory


▪ Openings at the back of a system unit

▪ Allows you to expand component within the system box

Modem Card
Video Card
▪ CPU or Central Processing Unit

▪ Receives and executes instructions form


software activated by user.
▪ Process information and instruction at
different speeds measured in Megahertz
(Mhz) or Gigahertz (Ghz)
▪ Computer needs memory chips to store information

▪ Measured in bytes which 1 byte = 1 character

▪ Computers developed using a numbering system of 1s and 0s.

▪ These two digits make a bit and eight bits make 1 byte

1 kilobyte = 1,024 bytes or 1 thousand bytes


1 megabyte = 1,000,000,000 bytes or 1 million bytes
1 Gigabyte = 1,000,000,000,000 bytes or 1 Billion bytes
1 Terabyte = 1,000,000,000,000,000 bytes or 1 Trillion bytes

▪ Every file used in a software program by the computer has a specific file size.
▪ Group of integrated circuit responsible for:

- Starting a computer
- Checking the RAM
- Loading the OS
▪ Function only when the computer first turned
on or each time you restart (reboot) the
computer.
▪ Reads information entered and process during
the time it resides in the memory
▪ A random-access memory device
allows data items to be read and
written in roughly the same amount
of time regardless of the order in
which data items are accessed.
▪ Allow communication between the user and computer

▪ In simple terms, anything you used to enter information into a computer


considered input device, and anything used to display information in a computer
considered output device.
▪ Input / Output Device can be used to:

- send information to the computer.


- display / transmit info from the computer
- communicate between computers
MOUSE SCANNERS
KEYBOARD

MICROPHONE CD ROM / DVD DRIVE


PRINTER CRT MONITOR FLAT PANEL
MONITOR

PLOTTERS
SPEAKERS HEADSET
JOYSTICK
MODEM

DIGITAL CAMERA

GRAPHICS TABLET
▪ Store software programs and permanent record of work

FLOPPY DISK HARD DISK DRIVE CD DRIVE / WRITER DVD DRIVE


FLASH / MEMORY
CARDS

SUPERDISK

FLASH DISK
TAPE DRIVES
▪ Computers generally have one floppy disk drive, at least one hard disk drive, and
one CD drive.
▪ Each disk drive is assigned with letter and referred to as Drive [D]: or [D]

▪ Drives:
- Floppy Drives A or B
- Hard Drives C or higher for each hard drive installed
- CD/DVD Drives D or higher for each drive installed
- Network Drives F or higher for each network drive
▪ Can add or remove drives as required
▪ A printer transfers data from a computer onto paper.

▪ Different types of printers

DOT MATRIX INK JET PRINTER BUBBLE JET LASER PRINTER


PRINTER

You might also like