Advanced Assignment – P10 – Mechanical Properties of Fluids

INSTRUCTIONS

Answer each of the following questions.

SINGLE CORRECT TYPE

1. A container of a large uniform cross-sectional area 𝐴 resting on a horizontal surface

holds two immiscible, non-viscous and incompressible liquids of densities 𝑑 and 2𝑑,
𝐻
each of height 2 as shown in Fig. The lower density liquid is open to atmosphere. A
𝐻 𝐴
homogeneous solid cylinder of length 𝐿 (𝐿 < 2 ), cross-sectional area is immersed
5
𝐿
such that it floats with its axis vertical to the liquid-liquid interface with length in the
4
denser liquid.
The density of the solid is
3𝑑 4𝑑
A) 2
B) 3
5𝑑
C) D) 3𝑑
4

2. A vessel containing water is given a constant acceleration towards the right, along a straight horizontal path. Which of
the diagrams (Fig.) represent the surface of the liquid

A) B) C) D)

3. A hemispherical portion of radius 𝑅 is removed from the bottom of a cylinder of radius 𝑅. The volume
of the remaining cylinder is 𝑉 and its mass is 𝑀. It is suspended by a string in a liquid of density 𝜌 where
it stays vertical (see Fig.) The upper part of the cylinder is at a depth ℎ below the liquid surface. The
force on the bottom of the cylinder exerted by the liquid is
A) 𝑀𝑔
B) 𝑀𝑔 − 𝑉𝜌𝑔
C) 𝑀𝑔 + 𝜋𝑅2 𝐻𝜌𝑔
D) 𝜌𝑔(𝑉 + 𝜋𝑅2 ℎ)

4. A wooden block with a coin placed on its top, floats in water as shown in Fig. The distance 𝑙 and ℎ
are shown. After some time the coin falls into the water. Then
A) 𝑙 decreases and ℎ increases
B) 𝑙 increases and ℎ decreases
C) both 𝑙 and ℎ increase
D) both 𝑙 and ℎ decrease

5. Water is filled up to a height ℎ in a beaker of radius 𝑅 as shown in Fig. The density of water is 𝜌, the surface tension of
water is 𝑇 and the atmospheric pressure is 𝑃0 . Consider a vertical section 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 of the water column through a diameter
of the beaker. The force on water on one side of this section by water on the other side of this section has magnitude
A) |2𝑃0 𝑅ℎ + 𝜋𝑅2 𝜌𝑔ℎ − 2 𝑅𝑇|
B) |2𝑃0 𝑅ℎ + 𝑅𝜌𝑔ℎ2 − 2 𝑅𝑇|
C) |𝑃0 𝜋𝑅2 + 𝑃𝜌𝑔ℎ2 − 2 𝑅𝑇|
D) |𝑃0 𝜋𝑅2 + 𝑅𝜌𝑔ℎ2 + 2 𝑅𝑇|

Avanti – P10 – Advanced Assignment – Mechanical Properties of Fluids

6. A glass tube of uniform internal radius (𝑟) has a valve separating the two identical ends. Initially, the valve is in a tightly
closed position. End 1 has a hemispherical soap bubble of radius 𝑟. End 2 has sub-hemispherical soap bubble as shown
Fig. Just after opening the value.
A) air form end 1 flows towards end 2. No change in the volume of the soap bubbles
B) air from end 1 flows towards end 2. Volume of the soap bubble at end 1 decreases
C) no change occurs
D) air from end 2 flows towards end 1. Volume of the soap bubble at end 1 increases
7. A large block of ice 5 𝑚 thick has a vertical hole drilled through it and is floating in the middle of a lake. The minimum
length of the rope required to scoop up bucket full of water through the hole is (the relative density of ice = 0.9)
A) 1 𝑚 B) 0.9 𝑚 C) 0.5 𝑚 D) 0.45 𝑚
8. A closed compartment containing gas is moving with some acceleration in horizontal direction. Neglect the effect of
gravity. Then the pressure in the compartment is
A) the same everywhere B) lower in the front side
C) lower in the rear side D) lower in the upper side
9. A vessel contains oil (density 0.8 𝑔 𝑐𝑚−3 ) over mercury (density 13.6 𝑔 𝑐𝑚−3 ). A homogeneous sphere floats with half
volume immersed in mercury and the other half in oil. The density of the material of the sphere in 𝑔 𝑐𝑚−3 is
A) 3.3 B) 6.4 C) 7.2 D) 12.8

10. A liquid stands at the same level in arms 𝐴 and 𝐵 of a U-tube. If the U-tube is given a constant
acceleration 𝑎 (< 𝑔) towards the right as shown in Fig. the level of liquid in limb 𝐴 rises to a height
ℎ above the level in limb 𝐵.
If the length of the horizontal part of the U-tube is 𝐿, the value of ℎ is given by
𝐿𝑎 𝐿𝑔
A) B)
𝑔 𝑎
𝑎 𝑎
C) 𝐿 (1 + 𝑔) D) 𝐿 (1 − 𝑔)

11. A wooden ball of density 𝜎 is released from the bottom of a tank which is filled with a liquid of density 𝜌; (𝜌 > 𝜎) up to
a height ℎ1 . The ball rises in the liquid, emerges from its surface and attains a height ℎ2 in air. If viscous effects are
neglected, the ratio ℎ2 /ℎ1 is
𝜌 𝜌 𝜌 𝜎
A) (𝜎 + 1) B) (𝜎 + 1) C) D)
𝜎 𝜌

12. Tanks 𝐴 and 𝐵 open at the top contain two different liquids upto certain height in them. 𝐴 hole is made to the wall of
each tank at a depth ℎ from the surface of the liquid. The area of the hole in 𝐴 is twice that in 𝐵. If the liquid mass flux
(i.e. rate of mass of liquid flowing per unit area) through each hole is equal, then the ratio of the densities of the liquids
in 𝐴 and 𝐵, is:
2 3 2 1
A) B) C) D)
1 2 3 2

13. A large container (with open top) of negligible mass and uniform cross-sectional area 𝐴 has a small hole of cross-
sectional area 𝑎 in its side wall near the bottom. The container is keep on a smooth horizontal platform and contains a
liquid of density 𝜌 and mass 𝑚. If the liquid starts flowing out of the hole at time 𝑡 = 0. The initial acceleration of the
container is
𝑔𝑎 𝑔𝐴 2𝑔𝑎 𝑔𝐴
A) B) C) D)
𝐴 𝑎 𝐴 2𝑎

14. In 𝑄. 13 above, the velocity of the liquid when 75% of the liquid has drained out is
3𝑚𝑔 2𝑚𝑔 𝑚𝑔 𝑚𝑔
A) √ 4𝐴𝜌 B) √ C) 2√ 𝐴𝜌 D) √2 𝐴𝜌
𝐴𝜌

15. A cylindrical tank having cross-sectional area 𝐴 is filled with water to a height of 2.0 𝑚. A circular hole of cross-sectional
𝑎
area 𝑎 is opened at a height of 75 𝑐𝑚 from the bottom. 𝐴 = √0.2, the velocity with which water emerges from the hole
is (𝑔 = 9.8 𝑚𝑠 −2 ).
A) 4.9 𝑚𝑠 −1 B) 4.95 𝑚𝑠 −1
C) 5.0 𝑚𝑠 −1 D) 5.5 𝑚𝑠 −1
16. A syringe containing water is held horizontally with its nozzle at a height ℎ above the
ground as shown in Fig. The cross-sectional areas of the piston and the nozzle are 𝐴
and 𝑎 respectively. The piston is pushed with a constant speed 𝑉. The horizontal
range 𝑅 of the stream of water on the ground is.

Avanti – P10 – Advanced Assignment – Mechanical Properties of Fluids

 2ℎ 𝑔 𝑎𝑉 2ℎ 𝐴𝑉 2ℎ
A) 𝑅 = 𝑉 √ 𝑔 B) 𝑅 = 𝑉√2ℎ C) 𝑅 = √𝑔 D) 𝑅 = √𝑔
𝐴 𝑎

17. A small metal sphere of radius 𝑟 and density 𝜌 falls from rest in a viscous liquid of density 𝜎 and coefficient of viscosity
𝜂. Due to friction heat is produced. The rate of production of heat when the sphere has acquired the terminal velocity
is proportional to
A) 𝑟 2 B) 𝑟 3 C) 𝑟 4 D) 𝑟 5

18. A liquid is kept in a cylindrical vessel which is rotating about its axis. The liquid rises at its sides. If the radius of the
vessel is 0.05 𝑚 and the speed of rotation is 2 revolutions per second, find the difference in the heights (in cm) of the
liquid at the centre of the vessel and at its sides. Take 𝜋 2 = 10 and 𝑔 = 10 𝑚𝑠 −2 .
A) 2𝑐𝑚 B) 4𝑐𝑚 C) 6𝑐𝑚 D) 8𝑐𝑚

MULTIPLE CORRECT TYPE

19. Choose the wrong statements from the following A boat carrying a large number of stones is floating in a water tank. If
the stones are unloaded into the water in the tank, the level of water
A) remains unchanged B) rises
C) falls D) falls at first and then rises to the same level as
before.

20. A cubical block of steel 10 𝑐𝑚 on each sides of floating on mercury in a vessel. The height of the block above the mercury
level is ℎ1 . Water column of height ℎ2 is now poured into the vessel so that is just covers the steel block. Density of steel
= 7.8 × 103 𝑘𝑔 𝑚−3 and that of mercury = 13.6 × 103 𝑘𝑔 𝑚−3 .
The values of ℎ1 and ℎ2 are
A) ℎ1 = 2.3 𝑐𝑚 B) ℎ1 = 4.3 𝑐𝑚 C) ℎ2 = 4.6 𝑐𝑚 D) ℎ2 = 7.6 𝑐𝑚

21. A spring balance reads 10 𝑘𝑔 when a bucket of water is suspended from it. It reads 𝑊1 when an ice cube of mass 1.5 𝑘𝑔
is put into the bucket and it reads 𝑊2 when an iron piece (relative density 7.2) of mass 7.2 𝑘𝑔 suspended from another
string is immersed with half its volume inside the water in bucket. Then
A) 𝑊1 − 1 = 10 𝑘𝑔 B) 𝑊1 = 11.5 𝑘𝑔 C) 𝑊2 = 10.5 𝑘𝑔 D) 𝑊2 = 11 𝑘𝑔

22. A U-tube is filled with two immiscible liquid of densities 𝜌1 and 𝜌2 as shown in Fig. If 𝑃𝐴 , 𝑃𝐵 , 𝑃𝐶 and
𝑃𝐷 are the pressure at points 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶 and 𝐷 respectively, then
A) 𝑃𝐴 = 𝑃𝐵 B) 𝑃𝐶 = 𝑃𝐷
C) 𝜌1 > 𝜌2 ℎ1 𝜌2
D) =
ℎ2 𝜌1

23. A wire is found to have a length 𝐿 when it is loaded with a block of mass 𝑀 and relative density 𝑛. When the block is
immersed in water, the length of the wire reduces by 𝑥, then
𝑀𝑔
A) weight of water displaced when the block is immersed in water is .
𝑛
1
B) the apparent loss of weight due to immersion is 𝑀𝑔 (1 − ).
𝑛
C) The original length of the wire before it was loaded is 𝐿1 = 𝐿 − 𝑛𝑥.
D) 𝐿1 = 𝐿 − 𝑥/𝑛.

24. A cylinder is partly filled with a liquid and then sealed. The pressure on the surface of the liquid is 𝑃 and the force
exerted at the bottom of the cylinder is 𝐹. If some air is removed from the cylinder with the help of a vacuum pump,
then
A) 𝑃 will decrease and 𝐹 will increase B) 𝑃 and 𝐹 both will decrease
C) the liquid level in the cylinder rises D) the liquid level remains unchanged.

25. A U-tube of cross-sectional area 𝑎 is filled with a liquid of density 𝜌. Air is blown into arm 𝐴 until the liquid levels in the
two arms are shown in Fig. The blowing is then stopped. The initial restoring force is 𝐹. When the liquid comes to rest,
the loss in potential energy is 𝑈. Then
A) 𝐹 = 2𝑎𝜌𝑔ℎ B) 𝐹 = 𝑎𝜌𝑔ℎ
C) 𝑈 = 2𝑎𝜌𝑔ℎ2 D) 𝑈 = 𝑎𝜌𝑔ℎ2

Avanti – P10 – Advanced Assignment – Mechanical Properties of Fluids

26. A uniform cylinder of density 𝜌 and cross-sectional area 𝐴 floats in equilibrium in two non-mixing liquids of densitites
𝜌1 and 𝜌2 as shown in Fig. The length of the part of the cylinder in air is ℎ and the lengths of the part of cylinder
immersed in the liquid are ℎ1 and ℎ2 as shown in the figure.
𝜌 𝜌
A) ℎ = ℎ1 ( 𝜌1 + 1) − ℎ2 ( 𝜌2 + 1)
𝜌 𝜌
B) ℎ = ℎ1 ( 𝜌1 − 1) + ℎ2 ( 𝜌2 + 1)
C) The cylinder is depressed in such a way that its top surface is just covered by the liquid of
density 𝜌1 and then released. The restoring force acting on the cylinder is 𝐹 = ℎ𝐴𝜌2 𝑔.
ℎ(𝜌 +𝜌2 )𝑔
D) In choice (c) above, the acceleration of the cylinder is 𝑎 = (ℎ+ℎ1
1 +ℎ2 )𝜌

27. A container of width 2𝑎 is filled with a liquid. A thin wire of mass per unit length 𝜇 is gently
placed on the middle of the surface as shown in Fig. As a result the liquid surface is depressed
by a distance 𝑦. The surface tension of liquid is given by
𝜇𝑔
A) 𝜎 = 2 cos 𝜃
𝜇𝑔
B) 𝜎 = 2 sin 𝜃
𝜇𝑔𝑎
C) If 𝑦 ≪ 𝑎, then 𝜎 = 2𝑦
𝜇𝑔𝑎
D) If 𝑦 ≪ 𝑎, then 𝜎 = 𝑦

28. Two solid spheres 𝐴 and 𝐵 of equal volumes but of different densityes 𝑑𝐴 and 𝑑𝐵 are connected by
string. They are fully immersed in a fluid of density 𝑑𝐹 . They get arranged into an equilibrium state as
shown if Fig. with a tension in the sting. The arrangement is possible only if
A) 𝑑𝐴 < 𝑑𝐹 B) 𝑑𝐵 > 𝑑𝐹
C) 𝑑𝐴 > 𝑑𝐹 D) 𝑑𝐴 + 𝑑𝐵 = 2𝑑𝐹

29. In a streamlined flow of a liquid through a tube of nonuniform cross-section,

A) the speed of a particle at a given point is the same as that of the preceding particle passing that point.
B) the velocity of a particle at a given point is the same as that of the preceding particle passing that point.
C) The momenta of all particles passing a given point are the same.
D) The kinetic energy of every particle passing a given point is the same.

30. A liquid is flowing steadily through a horizontal tube shown in Fig. If 𝑃𝑎 and 𝑃𝐵 are the pressures at 𝐴 and 𝐵 and 𝑣𝐴
and 𝑣𝐵 , the velocity of flow at 𝐴 and 𝐵, then
A) 𝑃𝐴 = 𝑃𝐵 because 𝐴 and 𝐵 are at the same horizontal level.
B) 𝑃𝐴 is greater than 𝑃𝐵 .
C) 𝑣𝐴 is greater than 𝑣𝐵 .
D) 𝑣𝐴 is less than 𝑣𝐵 .

31. A syringe containing water is held horizontally with its nozzle at a height ℎ = 1.25 𝑚
above the ground as shown in Fig. The diameter of the piston is 5 times that the of nozzle.
The piston is pushed with a constant speed of 20 𝑐𝑚 𝑠 −1 . If 𝑔 = 10 𝑚𝑠 −2 ,
A) The speed of water emerging from the nozzle is 5 𝑚𝑠 −1 .
B) The time taken by water hit the ground is 0.5 𝑠.
C) The horizontal range 𝑅 = 2.5 𝑚.
D) The magnitude of the velocity with which the water hits the ground is 5√2 𝑚𝑠 −1 .
32. A liquid of density 𝜌 is contained in a cylindrical vessel of radius 𝑟. When the vessel is rotated about its axis at an angular
velocity 𝜔, the liquid rises by ℎ at the sides as shown in Fig. If 𝑝𝑐 is the pressure of the liquid at the centre and 𝑝𝑠 at the
sides of the vessel, then
A) 𝑝𝑐 > 𝑝𝑠
B) 𝑝𝑐 < 𝑝𝑠
𝑟 2 𝜔2
C) ℎ = 2𝑔
𝑟 2 𝜔2
D) ℎ =
𝑔

Avanti – P10 – Advanced Assignment – Mechanical Properties of Fluids

 COMPREHENSION TYPE

Questions 33 to 36 are based on the following passage

The earth’s atmosphere is a mixture of gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, tiny amounts of carbon dioxide and traces of other
gases. Because of the pull of gravity, these gases tend to accumulate near the surface of the earth. The weight of these gases
causes an atmospheric pressure of about 105 𝑃𝑎 on the surface of the earth. Because the density of air decreases with
height (ℎ) above the surface of the earth, the atmospheric pressure (𝑃) decreases with ℎ. In fact 𝑃 varies with ℎ as
𝑃 = 𝑃0 𝑒 −ℎ/ℎ0
where 𝑃0 = atmospheric pressure at sea-level (ℎ = 0) and ℎ0 is a constant.

33. The dimensional formula for constant ℎ0 is

A) [𝑀0 𝐿0 𝑇 0 ] B) [𝑀0 𝐿 𝑇 0 ] C) [𝑀 𝐿0 𝑇 0 ] D) None of these

34. The pressure gradient 𝑑𝑃/𝑑ℎ is proportional to 𝜌𝑛 where 𝜌 is the density of air. The value of 𝑛 is
1
A) zero B) C) 1 D) 2
2

35. Which of the graphs shown in Fig. represents the variation of 𝑃 with ℎ?

A) B) C) D)

36. The height at which the atmospheric pressure is half its value at sea level is
A) ℎ = ℎ0 B) ℎ = 2ℎ0 C) ℎ = ℎ0 log 𝑒 (2) D) ℎ = ℎ0 𝑒 −1/2

Questions 𝟑𝟕 to 𝟑𝟗 are based on the following passage

A tank has a cylindrical hole 𝐻 of diameter 2𝑟 at its bottom as shown in Fig. Cylindrical block 𝐵 of
diameter 4𝑟 and height ℎ is placed on the hole 𝐻 to prevent the flow of liquid through the hole. The
liquid in the tank stands at a height ℎ1 above the top face of the block. The density of liquid is 𝜌 and
that of the block is 𝜌/3.

37. If the liquid is gradually taken out of the tank, the height ℎ1 of the liquid surface above the top face of the block for
which the block just begins to rise is
2ℎ 3ℎ 5ℎ
A) B) C) D) 2ℎ
3 4 3

38. If the liquid level is further lowered so that it stands at a depth ℎ2 above the bottom face of the block as shown in the
figure, then the maximum value of ℎ2 so that the block does not move is
4ℎ ℎ 2ℎ 5ℎ
A) B) C) D)
9 3 3 9
39. If the liquid level is lowered below ℎ2 , then
A) the block will never rise ℎ
B) the block will start rising if ℎ2 = 3
ℎ ℎ
C) the block will start rising if ℎ2 = D) the block will start rising if ℎ2 =
4 5

Question 𝟒𝟎 to 𝟒𝟐 are based on the following passage

A cylindrical tank of cross-sectional area 𝐴 rests on a platform of height 𝐻 from the ground as shown
in Fig. It has a hole of cross-sectional area 𝑎 on the side wall at the bottom. The tank is filled with
water to a height ℎ. The plug is removed from the hole.

40. The initial speed with which the water hits the ground is
1
1 2
A) √2𝑔ℎ B) [2𝑔(𝐻2 + ℎ2 )2 ] C) √2𝑔(𝐻 + ℎ) D) √2 𝑔𝐻

41. The stream of water strikes the ground at a distance 𝑅 given by

A) √ℎ𝐻 B) √2𝑔𝐻 C) 2√ℎ𝐻 D) √(ℎ2 + 𝐻2 )

42. The time taken to empty the tank to one fourth of its original volume of water is
𝐴 ℎ 𝐴 2ℎ 𝐴 𝐻 𝑎 2𝐻
A) √2𝑔 B) √𝑔 C) √2𝑔 D) √𝑔
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝐴

Avanti – P10 – Advanced Assignment – Mechanical Properties of Fluids

Questions 𝟒𝟑 to 𝟒𝟓 are based on the following passage
A container of large uniform cross-sectional area 𝐴 resting on a horizontal surface, is filled with
two non-mixing and non viscous liquids of densities 𝑑 and 2𝑑, each to a height 𝐻/2 as shown in
Fig. A tiny hole of cross-sectional area 𝑎 (≪ 𝐴) is punched on the vertical side of the container at
a height ℎ = 𝐻/4.

43. The initial speed of efflux of the liquid from the hole is
A) 2√2 𝑔𝐻 B) 2√𝑔𝐻 C) √2 𝑔𝐻 D) √𝑔𝐻

44. The horizontal range 𝑥 of the liquid initially is

𝐻 𝐻 𝐻
A) 𝐻 B) C) D)
√2 2 2√2

45. The height ℎ of the hole from the ground for which the horizontal range 𝑥 is maximum is
2𝐻 3𝐻 3𝐻 𝐻
A) B) C) D)
3 2 4 2

Questions 𝟒𝟔 to 𝟓𝟏 are based on the following passage

If a body is immersed in a fluid, it experiences an upward force called the buoyant force. The magnitude of buoyant force
depends on (a) the size or volume of the body and (b) the density of the fluid. How large is this buoyant force? The answer
to this question was discovered by the Greek Philosopher and mathematician Archimedes (287 − 212 𝐵. 𝐶. ) and is known
as Archimedes Principle which states that ‘When 𝑎 body is immersed wholly or partly in 𝑎 fluid. It experiences an upthrust
equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by it.’ This principle holds for bodies of any shape and for fluids of even non-uniform
density. The necessary condition for a body to float in a liquid is that the weight of the liquid displaced by the immersed
portion of the body must be equal to the weight of the body.

46. A block of wood floats in a liquid in a beaker with 3/4ths of its volume submerged under the liquid. If the beaker is
placed in an enclosure that is falling freely under gravity, the block will
A) float with 3/4ths of its volume submerged B) float completely submerged
C) float with any fraction of its volume submerged D) sink to the bottom.
47. A common hydrometer has a uniform stem graduated downwards from 0, 1, 2, … up to 10. When floating in pure
water it reads 0 and in a liquid of relative density 1.5, it reads 10. What is the relative density of a liquid in which it
reads 5?
A) 1.15 B) 1.20 C) 1.25 D) 1.30
48. A piece of copper having an internal cavity weights 264 𝑔 in air and 221 𝑔 in water. The density of copper is 8.8 𝑔 𝑐𝑚−3 .
What is the volume of the cavity?
A) 12 𝑐𝑚3 B) 13 𝑐𝑚3 C) 14 𝑐𝑚3 D) 15 𝑐𝑚3
49. A concrete sphere of radius 𝑅 has a cavity of radius 𝑟 which is packed with sawdust. The relative densities of concrete
and sawdust are 2.4 and 0.3 respectively. For this sphere to float with its entire volume submerged under water, the
ratio of the mass of concrete to the mass of sawdust will be
A) 8 B) 4 C) 3 D) zero
50. A cube floating in mercury contained in a beaker has one-third of its volume submerged in mercury. Water is poured
into the beaker till the cube is completely covered. What fraction of the volume of the cube is now submerged in
mercury? The relative density of mercury = 13.6
A) 0.38 B) 0.28 C) 0.18 D) 0.08

51. A cubical block od density 𝜌 floats completely immersed in two non-mixing liquid of
densities 𝜌1 and 𝜌2 as shown in Fig. The relation between 𝜌, 𝜌1 and 𝜌2 is
1
A) 𝜌 = 2 (𝜌1 + 𝜌2 ) B) 𝜌 = 2𝜌1 + 𝜌2
1 1
C) 𝜌 = 3 (2𝜌1 + 𝜌2 ) D) 𝜌 = 3 (𝜌1 + 2𝜌2 )

Avanti – P10 – Advanced Assignment – Mechanical Properties of Fluids