501-01-9035, Revision C Candela Corporation Proprietary, GentleMAX PRO Service Manual Service Manual Model: Gentle MAX PRO Candela Corporation 530 Boston Post Road Wayland, MA 01776-1886 Telephone (508) 358-7400 Toll Free (800) 733-8550 ext. 734 (Technical Assistance) Toll Free (800) 733-7400 ext. 740 (Customer Service) PIN 8501-00-9035, Revision C JULY 2012 Scanned with CamScanner weuype9a JO A109 uO Med eyGentle MAX PRO Service Manual Table of Contents SECTION ONE THEORY OF OPERATION 8501-00-4020 GentleMAX PRO Theory of Operation SECTION TWO SERVICE PROCEDURES 8503-01-0930 GMAX PRO Installation Procedures 8503-01-0931 GMAX PRO System Software Initialization Procedure 8503-01-0932 GMAX PRO Preventative Maintenance Procedure 8503-01-0933 GMAX PRO Laser Head Replacement Procedure 8503-01-0934 GMAX PRO Flash Lamp Replacement Procedure 8503-01-0935 GMAX PRO Laser Rail Alignment Procedure 8503-01-0936 GMAX PRO Focus Lens Replacement Procedure 8503-01-0937 GMAX PRO Calport Verification Procedure 8503-01-0938 GMAX PRO Performance Test Procedure 8503-01-0939 GMAX PRO HVPS Verification Procedure 8503-01-0940 GMAX PRO Aiming Beam Test Procedure 8503-01-0941 GMAX PRO Inspect and Clean Optics 8503-01-0942 GMAX PRO Internal Circuit Calibration Procedure 8503-01-0943 GMAX PRO Efficiency and Ramp Test Procedure 8503-01-0944 GMAX PRO DCD Pressure Verification Procedure 8503-01-0945 GMAX PRO DI Water Temperature Calibration Procedure 10-400-00151 GMAX PRO Performance and Usage Data Sheet 8503-01-0946 GMAX PRO Troubleshooting Guide Faults List SECTION THREE ENGINEERING SCHEMATICS 9914-80-9035 ‘System Schematic, GMAX PRO Dual Head 7111-80-2792 ‘Schematic Spectrum CPU 1/0 7111-80-2793 ‘Schematic AC Distribution PCB 7111-80-2798 ‘Schematic Spectrum HV Daughter Board 7111-80-2799 ‘Schematic Spectrum HV Split Cap PCB 7111-80-2804 Schematic HV Dump PCB GMAX PRO SECTION FOUR — ENGINEERING DRAWINGS 9914-91-9035 GMAX PRO Family Tree 9914-84-9035 Block Diagram Control System 10f 10 9914-84-9035 Block Diagram HV Modulator Section 20f 10 9914-84-9035 Block Diagram Modulator Control 3 of 10 9914-84-9035 Block Diagram DCD Delivery System 4of 10 9914-84-9035 Block Diagram ACC Delivery System 5 of 10 9914-84-9035 Block Diagram Specialty Delivery System 6 of 10 9914-84-9035 Block Diagram CALPORT 7 of 10 9914-84-9035 Block Diagram DCD Section 8 of 10 9914-84-9035 Block Diagram Laser Rail Section 9 of 10 9914-84-9035, Block Diagram Fluid Section 10 of 10 '8501-01-9035, Revision C ‘Candela Corporation Proprietary ~ Scanned with CamScannerGentle MAX PRO Service Manual ASSEMBLY DRAWINGSIBOM 7111-99-2792 7111-99-2793 71411-99-2798 7111-99-2799 7411-99-2800 7111-99-2807 7122-99-9250 7122-00-3660, 7122-89-3660 7122-00-9216 7122-99-9216 7122-00-9228 7122-98-9228 7122-00-9234 7122-99-9234 7122-00-9235 7122-99-9235 7122-00-9236 7122-99-9236 7122-00-9250 7122-99-9250 7122-00-9400 7122-99-9400 7122-00-9401 7122-99-9401 7122-00-9403 7422-99-9403 7122-00-9404 7122-99-9404 7122-00-9416 7122-99-9416 7122-00-9417 7122-99-9417 7122-00-9419 8501-01-9035, Revision © CPU VO PCB Drawing AC Distribution PCB Assembly Drawing HY Daughter Board Assembly Drawing HY Split Capacitor Board Assembly Drawing LCD Display Interface PCB Drawing DHP Dump PCB Drawing AC Section Wire Kit Drawing BOM, Assy Manifold DI Cartridge Heater Assy Manifold Dl Cartridge Healer BOM AC Section Assembly AC Section Assembly BOM Heat Exchanger Assembly Heat Exchanger Assembly BOM Tubing Kit Assembly Tubing Kit Assembly BOB DCD Assembiy DCD Assembly BOM DI Fiter/Cartridge Assembly DI Filter/Cartridge Assembly BOM AC Section Wiring Kit AC Section Wiring Kit BOM Assembly, DCD Electrical Cable Assembly, DCD Electrical Cable BOM DCD Hand Cable Assembly DCD Hand Cable Assembly BOM Assembly, ACC Electrical Cable Assembly, ACC Electrical Cable BOM ACC HP Cable Assembly ‘ACC HP Cable Assembly BOM Slider Attachment 12/15/18 Slider Attachment 12/15/18 BOM Slider Attachment 6/8/10 Slider Attachment 6/8/10 BOM Fiber Assembly ‘Candela Corporation Proptitary w Scanned with CamScanner oud ued7122-99-9419 7122-00-9429 7122-99-9429 7122-00-9430 7122-99-9430 7122-00-9432 7122-99-9432 7122-00-9435 7122-99-9435 7122-00-9437 7122-99-9437 7122-00-9441 7122-99-9441 7122-00-9448, 7122-99-9448, 7122-00-9449 7122-99-9449 7122-00-9456 7122-99-9456 7122-00-9457 7122-99-9457 7122-00-9458 7122-99-9458 7122-00-9460 7122-99-9460 7122-00-9529 7122-99-9529 7122-00-9537 7122-99-9537 7122-00-9557 7122-99-9557 7122-00-9560 7122-99-9560 7122-00-9561 7122-99-9561 '8501-01-9035, Revision C GentleMAX PRO Service Manual Fiber Assembly d BOM Right Panel Assembly Spectrum Right Panel Assembly Spectrum [ BOM Left Panel Assembly Spectrum. Left Panel Assembly Spectrum. BOM Aiming Beam Assembly Aiming Beam Assembly BOM Fiber Pole Assembly Fiber Pole Assembly BOM Fiber Cord and Hook Assembly Fiber Cord and Hook Assembly BOM GMAX DHP Display Bezel Assembly GMAX DHP Display Bezel Assembly BOM Top Panel GMAX PRO Assembly Top Panel GMAX PRO Assembly BOM Front Panel Assembly Front Panel Assembly = BOM Aiming Beam Mirror Aiming Beam Mirror BOM Head Detector Assembly Head Detector Assembly BOM Beam Splitter Assembly Beam Splitter Assembly BOM Display Bezel, Rear Display Bezel, Rear BOM Beam Blocker Assembly Beam Blocker Assembly BOM Fiber Pole Accessory Kit Fiber Pole Accessory Kit BOM GMAX DHP Head Rail Assembly GMAX DHP Head Rail Assembly BOM 1.5MM Slider Attachment Assembly 1.5MM Slider Attachment Assembly BOM 3MM Slider Attachment Assembly 3MM Slider Attachment Assembly Candela Corporation Proprietary v Scanned with CamScanner7122-00-9567 7122-99-9567 7122-00-9571 7122-99-9571 7122-00-9572 7122-99-9572 7122-00-9574 7122-99-9574 7122-00-9575 7122-99-9575 7122-00-9576 7122-99-9576 7122-00-9577 7122-99-9577 7122-00-9578 7122-99-9578 7122-00-9579 7122-99-9579 7122-00-9580 7122-99-9580 7122-00-9581 7122-99-9581 7122-00-9587 7122-99-9587 7122-00-9588 7122-99-9588 7122-00-9592 7122-99-9592 7122-00-9596 7122-99-9596 7122-00-9598 7122-99-9598 7122-00-9601 7122-99-9601 8501-01-9035, Revision C GentleMAX PRO Service Manual BOM Upper Chassis Assembly Upper Chassis Assembly BOM GMAX DHP Tubing Kit GMAX DHP Tubing Kit BOM GMAX DHP Alex Head Assembly GMAX DHP Alex Head Assembly BOM Fiber Receptacle Assembly Fiber Receptacle Assembly BOM Focus Lens Housing Assembly Focus Lens Housing Assembly BOM GMAX DHP Beam Combiner Assembly GMAX DHP Beam Combiner Assembly BOM GMAX DHP Turning Mirror Assembly GMAX DHP Turning Mirror Assembly BOM GMAX DHP YAG Head Assembly GMAX DHP YAG Head Assembly BOM HV Section Assembly HV Section Assembly BOM HV Wire Harness Assembly HV Wire Harness Assembly BPM DHP AC Section Assembly DHP AC Section Assembly BOM DHP Fiber Bundle Assembly DHP Fiber Bundle Assembly BOM GMAX DHP Intermediate Lens Assembly GMAX DHP Intermediate Lens Assembly BOM Flow Switch 0.50GPM Assembly Flow Switch 0.50GPM Assembly BOM Spectrum Signal Hamess Assembly Spectrum Signal Hamess Assembly BOM Fluid Section Assembly Fluid Section Assembly BOM Frame Assembly Frame Assembly Candela Corporation Proprietary v Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX PRO Service Manual 7122-00-9602 BOM GMAX PRO Specialty DCD Handpiece Cable Assembly 7122-99-9602 GMAX PRO Specialty DCD Handpiece Cable Assembly 7122-00-9604 BOM Skins Kit GMAX PRO Assembly 7122-99-9604 Skins Kit GMAX PRO Assembly 7122-00-9608 BOM CALPORT Assembly 7122-99-9608 CALPORT Assembly 8501-01-4 fevision 9035, Revision C Candela Corporation Proprietary uw Scanned with CamScanneri GentleMax PRO Service Manual INTRODUCTION At the conclusion of each service call final closing-up steps should be performed including exiting Maintenance Mode and replacing the system panels. The GMAX PRO laser system must be turned off when replacing all panels/dust covers. Whenever any service is performed on a GMAX PRO laser system, the Performance and Usage Data Sheet should be filled out completely after the system is closed up. The laser must be pulsed and tested in User Mode to make sure that nothing has been disturbed during the installation of all dust covers and panels. You must verify that the system is ready to be used by the customer and that all previous parameters set by the customer are the same as when you arrived, including the footswitch to handpiece setting, if customer was not using the footswitch. ee WARNING FOLLOW THE INSTALLATION STEPS IN SEQUENCE TO ELIMINATE ANY POSSIBLE DAMAGE TO THE SYSTEM. Warnings, Cautions, and Precautions ‘Observe the following warnings and cautions when using the Candela Corporation GMAX PRO Laser system. Warning: WARNING! ‘The electrical and laser radiation hazards present during servicing of the GMAX PRO Laser can be extremely dangerous if proper safety precautions are not taken. Consequently, the GMAX PRO Laser is to be serviced only by those qualified technicians who have received appropriate training on the GMAX PRO Laser from Candela, and who are familiar with the safety considerations discussed in this manual. WARNINGL The GMAX PRO Laser system has been designed for the safest possible operation and maintenance. However, any laser system can cause injury if itis not properly installed, operated, moved or serviced, and the GMAX PRO Laser is no exception. The potential hazards associated with the GMAX PRO Laser are: ocular (vision) damage resulting from exposure to direct or reflected laser radiation, electrical shock from contact with high voltage electrical components inside the system, and physical injury incurred while moving the system. WARNING! £8501-01-9035, Revision C Candela Corporation Proprietary w Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX PRO Service Manual Invisible and visible laser radiation. Avoid eye or skin exposure to direct or scattered radiation. Class 4 laser product (Per EN60825-1: 2002-07) WARNING! ‘The Preset Treatment Parameters and Clinical Treatment Guidelines do not take the place of the procedures and instructions found in the Operator's Manual. Failure 10 Use this laser in accordance with such procedures and instructions could result in serious injury to the operator, the patient, and others, as well as damage to the laser system Follow OSHA and ANSI standards for laser safety. Protective eyewear must be worn by all persons in the treatment room during laser operation. Check the delivery system for any damage (i.e. dropped), Discontinue use of your laser delivery system if you suspect a problem. WARNING! Always put the laser system into Standby or tur it off before attempting to check, clean, and/or replace the Delivery System, Handpiece, Slider Attachments, or Distance Gauge. WARNING! Always recalibrate the laser after fixing, cleaning, or replacing the Delivery System, Handpiece, or Slider Attachments and/or Windows. Failure to initiate a calibration after cleaning/replacing the Handpiece, Slider Attachments, Windows, and/or Delivery System may result in the delivery of excessive laser energy. WARNING! Ensure that the spot size on the Slider Aitachment and Distance Gauges match the spot size displayed in the spot size field on the display panel. Failure to do so can result in the delivery of improper energy to the patient. WARNING: Do not operate the laser if the aiming beam is on but not present when itis turned on! This may be an indication of a broken fiber optic. If the aiming beam is on but is not present, replace the Fiber Cable. If this does not correct the problem, call Technical Support. Cautions: Caution! Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure. Caution! Federal (USA) law restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a physician. Caution! £8501-01-9035, Revision © Candela Corporation Proprietary vu Scanned with CamScanneral GentleMAX PRO Service Manual Do not enter the Ready state without a Delivery Syst i stall i Do not aus te ety ie vi ry System installed and without having Caution! Before the laser system is tuned on, a Slider Attachment must be installed in the Hand piece. Caution! Slider Attachment lenses and the tips of the fiber cable may be damaged from exposure to dust particles or any other foreign particles that may deposit on their surfaces. Particles on these surfaces will burn and leave a deposit when exposed to laser energy. This may lead to lower fiber or Slider Attachment transmission and/or failure of the assembly. In order to reduce the probability of mechanical damage, please observe the following guidelines. Cautioi To reduce the risk of personal injury and damage to the Delivery System cables, use the Fiber Pole to support the delivery system at all times. When not in use, insert the Handpiece in the holder on the right side panel or in the Calibration Port. This removes excess slack from the Delivery System cables and reduces the possibilty ‘of damage to property and/or personal injury from stepping on or tripping on the cable or running the wheels over it. Caution! When using the Fiber Pole to support the Delivery System, make sure there are no sharp bends in the Delivery System cables. The laser system can be damaged if the cable is subjected to excessive bending. To prevent damage, never pulse the laser system if the Delivery System cable bend radius is less than six inches. Optical Hazards: WARNING! ‘The laser operates at 755 nm and at 1064 nm, which lies in the invisible, near- infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The laser beam emitted by the GMAX PRO is capable of causing loss of vision. Energy emitted by this Laser System that enters the eye will likely be focused directly on the retina. Direct contact of the laser beam on the retina can cause temporary clouded vision, retinal lesions, ong-term scotoma (vision absence in an isolated area), long term photophobia (sensitivity to light) and/or loss of vision. WARNING! 8501-01-9035, Revision C Candela Corporation Proprietary « Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX PRO Service Manual Use only safety eyewear that is known to have an optical density (0.D.) of > 5.8 for 745 - 765 nm and an optical density (0.D.) of > 6.3 for 1061 — 1065 nm. Safety ‘eyewear that is designed for use with other laser systems may not provide adequate protection. WARNING! Nominal Ocular Hazard Distance (NOHD). The laser aperture of the GMAX PRO Laser System is at the distal end of the Handpiece. The beam enlarges as the distance from the Handpiece increases. The Nominal Ocular Hazard Distance (NCHD) is the distance at which the beam is so big it is no longer dangerous to the unprotected eye. The distance along with the full angle beam divergence for each spot size is shown in the Table below. Vision Hazards GentleMAX PRO Laser System NOHD Zone and MPE sSnm 1064 nm NA 2a NA 55 156 252 170 282 164 7266] TI 158 120 157 77 755] WARNING! To avoid vision hazards, everyone (including service personnel) within the NOHD where the laser is operating must wear appropriate eye protection available from Candela, Such eyewear provides adequate protection against reflected or scattered laser radiation, or inadvertent brief exposure to the laser beam. Laser safety eyewear should be stored away from direct sunlight at temperatures of 65°F - 75°F or 18° - 24°C. £8501-01-9035, Revision C Candela Corporation Proprietary Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX PRO Service Manual WARNING! During laser procedures, the patient's eyes must be protected. The opaque patient goggles provided by Candela are appropriate for most patients. It is recommended to place gauze sponges under the opaque patient goggles to ensure that the patient's eyes remain closed. In addition, the opaque goggles do not fit well if used on infants or small children. Gauze sponges can be used when moistened with water and taped over the eyelids or a moistened facecloth can be held over the eyes are recommended. If the patient is asleep, the eyes should be taped closed and covered with moistened gauze sponges. : WARNING! Even when wearing protective eyewear, looking directly into the path of the laser beam may cause permanent eye damage. Caution! The laser beam emitted by the GMAX PRO Laser System should never be directed at any part of the body other than the intended site of treatment or testing. Caution! Removal of any of the exterior panels could allow access to hazardous levels of laser radiation. For this reason, these panels are designed not to be easily removable; they must not be removed except by authorized Candela trained service personnel. Electrical and Mechanical Hazards: WARNING! The GMAX PRO Laser converts and amplifies the AC line voltage to produce extremely high voltages inside the laser system which are very dangerous, even lethal. It is possible for high voltage components to retain a charge after the power supply has been turned off, and even after the laser has been disconnected from the line voltage or wall receptacle. Therefore, no part of the laser interior should be opened or exposed, except by trained and authorized technicians, WARNING! The GMAX PRO laser delivery systems utilize fiber optics that can be damaged if installed or subjected to excessive bending. To avoid damage to the optical fiber, limit bends to a radius of 6 inches (15 cm) or greater. Failure to follow recommended procedures may lead to damage to the fiber or delivery system and/or harm to the patient or operator. When damaged, the fiber or delivery system becomes a potential fire hazard. 8501.01-9035, Revision © Candela Corporation Propistary ” Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX PRO Service Manual WARNING! Although the GMAX PRO Laser system is well balanced, it weighs more than 250 pounds (almost 150 kg) and may cause injury if proper care is not used when ‘moving it. The system should always be moved carefully and slowly. Caution! To prevent the laser from moving, both front wheels must be locked. To lock the wheels, step down on the tabs on the front of the wheels. To unlock, step down on the top (smaller) tabs. Chemical Hazards There are no known chemical hazards associated with the GMAX PRO Laser ‘System. Cryogen: This laser system uses a Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) or cryogen in the Dynamic Cooling Device (DCD). Inhalation: If high concentrations are inhaled, immediately move to fresh air. Keep person calm. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give ‘oxygen. Call a physician, ‘Skin Contact: If large amounts of cryogen contact the skin due to a leak or rupture in the cryogen system, flush skin immediately with water and call a Physician to check for frostbite. Treat for frostbite if necessary by gently warming affected area. Eye Contact: In case of eye contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Call a physician Ingestion: Ingestion is not considered a potential route of exposure. WARNING! IMPORTANT NOTE TO PHYSICIANS Because of possible disturbance of cardiac rhythm, catecholamine drugs such as epinephrine should only be used with special caution in situations, when performing emergency life support. See MSDS sheet, Candela PIN 8501-00-1701. £8501-01-9035, Revision © Candela Corporation Proprietary a Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX PRO Service Manual Labels and Symbols The GentleMAX PRO laser system has been labeled in accordance with domestic and ‘international agency standards. All operators should be familiar with the location and meaning of the labels. Table 2-1 List of Labels and Symbols | __Say es:tor CAUTION: Consult accompanying documents Protected by one or more US. Patent(s) 5,599,342, 6,514 244 US. patents that may cover the laser system 5.814.040; 6.171.301 aS EVE WARNING: CONSULT SERVICE MANUAL FOR FUSE REPLACEMENT. REPLACE ONLY WITH ORIGINAL TYPE AND RATING. WARNING consutr service IANUAL FOR FUSE REPLACEMENT, REPLACE ONLY WITH ORIGIAL TYPE AND RATING. ki CAUTION: Tip hazard when transporting the i laser system. Laser emission characteristics and classification per the IECIEN standards 8501-01-9035, Revision C ‘Candela Corporation Proprietary xa Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX PRO Service Manual SSC Location of the footswitch control hose connection on the rear of the laser system WARNING: HIGH VOLTAGE = Location of the remote interlock circuit that a 7 i connects to the laser treatment room door switch to shutdown the laser system should a person i enter the laser treatment room during laser Prcaurion CAUTION: Class 4 visible and invisible radiation when open. Avoid eye or skin exposure to direct or scattered radiation. Protective panel encloses a Class 4 laser light Location of the USB software upgrade port Complies wth FDA parerance andarce , Selected requirements under CDRH 21 CFR for Geviatons pursuant 1 1040.10 & 1040.11 were waived for comparable eer tictee Ho. 60, IEC requirements as allowed by Laser Notice 50 sited June 24, 2007 peoer ent) Ay H,O Reservoir is filled with distilled or deionized water and should be kept full #501-01-9035, Revision C Candela Corporation Proprietary av Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX PRO Service Manual a EEE Hand - the delivery system is “electrostatic b R i sensitive” Man - the delivery system is equipped with a “Type B" applied part in accordance with IEC/EN 60601-1 The laser system emits laser energy APERTURE TOREDULE NO on GF CAUTION: To reduce the risk of shock, do not SHOCK_DO NOT REMOVE. remove covers. Refer servicing to qualified EOVERSLREFER SE RMICRIG TO servi L GUALFED SERVICE PERSONS ice personnel. CAUTION: Lethal voltages may be present on the capacitor after system is off. Use a HV meter to verify voltage has been discharged before servicing. Hot surface when laser system is on. Do not touch, Refer to the system Operator's Manual for complete information on safe operation. 8501-01.9036, Revision C Candela Corporation Proprietary Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX PRO Service Manual Sa _____" 755 Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive Label - the laser system and itS components cannot be disposed of as regular trash. Contact Candela for disposal information. CE ores} VA rating, model number, serial number, and date and place of manufacture. The label also includes the CE mark (in the lower left comer of the label) with the registration number of Candela's ISO Registrar. When present, this marking indicates ‘compliance with the European Medical Device Directive comouate esp puri ase at cenrompte canent ‘The laser system is approved to ETL standards. 8501-01-9035, Revision C Candela Corporation Proprietary xvi Scanned with CamScannerPart One Theory of Operation NM ee Gee! Scanned with CamScanner= a GentleMtAx Pro Theory of Operation SYSTEM OVERVIEW GentleMAX Pro The GentleMAX Pro system is a solid state laser capable of delivering energy at wavelengths of 755 nm or 1064nm. The laser system contains two separate laser heads, an Alexandrite and a Nd:YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) which, when pulsed, produce laser energy emitted at nominal wavelengths of 755 nm and 1064 nm, respectively. The outputs of the two laser heads are optically combined on the laser rail so that their beam paths are identical as they exit the laser system. This allows the use of a single delivery system which can output either the 755 nm or 1064 nm wavelengths. The output energy is delivered to the skin through an optical fiber delivery system. The GentleMAX PRO is configurable for use with the DCD, which is internal to the system, or Used in conjunction with an extemal air cooling compatible (ACC) system. There are three diferent delivery system configurations Standard DCD handpiece which consist of an optical fiber, handpiece and slider attachements to support 6, 8, 10, 12, 15 and 18 mm spot sizes + Specialty DCD, which supports 1.5 mm and 3mm spot sizes ‘ACC delivery system with and air clip for connection to an external cooling device and slider attachments to support 6, 8, 10, 12, 15 and 18 mm spot sizes ‘The GentleMAX Pro is capable of variable pulse durations ranging from 0.25ms to 100ms using single and multiple sub-pulse outputs. Laser pulsing is activated by either a foot switch '8501-00-4020 Revision OF ‘Candela Proprietary Page 1 of 40 Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX Pro Theory of Operation or a finger switch located on the delivery system handpiece. Only one method is active at @ time and is user selectable from the GUI. Two pulsing modes are available: * Single Pulse Mode: Each depression of the trigger switch generates a single pulse. + Repeat Pulse Mode: Continuous pulses are delivered at the rate selected when the trigger switch is continuously depressed. Single pulse mode is enabled by selecting it from the rep rate settings on the GUI. Repeat pulse mode is active whenever a pulse duration other than Single is selected and the available selections range from 0.5Hz to 10Hz depending on the spot size, fluence and pulse duration settings. The GentleMAX Pro operates from an input line voltage of 180 to 264 VAC at 50/60 Hz and there are no adjustments required on the laser to operate over this voltage range. The system does not contain an isolation transformer. All of the components that are directly connected to the AC input were chosen for low line leakage current to ensure the systems meets the leakage current requirements of IEC-60601. Maximum power drawn by the laser system is 4600VA at 230 VAC input. The thermal load for the laser system is 2200W (7508 BTU/hr) when in STANDBY and 4000W (13,649 Btu/hr) when in READY. All fans used are operated from 24 VDC so their performance is constant for low or high AC input line voltage and for 50 or 60 Hz power sources. There are a total of 7 fans in the system: 1. One is built into the high voltage power supply (HVPS). 2. One fan is mounted to the rear of the frame to cool the AC module area. 3. One is mounted in the HP Assembly. 4. Two are mounted to the heat exchanger (Firmware controlled based on fluid temperature); other fans turn on as soon as the system is powered on). One in the Upper Chassis Section. One in the DCD Section. The GentleMAX Pro contains a closed loop fluid system that maintains the laser heads at a constant temperature. The fluid is deionized (or distilled) water and is maintained at 65°C. (149°F) to obtain optimum performance from the ALEX laser head and allow efficient system cooling. A 2000 Watt heater is used to heat the water to operating temperature. A liquid to air heat exchanger with two fans removes heat when the laser is being operated to maintain the water at its proper temperature. ee An initial warm-up time of approximately 12 minutes (from a cold start) is required for the deionized water to reach operating temperature. This time can vary depending on the ambient temperature in the room and the line voltage (the heater wattage varies with line voltage). The warm-up time of the cryogen canister is about 10 minutes thus the system warm-up time is usually less than 12 minutes, The CPU 1/0 PCB uses a PIC DSP33 microprocessor to monitor and control all of the system hardware I/O functions. A serial interface provides communications between the PIC DSP33 and an Atom based ETX board running windows CE. The ETX board configured with RAM and a solid state IDE flash drive provides the Graphical User Interface (GUI) on a 10.4" SVGA, LCD Display with a resistive touch screen and a USB data port. A built in Maintenance Mode accessed through the GUI gives the service technician access to system status and control functions for debug, repair and maintenance. The USB Port located n the rear of the Display bezel provides a means to download a log file containing laser '8501-00-4020 Revision 07 Candela Proprietary Page 20f 40 Scanned with CamScanner} —____ Gentieax Pro Theory of Operation parornance data and also a means upgrade GUI and 1/0 firmware revisions from a memory slic For purposes of technical review, the laser can be divided into four major subsections: + Optical System © RAILICAPLORT MODULE © DELIVERY SYSTEM MODULE © DCD Module © Fluid Module + Electronics © AC Module o HV Module © CPUI/O Module + Performance © Rep Rate & fluence ranges Pulse Durations Each section will be addressed in this theory of operation. The system fiemware will not be discussed unless it is required to explain the functioning of the laser. Detailed information on the system firmware is covered in the GenlleMAX Pro Software Development Plan 1010-18- 3268 SERVICE NOTE ‘Whenever maintenance or repair of the laser system is required be sure to adhere to the following safety statements: WARNING The electrical hazards present during servicing of the GentleMAX Pro can be extremely dangerous and lethal if proper precautions are not taken. The GentleMAX Pro should be serviced only by qualified technicians who have received appropriate training on the GentleMAX Pro. WARNING During servicing of the laser system use only safety eyewear known to have an optical density of 5.8 or more at 755 nm + 10 nm and eyewear with an optical density of 6.3 or more for 1064 nm. Safety eyewear designed for use with other laser systems may not provide adequate protection. OPTICAL SYSTEM ‘A drawing of the optical system is shown in Figure 1. The optical assemblies located inside the laser system are the laser rail and the calibration port. The Laser Rail contains the following: |. ALEX and YAG Laser Heads I. Beam Shutter Assembly Ill. Turning Mirror IV. Beam Combiner '850-00-4020 Revision Of Candela Proprietary Page 30f 40 Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX Pro Theory of Operation V. Intermediate Lens VI. Aiming Beam Assembly Vil. Head Detector Assembly Vill. Fiber Receptacle Assembly Alll of the above components are precisely located on the laser rail with pins, Laser Rail alignment is required for the laser head beam to aim into the fiber receptacle. The fiber receptacle is pre-aligned and normally does not require alignment unless the lenses are replaced in the field (However, it should be, at a minimum, verified at each service call) The other two optical assemblies are: IX. Optical Fiber Delivery System (includes-optical fiber, Slider and Slider Attachments), which connects to front of laser X. Calport Detector Assembly (Not on laser rail) |. Alexandrite and ND:YAG Laser Heads The Alexandrite laser head contains two identical flashlamps (8 mm bore, 4 inch arc length, 700 torr) connected in series and the Alexandrite rod. The Alexandrite rod ends are coated to form the laser resonator. The partial reflector is 81.5% reflective and the high reflector is 99.9% reflective. The rod is orientated in the laser head in such a way to prevent “hot spots” in the laser beam, which could damage the proximal end of the fiber. The ND:YAG laser head contains the Nd:YAG rod and also has two identical flashlamps of the same type as the Alexandrite head. The Nd:YAG rod ends are coated to form the laser resonator. The partial reflector is 42.5.5% +/-2.5% reflective and the high reflector is 99.9% reflective. Operation of the Nd:YAG laser head at more than 99 Joules of laser output energy could greatly reduce the lifetime of the head. Operation of the Alexandrite laser head at more than 66.3 Joules of laser output energy could greatly reduce the lifetime of the head. Therefore, maximum delivered energy and fiuencies are determined by this maximum head energy and realistic delivery system transmission. Since the laser rods have the optical reflectors coated on the ends, there is no laser head alignment required; but alignment into the Fiber Receptacle is required. Caution should be used when servicing the laser heads since a damaged high reflector coatings can allow significant laser energy to exit the rear end of the laser rod A metal cover is mounted over the laser rail to protect the optics from dust contamination. It also protects the service technician from the high voltages present in the vicinity of the laser head and from optical hazards. Unless required for trouble-shooting and alignment, the laser should not be pulsed with the laser cover removed. If the cover is removed, it should be replaced as soon as possible and the laser should never be left with the laser cover off. When the laser is in Ready state, never touch the laser head or rest test equipment on it as it is only a trigger switch away from being pulsed. Therefore, use extreme caution when servicing the laser head. 8501-00-4020 Revision 07 Candela Proprietary Page 4 of 40 Scanned with CamScanner___Gentlemtax Pro Theory of Operation Figure 1 LASER RAIL BLOCK DIAGRAM. il, Beam Shutter Assembly The beam shutter allows laser light to pass on to the fiber coupling lenses when itis energized. Normally it is not energized so it blocks any laser light exiting the partial reflector end of the laser head. A ceramic block is mounted to the surface of the beam shutter blade so that its in line with the laser beam when the shutter is in the blocking position. The ceramic block reflects most of the laser energy that hits it and absorbs the rest. The reflected laser light is dispersed in a divergent pattern. The beam shutter does get hit with laser eneray during a bleeder pulse when entering Ready State to discharge the capacitor voltage to support the calibration routine, The beam shutter is also used as a safety device to prevent laser energy from exiting the laser system under fault conditions. The beam shutter is controlled by firmware on the CPU /O PCB. It can not be opened unless the Firmware command is present. A slotted optical switch on the shutter assembly is used to sense the position of the shutter. The sensor is positioned so that it detects infrared light from the LED side of the optical switch when the shutter is in the laser beam path. When the shutter is energized and moves out of the beam path, the infrared light is blocked by the back end of the shutter blade. The firmware will only allow the laser system to enter the Ready state if the beam shutter is blocking the laser beam path in Standby state. I, Turning Mirror The turning mirror is a fused silica mirror that is reflects more than 99% of the Alexandrite beam 90 degrees onto the beam combiner. \V. Beam Combiner 30190-4020 Revision 07 Candela Proprietary Page 5 of 40 Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAx Pro Theory of Operation The beam combiner assembly contains a dichroic beamsplitter and has two purposes. First it combines both laser beams by transmitting the ND:YAG beam and reflecting the Alexandrite beam. Second it aligns the Alexandrite laser beam onto the fiber receptacle lens. V. Intermediate Lens The intermediate lens is adjustable and used to center the YAG beam onto the fiber receptacle, It also reduces the beam size onto the fiber receptacle lens allowing the use of smaller diameter lenses. Vi. Aimit m Assembl The Aiming Beam Assembly consists of a Green LED which works in the 525-550 nm range. In User mode the operator can choose from different settings of brightness. In MM mode the service technician can control the LED brightness via % duly cycle. The aiming beam reflects off a mirror and onto the beam splitter. The beam splitter has a special coating on one side that reflects the aiming beam and transmits the Alexandrite and YAG beam. The ail beam reflects off the beam splitter into the fiber receptacle focusing lenses where it is focused into the fiber. There is an optical filter immediately after the LED to block 755nm and 1064nm back reflections. Vil. Head Detector Assembly The head detector assembly is between the fiber recepticle assembly and beam shutter assembly. The head detector assembly consists of a beam splitter, ceramic disc, and fiber port. The beam splitter is at 15° to the input beam. This allows the input side of the beam splitter to be uncoated and reflect 3.5%. The other side of the beam splitter is coated to reflect at least 50% of the aiming beam and transmit the Alexandrite and YAG beams. In this way, the majority of the reflected beam into the head detector is from an uncoated surface, so there are no signal strength variations due to an optical coating. The reflected beam transmits thru a ceramic diffuser which homogenizes the transmitted beam. The transmitted beam. floods the end of a fiber optic cable so a small portion of the beam is transmitted down the fiber to a photodiode on the CPU /0 PCB. The photodiode detector on the laser CPU 0 PCB converts the optical signal to a current pulse. This current pulse is processed and calibrated before being sent on to the firmware to measure the actual energy out of the laser head. The head detector is used to control the energy in the beam by using the measurements to adjust the pulse duration and voltage within allowed limits. Vill. Fiber Receptacle The fiber receptacle assembly contains two lenses which are used to couple the laser beam onto the end of the fiber. The lenses are designed and located so that the proximal tip of the fiber is at the focal point of the lenses. This causes the laser beam diameter to be 1.2 mm on the 1.5 mm diameter fiber resulting in maximum coupling efficiency, good beam profile, and lifetime. They are designed to be field replaceable. If lens replacement is performed, itis important to note the orientation of the existing lenses so that the new lenses are installed properly. The proximal end of the fiber is inserted into the fiber receptacle and locked into Position with ball plungers on the fiber assembly. A microswitch mounted inside the fiber receptacle is used to allow the firmware on the CPU /O PCB to detect the presence of a fiber. This same signal is used by firmware to prevent operation of the high voltage power supply without a fiber installed. If the laser is turned on and the fiber is removed, the firmware will assume that a new fiber has been installed and it will clear out the existing calibration table stored by the firmware. This will cause the laser system to perform a full calibration the next '8501-00-4020 Revision 07 ‘Candela Proprietary Page 6 of 40 Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAx Pro Theory of Operation time the laser is put into Ready state. The laser can be pulsed in Maintenance Mode without the fiber. IX. Delivery System There are three different delivery systems configurations: * DCD Delivery System, which consists of: ° 0000 DCD cabled handpiece Fiber Assembly 618/10 mm Slider Attachment 12/15/18 mm Slider Attachment 6/8, 10, 12, 15, and 18 mm distance gauges (the 6 mm and 8 mm spot sizes, share the same distance gauge). * Specialty DCD Delivery System, which consists of: ° ° DCD cabled handpiece Fiber Assembly (same as on DCD Delivery system) 1.5 mm Slider Attachment 3mm Slider Attachment 1.5, 3mm distance gauges * ACC Delivery System, which consists of: ° ° ° ° ° Dep D ACC cabled handpiece Fiber Assembly (same as on DCD Delivery system) 6/8/10 mm Slider Attachment 12/15/18 mm Slider Attachment 6/8, 10, 12, 15, and 18 mm distance gauges (the 6 mm and 8 mm spot sizes share the same distance gauge). Air Clip ry System This delivery system has the DCD cabled handpiece which is used to deliver the DCD cryogen spray just prior to the lasing energy. See Figure DS-1. The DCD Delivery System has the DCD components incorporated in it. The DCD components in the lower section of the handpiece (HP) assembly consist of the cryogen valve, cryogen nozzle (0.020" ID), and HP Bubble PCB. There is also a fan in this section for keeping it cool to reduce bubble faults. There is a serviceable filter in front of this fan that can be cleaned or replaced by removing the cover. '8501-00-4020 Revision 01 Candela Proprietary Page 7 of 40 Scanned with CamScannersntleMAX Pro Theory of Operation Standby/Ready Fiter cover Finger Switch Figure Ds Window Holder Air vent Slider Lock 1 of 4nozzle DCD Deliver adjusters The upper section of the handpiece contains the HP Sensor PCB, the DCD Electrical cable, the finger switch, the Standby/Ready button the slider lock button, and the slider tube. The HP Sensor PCB has optical sensors to determine spot size and a memory IC to determine HP Type. Both of these PCBs allow the firmware to determine the Delivery System configuration. The handpiece also contains a user serviceable window. This window is removed by removing the window holder at the top of the handpiece. This operation must be done with the handpiece pointing up otherwise the window will fall out. The holder is held into the handpiece with a magnet. See Figure DS-1. If necessary, the cryogen nozzle can be aligned by adjusting the 4 set screws at the front of the handpiece. These screws are locked with a special adhesive that does not attach the handpiece shell plastic. The distance gauge must be removed to access the top screw. The handpiece should never be opened. There are no serviceable parts in the handpiece. The lower DCD section is sealed to prevent the air from the fan escaping except through the vent holes at the front of the handpiece. '8501-00-4020 Revision Of Candela Proprietary Page 8 of 40 Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX Pro Theory of Operation specialty DCD Delivery System The specialty DCD delivery system provides 1.5mm and 3mm spot sizes and is very similar to the standard DCD delivery system with a few exceptions. The cryogen nozzle is reduced from 0.020" ID to 0.016"ID and an in-line particle fiter is installed in the DCD tubing to prevent clogging of the small diameter nozzle. The window holder is removed to accommodate the increased length of the 1.5 and 3mm slider attachments. The 85% nominal fiber transmission is reduced to approximately 80% for the 3mm and 40% for the 1.5mm. Figure DS-2. Specialty DCD Delivery System. ‘ACC Delivery System The ACC Delivery System is identical in components and operation to the upper section of the DCD Delivery System. This handpiece does not have the lower section DCD components. Instead, there is an air clip that attaches to the bottom of the ACC to deliver refrigerated air to the treatment area. The air clip is designed to interface with at Zimmer type cooling device. The air clip attaches by inserting the nose of the handpiece into the latch at the front of the air clip, and then pressing the back down until it clicks into place. The air clip is removed by pressing the two back buttons to release the back of the handpiece. See Figure DS-3 Finger Switch Figure DS-3. ACC Handpiece. 8501-00-4020 Revision 01 Candela ene, Fagg! a _ ‘Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX Pro Theory of Operation Fiber Assembly ‘The fiber assembly (Figure DS-4) consists of a 1.5 mm diameter core optical fiber, a proximal connector, one scrambler located about 1" from the connector and a slider and receptacle for the slider attachments. At each end of the fiber there is a 1’ section of steel bend limiting tubing that prevents the fiber from bending by more than 6" radius. The middle section has a nylon tube over the fiber to protect it from crushing. The EPROM for serial number and pulse data storage is located in the proximal connector. Nominal fiber transmission is ~B5% for the 6 — 18 mm spot sizes. Figure DS-4, Fiber Assemb) G50t- 00-4020 Revision OF Candela Proprietary Page 10 0f 40 a) Scanned with CamScanner :GentleMAX Pro Theory of Oper Slider Attachments All Slider Attachments contain 2 or more lenses and 1 protective window. The output window is held in with a retainer. This retainer is unscrewed (no tools) to remove the window for cleaning or replacement by the user. See Figure DS-5. 12/18/18 Slider ‘Attachment 618/10 Slider Attachment 4 ae Baal A Window retainers are at the tip of, sliderireceptacte aha attachment — 3mm Slider Tea) ~—— ] 1.5mm siider Attachment Figure DS-5. Slider Attachments. Spot Size Detection To select a spot size, the appropriate slider attachment is inserted into the slider on the distal end of the fiber and then this slider with the attachment is inserted into the slider tube at the back end of the handpiece (the slider lock button must be depressed to insert the slider). The slider has distinct grooves for each spot size that lock into place when property positioned and the slider lock button is released. A reflective optical sensor is used to monitor the position of the slider lock button. A spot size will not be decoded or valid until the slider lock is latched into one of the distinct grooves. Once the sensor indicates the slider lock is in the “locked” position, a series of 6 reflective ‘sensors are used to determine the position of the slider and thus the spot size setting. The teflective sensors are positioned in a linear row along the handpiece. In the absence of a slider, the six sensors are looking at an empty space and get no reflected signal. As the slider is inserted into the optical path of the sensors, it causes a signal to reflect as it passes in front of each sensor. The pattern of the reflected signals from the 6 sensors indicate the slider Position and thus the selected the spot size. 8501-00-4020 Revision 01 ‘Candela Proprietary Page 11 of 40 Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX Pro Theory of Operation The 1.5mm and 3mm are sensed in a similar manner except the slider attachments have an additional deep groove. When the groove is aligned in front of a reflective sensor, the sensor gets no reflection creating a unique combination of signals from the 6 sensors. The block diagrams in Figures DS-6, DS-7 and DS-8 depict how the combination signals from the sensors are used to determine the spot size. 8507-00. '501-00-4020 Rovision OF Candela Proprietary Page 12 of 40 Scanned with CamScannerAt tL ete — f —_—_—— TIE POTS WAISKS MIONTOG CoC “FST oMvI aay o1 RDENE eed 9095 uw anova sop. sua, wae, 1a aneu2eiee ttdets opus $u3) 01/99 anew2eRP trttéd neo nf one, one, sey 29) yyns op oe _— mca, eet, —— eel ona fsve oust ised ois euiaoa « —>S eb BRED SSSDIER tittti == apis 6920120 bund us fa) 20 adpuey ue unI0g asd NS 40} 92129 OHM | Jobard 2410 Jona9ayH3BIU9 | 321 Jods Jo} Sed JanDaIHANUD Q « HOES & yonuca anen « ce AGO wewswmued sosuas giqgng « feeeemeenemesend woICTT Aoeayihcouas, Scanned with CamScanner“URIBE OTS Wass ArOATog OoV L-Sa eb ‘225 1s ayes 01 9p 6p 0) 80UN (us 4a) 24" asorcpuey Bue Wun0D B5Fd NUS 21 89H9P B19 | ors cowanoas cess os oa SrORIE ED aT wananie ee Gow Qeeeeeweeeneeed oct Ie woneredo yo Aioou 1 O1g XYWENUOD Scanned with CamScanner040.96 960g Avojoudose €19pueD 10 volsiney oz0r-00-L059 eran A. ooaek 9 ogo f oe oF. cy 205 spies om 1unoo esr pu 1s 2g) 9} e2n0p eam | woweoerdes k. 29] moqe eb oRe> ‘dH Woy ewiedes ts Se ewjaogs —>F— TORE pus mbu even 030 wonesedo Jo Asoou] Old XYWORUOS, Scanned with CamScannerGontleMAX Pro Theory of Operation Calport Assembly The GentleMAX Pro calport (Figure#3A) collects the laser light out of the handpiece and transmits an optical signal via fiber optic cable to the optical sensor on the CPU VO PCB in order to measure delivered energy. The Calport contains four micro switches for sensing when the handpiece is fully inserted. The front two sense the DCD handpiece and the back two sense the ACC handpiece. All 4 are depressed when the ACC handpiece is installed, D because the system knows what type of handpiece is being used it ignores the two front switches for the DCD handpeice. The calportis positioned at an angle and contains an adjustable spring loaded ball plunger for each handpiece to prevent the handpiece from falling out. Laser energy from the handpiece projects through a serviceable protective window and ceramic plate which scatters the beam into a white integrating chamber. This chamber creates a high level of scattering which nearly eliminates calport sensitivity to misalignment of the handpiece and changes in spot size at the ceramic. Some of this scattered energy passes through an optical fiber cable to a photodiode detector on the CPU 1/0 PCB. The photodiode detector on the laser CPU I/O PCB converts the optical signal to a current pulse. ‘This current pulse is processed and calibrated before being sent on to the firmware to measure the actual energy into the Calport. The GentleMAX Pro operating fluence range is currently 6 - 300 Jicm2, depending on the spot size. There are 8 different spot sizes, which correspond to specific fluence levels. The conversion factors used to convert energy to fluence are shown in Table 1. These factors are equal to 1/spot area. Spot Size | Fluence Conversion Factor 1.5mm | 59.59x External Meter Energy 3mm 44.15 x External Meter Energy 6mm 3.54 x External Meter Energy 8mm 1.99 x External Meter Energy 40mm 1.27 x External Meter Energy 12mm 0.88 x External Meter Energy 15mm 0.566 x External Meter Energy 18mm 0.393 x External Meter Energy Table 1 Energy to Fluence Conversion Factors The available energy density settings for each spot size and the external energy meter value associated with that spot size are shown in Appendix A at the end of the Theory of Operation. '8501-00-4020 Revision Of Candela Proprietary Page 16 of 40 Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX Pro Theory of Operation i Le — ‘CALPORI DIAGRAM Figure 3A Calport Assembly FLUID SYSTEM The GENTLEMAX PRO contains a de-ionized water system that regulates the temperature of the Alexandrite rods at 65°C (149°F). The total water capacity of this system is approximately 1 Gallon (4 Liters). A centrifugal pump is used to circulate the de-ionized water in the system. The pump is mounted directly under the water reservoir. Typical pump output pressure generated is 12 PSI (measured at the pump outlet) with a nominal flow rate of 1.7 GPM. The water flow and pressure are not adjustable. A block diagram detailing the fluid system is shown in Figure 4. The pump output is connected to the DI heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is cooled with two 24 VDC fans which are controlled by the firmware on the CPU I/O PCB. The fans are mounted on the heat exchanger and pull air up from the side of the laser fluid compartment. Exhaust air exits the fluid compartment out the rear of the laser chassis. A foam filter in the side of the fluid compartment minimizes the amount of dust picked up by the incoming air. The foam filter must be changed at regular intervals to prevent restriction of the cooling air. Scanned with CamScannerFigure 4, FLUID SECTION BLOCK DIAGRAM The output of the heat exchanger is connected to the heater manifold. The heater manifold contains a single 2000 Watt heater, the DI temperature sensor and a thermal over temperature switch. If an over temperature problem occurs that cannot be corrected by the firmware or hardware, then the thermal over temperature (OT) switch will open which removes 24 VDC power from the key switch circuit thus turning off the entire laser system. The OT switch is self resetting. After it opens, it typically takes from 10 to 20 minutes for it to reset. The heater is disabled by the firmware when the trigger switch is depressed. This is done to limit the AC input current drawn by the system during pulsing of the laser. The heater is not required when pulsing since the majority of the pulsed energy goes into the D! water in the laser head. The temperature sensor is based on a thermistor that has a resistance that varies with temperature. This signal is used in conjunction with circuits on the CPU 1/0 PCB to allow the firmware to monitor the temperature of the water. The drain valve is located after the pump and is manually operated to remove water from the system. It is located at the lowest point in the DI fluid system. Page 18 of 40 '8507-00-4020 Revision 07 Candela Proprietary a Scanned with CamScannerGentleMAX Pro Theory of Operation Water exits the heater manifold and flows up to the laser head on the upper chassis. The tubing connection between the heater manifold and the laser head has several components in it. The first is a parallel path, this parallel path consists on one side a flowswitch and the other side a DI cartridge/particulate filter assembly which then recombines to the inlet of the laser head. Most of the water travels through the flowswitch side. Approximately 5% of the flow is through the DI cartridge/particulate filter side. The DI cartridge contains a de-ionizing section to maintain the purity of the water (high resistivity) and the particulate filter keeps the water free of 1.2um or larger particles. The DI cartridge/particulate filter must be changed at least once per year if the pellets in the DI cartridge change color from a dark purple to light brown. In most cases the color change will occur internal to the cartridge and not be noticed by the Service Technician. This is because the DI cartridge is operated with a very low flow rate so the majority of the water travels through small channels inside the cartridge. These channels tend to form closer to the center of the cartridge (since the inlet and outlet are in the center), so the color change will usually occur in the center. The DI cartridge/particulate filter and flowswitch sides join up just before passing through to the upper chassis where they connect into the Alexandrite laser head. Water exiting the laser head is connected through tubing directly into the reservoir. This minimizes any back pressure generated by the water when the laser heads are pulsed. Removal of the laser heads does not require draining any water from the reservoir. When the water fittings on the head are loosened, most of the water in the head drains back into the reservoir which has enough capacity for it. After installing a new head, the water level in the reservoir must be checked and “topped off" after the pump has been run for several minutes. The combination of the 2000 watt heater in the heater manifold and the heat exchanger fans work together to maintain the water in the laser system at 65°C (149°F). The temperature is regulated to + 5°C to ensure efficiency and stability and to minimize variations from different laser heads. For best accuracy, the temperature sense circuit should only be calibrated when the temperature has stabilized and both the heater and heat exchanger fans are off. This ensures that the water temperature in the reservoir is at the same temperature as the sensor in the heater manifold. The firmware uses two set points to control the heater and fans. The heater is turned on whenever the water temperature is at 64°C or less. The heat exchanger fans are turned on to maintain the water temperature at 65°C. There is some undershoot and overshoot in the water temperature at each of these set points. The firmware over temperature fault is set for 70°C. The laser will not go into the Ready state if this fault is present. Normally, the firmware should declare an over temperature fault before the over-temperature thermostat turns off the laser. If this does not happen, then most likely the temperature sensor is bad or mis- calibrated. The firmware will also declare an over-temperature fault if the temperature is less than 9°C or greater than 90°C. If the temperature is outside this range the firmware assumes the temperature sensor has failed or become open or short circuited. Also, if the temperature drops below 53.5°C while in the Ready state, a fault will be displayed. DCD (Dynamic Cooling Device) The DCD system is located on the upper chassis of the frame. Access to the DCD canister is located under the DCD cover. The cryogen connector and electrical interface are located on the front bezel of the laser system. A block diagram of the system is shown in Figure 5 Operation of some of the DCD functions such as bubble detect, and DCD pressure circuits are covered in detail in the CPU /O PCB section The DCD canister is warmed by two 100 Watt heater resistors in series at a mains voltage ~ 220VAC. The feedback in the control loop is the cryogen pressure. The firmware on the CPU '8501-00-4020 Revision 07 Candela Proprietary Page 19 of 40 Scanned with CamScanner