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14 Determinant

The document discusses determinants and matrices. It provides examples of calculating determinants and properties of determinants. It also includes comprehension questions related to determinants, matrices, and trigonometric functions.

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Singh Nikhil
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
93 views20 pages

14 Determinant

The document discusses determinants and matrices. It provides examples of calculating determinants and properties of determinants. It also includes comprehension questions related to determinants, matrices, and trigonometric functions.

Uploaded by

Singh Nikhil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER

14
Determinant

Exercise-1 (JEE Advanced Level-1)

MULTIPLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS f ( x)


4. I f g ( x) = , where f (x) is a
( x − a )( x − b)( x − c)
1 + a1 + b1 a1 + b2 a1 + b3
polynomial of degree < 3, then
1. If a2 + b1 1 + a2 + b2 a2 + b3
1 a f (a ) log x − a 1 a a2
a3 + b1 a3 + b2 1 + a3 + b3
(a)
3
= ∫ g ( x)dx 1 b f (b) log x − b ÷ 1 b b 2 + k
=k + ∑ (ai + bi ) +
∑ ∑ (a i − a j )(b j − bi ); 1 c f (c) log x − c 1 c c2
=i 1 1 ≤ i < j ≤3

then find the value of k 1 a f (a )( x − a ) −2 a 2 a 1


dg ( x)
(b)= 1 b f (b)( x − b) −2 ÷ b 2 b 1
(a) 0 (b) 1 dx
1 c f (c)( x − c) −2 c 2 c 1
(c) 2 (d) 8
n! (n + 1)! (n + 2)! 1 a f (a )( x − a ) −2 1 a a 2
dg ( x)
2. If n ∈ N and ∆ n = (n + 1)! (n + 2)! (n + 3)! then (c) = 1 b f (b)( x − b) −2 ÷ 1 b b 2
dx
(n + 2)! (n + 3)! (n + 4)! 1 c f (c)( x − c) −2 1 c c 2

(3n3 − 5)∆ n 1 a f (a ) log x − a a 2 a 1


lim equals
n →∞ ∆ n +1 (d)
= ∫ g ( x)dx 1 b f (b) log x − b ÷ b 2 b 1 +k
1 c f (c) log x − c c2 c 1
3
(a) (b) 5
2 2 5. Let {∆ 1 , ∆ 2 , ∆ 3 , ..., ∆ k } be the set of third-order
determinant that can be made with the distinct nonzero
5 real numbers a1, a2, a3, ..., a9; then
(c) − (d) 3
2 k
2 2
x − 4 x + 6 2 x + 4 x + 10 3 x − 2 x + 16 2 (a) k = 9! (b) ∑∆
i =1
i =0
3. I f f ( x) = x−2 2x + 2 3x − 1 (c) At least one ∆i = 0 (d) None of these
1 2 3
−bc b + bc c 2 + bc
2

and {∫ 2

−2 }
x 2 [ f ( x)]dx = 2/k , when [ ] denotes the greatest
6. Let ∆
= a 2 + ac −ac
a 2 + ab b 2 + ab
c 2 + ac and the equation
−ab
integer function, { } denotes fractional part; then find the px3 + qx2 + rx + s = 0 has roots a, b, c, where a, b, c ∈ R+.
value of k. The value of ∆ is
(a) 3 (b) 1 (a) r2/p2 (b) r3/p3
(c) 2 (d) 8 (c) –s/p (d) None of these
1 1 ( x + y) 13. If a, b, c ∈ R and a + b + c ≠ 0 and the system of equations
− ax + by + cz = 0
z z z2
( y + z) 1 1 bx + cy + az = 0
7. If D = − then, the
x2 x x cx + ay + bz = 0
y( y + z) x + 2 y + z y( x + y) has a non-zero solution, then a : b : c is given by
− −
2
x z xz xz 2 (a) 1 : α : β where α, β are roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0
incorrect statement is (b) 1 : r : r2 where r is some positive real number
(a) D is independent of x (b) D is independent of y (c) 1 : k : 2k where k is some positive real number
(c) D is independent of z (d) D is dependent on x, y, z (d) None of these
(2n1 + 1) 2 (2n2 + 1) 2 (2n3 + 1) 2 14. If a, b, c are three distinct real numbers for which there
8. If=
∆ (2n4 + 1) 2 (2n5 + 1) 2 (2n6 + 1) 2 exist x, y, z such that
(2n7 + 1) 2 (2n8 + 1) 2 (2n9 + 1) 2
x+y+z=1

ni ∈ I, (i = 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., 9) then D is always divisible by
ax + by + cz = t
(a) 11 (b) 7 (c) 9 (d) 64 a2x + b2y + c2z = t2

x y z then a3x + b3y + c3z – t3 = P(t), polynomial in t, number
of solutions of P(t) = 0 is
9. Let x, y, z be positive integers satisfying y z x + 17 =
0.
Then |x – y| can not be equal to (a) 0 (b) 1
z x y
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
(c) 3 (d) None of these
COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS
10. Let An be a n × n matrix with its ith row and jth column
(−1)|i − j | i ≠ j Comprehension (Q. 15 to 17): For α, β, γ, θ ∈ R. Let
elements aij is defined as aij =  match
 2 i= j cos(α + θ) sin(α + θ) 1
values of List-I with number of their factor in List-II. Aθ (α, β,=
γ ) cos(β + θ) sin(β + θ) 1
List-I List-II cos( γ + θ) sin( γ + θ) 1

A. |A2| p. 5 15. If a = Aπ/2 (α, β, γ), b = Aπ/3 (α, β, γ). Which of the
following is true?
B. |A1| q. 4
(a) a = b (b) a < b
C. |A3| r. 3 (c) a > b (d) 2a = b
D. |A4| s. 2 16. Aθ2 + Aφ2 – 2(Aθ+φ)2 equals
(a) A-(p); B-(q); C-(r); D-(s) (a) –2AθAφ (b) Aθ + Aφ
(b) A-(r); B-(s); C-(p); D-(q) (c) Aθ – Aφ (d) None of these
(c) A-(r); B-(s); C-(q); D-(p)
17. If α, β, γ are fixed, then y = Ax (α, β, γ) represents
(d) A-(s); B-(r); C-(q); D-(p)
(a) a straight line parallel to x-axis
a1 a2 a3
(b) a straight line through the origin
11. If ∆ = a4 a5 a6 then incorrect statement is
(c) a parabola with vertex at origin
a7 a8 a9
(a) If ai ∈ {–1, 1} then Dmax = 4 (d) None of these
(b) If ai ∈ {0, 1} then Dmax = 2 Comprehension (Q. 18 to 19):
(c) If ai ∈ {–1, 0} then Dmax = –2 Let α, β, γ be the roots of the cubic x3 + ax2 + bx + c = 0,
which (taken in given order) are in G.P. If α and β are such that
(d) If ai ∈ {–1, 0} then Dmax = 2
2 1 2
12. Let a, b, c be positive real numbers. The following system
1+ α α β = 0, then
of equations in x, y and z.
4 − β 3 − β α +1
x2 y 2 z 2 x2 y 2 z 2 − x2 y 2 z 2
+ 2 − 2 = 1, 2 − 2 + 2 = 1, 2 + 2 + 2 = 1 has
a 2
b c a b c a b c 18. The value of a + b + c equals
(a) No solution (b) Unique solution (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) Infinitely many solutions (d) Finitely many solutions (c) –1 (d) 2
P Determinant 215
W
  α r  a r 
100
24. If (1 + ax + bx2)4 = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + ... + a8x8, where a,
19.
= If S ∑    +   , then S equals b, a0, a1, ..., a8 ∈ R such that a0 + a1 + a2 ≠ 0 and

r =1  β   b   a0 a1 a2

5a
1 1  4 1  a1 a2 a0 = 0, then the value of is
(a) 1 −  (b) 1 −  b
3  2100  3  2100  a2 a0 a1

8 1  2 1  2a1b1 a1b2 + a2 b1 a1b3 + a3b1


(c) 1 −  (d) 1 − 
3  2100  3  2100  ∆ a1b2 + a2 b1
25. Let= 2a2 b2 a2 b3 + a3b2 .
a1b3 + a3b1 a3b2 + a2 b3 2a3b3
NUMERICAL TYPE QUESTIONS
Expressing ∆ as the product of two determinant, then the
20. If a2 + b2 + c2 = –2 and value of ∆.
1 + a2 x (1 + b 2 ) x (1 + c 2 ) x
26. The system of equations
(1 + a 2 ) x 1 + b 2 x
f ( x) = (1 + c 2 ) x ,

ax + y + z = a – 1
(1 + a 2 ) x (1 + b 2 ) x 1 + c 2 x

x + ay + z = a – 1
then f (x) is a polynomial of degree

x + y + az = a – 1
2
1 a bc 1 a a has no solution, then absolute value of α is
21. The value of 1 b ca − 1 b b 2 is
27. Number of values of θ lying in [0, 100π] for which the
1 c ab 1 c c2
system of equations, (sin 3θ) x – y + z = 0; (cos 2θ)x +
22. For what value of 2k/33 the equations x + ky + 3z = 0,
4y + 3z = 0; 2x + 7y + 7z = 0 has non-trivial solution is
3x + ky – 2z = 0, 2x + 3y – 4z = 0 possess a nontrival
________.
solution over the set of rationals?
28. If sin q ≠ cos q and x, y, z satisfy the equations
2 2 2
a (s − a) (s − a)

x cos p – y sin p + z = cos q + 1
23. If 2s = a + b + c and ( s − b) 2 b2 ( s − b) 2

x sin p + y cos p + z = 1 – sin q
( s − c) 2 ( s − c) 2 c2

x cos(p + q) – y sin (p + q) + z = 2
= ks3 (s – a)(s – b)(s – c), then the numerical quantity k
should be then find the value of x2 + y2 + z2.

Exercise-2 (JEE Advanced Level-2)

SINGLE CORRECT QUESTIONS 1 (α + β) (α + β) 2


2
1. Consider the set A of all determinants of order 3 with 2. If D = 1 (β + γ ) (β + γ ) ,
entries 0 or 1 only. Let B to the subset of A consisting of 1 ( γ + α) ( γ + α) 2
all determinants with value 1. Let C be the subset of A where a, b, g are positive integers such that
consisting of all determinants with value –1, then a > b > g, then

(a) C = f (a) Minimum value of D is 2


(b) Minimum value of D is 1
(b) A = B ∪ C
(c) The number of possible values of a, satisfying D =
(c) B ∩ C ≠ f 243 is 4
(d) Number of elements in B and that in C are equal (d) The number of possible values of a, satisfying D =
243 is 5

216 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
3. The number of positive integral solutions of the equation ONE OR MORE THAN ONE CORRECT
3
x +1 x y x z 2 2
QUESTIONS
2
xy y + 1 y2 z =
3
11 , is/are equal to 9. If p, q, r, s are in A.P. and f (x)
2 2 3
xz yz z +1 p + sin x q + sin x p − r + sin x
= q + sin x r + sin x −1 + sin x
(a) 0 (b) 3
r + sin x s + sin x s − q + sin x
(c) 6 (d) 12 2
such that ∫ f (x)dx = −4
28 25 38 0
then the common difference of the A.P. can be:
4. Let N = 42 38 65 , then the number of ways is (a) –1 (b) 1/2
56 47 83 (c) –1/2 (d) 1
which N can be resolved as a product of the divisors 10. Let kx + y + z = 2, (k + 1)x + 2y + 2z = 4 and
which are relatively prime, is/are x + y + z = 2 be three equations, then
(a) 4 (b) 8 (a) for k = 4, equations have no solution
(c) 9 (d) 16 (b) for k = 1, equations have infinitely many solutions
(c) for k = 1, equations have no solution
a1 b1 c1 (d) for k = –1, equations have infinitely many solutions
5. If a 2 b2 c 2 = 8, then value of 11. Suppose x1, x2, x3 are in A.P. and y1, y2, y3 are in H.P.
a3 b3 c3 and let
x1 − y1 x1 − y 2 x1 − y 3
b 2 c3 − b 3 c 2 a 3 c 2 − a 2 c3 a 2 b3 − a 3 b 2
D = x 2 − y1
x 2 − y2 x 2 − y3 then
b3c1 − b1c3 a1c3 − a 3c1 a 3 b1 − a1b3 is equal to
x 3 − y1 x 3 − y2 x 3 − y3
b1c 2 − b 2 c1 a 2 c1 − a1c 2 a1b 2 − a 2 b1
(a) D is independent of x1 and x2
(a) 8 (b) 16 (b) y1 + D, y2 + D, y3 + D are in H.P.
(c) 48 (d) 64 (c) x1 + 2D, x2 + 2D, x3 + 2D are in A.P.
6. Let D k is the k × k matrix with 0′s in the main (d) ∆ is independent of y1, y2, y3
diagonal, unity as the element of 1 st row and 5 + sin 2 x cos 2 x 4sin 2x
(f(k))th column and k for all other entries. If f(x) = 2 2
12. If f (x)
= sin x 5 + cos x 4sin 2x , then
x – {x} (where {x} denotes the fraction part function), 2 2
then the value of det. (D2) + det. (D3) equals sin x cos x 5 + 4sin 2x
(a) 32 (b) 34 which of the following is/are correct
(c) 36 (d) None of these (a) f(x) is a non-monotonic function
(b) f(x) = 0 has no real roots
7. The value of
(c) f′(x) has infinitely many maxima and minima
sin 2A sin(A + B) sin(A + C) (d) Number of integers in the range of f(x) is 201
D = sin(B + A) sin 2B sin(C + B) is yz − x 2 zx − y 2 xy − z 2 r 2 u 2 u2
sin(C + A) sin(C + B) sin 2C 13. If xz − y 2 xy − z 2 yz − x 2 =
u2 r2 u 2 , then
(a) sin A + sin B + sin C (b) sin2A + sin2B + sin2C xy − z 2 yz − x 2 zx − y 2 u 2 u 2 r2
(c) sin A sin B sin C (d) None of these
(a) r2 = x + y + z (b) r2 = x2 + y2 + z2
8. Let a, b, c be real numbers with a2 + b2 + c2 = 1, (c) u2 = yz + zx + xy (d) u2 = xyz
ax − by − c bx + ay cx + a a b c
bx + ay −ax + by − c cy + b 0
= 14. Let A =  p q r  and B = A2.
 
cx + a cy + b −ax − by + c l l l
If (a – b)2 + (p – q)2 = 25, (b – c)2 + (q – r)2 = 36 and
represents  B
(a) Parabola (b) Circle (c – a)2 + (r – p)2 = 49, then det   is divisible by
2
(c) Straight line (d) Hyperbola (a) 12 (b) 11 (c) 15 (d) 6
15. If the system of equations (x2 – x3)2 + (y2 – y3)2 = b2;
ax + y + 2z = 0 (x3 – x1)2 + (y3 – y1)2 = c2; and
x + 2y + z = b
2
2x + y + az = 0 x1 y1 1
has no solution then (a + b) can be equals to:
4 x2 y 2 1 = λ(λ3 –(λ1 + λ2 + λ3) λ2 + λ(λ1 λ2 + λ2
(a) –1 (b) 2 x3 y3 1
(c) 3 (d) 4
λ3 + λ1 λ2 λ3)), then
16. The product of 5 × 3 matrix and 3 × 5 matrix contains
1
a variable entry x in exactly two places. If D(x) is the 3
determinant of the matrix product, such that D(0) = 1, (a) λ > (λ1λ 2 λ3 ) 3 (b) λ1λ2λ3 = 8abc
2
D(–1) = 1 and D(2) = 7. then
(a) D(1) = 3 (b) D(–3) = 7 (c) ∑ λ1 λ2= 4 ∑ab (d) 2λ = λ1 + λ2 + λ3
(c) D(–2) = 3 (d) D(4) = 20
π
INTEGER / NUMERICAL TYPE
17. The value of θ lying between θ = θ and θ = and
2 21. The value of determinant
satisfying the equation
2 2
ax + xy a 2 + xb ab + xc
1 + sin θ cos θ 4sin θ
bx + y 2 ab + yb b 2 + yc
2 2
sin θ 1 + cos θ 4sin 4θ =
0 are cx + yz ac + zb bc + cz
sin 2 θ cos 2 θ 1 + 4sin 4θ
1 1 1
5π 11π    + cos θ cos θ sin θ is equal to
(a) (b)
24 24 − sin θ − sin θ cos θ
π 7π 22. Consider a set S = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23}, a
(c) (d)
24 24 collection of 1st 9 prime numbers. Let {D1, D2, D3, ...
18. If a, b, c are non-zero real numbers such that Dn} be the set of third order determinants that can be
made with all the 9 elements of set ‘S’. Then D1 + D2,
bc ac ba
… + Dn is equal to.
ca ab bc = 0 , then
23. If a, b, g are the roots x3 + x2 – 2x + 1 = 0, then the value
ab bc ca
of ∆ is equal to where
1 1 1 1 1 1 γ2 β2 2βγ − α 2
(a) + + 0 (b)
= + + 0
=
a bω cω2 a bω2 cω ∆= 2αγ − β2
α2 γ2
1 1 1 α2 2αβ − γ 2 β2
(c) + 2+ =0 (d) None of these
aω bω c
24. If f(x), g(x) and h(x) are three polynomials of degree
n −1 n−2 n −6 f (x) g(x) h(x)
19. If Tn =
2n − 4 2n − 6 2n − 11 where n ∈ N, then 2 and D(x) = f ′(x) g′(x) h′(x) , then D(x) is a
3n − 9 3n − 12 3n − 18 f ′′(x) g′′(x) h′′(x)
which of the following is/are true? polynomial of degree (dashes denote the differentiation).
10
m 25. If f(x), g(x), h(x) are three polynomial functions of degree
(a) Π Tn =
6m
n =1
(b) ∑T
n =1
n = 60
f (x) g(x) h(x)
Tn +1 two and φ(x) =f ′(x) g′(x) h′(x) , then the value
(c) =2 (d) T100.T101 = 48
Tn f ″(x) g″(x) h ″(x)
20. If φ(x) − φ(4 − x)
of lim is equal to:
)2
(x1 – x2 + (y1 – y2 = )2 a2; x→ 2 sin(x − 2)

218 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
g(x), where b ∈ R+ and the equation f(x) = 0 has positive real
a2 + n ab ac roots. (Leading coefficient of f(x) is 1.)
=
26. If ∆ n ab b2 + n bc , where n ∈ N and 31. The value of b is equal to:
2 (a) 3 (b) 12
ac bc c +n
(c) –12 (d) –3
(∆ )2
given that 2n > λn 3 , Then the value of l is ..... 32. Number of real roots of the equation g(x) = 0, is:
∆n
(a) 0 (b) 1
27. Let S be the sum of all possible determinants of order 2 (c) 2 (d) 4
having 0, 1, 2, 3 as their elements. Let α be a common
root of the equcations Passage-II
x2 + ax + [K + 1] = 0
Paragraph (33 to 34): A 3 × 3 determinant its entries as either
x2 + bx + [K + 4] = 0
‘1’ or ‘–1’. The number of such determinants is 29 = 512. We
and x2 – cx + [K + 15] = 0 call an order 3 determinant with entries ‘1’ or ‘–1’ as minus
special if product of elements of any rows and any columns is –1
such that α > S where a + b + c =0
33. The number of 3 × 3 minus special determinants is
1 2n π
and k = Lim ∑ (a) 2(n −1)2 (b) 2n
n →∞ n n −1 2
n +π 2
13n 2 − 37n
Based upon the above information the value of (c) (d) None of these
(a + S) . [k] + 10 will be 3
28. If we eliminate x, y & z from the equations. 34. The minimum value of a 3 × 3 minus special determinant
is
by cz cz ax
−a+
+ =0, −b + + 0 and
=
z y x z (a) – 6 (b) – 4
(c) – 2 (d) 0
ax by a 3 + b 3 + c3
−c +
+ 0 then the value of
= is
y x abc Passage-III
29. Consider the 24, 2 × 2 matrices which can be obtained
by some arrangement of the four letters x, y, z, w. For a Paragraph (35 to 36):
certain assignment of non-negative integers to x, y, z, w, If g(x) = (c1 – x) (c2 – x)(c3 – x)
we find that : 4 of these matrices have determinant 16 ; 4
have determinant – 16; and 16 have determinant zero. Find x + c1 x +a x +a
number of all possible solution sets for {x, y, z, w}. f(x)= x + b x + c2 x +a
30. The total number of distinct real values of x for which x+b x+b x + c3
x x2 1+x 3
35. Coefficient of x in f(x) is
2x 4x 2 1+8x 3 =10
g(a) -f(b) g(-a) -g(-b)
3x 9x 2 1+27x 3 (a) (b)
b -a b -a

g(a) -g(b)
COMPREHENSION TYPE (c) (d) None of these
b -a
Passage-I 36. Which of the following is not a constant term in f(x)
Paragraph (31 to 32): bg(a) -ag(b) bg(a) -af(-b)
(a) (b)
x − 4x 3 2
bx − 2x 2
3bx − 8 b -a b -a
2
Consider D(x) = bx − 2x 3bx − 8 x 3 − 4x 2 = f(x). bf(-a) -ag(b)
(c) (d) None of these
3bx − 8 x 3 − 4x 2 bx − 2x 2 b -a

P Determinant 219
W
DETERMINANT MATCH
2 cos t if i = j
37. Let A(t) = [aij] is a matrix of order 3 × 3 given by aij = 1 if | i − j| =
1, then
0 otherwise

Column-I Column-II

A. The number of t in interval [–2p, 4p] such that |A(t)| = 4 is equal to p. 0


q. 1
π  4π 
B. A   A   is equal to
17
   17 

C. The maximum value of |A(t)| + |A(2t)|, ∀t ∈ R is equal to r. 4


π s. 6
D. ∫ | A(t) | | A(4t) | dt is equal to
0

t. 8

(a) A-r; B-q; C-t; D-p (b) A-p; B-q; C-r; D-t
(c) A-q; B-r; C-t; D-p (d) A-q; B-t; C-p; D-s
38.
Column-I Column-II
1/ c 1/c −(a + b)/c 2
p. Independent of a
−(b + c)/a 2 1/a 1/a
A.
− b(b + c) (a + 2b + c) − b(a + b)
/a 2c /ac /ac 2

sin a cos b sin a sin b cos a q. Independent of b


B. cos a cos b cos a sin b − sin a
− sin a sin b sin a cos b 0

1 1 1 r. Independent of c
sin a cos b sin a sin b cos a
− cos a − cos a sin a
C.
sin 2 a cos b sin 2 a sin b cos 2 a
sin b − cos b
0
sin a cos 2 b sin a sin 2 b

If a, b and c are the sides of a triangle and A, B and C are the angles opposite s. Dependent of a, b
to a, b and c, respectively, then
D. a2 b sin A c sin A
D = b sin A 1 cos A
c sin A cos A 1

(a) A-p,q,r; B-q; C-s; D-p,q,r (b) A-p,q; B-q; C-s; D-p,q
(c) A-r; B-p; C-p; D-q,r (d) A-p,q,R; B-q; C-s; D-q,r

220 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE-1 (JEE ADVANCE LEVEL-1)
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (a,b) 5. (a,b) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (c)
11. (c) 12. (d) 13. (d) 14. (d) 15. (a) 16. (d) 17. (a) 18. (c) 19. (d) 20. [2]
21. [0] 22. [1] 23. [2] 24. [8] 25. [0] 26. [2] 27. [201] 28. [2]

EXERCISE-2 (JEE ADVANCE LEVEL-2)


1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (d) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (a, d)
10. (b, d) 11. (a, b, c, d) 12. (a, b, c, d) 13. (b, c) 14. (a, d) 15. (b, c, d) 16. (a, b, c)
17. (b, d) 18. (a, b, c) 19. (a, b) 20. (a, b, c, d) 21. [2] 22. [0]
23. [7] 24. [0] 25. [0] 26. [64] 27. [13] 28. [5] 29 [6] 30. [2] 31. (a)
32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (b) 35. (c) 36. (d) 37. (a) 38. (a)

P Determinant 221
W
 EXPLANATION
EXERCISE-1 (JEE ADVANCED LEVEL-1)  32  2
Now   = (where { } denotes fractional part
(1 + a1 + b1 ) ( a1 + b2 ) ( a1 + b3 ) 3 3
function)
1. (b) ( a2 + b1 ) (1 + a2 + b2 ) ( a2 + b3 ) 2 2
( a3 + b1 ) ( a3 + b2 ) (1 + a3 + b3 ) ⇒ = ⇒k= 3
3 k
3 4. (a, b)
=k + ∑ (ai + bi ) + ∑ ∑ (a − a j )(b j − bi )
=i 1 1 ≤ i < j ≤3
i
By partial fractions, we have
To get k put ai ‘s = 0 and bi’ s = 0 then f (a) f (b)
= g ( x) +
1 0 0 ( x − a )(a − b)(a − c) (b − a )( x − b)(b − c)
∆ = 0 1 0 = 1⇒ k = 1 f (c )
+
0 1 0 (c − a )(c − b)( x − c)
2. (d) Taking n! common from R1, (n + 1)! from R2 and 1
=
(n + 2)! from R3, we obtain (a − b)(b − c)(c − a )
∆n = n! (n + 1)! (n + 2)! ∆
f (a )(c − b) f (b)(a − c) f (c)(b − a )
1 n + 1 (n + 1)(n + 2) × + +
( x − a) ( x − b) ( x − c)
where=
∆ 1 n + 2 (n + 2)(n + 3)
1 a f (a) / ( x − a) 1 a a 2
1 n + 3 (n + 3)(n + 4)
= 1 b f (b) / ( x − b) + 1 b b 2
Using R3 → R3 → –R2 and R2 → R2 – R1, we get
1 c f (c ) / ( x − c ) 1 c c 2
1 n + 1 (n + 1)(n + 2)
1 a f (a ) log x − a 1 a a2
=∆ 0 1 2(n + 2)
⇒ ∫ g ( x)dx 1 b
= f (b) log x − b + 1 b b 2 + k
0 1 2(n + 3)
1 c f (c) log x − c 1 c c2
1 2n + 4
= = 2 1 a − f (a )( x − a ) −2 1 a a 2
1 2n + 6 dg ( x)
and = 1 b − f (b)( x − b) −2 + 1 b b 2
Thus, ∆n = 2n! (n + 1)! (n + 2)! dx
1 c − f (c)( x − c) −2 1 c c2
⇒ ∆n+1 = 2(2n + 1)! (n + 2)! (n + 3)!
(3n3 − 5)∆ n (3n3 − 5) 1 a f (a )( x − a ) −2 a2 a 1
Now, =
∆ n +1 (n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3) = 1 b f (b)( x − b) −2 ÷ b 2 b 1
1 c f (c)( x − c) −2 c2 c 1
 5
 3− 3 
3
(3n − 5)∆ n  n  5. (a, b) The number of third order determinant is equal
⇒ lim lim
=
n →∞ ∆ n +1 n →∞  1  2  3  to the number of arrangements of nine different
1 +  1 +  1 +  numbers in nine places = 9!
 n  n  n 
Corresponding to each determinant made, there
3. [3] Operate C2 → C2 – 2C1; C3 → C3 – 3C1
is a determinant obtained by interchanging two
x2 − 4x + 6 (12 x − 2 ) 10 x − 2 consecutive rows (or columns), so, the sum of this
x−2 6 5 pair will be zero.
1 0 0 ∴ the sum of all the determinants = 0 + 0 + 0 ... to
9!
= 60x – 10 – 60x + 12 = 2 times = 0
2
2 2
2 x3 32 k

∫−2 2
=2
x dx =
3 −2 3
∑ ∆i 0
∴ k 9! and=
=
i =1

222 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
6. [0] Multiplying R1, R2, R3 by a, b, c respectively and 8. (d) R2 → R2 – R1, R3 → R3 – R1
then taking a, b, c common from C1, C2 and C3 we (2n1 + 1) 2 (2n1 + 1) 2
get
4(n4 + n1 )(n4 + n1 + 1) 4(n5 − n2 )(n5 + n2 + 1)
– bc ab + ac ac + ab
4(n7 − n1 )(n7 + n1 + 1) 4(n8 − n2 )(n8 + n2 + 1)
= ab + bc
∆ – ac bc + ab
ac + bc bc + ac – ab (2n3 + 1) 2
4(n6 − n3 )(n6 + n3 + 1)
Now using
4(n9 − n3 )(n9 + n3 + 1)
C2 → C2 – C1 and C3 → C3 – C1 and then taking
(ab + bc + ca) common from C2 and C3 we get 9. (c) Sx3 – 3xyz = (Sx)(Sx2 – Sxy)
– bc 1 1 (Sx)(S(x – y)2) = 34
2
= ab + bc –1 0 × ( ab + bc + ca )
∆ So, Sx = 17, S(x – y)2 = 2.
ac + bc 0 –1 10. (c) Basically det of trangular matrices only.
Now applying R2 → R2 + R1 we get Applying R1 → R1 + R2, R2 → R2 + R3 ... and so on.
Then C2 → C2 – C1, C3 → C3 – C2 ... and so on. We
– bc 1 1 get |An| = n + 1.
=∆ ab 0 1 ( ab + bc + ca )
|A1| = 2, |A2| = 3, |A3| = 4.
ac + bc 0 –1
11. (c) 1(2) + 1(2) = 4 → Max = 4
Expanding along c2 we get 1 −1 1
D = (ab + bc + ca)2 [ac + bc + ca]2 1 1 1 Min = − 4
−1 −1 1
= (ab + bc + ca)2
1 1 0
= (r/p)3 = r3/p3
0 1 1 1(1) − 1(−1) =2
Now given a, b, c are all positive then
1 0 1
A.M ≥ G.M. Max = 2
ab + bc + ac 1/3 Min = −2
⇒ ≥ ( ab × bc × ac )
3
12. (d) Adding all the equations,
or (ab + bc + ac)3 ≥ 27a2b2c2
we obtain
or (ab + bc + ca)3 ≥ 27(s2/p2)
x2 y 2 z 2
if D = 27 then ab + bc + ca = 3 and given that + + 3
=
a 2 b2 c2
a2 + b2 + c2 = 3
Subtracting first equation from it
From
we get
(a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + (ab + bc + ca)
2z2
We have =2 ⇒ z 2 =c 2
c2
a+b+c=≠3
⇒ z = ± c.s
⇒a+b+c=3
Similarly,
⇒ 3p + q = 0 x = ± a, y = ± b.
x y −( x + y ) Thus, the given system of equations has
1
7. [0] −( y + z ) y z eight solutions.
yz 3 x 3
− y( y + z) y ( zy + x + z ) − y ( x + y )
13. (d) The above system of equations will have non-trivial
Applying C3 → C3 + C1 solution if
x y −y a b c
−( y + z ) y −y 0
= =∆ b=c a 0
− y( y + z) y ( zy + x + z ) − y ( x + zy + z ) c a b

P Determinant 223
W
1   α  r  a  r  100  1  r  −1  r
100
But ∆ = − (a + b + c)
2 ∑   +   = ∑  +  
19. (d) S =
 
=
 β   b   r 1  2   2 
r 1=
[(b – c)2 + (c – a)2 + (a – b)2]
1  1 
50

∴ ∆ = 0, a + b + c ≠ 0 ·  1 −   
50
1
2n
4   4   2 1 
⇒ a = b = c. ∑
= 2  =
n=1  2 
2⋅
 1 
=
3
1 − 100 
 2 
Thus, a : b : c 1 − 
 4
=1:1:1
20. [0002] Applying C1 → C1 + C2 + C3
1 1 1
1 (1 + b 2 ) x (1 + c 2 ) x
14. (b) A = a b c
f ( x) =1 1 + b2 x (1 + c 2 ) x
a2 b2 c2
1 (1 + b 2 ) x 1 + c 2 x
1 1 1
( a2 + b2 + c2 + 2 = 0)
∆1 =t b c
Operating R2 → R2 – R1 and R3 → R3 – R1
t2 b2 c2
1 (1 + b 2 ) x (1 + c 2 ) x
(t − b)(c − t ) 0
= 1− x 0 (1 − x) 2
=
So, x =
(a − b)(c − a ) 0 0 1− x
So, equation Hence degree of f(x) = 2
a (t − b)(c − t ) b3 (a − t )(t − c) c 3 (b − t )(t − a ) 3
3
1 a bc 1 a bc
+ + 0
−t =
(a − b)(c − a ) (a − b)(b − c) (b − c)(c − a )
21. [0000] 1 b ca =0 b − a c(a − b)
By observation, there are 3 real roots (t = a, b, c).
1 c ab 0 c − b a (b − c)
COMPREHENSION (15 TO 17) = 1.[a(b – c)(b – a) – c(a – b)(c – b)]
cos(α + θ) sin(α + θ) 1 (b – c)(b – a)(a – c)
Aθ (α, β,=
γ ) cos(β + θ) sin(β + θ) 1 (a – b)(b – c)(c – a)
cos( γ + θ) sin( γ + θ) 1 1 a a2
Again 1 b b 2 =(a − b)(b − c)(c − a )
Aθ (α, β, γ) ⇒ sin (α – β) sin (β – γ) sin (γ – α) = k
1 c c2
⇒ which is independent of θ
15. (a) If a = Aπ/2 (α, β, γ) and b = Aπ/3 (α, β, γ) So the given difference is 0.
1 k 3
so a = b (Independent of θ)
22. [0001] Coefficient det = 0 ⇒ 3 k −2 = 0
16. (d) Aθ2 + Aφ2 – 2(Aθ+φ)2 = k2 + k2 – 2k2 = 0
2 3 −4
17. (a) If α, β, γ are fixed then y = Ax(α, β, γ)
⇒ (–4k + 6) – k(–12 + 4) + 3(9 – 2k) = 0
= constant which is a straight line parallel to x-axis.
⇒ –4k + 6 + 12k – 4k + 27 – 6k = 0
18. (c) c1 → c1 – c2, c2 → c2 – c1, c3 → c3 – 2c1 ⇒ –2k + 33 = 0
2 1 2 1 1 2 2K = 33
1+ α α β = 1 α β 2K
=1
4 − β 3 − β α +1 1 3 − β α +1 33

1 0 0 23. [0002] Let a = s – a, b = s – b, g = s – c


= 1 α −1 β − 2 then determinant
1 2 − β α −1 (β + γ ) 2 α2 α2
= β2 ( γ + α) 2 β2 = 2αβγ (α + β + γ ) 2
= (α – 1)2 + (β – 2)2 = 0
γ2 γ2 (α + β) 2
⇒ α = 1, β = 2, γ = 4
∴ the cubic equation is (standard determinant)
x3 – 7x2 + 14x – 8 = 0 = 2(s – a)(s – b)(s – c)s3 ⇒ k = 2

224 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
24. [8] Putting x = 0, a0 = 1 26. (b) For no solution or infinitely many solutions
(1 + ax + bx2)4 = (1 + ax + bx2) (1 + ax + bx2) α 1 1
(1 + ax + bx2) (1 + ax + bx2) 1 α 1 = 0 ⇒ α = 1, α = −2
Clearly a0 = 1, a1 = coefficient of x = a + a + a + a 1 1 α
= 4a But for α = 1, clearly there are infinitely many
a2 = coefficient of x2 = 4b + 6a2 solutions and when we put α = –2 in given system
Now ∆ = −(a03 + a13 + a23 − 3a0 a1a2 ) of equations and adding them together.
 a0 + a1 + a2 ≠ 0 ∴ a0 = a1 = a2 L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S. ⇒ No solution
∴ a0 = a1 = a2 27. [201] The system has a non-trivial solution if
1 = 4a = 6a2+ 4b sin 3θ −1 1
1 5 = ∆ cos 2θ 4 = 3 0
⇒ a= , b=
4 32 2 7 7

a1b1 + b1a1 a1b2 + a2 b1 a1b3 + b1a3 ⇒ (28 – 21) sin 3θ – (–7 – 7) cos 2θ + 2 (–3 – 4) = 0
∆ a2 b1 + b2 a1
25. [0] = a2 b2 + a2 b2 a2 b3 + a3b2 ⇒ sin 3θ + 2 cos 2θ – 2 = 0
a3b1 + b3 a1 a3b2 + b3 a2 a3b3 + a3b3 ⇒ 3 sin θ – 4 sin³ θ + 2 – 4 sin² θ – 2 = 0
a1 b1 0 b1 a1 0 ⇒ 4 sin³ θ + 4 sin2 θ – 3 sin θ = 0
= a2 b2 0 × b2 a2 0 = 0 ...(i) ⇒ sin θ (4 sin2 θ + 4 sin θ – 3)= 0
a3 b3 0 b3 a3 0 ⇒ sin θ (2 sin θ + 3) (2 sin θ – 1) = 0
So, sin θ = 0; 1/2, since sin 0 – 3/2
(row by row multiplication)
Now, sin θ – 0 is for 0, π, 2π, ..., 100π, total 101
Now,
values
ax2 + 2hxy + by2 + 2gx + 2fy + c
sin θ = 1/2 for θ = π/3 and 2π/3.
= (lx + my + n)(l′x + my + n′)
So, there will be 100 values lying in [0, 100π]
= ll′x2 + (lm′ + ml′)xy + mm′y2 + (ln′ + l′n)x + (mn′
Therefore, total number of values of θ is 201.
+ m′n)y + nn′
28. [2] Given that
Comparing the coefficients, we get
x cos p – y sin p + z = cos q + 1 ...(i)
1 1
a=ll ′, h = (lm′ + ml ′), b =mm′, g = (ln′ + l ′n), x sin p + y cos p + z = 1 – sin q...(ii)
2 2
x cos (p + q) – y sin (p + q) + z = 2 ...(iii)
1
f = (mn′ + m′n), c = nn′ eq. (i) × cos q; eq. (ii) × sin q
 2
x (cos p cos q – sin p sin q) – (sin p cos q + cos p
a h g sin q) + z (cos q – sin q) = cos2q + cos q – sin q +
∴ h b f sin2q
g f c x cos (p + q) – y sin (p + q) + z (cos q – sin q) = 1
1 1 + cos – sin q...(iv)
ll ′ (lm′ + ml ′) (ln′ + l ′n) eq. (iv) – eq. (iii)
2 2
1 1 ⇒ z (cos q – sin q –1) = cos q – sin q – 1
= (lm′ + ml ′) mm′ (mn′ + m′n)
2 2 ⇒z=1
1 1 for z = 1
(ln′ + l ′n) (mn′ + m′n′) nn′
2 2 from (i) & (ii) we get
x cos p – y sin p = cos q...(v)
2ll ′ lm′ + ml ′ ln′ + l ′n
1 x sin p + y cos p = –sin q...(vi)
= lm′ + l ′m 2mm′ mn′ + m′n
8 eq. (v)2 + eq. (vi)2
ln′ + l ′n mn′ + m′n 2nn′
x2 + y2 = 1
= 0 [From (i)] Now x2 + y2 + z2 = 2

P Determinant 225
W
EXERCISE-2 (JEE ADVANCE LEVEL-2) 7. (d)
(sin A cos A (sin A cos B (sin A cos C
SINGLE CORRECT QUESTIONS + sin A cos A) + cos A sin B) + cos A sin C)
(sin Bcos A (sin Bcos B (sin Ccos B
1. (d) If we interchange any two rows of a determinant in D =
+ cos Bsin A) + sin Bcos B) + cos Csin B)
set B, its valve becomes –1 and hence it is in set C.
(sin Ccos A (sin Ccos B (sin Ccos C
2. (a) D = (a + b – b – g)(b + g – g – a)(g + a – a – b)
+ cos Csin A) + cos Csin B) + sin Ccos C)
D = (a – g)(b – a)(g – a)
sin A cos A 0 cos A cos B sin C
D = –(a – b)(b – g)(g – a)
= ∆ sin
= B cos B 0 sin A sin B sin C 0
Dmin = –(3 – 20(2 – 1)(1 – 3) = 2
sin C cos C 0 0 0 0
For any combinationof a, b and g, D is always an
3.(c) The given determinant is
even integer.
ax − by − c bx + ay cx + a
x 4 + 1 x3 y x3z
bx + ay −ax + by − c cy + b 0
=
3. (b) xy3 y 4 + 1 y3 z =
11
cx + a cy + b −ax − by + c
xz 3
yz 3 4
z +1
C1 → aC1 + bC2 + cC3
x3 + 1 x3 x3
1 (a1 + b1 + c1 )x bx + ay cx + a
y3 y 4 + 1 y3 = 11
xyz 3 3 3 ⇒ (a1 + b1 + c1 )y −ax + by − c cy + b 0
=
z z z +1
use R1 → R1 + R2 + R3
(a1 + b1 + c1 ) cy + b −ax − by + c
we have a2 + b2 + c2 =1
1 1 1
3
x bx + ay cx + a
D = (x + y + z + 1) y
3 3 3 y + 1 y3
3
= 11
⇒ y −ax + by − c cy + b 0
=
z3 z 3 3
z +1
1 cy + b −ax − by + c
hence x3 + y3 + z3 = 10 C2 → C2 – bC1 and C3 → C3 – CC1
(2, 1, 1), (1, 2, 1), (1, 1, 2) ⇒ (b)
x ay a
4. (b) N = 770 = 2 × 5 × 7 × 11 ⇒ y −ax − c b 0
=
Hence no. of ways = 2n–1 = 23 = 8 1 cy −ax − by

5. (d) Dc = Dn–1; where n is order of determinant R3 → R3 + xR1 + yR2


Dc = (8)2 = 64

x ay a

Dc is cofactor determinant of D ⇒ y −ax − c b =
0
6. (b) f(x) = x – {x} = [x] x1 + y 2 + 1 0 0
1 2
Det. (D2) = (f(2) = 2 ⇒ (x2 + y2 + 1) [aby + a2x + ac] = 0
2 1
⇒ 1st row and 2ndcolumn = 1)
⇒ aby + a2x + ac = 0

0 −1 5 5  ⇒ (by + ax + c) = 0
Similarly Det. (D3) =  , B = 0 0 
0 2    ⇒ ax + by + c =0
(f(3) = 3 ⇒ a13 = 1) If the given determinant is zero, then
Det. (D2) = – 2; Det. (D3) = 36 (ax + by +c) = 0, ((x2 + y2 + 1) ≠ 0)

⇒ Det. (D2) + Det. (D3) = 34 Thus, (ax + by + c) = 0 represents a straight line.

226 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
ONE OR MORE THAN ONE CORRECT 1 cos 2 x 4sin 2x
QUESTIONS =
2
(6 + 4sin 2x) 1 5 + cos x 4sin 2x
9. (a, d) 1 2
cos x 5 + 4sin 2x
p + sin x q + sin x p − r + sin x
Apply R3 → R3 + R1
f (x)= q + sin x r + sin x −1 + sin x
r + sin x s + sin x s − q + sin x 1 cos 2 x 4sin 2x
2
p + sin x d −r
=(6 + 4sin 2x) 1 5 + cos x 4sin 2x
= q + sin x d −1 − q 0 0 5
r + sin x d d − q
= (6 + 4 sin2x) 5 × 5 = 25 × (6 + 4 sin2x)
p + sin x d −r [50, 250]
= d 0 −1 + d =−2d
13. (b, c)
   d 0 1+ d
In the left-hand determinant, each element is the
2 2
\  
∫ ∫ (−2)d dx =
2 2
f (x)dx = −4d cofactor of the elements of the determinant
0 0

10. (b, d) x y z
y z x = ∆ *(say)
Here
z x y
Let L1 ⇒ kx + y + z = 2
Hence,
L2 ⇒ (k + 1)x + 2y + 2z = 4
x y z x y z
and L3 ⇒ x + y + z = 2 *2
∆ =y z x y z x

here L2 = L1 + L3 z x y z x y

so we can say actually we have only 2 different x 2 + y2 + z2 xy + yz + zx xz + yx + zy


lines or equations but 3 variables at k = 4, 1, –1, so
= Σxy Σx 2 Σxy
∞ solutions. Σxy Σxy Σx 2
11. (a, b, c, d) r2 u2 u2
x1 − y1 x1 − y 2 x1 − y 3 = u2
r2 u2
D = x 2 − y1
x 2 − y2 x 2 − y3 u2 u2 r2
x 3 − y1 x 3 − y2 x 3 − y3 [Since x2 + y2 + z2 = r2, xy + yz + zx = u2]

R2 → R2 – R1 and R3 →R3 – R1 a b c a p l

x1 − y1 x1 − y 2 x1 − y 3 14. (a, d) det (a) = p q r = b q l


l l l c r l
∆=x 2 − x1 x 2 − x1 x 2 − x1 =
0
x 3 − x1 x 3 − x1 x 3 − x1 a p l
1
= 2× b q l
12. (a, b, c, d) 2
c r l
   
5 + sin 2 x cos 2 x 4sin 2x
2 2
    = 2 × Area of the triangle with vertices
f (x)

= sin x 5 + cos x 4sin 2x
2 2 (a, p), (b, q) and (c, r) with sides 5, 6, 7
sin x cos x 5 + 4sin 2x
=2 × s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c) =2 × 6 6 =12 6
Apply C1 → C1 + C2 + C3
P Determinant 227
W
3 18. (a, b, d)
 B 1 1
Hence,
=  det(B)
det   = det(A 2 ) bc ac ba
 2  2 8
ca ab bc = 0
1 1
( )
2
= =(det A) 2 =12 6 108 ab bc ca
8 8

a 1 2 ⇒ (bc)3 + (ca)3 + (ab)3 –3(ab)(bc)(ca) = 0



15. (b, c, d) D = 1 2 1 = 0 (By using p3 + q3 + r3 – 3pqr = (p + q + r)
2 1 a
(p + qω + rω2)(p + qω2 + rω))
⇒ a2 – a – 2 = 0
Now,

⇒ (a – 2)(a + 1) = 0
(ab + bc + ca) (ab + bcω + caω2) (ab + bcω2 + caω)
0 1 2 a 0 2 a 1 2 =0
D1 = b=2 1 D2 1= b 1 D3 1 2 b
ab + bc + ca = 0 or ab + bcω + caω2 = 0
0 1 a 2 0 a 2 1 0
or ab + bcω2 + caω = 0
   a = 2 infinite solution
   a = –1, b ≠ 0 has no solution. ⇒ ab + bcω + caω2 = 0

16. (a, b, c) 1 1 1

⇒ 2
+ + =0
Since x occurs in exactly 2 places, D(x) can atmost cω aω b
be a polynomial of degree 2. 1 1 1

⇒ + 2+ 0
=
⇒ D(x) = ax2 + bx + c
a bω cω
      c = 1, a – b = 0 4a + 2a + 1 = 7 and
      a = b = c = 1 ab + bcω2 + caω = 0
     D(x) = x2 + x + 1 1 1 1
⇒ + + 0
=
17. (b, d) a bω cω2

1 + sin 2 θ cos 2 θ 4sin 4θ 1 1 1


or + 2+ =0
sin 2 θ 1 + cos 2 θ 4sin 4θ =
0 aω bω c
2 2
sin θ cos θ 1 + 4sin 4θ n −1 n−2 n −6

19. (a, b) Tn =
2n − 4 2n − 6 2n − 11
C1 → C1 + C2 + C3
3n − 9 3n − 12 3n − 18
2 + 4sin 4θ cos 2 θ 4sin 4θ C2 → C2 – C1, C3 → C3 – C2
2


2 + 4sin 4θ 1 + cos θ 4sin 4θ =
0 n − 1 –1 −4
2
2 + 4sin 4θ cos θ 1 + 4sin 4θ Tn = 2n − 4 −2 −5

R1 → R1 – R3 & R2 → R2 – R3 3n − 9 −3 −6

0 0 −1 (R1 + R 3 )
R2 → R2 −

⇒ ( 2 + 4sin 4θ ) 0
1 −1 0
= 2
2
1 cos θ 1 + 4sin 4θ n − 1 −1 −4

Tn 1 0 0

⇒ 2 + 4 sin4θ = 0
3n − 9 −3 −6
1 11π 7 π
⇒ sin 4θ = −
⇒θ= ,
2 24 24 Tn = –1(–6) = 6

228 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
20. (a, b, c, d) INTEGER / NUMERICAL TYPE
A(2x1, 2y1)
a x 0 x a b
21. [2] b y 0 × y b c
c z 0 z c a
1 −1 1
B(2x2, 2y2) C(2x3, 2y3) + cos θ cos θ sin θ = 0 + 2 = 2

− sin θ − sin θ cos θ
2 x1 2 y1 1
1 22. [0] Total number of third order determinants that can be
Area of ∆ = 2 x2 2 y2 1
2 formed with the elements of set S is 9!
2 x3 2 y3 1
Since number of determinants are even and in
x1 y1 1 which. There are 9!/2 pairs of determinants which
are obtained by changing two consecutive rows. So
Area of ∆ = 2 x2 y2 1 ...........(i) for every determinant there is one more determinant
x3 2 y3 1 whose value is the negative of the 1st determinant.

γ2 β2 2βγ − α 2

AB= 2 ( x1 – x2 )2 + ( y1 – y2 )2= 2a
23. [7] ∆= 2αγ − β2 α2 γ2
BC= 2 ( x2 – x3 )2 + ( y2 – y3 )2= 2b α2 2αβ − γ 2 β2

= (a3 + b3 + g3 – 3abg)2

CA=2 ( x3 – x1 )2 + ( y3 – y1 )2 2c
=
24.(0)   D′(x) = 0

Area of ∆ = s ( s – 2a )( s – 2b )( s − 2c ) ...(ii)
⇒ D(x) = constant (differentiate row wise)

from (i) & (iii), we get


\ Degree = 0

x1 y1 1 f (x) g(x) h(x)


2 x2 y 2 1 = s ( s − 2a )( s − 2b )( s − 2c ) 25. (0) φ(x) =f ′(x) g′(x) h′(x)

x3 y3 1 f ″(x) g″(x) h ″(x)



Squaring both sides f ′(x) g′(x) h′(x)
x1 y1 1 φ′(x) =f ′(x) g′(x) h′(x) +

4 x2
y 2 1 = s(s – 2a)(s – 2b) (s – 2c) f ″(x) g″(x) h ″(x)
x3 y3 1 f (x) g(x) h(x)
f ″(x) g″(x) h ″(x) +
= s (s3 – s2(2a + 2b + 2c) + s(4ab + 4bc + 4ca)–8abc)
f ″(x) g″(x) h ″(x)
Comparing with given condition
λ = s, λ1 = 2a, λ2 = 2b, λ3 = 2c, f (x) g(x) h(x)
Now, A.M > G.M f ′(x) g′(x) h′(x)
1 f ″′ (x) g″′ (x) h ″′ (x)
2a + 2b + 2c 1
> ( 2a.2b.2c ) 3
3× 2 2 f (x) g(x) h(x)
3 1 = 0 + 0 + f ′(x) g′(x) h′(x)

s>
( λ1λ 2λ3 ) 3 0 0 0
2
λ1 + λ2 + λ3 = 2a + 2b + 2c = 2λ ( f, g, h are quadratic polynomials)
∑λ1λ2 = 4∑ab
\ f′′′(x) = g′′′ (x) = h′′′ (x) = 0) = 0

λ1λ2λ3 = 8abc
\ φ(x) must be a constant function.
P Determinant 229
W

\ φ(x) = φ(4 – x)    α2 + bα + [k + 4] = 0
φ(x) − φ(4 − x) ⇒  α2 + bα + [k] + 4 = 0
...(ii)

\ lim =0
x→ 2 sin(x − 2) and   α2 – cα + [k + 15] = 0
26. [64]
⇒  α2 – cα + [k] + 15 = 0
...(iii)
a2 + n ab ac
On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii) and subtracting Eq. (iii)
=∆n ab b2 + n bc we get
ac bc c2 + n α2 + (a + b + c) α + [k] – 10 = 0


n α2 + 0 + [k] – 10 = 0

a+ b c
a [ a + b + c = 0 ]
n ⇒ α2 + [k] – 10 = 0
...(iv)
=∆ n abc a b+ c
b
1 2n r
a b c+
n Also, k = lim ∑
n →∞ n r =1
c 22 + r 2

2n
now applying R1 → R1 – R3 and R2 → R2 – R3 1 r/n 2 x
n −n
= lim ∑ .
n 1 + (r / n) 2
=∫
0
dx
0
n →∞ r =1 (1 + x 2 )
a c
2
n −n  (1 + x 2 )  =5 − 1

⇒ ∆n =abc 0   0
b c
n [k]=  5 − 1= 1
a b c+
c
From Eq. (iv) we get
 n  nc n 2 nb  n 2 a 
⇒ ∆ n abc  
=
+ + +  2 2
 a  b bc c  bc      α + 1 − 10 = 0 ⇒ α = 9
∴ α = ±3
⇒ Dn = n2(a2 + b2 + c2) + n3

∆n Now, number of determinants of order 2 having

⇒ = a2 + b2 + c2 + n      ...(1)
n2        0, 1, 2, 3 = 4! = 24
∆ 2n

⇒ = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2n     ...(2) a1 a2
4n 2 Let ∆1 =
be one such determinant and
a3 a4
∆ 2n ∆n ∆ 2n

⇒ − n ⇒
= − ∆ n =n 3 their exists another determinant
4n 2
n 1 4
∆ 2n a a4

⇒ =∆ n =n 3          ...(3) Let ∆ 2 = 3
[obtained on interchanging R1
4 a1 a2
Applying AM > GM, we get and R2]
3 1
∆n + n Such that ∆1 + ∆2 = 0
> ∆n .n 3  2
2
 
∵ S = Sum of all the 24 determinants = 0
1 Since,     α > S ⇒ α > 0
∆ 2n 3 2
>  ∆ n .n  ∴       α =3
8
So the value of (a + S) . [k] + 10 will be 13.
∆2
2n > 64n 3
∆n 28. [5] To eliminate x, y and z.
27.[13] Let α be a common root of the given equation, then y z x
Let α= , β= and γ = in the given
   α2 + aα + [k + 1] = 0 z x x
⇒  α2
+ aα + [k] + 1 = 0 ...(i) equations

230 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
c But 16 are given to be zero. Thus it must have also

bα + =a, ...(i) been another pair for which determinant = 0
α
Let xw = yz …(i)
a
cβ + = b ...(ii)
xy = wz …(ii)
β ⇒ x2yw = z2 yw
b ⇒ x2 = z2 ⇒ x = z …(iii)
and aγ + =c ...(iii)
[x and z are +ve integers]
γ
Put (iii) in (i)
Also,    abg = 1
xw = yz ⇒ y = w …(iv)
From equations (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
Hence 2 pair alike
 c  a  b situation would be like
 bα +   cβ +  aγ +  =abc x, x, y, y also x2 – y2 = 16


α  β  γ
⇒ x = 5, y = 3
βγ αγ αβ

⇒ 2abc + ac 2 + a 2b + b2c Hence number are {5, 5, 3, 3}
α β γ Solution sets would be
γ β α 4!
+a 2c + bc 2 + ab 2 abc
= Arrangement of 5, 5, 3, 3 in 4 places = =6
αβ γα βγ Ans.] 2!2!
     
1 1 1 1 1 + x3

⇒ ac 2 + a 2b        [abg =1]
α2 β2 30. [2] x3 2 4 1 + 8x 3 =
10
1
+ b 2 c 2 + a 2 cγ 2 + bc 2β2 + ab 2 α 2 =−abc 3 9 1 + 27x 3

γ
1 1 1 1 1 1
 c2   a2   b2  3 6
⇒ a  2 + b 2α 2  +  2 + β2 c2  + c  2 + a 2 γ 2  = −abc

⇒ x 2 4 1+x 2 4 8 = 10
 α   β   γ 
3 9 1 3 9 27
                 ...(iv)
Applying C2 → C2 – C1 and C3 → C3 – C1, then
On squaring Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
1 0 0 1 0 0
c2 a2 3 6
b2α 2 +
2
= a 2 − 2bc,c 2β2 + = b2 – 2ca and x 2 2 −1 + x 2 2 6 = 10
α β2 3 6 −2 3 6 24

2 2 b2 2
a γ + = c − 2ab ⇒ 2x3 + 12x6 = 10 or 6x6 + x3 – 5 = 0

         
γ2
or (6x3 – 5) (x3 + 1) = 0
On putting these values in Eq. (iv), we get 5
x 3 = or x 3 = −1

a(a2 – 2bc) + b(b2 – 2ca) + c(c2 – 2ab) = –ab 6

⇒ a3 + b3 + c3 = 5abc 1/3
5
x y =
x   , −1
29. [6]  xw = yz .......(1) for D = 0 6
z w 
hence only 2 real values of x are possible.
other arrangement such that D = 0
4 arrangements wx = yz ........(2) COMPREHENSION TYPE
xw = zy ........(3)
wx = zy ........(4) Paragraph for Solution Nos. 31 to 32
Also 4 for changing {x, w} and {y, z} diagonally. 31. (a)
Let x3 – 4x2 = a, bx – 2x2 = b and 3bx – 8 = g
x y
z yz = wx
w  α β γ
 yz = xw
Now, D(x) = β γ α
zy = wx
zy = xw γ α β
P Determinant 231
W
= –(a + b + g)(a2 + b2 + g2 – ab – bg – ga) x + c1 a − c1 a − c1
−(α + β + γ ) f ( x) =+
x b c2 − b a − b
= [(a – b)2 + (b – g)2 + (g – a)2]
2 x+b 0 c3 − b

−1 3

\ D(x) = (x – 6x2 + 4bx – 8)
2 x a − c1 a − c1 c1 a − c1 a − c1
((x3 – 4x2 – bx + 2x2)2 + (bx – 2x2 – 3bx + 8)2 ⇒ f ( x) = x c2 − b a − b + b c2 − b a − b

         + (3bx – 8 – x3 – 4x2)2) x 0 c3 − b b 0 c3 − b
3
Hence, ∆ (x) = (x − 6x 2 + 4bx − 8)
 1 a − c1 a − c1 c1 a − c1 a − c1
f (x )
⇒ f ( x)= x 1 c 2 − b a − b + b c 2 − b a − b

 1 3 2 2 2 2 1 0 c3 − b b 0 c3 − b
 −  ((x − 2x − bx) + (2x + 2bx + 8)
 2
+ (x 3 + 4x 2 − 3bx + 8) 2 )
⇒ f(x) = Px + Q

g(x ) Now,
l1
f(–a) = –Pa + Q
Now, f(x) = 0 ⇒ x3 – 6x2 + 4bx – 8 = 0 l2
f(–b) = –Pb + Q
l3
λ1 + λ 2 + λ 3 6 f(–a) – f(–b) = Pb – Pa
Also A.M. = = = 2
3 3 f (−a) − f (− b)
and G.M. = (8)1/3 = 2 P=

(b − a)
∵ A.M. = G.M. l1 = l2 = l3 = 2
Hence, l1l2 + l2l3 + l3l1 = 4b c1 − a 0 0
⇒ 4b = 12 ⇒   b =  3 f (−a) = b − a c 2 − a 0

32. (a) b − a b − a c3 − a
Given g(x) = –1/2 ((x3 – 2x2 – bx)2 + (2x2 + 2bx – 8)2
= (c3 – a) (c1 – a) (c2 – a)
+ (x3 + 4x2 – 3bx + 8)2). As g(x) cannot be zero for any
real value of x. f(–b) = (c1 – b) (c2 – b) (c3 – b)
33. (a)
g(x) = (c1 – x) (c2 – x) (c3 – x)
For n × n matrix
g(a) = (c1 – a) (c2 – a) (c3 – a) = f(–a)
R1 can be filled with 2n–1 ways
g(b) = (c1 – b) (c2 – b) (c3 – b) = f(–b)
R2 can be filled with 2n–1 ways
g(a) − g(b)
P=
Rn–1 can be filled with 2n–1 ways b−a
So, total number of n × n minus special determinants 36. (d)
= (2n–1) × (2n–1) × ..........(n – 1) times
f(x) = Px + Q
n–1 2
= (2n–1) = 2(n–1) f(–a) = –Pa + Q .........(i)
34. (b) f(–b) = –Pb + Q .........(ii)

Minimum value of minus special determinents from (i) and (ii), we get
1 1 −1 bf (−a) − af (− b)
Q=
= 1 −1 1 =
−4 b−a
−1 1 1 we know that f(–a) = g(a) and f(–b) = g(b)
35. (c) bg(a) − ag(b)
⇒ Q=


C2 → C2 – C1 C3 → C3 – C1 b−a

232 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
MATRIX MATCH (b) Applying C1 → C1 – (cot b) C2, we get

37. (a) 0 sin a sin b cos a


 2 cos t 1 0 
D= 0 cos a sin b − sin a
 1 2 cos t 1  − sin a/sin b sin a cos b 0
A(t) = 
 0 1 2 cos t  sin a
  = – [–sin b sin2 a – cos2 a sin b]
|A(t) = 2 cos2 (4 cos2 t – 1) – 2 cos t = 8 cos3 t – 4 cos t sin b
[expanding along C1]
     |A(t)| = 4 cos t cos 2t   = sin a
(a) |A(t)| = 4 ⇒   t = 2np, n ∈ I (c) Taking 1/sin a cos b, 1/sin a sin b, 1/cos a common
⇒ t = –2p, 0, 2p, 4p from C1, C2, C3, respectively, we get
 π   4π  1
(b) A   A 
D= 2
∆1
 17   17  sin a cos a sin b cos b

π 2π 4π 8π 1 1 1
= 16 cos cos cos cos
17 17 17 17 where D2 = − cot a − cot a tan a
16π tan b − cot b 0
sin
= 17 = 1 0 1 1
π
sin = 0 − cot a tan a
17
(c) |A(t) + |A(2t)| = 4 cos t cos 2t 1/sin b cos b − cot b 0
+ 4 cos 2t cos 4t ≤ 8 Applying C1 → C1 – C2, we get
π
1
(d) ∫16 cos t cos 2t cos 4t cos 8tdt
0

D=
sin b cos b
[tan a + cot a]

π
sin 16tdt 1
= ∫
0
sin t
    =
sin a cos a sin b cos b
π
 sin 16t sin(16π − 16t)  a2 b sin A c sin A
=
∫0  sin t + sin(π − t)  dt (d) b sin A 1 cos A
= 0 c sin A cos A 1
38. (a) a2 a sin B a sin C
(a) Multiplying C1 by a, C2 by b and C3 by c, we obtain = a sin B 1 cos A
a b a +b a sin C cos A 1

c c c
1 b+c b c 1 sin B sin C
D= −
abc a a a = a2 sin B 1 cos A
b(b + c) b(a + 2c + c) b(a + b) sin C cos A 1
− −
ac ac ac
1 0 0
Applying C1 → C1 + C2 + C3, we get
= a2 sin B 2
1 − sin B cos A − sin B sin C
b a +b sin C cos A − sin B sin C 1 − sin 2 C
0 −
c c
[Applying C2 → C2 – (sin B) C1 and C3 → C3 – (sin C)C1]
1 b c

D= 0 = a2[cos2 B cos­2 C – (cos A – sin B sin C)2]
abc a a
b(a + 2b + c) b(a + b) = a2[cos2B cos2C – (cos(B + C) + sin B sin C)2]
0 −
ac ac = a2[cos2 B cos2 C – cos2 B cos2 C]
This show that D is independent of a, b and c. = 0
P Determinant 233
W

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