Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

Even after four years of junior high school, high school students still
struggle with making the best choice. When they enrolled in the senior high
school program, students have trouble deciding which tracks, strands, and
specializations to pursue. After their moving- up ceremonies, the teenagers are
just starting to think about what they want to do with their lives. The degree to
which people have a clear and consistent understanding of their interests,
values, and future expectations is a crucial factor in every job decision. It is
critical to be aware of one’s interests and abilities that affect decision-making in
order to make more informed decisions. Making a decision about your career is
no longer a “one time” thing. Learning a method for making professional
decisions that can help you choose the right track for you.

The SHS curriculum strives to get pupils ready for either a job or further
study. In SHS Grade 10, students will study a common curriculum and have the
option of selecting one of four specializations: Academics. Livelihood,
Technical, and Vocational (TVL). Sports or visuals arts. The four strands that
make up the Academic Track are General Academic, Science, Technology and
Engineering (STEM), Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM), and
Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMMS). The Technical Vocational Track,
which also offers Information and Communities Technology (ICT).

The government’s implementation of K-12 program will help pupils

advance their skills, increase their competence, and grasp and cope with a
variety of issues with fresh curriculum. The course material has been enhanced
to better meet the demands. The most promising and useful skill in this
constantly changing world may be ability to be used whenever necessary.
Making career is a dynamic and ongoing process that involves balancing
knowledge of one’s self with knowledge of one’s values, interests,
temperament, needs for money, physical requirements for work, or limitations
thereto, effects of prior experiences, new information, and changes in one’s
environment and life situation.

The ultimate goal of education is to instill in students the necessary

values, attitudes, and knowledge. The quality of his or her life, as well as the
lives of his or her family, the community, and the wider society, can all be
improved in this way.
Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to determine the motivating factor that affects the senior high
school track preferences of the Grade 10 students of Naga National High School,
School Year 2023-2024.

Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:

1. What are the socio-demographic profile of Grade 10 students in terms of:

a. Age;
b. Gender
c. Parents’ Educational Attainment;
d. Parents’ Occupation;
e. Socio-Economic Status?
2. What career/field do the respondents want to specialize and pursue further once
they completed High School?
3. What track would the respondents prefer to take up for senior high school?
4. What are the motivating factors that influence their preferences of tracks among
these areas:
a. Personal Preferences
b. Job Opportunities
c. Family/Relatives
d. Peer/Friends
5. What are the suggestions or recommendation offered to help the respondents
come up with the right decision in choosing the track?
Setting of the study

This study was conducted at Naga National High School located at Naga, Tiwi ,
Albay. Naga National High School was the pioneer of geothermal education in the
municipality of Tiwi and one of the top performing schools in the province of Albay.

This Grade 10 Students of Naga National High School were grouped into 12
sections. The total population of grade 10 students in Naga National High School was
474.

Naga National High School offered two tracks in Senior High School, the
Academic track and Technical Vocational Livelihood track. Under academic track there
were three strands, the Accountancy Business and Management (ABM), Science
Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) and General Academic Strand
(GAS).
Scope and Delimitation

This study dealt with the motivating factors influencing students in choosing their
track in Naga National High School during the school year 2023-2024. The study
focused on the grade 10 students of Naga National High School who are having a hard
time deciding on what track to take.

This study did not involve other grade level as well as other school in the
municipality of Tiwi such as Tiwi Agro-Industrial School (TAIS), Joroan National High
School (JNHS) and Virgin of Carmel High School (VCHS). It only covered the grade 10
student of Naga National High School located Naga, Tiwi, Albay. This is the scope and
delimitation of this study.

Significance of the study

Learning is the aspect of development that connotes modification of behaviour,

skills and knowledge that results from practice and experience which sought for quality
education.

The generalization of this present study would be a great contribution to the vast
knowledge in relation to student’s achievements. Vital results of this investigation could
be highly significant and beneficial specifically to the following:

PUBLIC. The result of this study would help them to assess if the students could
be productive and helpful in public works and activities.

STUDENTS. The grade 10 students as prospective Senior High School learners

in the future, the findings of this study would benefit and inspire them to decide,
formulate and act upon on their career plans in the future.

FAMILY. The result of this study would help the parents to become aware on
what track their children wanted to take. And also to ready their finances in supporting
their abilities

children.
 TEACHERS.This study would help the teachers to reassert and focus more on
their fields and then provide a better learning experience for students,especially for the
teachers who would be teaching in Senior High School.

FRIENDS. The result of study will help them to reflect and become good example
to their friend.

SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS. This study would enable them to find ways card
means to improve The students abilities an skills that would empower them to pursue
meaningful careers.They can also gain insights into the quality of education that they
currently offer tp the K-12 students.

CURRICULUM PLANNERS.This study would give insights to them in designing

and implementing a feasible Senior High School curriculum that would teach the skills
and knowledge that the students need.

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION. Were benefited for they gain wisdom in producing

quality service to the students especially the secondary students through the realization
of K-12 program and would be motivated to continuously shape and improve the quality
of education in the country.

FUTURE RESEARCHERS. This study would serve as reference that would help in
conducting their own research studies.
 Chapter II

Review of Related Literature and Studies

The purpose of this chapter is to anchor the current study on firm discussions and
significant research results to establish building blocks for the analytical framework
adopted.

This chapter covered literature and studies that provide insights and direction to
the current study, the synthesis of the state of the art, theoretical and the conceptual
framework.

Although students have expressed interest in career planning and have been
reported to seek support from parents and friends, students have expressed
dissatisfaction with the current system of career counselling (Alexitch & Page 1997;
Aluede & Imohikhe 2002; Hutchinson & Bottorff 1986; Tomini & Page 1992). Alexitch
and page found that less than one-third of students reported having received
information concerning career preparation and opportunities available in a specific field
and general information about various universities and their high school guidance
counsellor. A reason for this may be that counsellors usually work in-depth with a small
percentage of their caseload and see the other students only for schedule changes and
registration once a year (Lehmanowsky 1991,p.385). Alexitch and page also found that
students reported being able to obtain career-related information from their high school
teachers and that this advice they had received from their high school guidance
counsellors. Other studies have found that students are not satisfied with the types of
services they actually received, of which the most significant was career counselling of
the students who reported having needed career counselling and 20% of students who
required college information reported having having received it.

Julien (1999) recently conducted a study on 399 students in two Canadian

secondary schools. Students faced significant barriers to career planning, including
4%believing they needed to go to too many different places for the information they
required 59.7% finding it difficult to locate all the information they needed to make a
career decision, and 37.6% not knowing where to get the answers to questions about
their future. Students also reported not knowing what grades (38.3%) they needed to
achieve their career goals, and over half (57%) of the students required more
information about financial assistance for further education. It also appeared that this
lack of career information was not for a lack of trying on the part of the adolescents
76.6% of there students reported that they had tried to get their questions answered,
and of those that did not,18% stated their reason for not doing so was because it was
too difficult, or that there was insufficient information available (Julien 1999,p.42) Julien
painted out that a potential reason for such feelings of anxiety was that many of the
adolescents did not understand the process of career decision making. That it appears
students may have variety of career planning systems.

Hiebert et al (2001) asserted that the development of an effective and

comprehensive guidance and counselling program begins with a comprehensive
guidance and counselling program begins with a comprehensive assessment of student
needs. Hearing directly from the students, rather than inferring what it is that they need,
not only helps to makes the process more relevant for the students, but it can help to
ensure that students actual needs are being met (Hiebert et al 2001).

SYNTHESIS OF THE STATE-OF-THE-ART

The studies presented by the researchers were interrelated with each other.
Alexitch, Aluede, Imonikhe Hutchinson,Bottorft, Tomini, Julien and Hiebert et al studied
at the factors influences the career and track preferences of the students.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

This research is anchored to relatable and pertinent theories which guided the
research with its sub-problem, contents findings and recommendations to be made
during the process of study. The predominant theories are discussed further in this
research , such as the theories of motivation theory, choice theory and educational
theory.

MOTIVATION THEORY
 Motivation theory is the study of understanding what drives a person to
work towards particular goal or outcome. Its relevant to all of society but is specially
important to business and management . That’s because a motivated employee is
more productive, and a more productive employee is more profitable.

Motivation is a state of mind, filled with energy and enthusiasm, which drives
a person to work in a certain way to achieve desired goals. Motivation is a force that
pushes people to work with a high level of commitment and focus, even if things a
going against them.

CHOICE THEORY

Choice theory is based on the simple prersive that every individual only her the
power to control themselves and has limited power to control other. Applying choice
theory allows one to take responsibility for one’s own life and at the same time,
withdraw from attempting to direct other people’s division and lives .Individuals are
expressed to take responsibility for their choices and support others in taking ownership
of their choices. Negative behaviors reduce in frequency and intensity, relationships
strengthen and satisfaction in life increases.

EDUCATIONAL THEORY

Educational theory has long served as an important forum for scholarship and
debate in the foundations of education. The purpose of the journal is twofold: to foster
the continuing development of educational concepts an aims among educators.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

CHOICE THEORY

MOTIVATION THEORY Academic

Self – esteem Technical-vocational livelihood

Self confidence Sports

Self efficacy Arts & design

CAREER PREFERENCES

EDUCATIONAL THEORY

Socio economic

STEM

ABM
DEFINITION OF TERMS

CASELOAD. The amount of work (in terms of number of cases) with a

doctor,lawyer,or social worker is concerned at me time.

CAREER RELATED. On occupation undertaken for a significant period of a person’s life

and with opportunities for progress.

BARRIERS. A fence or other obstacle that prevents movement or access.

COMPREHENSIVE. Covering completely or broadly inclusive,comprehensive

examinations ,comprehensive,insurance having or exhibiting wide metal grasp.
 Chapter III

RESEARCH DESIGN & METHODOLOGY

This chapter contains the research design and the methodology used in the
conduct of his study.It includes the sampling technique, sources of data, the research
subjects, population of the study, the instrument utilized to gather data, as well as the
statistical tools employed in processing the data.This chapter shows the researcher
came to the importance of data, and how these data were analyzed, interpreted and
presented in the easiest way possible.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The research design that the researchers used or utilized in this study are the two
types of research methods commonly used for data collection process the quantitative
and qualitative methods. Quantitative analysis uses data which is the converted into
numbers, graphs, tables and statistics to come to conclusion, while qualitative methods
often refer to case studies whrere the collection of information can be received from a
few studying objects.

The quantitative methods of research help todetermine the motivating factors that
effect the Senior High School tract preferences of the Grade 10 student of Naga
National High school for the School Years 2017-2018. It would see if dependent
variables relating to personality,family or relatives,interest and job opportunities were
significant factors influencing the tract preferest of the respondents.Descriptive
research is a type of research that is used to describe the characteristicsof a
population.It collects data that are used to answer a wide range of what,when,and how
questions pertaining to a particulation or group.

RESEARCH RESPONDENTS

The research respondents of this study are the Grade 10 students of Naga
National High School for the School Year 2023-2024.They are composed of 12
sections;10-STE with 33 students,10-Aluminum with 40 student,10-Barium with 39
students,10-Calcium with 44 students,10-Deuterium with 43 students,10-Einsteinium
with 38 students,10-Francium with 35 students,10-Gold with 41 student,10-Iron with 42
students,10-Krypton with 41 students,10-Lithium with 42 students,10-Magnesium with
36 students.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS

The main instrument used by the researcher for this study was a survey
questionnaire.The survey questionnaire was used to gather the respondents feed
back.The survey questionnier was divided into three parts.The first part o f the
questionnaire covers the socio-demographic profile of the respondent;such as
age,gender,parent’s occupation,and socioeconomic student.The second part covers the
career of field that respondent would pursue and as well as their track, preference,
lastly, third part of the questionnaire covered the motivating factors that influence
preferred track of the students.it is a rating scale consisting of 15 items wherein they
would rate each item on scale from 1 to 5. A rating of 1 means “not influencing” and 5
as “very much influencing”

VALIDATION OF RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

To assets the validity and reliability of the research instrument, the researchers

presented the instrument to the member of the panel to ensure that the instrument
used by the researchers was reliable and valid. The instrument presented was revised
and incorporated with some suggestions and recommendations. The researchers again
presented the revised instrument to the panel to finalize the instrument.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

First and foremost, the researchers will wrote an approval letter to the principal
for conducting a survey. Second the researchers sent a letter to all grade 10 advisers to
inform that the researchers will conduct a survey. Third, the researchers then distributed
the survey forms and wait until all the respondents finished answering the
questionnaire. After this, the researchers had analyzed the gathered data to come up
with a factual information need in this study.
 Not INPUT PROCESS
OUTPUT
Socio-demographic profile of Gathering of data
respondents Basic for
Tallying of data improvement of K-
Track preferences
Analyzing of data 12 program in SHS
Motivating factors that influence their
Interpretation of data Insight for design
preferences
and
implementation of
SHS program

Suggestion or
recommendation

FEEDBACK