Physics Project
Rain Detector
(2023-2024)
ASIAN INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE SCHOOL
Ruwais, Abu Dhabi
UAE
NAME: NIDHIN
GRADE: 12
REGISTER NO.:
GUIDED BY: MS. JOSENA
1
INDEX
Sl No. Topic Page
1. Acknowledgement 3
2. Aim 4
3. Materials Required 5
4. Procedure 6
5. Working 7
6. Pros and Cons 8
7. Applications 9
8. Conclusion 10
9. Bibliography 11
Acknowledgement
I wish to express my deep gratitude and sincere thanks to the
Principal, Mr. Anzar Abdul Salam , for his encouragement and
for providing such an opportunity of making this report.
This project was assigned to me by Ms. Josena as part of the
Summer Holidays during my 12th grade in the 2023-24
academic year. I wholeheartedly thank Ms. Josena and the
entire Physics faculty for giving me the opportunity to not just
make this project, but also explore other areas of Science that
interests learners like me. I would also like to thank my parents
and my friends for their continuous support and plethora of
ideas. “Ideas generate innovation.” I can assure you that this
quote has never been more literal than now. I have experienced
the wide-ranging ideas with the help of my friends and family.
Aim
In this project, I aim to focus on the conservation of water as water
is a basic need in every one’s life. Saving water and proper usage of
water is very important. Management of water resources and
proper usage have become increasingly important in recent years.
Here is an easy project which will give the alarm when there is rain,
so that we can make some actions for rainwater harvesting and also
save the rain water for using it later.With the help of saving this
rain water through rain water harvesting, we can increase the levels
of underground water by using underwater recharge technique.
Rain water detectors will detect the rain and make an alert; rain
water detectors are used in the irrigation field, home automation,
communication, automobiles etc. Here is the simple and reliable
circuit of rain water detectors which can be constructed at low cost.
In this project, we have designed a simple Rain Alarm Circuit,
which, upon detecting rain, will activate a buzzer. Based on the
buzzer, we can take necessary actions.
Materials Required
9V Battery Buzzer Used Blades
Switch LED Transistor
Procedure
1. Create a base using a wood sheet or any other material.
2. Connect the used blades with connecting wires.
3. Connect the terminals of LED, transistor and buzzer with
connecting wires
4. Connect emitter and battery(-ve) to switch terminals.
5. Connect battery(+ve),LED(+ve),Buzzer(+ve) and Blade together.
6. Connect buzzer(-ve),Collector and LED(-ve) together.
7. Connect base to the other end of blade
Working
When no rain falls on the surface of the pad then it has high
resistance & less conductivity. When the rain drop falls on the
blades, it will form a conductive path between the wires and the
resistance between wires will decrease because water is a great
electricity conductor. At this point, the wires will start conducting
current.The voltage is supplied to the transistor to turn ON the
transistor then it activates the buzzer which is connected to it. Here,
the buzzer in this circuit works like an alarm to alert the user.
Simply, these blades are working as a switch, so whenever water is
present on the blades it allows the current to pass through it (ON
condition). And, if there is no water then it discontinues the flow of
current due to high resistance (OFF condition).
Pros And Cons
Pros:
➨It helps in saving money by switching off the irrigation
system when it rains. This saves money by cutting off bills
on electricity consumption.
➨It extends life of rain detector based systems such as car
wiper, irrigation systems by running them only when it is
necessary.
➨Rain detectors help save water during rain events and
hence water is available during summer and emergency
applications such as firefighting etc.
➨Operating principle is very easy.
➨It consumes less power for operation.
➨Installation of rain detector based systems are very much
simple.
➨Individual rain detector costs very less.
Cons:
➨The rain detector based system functions when water
falls on the detector directly.
➨The cost of overall system increases as additional
components are needed along with rain detector.
➨In order to avoid false detection of rain, it requires rain
detectors to take decision after few minutes.
Applications
A rain detector alarm is a very useful device to alert when it is
raining. It can be used in several areas and places where the user
wants to be alerted the moment a single raindrop falls. It can be
used:
1. In the irrigation, it will detect the rain and immediately alert the
farmer.
2. In automobiles, when the rain detector detects the rain it will
immediately activate the wipers and inform the driver.
3. In communications, it will boost the power of the antenna and
increase the signal strength to send or receive the signals.
4. In a normal household, with the help of a rainwater detector we
can automatically save the rain water. (This can be done only
when home automation is done and there is proper equipment to
save the rain water. In this, a rain water detector will detect the
rain and help to switch ON the equipment which will
automatically save rain water for different purposes).
5. This can also be used if there is a chemical rain also. This is very
common in industrial areas.
Conclusion
Concluding that rain detector detects and triggers the alarm
so that an action is taken at a moment. It is activated even at
the thinnest water drop. Hence this proposed system helps to
collect and save the water collected during rain.
This project can be easily constructed using simple and
cheap components. I had gained a lot of experience and new
knowledge during the making of this project, which is very
valuable to me. From the objective above, this project is
successfully achieved. For me this was an eye-opening
project for water conservation.
Bibliography
➢ https://www.watelectronics.com/rain-sensor/#:~
:text=Once%20the%20rain%20falls%20onto,alar
m%20to%20alert%20the%20user.
➢ https://www.electricaltechnology.org/2019/03/ra
in-alarm-circuit.html
➢ https://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en
➢ https://youtu.be/Apf-_iOBK74
➢ https://www.rfwireless-world.com/Terminology/
Advantages-and-Disadvantages-of-Rain-Sensor.h
tml
