Course. – Bachelor of construction technology and resource management.

University of vocational technology.

Subject. – Construction technology- 2.

Assignment -4

Question o1.

Prime homes and investment Company, is a large scale investment company, as their new investment,
proposed to construct luxury housing project, the housing project consists of three number of 20 storied
blocks, each block having 4m depth basement including all services, as well the proposed site layout
indicated in annexure 01 and sample bore hole log of proposed site is indicated in annexure 2, water
table is identified at 1.5m depth.

The project is identified as fast track project and proposed project duration is two years period, the
proposed housing project located at urban area close to main city. Each block consists of 150 houses and
total proposed are 450 houses.

1.1 using the site layout of annexure one , indicate all necessary site arrangement to construct and
complete proposed high rise building project as fast track project.

Site Preparation:
1. Clearing and Grading: The initial step involves clearing the site of any existing structures and debris,
ensuring a clean slate for construction.
2. Site Layout Planning: Based on the provided site layout in Annexure 01, allocate designated areas for
each of the three high-rise blocks, taking into account accessibility and utilities.
3. Foundation Work: Given the 4-meter deep basements for each block, the foundation design needs to
accommodate this depth. Ensure water table considerations are incorporated into the foundation
design.

Infrastructure Development:
4. Utilities Connection: Arrange for the connection of utilities, including water supply, sewage, electricity,
and gas, to the site. This is essential to support both construction and the future occupants.
5. Access Roads: Establish access roads for construction vehicles and workers. Adequate roadways are
crucial for efficient construction logistics.

Construction Phases:
6. 6. Phase Segmentation: Divide the project into distinct phases for each of the three blocks. Overlapping
construction phases is crucial to save time.
7. Fast-Track Approach: Implement modern construction techniques and materials to expedite the building
process. Utilize methods like pre-fabrication and modular construction to save time.

Quality Control and Safety:

8. 8. Quality Control: Implement a stringent quality control process at each construction phase to ensure
that the work meets the highest standards.
 9. Safety Measures: Prioritize worker safety by implementing safety protocols and providing proper
training.

Logistics and Materials Management:

10. 10. Materials Procurement: Set up a reliable logistics system for the timely delivery of construction
materials, ensuring that materials are on-site when needed.
11. Storage Facilities: Establish on-site storage facilities for construction materials and equipment to
minimize delays.

Labor Management:
12. 12. Skilled Workforce: Recruit a skilled and experienced construction workforce. The availability of skilled
labor is crucial to meeting the project's timeline.

Design and Architectural Considerations:

13. 13. Architectural Collaboration: Collaborate with architects and interior designers to create luxury
housing designs that meet market demands while adhering to local building codes and regulations.

Environmental Considerations:
14. 14. Eco-Friendly Practices: Implement environmentally friendly practices such as waste recycling and
sustainable construction materials to reduce the project's environmental footprint.

Community Relations:
15. 15. Community Engagement: Maintain open and transparent communication with the local community
to address concerns and ensure a positive relationship with neighbors.

Project Monitoring and Reporting:

16. 16. Project Management Software: Use project management software to monitor the project's progress
and report to stakeholders regularly. Adjust the project plan as necessary.

Completion and Handover:

17. 17. Project Completion: Ensure the construction of all three 20-story blocks within the proposed two-year
timeline. Conduct thorough inspections to ensure quality and functionality.
 1.2 According to the structural design proposal, proposed foundations for these particular buildings are
identified as deep foundation, briefly propose a suitable method statement for foundation
construction including basement.

Introduction: The Prime Homes Luxury Housing Project involves the construction of three 20-story high-rise
blocks with a 4-meter deep basement for each block. Given the fast-track nature of the project, it is imperative to
plan and execute the foundation construction efficiently and safely. This method statement outlines the steps for
constructing deep foundations, including basements, while adhering to the two-year project timeline.

Scope of Work: This method statement covers the construction of deep foundations for the high-rise buildings,
including excavation for the 4-meter deep basements.

Methodology:

1. Site Preparation:

 Clear the site of any existing structures, debris, and vegetation.

 Ensure the site layout, as indicated in Annexure 01, is accurately marked for each block's
foundation.

2. Excavation for Basements:

 Excavate the basement area for each of the three blocks, following the site layout.

 Use the sample borehole log from Annexure 2 to assess the soil conditions, taking into account
the water table at 1.5 meters.

 Properly shore and brace the excavation to prevent cave-ins, ensuring worker safety.

3. Foundation Design:

 Based on the soil conditions, design the deep foundations to support the 20-story buildings.
These may include:

 Pile Foundations: Install reinforced concrete piles in a grid pattern.

 Raft Foundations: Construct a reinforced concrete raft foundation.

 Ensure that foundation design complies with local building codes and regulations.

4. Pile Foundation Construction:

 If pile foundations are chosen, begin with pile installation:

 Drive piles to the required depth as per design, ensuring they penetrate stable soil or
bedrock.

 Install reinforcement cages into the piles.

 Pour concrete into the piles, ensuring proper consolidation.

5. Raft Foundation Construction:

 For raft foundations, proceed as follows:

 Excavate the area for the raft foundation, maintaining the desired level.

 Install a layer of compacted granular fill for even load distribution.

  Place a layer of polyethylene sheeting to prevent soil contamination.

 Pour and reinforce the concrete raft foundation according to the design specifications.

6. Waterproofing and Drainage:

 Apply a waterproofing membrane to the basement walls to prevent water ingress.

 Install a perimeter drainage system to manage groundwater around the basements.

7. Backfilling and Compaction:

 Gradually backfill the excavated areas with suitable soil material.

 Compact the backfilled soil to the desired density to ensure long-term stability.

8. Quality Control and Inspections:

 Conduct regular inspections to verify that foundation construction aligns with the approved
design.

 Ensure that the foundation work meets quality and safety standards.

Safety Considerations:

 Prioritize safety measures to protect construction workers and prevent accidents during excavation and
foundation construction.

 Provide proper training, safety equipment, and maintain a safe working environment.

1.3 According to bore hole log, identified soil profile up to 4m depth is clayey sandy soil profile with N
value 29, briefly explain suitable excavation method for basement construction.

Excavation Method: In this type of soil, the suitable excavation method would involve a combination of
mechanical excavation and shoring systems

a. Mechanical Excavation: Use heavy machinery such as excavators, backhoes, or trenching machines to remove
the soil efficiently. These machines can handle clayey sandy soil well, provided they are operated with proper
care and consideration for safety.

b. Shoring Systems: Given the depth 4m and the cohesive nature of clayey soils, it's crucial to implement shoring
systems to prevent the sides of the excavation from collapsing. Common shoring methods include soldier piles
and lagging, sheet piling, or even a diaphragm wall, depending on the site's specific conditions and project
requirements.

c. Safety Measures: Safety measures are paramount when dealing with excavation in clayey soil. Workers should
be properly trained, and the site should have safety procedures in place, including slope stability monitoring and
ensuring that shoring systems are correctly installed and maintained.

d. Dewatering: Depending on the water table level, you may also need to implement a dewatering system to
manage groundwater within the excavation. Since you've mentioned a high water table, a wellpoint dewatering
or deep well system may be required to lower the water level in the excavation area.
1.4 As per the bore hole report, water table is encountered at 1.5m depth, proposed a suitable
dewatering method for continuing the excavation.

Dewatering Method: Wellpoint Dewatering System

A wellpoint dewatering system is a commonly used method for managing groundwater in
construction projects, especially in high water table areas. Here's how it works:
1. Wellpoint Installation: Wellpoints, which are small-diameter pipes with screened
openings, are installed around the perimeter of the excavation. The number and spacing
of wellpoints depend on the specific site conditions and the required dewatering
capacity.
2. Pump System: A pump, often a vacuum pump, is connected to the wellpoints to create a
vacuum. This vacuum draws water from the surrounding soil into the wellpoints.
3. Water Extraction: As the vacuum is applied, groundwater is drawn into the wellpoints
and then pumped away from the site. It's important to ensure that the water is
discharged safely in accordance with local regulations.
4. Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of the water level within the wellpoints is crucial to
maintain the desired drawdown level. Adjustments to the vacuum level and pump
operation may be needed based on changing groundwater conditions.
Advantages of a WellPoint dewatering system:
 Effectively lowers the groundwater level to allow for excavation and construction.
 Relatively quick to install and can adapt to various site conditions.
 Suitable for fine-grained soils like clayey sand, where water may not naturally drain quickly.
 Minimizes the risk of soil instability and water ingress into the excavation.

1.5 As per the project proposal, project is identified as fast track project, briefly explain a suitable
construction method for archiving the project target.

Fast-Track Construction Method and Strategies:

1. Design-Build Approach: A design-build construction method can streamline the process by
having the design and construction phases overlap. This can save considerable time as the project
progresses.

2. Modular and Prefabricated Construction: Utilize modular construction for components like
bathrooms, kitchens, and façade elements. Prefabrication off-site can ensure high-quality, rapid
assembly on-site.

3. Parallel Workstreams: Implement concurrent activities to maximize efficiency. For example,

while foundation work is underway for one block, another block's superstructure construction can
begin.

4. 24/7 Work Schedule: Depending on local regulations and site constraints, consider round-the-
clock construction to make the most of every available hour.

5. Advanced Project Management: Use sophisticated project management software and

techniques, such as Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Critical Path Method (CPM), to
optimize schedules, resources, and communication.
6. Lean Construction: Adopt lean construction principles to minimize waste, improve workflow,
and reduce downtime. Lean practices can help eliminate bottlenecks and delays.

7. Efficient Materials Management: Implement just-in-time inventory and materials

management to reduce on-site storage and improve efficiency. This helps in preventing
congestion and clutter at the construction site.

8. Skilled Workforce: Employ highly skilled and experienced workers who are well-versed in their
respective tasks. Training and cross-functional teams can enhance productivity.

9. Quality Control: Maintain a rigorous quality control program. Rapid construction should not
compromise quality. Regular inspections and quality assurance checks are essential.

10. Safety Measures: Safety should always be a top priority. Ensure a robust safety plan is in
place to protect workers and maintain a secure working environment.

11. Fast-Tracking Permits and Approvals: Work closely with local authorities to expedite permits
and approvals, which can often be a bottleneck in fast-track projects.

12. Risk Management: Identify and assess potential risks and develop strategies to mitigate
them. Rapid construction can increase the likelihood of certain risks, so proactive risk
management is essential.

13. Communication and Collaboration: Foster open communication and collaboration between
all project stakeholders. Clear lines of communication can help resolve issues quickly and keep
everyone aligned with project goals.

14. Progressive Payment Plans: Consider a progressive payment plan that incentivizes
contractors and subcontractors to meet aggressive milestones on schedule.

1.6 Quality is very important aspect in the construction stage, briefly explain a suitable quality plan for
the proposed this high rise building project.

Quality Plan for High-Rise Building Project:

1. Quality Objectives:
 Clearly define quality objectives and performance standards for the project. These
objectives should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound
(SMART).
2. Quality Control Measures:
 Establish quality control measures for each phase of the project, from design and
procurement to construction and handover.
 Specify who is responsible for quality control and their roles and responsibilities.
3. Quality Standards and Codes:
 Identify and reference relevant industry standards, building codes, and local regulations
that must be followed. Ensure compliance with these standards throughout the project.
4. Design Review:
 Conduct design reviews to ensure that the architectural, structural, mechanical, and
electrical plans align with the project requirements and quality standards.
5. Material Selection:
  Specify the quality and source of construction materials. Ensure that all materials meet
or exceed specified standards.
6. Quality Inspections:
 Outline a schedule for regular quality inspections during construction. These inspections
should cover every aspect of the project, from foundations to finishes.
7. Testing and Certification:
 Detail the testing and certification requirements for materials, systems, and
components. This should include concrete strength tests, soil compaction tests, and
various structural and safety tests.
8. Document Control:
 Implement a system for document control to ensure that project drawings,
specifications, and other documents are accurate, up-to-date, and accessible to
relevant parties.
9. Non-Conformance Reporting:
 Develop a system for reporting and addressing non-conformances and defects. This
includes procedures for identifying, documenting, and rectifying any issues.
10. Corrective Action:
 Specify how corrective actions are taken in response to non-conformances. This may involve
rework, replacement of materials, or adjustments in the construction process.
11. Quality Audits:
 Schedule regular quality audits to assess the overall quality of the project. Independent third-party
audits can provide an objective evaluation of quality.
12. Safety and Environmental Considerations:
 Ensure that safety and environmental standards are integrated into the quality plan, as these are
critical aspects of overall quality.
13. Quality Training:
 Provide training to the workforce on quality standards and best practices to maintain a culture of
quality awareness and compliance.
14. Quality Reporting and Documentation:
 Maintain thorough records of all quality-related activities, inspections, audits, and corrective
actions. Reports should be regularly reviewed and shared with relevant stakeholders.
15. Client and Stakeholder Communication:
 Establish a process for regular communication with clients and stakeholders regarding quality
progress and concerns.
A well-structured quality plan will help maintain the highest construction standards, ensure
safety, and ultimately lead to the successful completion of the high-rise building project with the
desired level of quality.

1.7 Water proofing is another major aspect in deep basement construction under water table, briefly
explain more appropriate water proofing method for this basement construction.
External Waterproofing:
1. Membrane Systems: Utilize waterproof membrane systems on the exterior of the basement
walls and the foundation. These membranes, often made of materials like bitumen or PVC,
create a barrier against water penetration. They are applied directly to the outer surface of the
basement walls.
2. Drainage Systems: Install an effective exterior drainage system such as a French drain or a
perimeter drain that channels groundwater away from the foundation walls. Proper slope and
drainage materials, like gravel and geotextiles, are used to facilitate water diversion.
 3. Protection Board: Place a protection board over the waterproof membrane to shield it from
potential damage during backfilling and to enhance its durability.
4. Curing and Sealing: After applying the membrane, ensure that it is cured and sealed correctly
to maintain its effectiveness over time.
Internal Waterproofing:
1. Interior Drainage Systems: Implement interior drainage systems, such as a sump pump and
interior drainage channels, to collect any water that might penetrate the basement walls. The
collected water is then pumped out of the basement.
2. Waterproof Coatings: Apply waterproof coatings or sealants to the interior surface of the
basement walls. These coatings create a secondary barrier to prevent moisture from entering
the basement space.
3. Cove Joint Sealing: Seal the cove joint (the joint between the floor and wall) with a flexible
sealant to prevent water seepage at this vulnerable point.
4. Moisture Barriers: Use moisture-resistant materials for interior finishes, such as mold-resistant
drywall, to prevent moisture-related issues inside the basement.

1.8 As built drawing are important requirement with construction project, briefly explain about as built
drawing about this proposed project.

Making As-Built Drawings is a really important thing in building stuff. It's like a record that tells how
everything was put together, where it's put, and what it's like. It can see, it's about taking notes of
all the bits and pieces just as they were made or fixed up. These papers are super useful because
they help with fixing stuff later on and checking that everything is done the right way.

The importance of as builtdrawings:

1. A record of the actual construction.
2. Mention for maintaining and fixing problems.
3. Documentation of any changes.
4. Confirmation that everything is following the rules.
The parts of as builtdrawings:
1. Drawings related to architecture.
2. Drawings about construction and structure.
3. Mechanical drawings.
4. Electrical drawings.
5. Drawings for plumbing.
6. Plans for the construction site.
7. Drawings about utilities.
8. Manuals for equipment and systems.
1.9 Coordination drawings are needed during tail end of the project, briefly explain the necessity of
coordination drawing about proposed this building project.
In a high-rise building project, coordination drawings are crucial as the project nears
completion. These drawings serve as a detailed guide, showing how various complex systems such
as HVAC, electrical, plumbing, and structural elements fit together. The necessity for coordination
drawings is especially evident in high-rise buildings because of their intricate nature.

The importance lies in preventing conflicts and clashes among these systems. Without
coordination drawings, there might be situations where, for instance, an electrical conduit
interferes with a plumbing line or a structural element. Such conflicts can lead to costly rework,
delays, and impact the overall functionality of the building.

By having coordination drawings in place, project stakeholders can identify and address
potential issues in advance, ensuring that everything aligns correctly. This not only saves time and
resources but also enhances the safety and efficiency of the building once it's in use. In high-rise
projects, where the scale and complexity are magnified, the necessity for coordination drawings
becomes even more evident to achieve a successful and functional final product.

1.10 Site safety is very important aspect to be considered during construction stage of the project,
briefly explain about proposed safety plan of this proposed high rise building project.

Site Safety Plan:

1. Safety Policies and Procedures: Establish and communicate clear safety policies and
procedures that all workers and contractors must follow. These policies should cover
everything from personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements to emergency response
protocols.
2. Safety Training: Ensure that all personnel on the construction site, including workers and
subcontractors, receive comprehensive safety training. This includes hazard awareness, safe
work practices, and how to operate machinery safely.
3. Site Access Control: Implement strict access control measures to prevent unauthorized entry.
Only individuals with proper authorization and training should be allowed on-site.
4. Fall Protection: High-rise construction involves working at height. Provide fall protection
systems, such as guardrails, safety nets, and personal fall arrest systems, to safeguard workers
against falls.
5. Scaffold Safety: Ensure that all scaffolding is erected, inspected, and used in accordance with
safety standards. Regular inspections and maintenance are essential.
6. Fire Safety: Develop a fire safety plan, including fire prevention measures, fire extinguisher
placement, and evacuation procedures. Conduct fire drills and have appropriate firefighting
equipment on-site.
7. Equipment Safety: Regularly inspect and maintain all construction equipment and machinery
to ensure they are in good working condition. Operators should be trained and certified.
8. Material Handling: Implement proper procedures for the storage, handling, and disposal of
construction materials to prevent accidents and injuries.
9. Emergency Response: Develop a comprehensive emergency response plan, including
procedures for medical emergencies, fire, hazardous material spills, and evacuation routes.
Ensure that all workers are familiar with these plans.
10. Safety Inspections: Conduct regular safety inspections to identify potential hazards and take
corrective actions promptly.
 11. Safety Meetings: Hold regular safety meetings to keep all workers informed about potential
risks, recent incidents, and any changes to safety protocols.
12. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Mandate the use of appropriate PPE, such as hard hats,
safety glasses, gloves, and high-visibility clothing.
13. Site Security: Implement security measures to protect the construction site from theft and
vandalism.
14. Safety Reporting: Establish a system for reporting safety incidents, near misses, and hazards.
Encourage workers to report any safety concerns promptly.
15. Regulatory Compliance: Ensure that the project complies with all local and national safety
regulations and standards.
16.
1.11 Site handing over after completing a project is very important area, briefly explain how you
organize handing over process of this proposed project.

Handover Process:
1. Documentation Review: The first step is to review and compile all project documentation, including
as-built drawings, permits, manuals, and warranties. This ensures that all project information is up
to date and ready for transfer.
2. Quality Assurance: Conduct a thorough quality assessment to confirm that all construction work
meets the required standards and specifications. Any outstanding issues or defects must be resolved
before handover.
3. Punch List: Create a punch list of any remaining tasks or items that require attention. This may
include minor touch-ups, final inspections, or any outstanding installations.
4. Final Inspections: Perform a final inspection to confirm that the entire project is ready for
occupancy. This includes checks for structural integrity, safety, and compliance with local
regulations.
5. Testing and Commissioning: Ensure that all building systems, such as HVAC, electrical, plumbing,
and fire safety, are tested and commissioned. Any issues are addressed promptly.
6. Health and Safety Compliance: Confirm that the building meets all health and safety regulations,
and that safety systems, such as fire alarms and emergency exits, are fully operational.
7. Occupancy Permit: Secure any necessary occupancy permits and approvals from local authorities to
legally allow residents to move in.
8. Utilities and Services: Ensure that all utility connections (water, electricity, gas, etc.) are active and
ready for use.
9. Cleaning and Final Touches: The project site, common areas, and individual units should be cleaned
thoroughly before occupants move in. Any final aesthetic touches, like landscaping or paint touch-
ups, are completed.
10. Handover Ceremony: Organize a formal handover ceremony where the project's ownership is
officially transferred to the client or homeowners' association. This event can also serve as an
opportunity to discuss the building's features and amenities.
11. Documentation Transfer: Hand over all project documentation and manuals to the client. This
includes warranties for materials and systems, maintenance manuals, and as-built drawings.
12. Orientation and Training: Conduct orientation sessions and training for the client, building
management, and homeowners on the operation and maintenance of the building and its systems.
13. Warranty Period: Initiate the warranty period, during which the contractor addresses any defects or
issues that may arise post-handover.

Total 25 marks
Annexure 01.
Site layout of proposed high rise building project.
Annexture 2
Bore hole report of proposed project.
Water table at 1.5 depth.