Formulario de la unidad 3

Estufa solar

(𝑇𝑊 − 𝑇𝑎 )
(𝛼𝜏) − 𝑈𝐿
𝐻𝑇
𝑡 = −𝑡𝑜 ln( )
(𝑇𝑊0 − 𝑇𝑎 )
(𝛼𝜏) − 𝑈𝐿
𝐻𝑇

𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝐶𝑝
𝑡0 =
𝑈𝐿 𝜂𝐴𝑃
Ap=𝜋𝑟 2 + 2𝜋𝑟ℎ
𝑡
−
−𝑈𝐿 (𝑇𝑊0 − 𝑇𝑎 )𝑒 𝑡0 + 𝑈𝐿 (𝑇𝑊 − 𝑇𝑎 )
𝐻𝑇 = 𝑡
−
(𝛼𝜏)(1 − 𝑡
𝑒 0)
𝑡
−𝑡
𝑈𝐿 (𝑇𝑊 − 𝑇0 ) + 𝑒 𝑜 (𝛼𝜏) − (𝐻𝑇 (𝛼𝜏))
𝑇𝑤𝑜 = 𝑡 + 𝑇𝑜
−𝑡
𝑒 𝑜 𝑈𝐿
 Destilador Solar
temperaura en °c

𝟓𝟏𝟒𝟒
𝑷𝒂 = 𝒆𝒙𝒑 (𝟐𝟓. 𝟑𝟏𝟕 − ) pa
𝑻+𝟐𝟕𝟑

𝟓𝟏𝟒𝟒
𝑷𝑽 = 𝒆𝒙𝒑 (𝟐𝟓. 𝟑𝟏𝟕 − ) pa
𝑻+𝟐𝟕𝟑

𝟏
(𝑷𝒂 +𝑷𝑽 )(𝑻𝒂+𝟐𝟕𝟑) 𝟑 𝑾
𝒉𝒄,𝒂−𝒗 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟖𝟒 [𝑻𝒂 − 𝑻𝒗 + ] =𝒎𝟐𝒌
𝟐𝟔𝟖.𝟗𝒙𝟏𝟎𝟑 −𝑷𝒂

𝑷𝒂−𝑷𝒗
𝒉 𝑬,𝒂−𝒗 = 𝟏𝟔. 𝟐𝟕𝟑𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟑 ∗ 𝒉𝒄,𝒂−𝒗 ( )=𝒎𝑾𝟐𝒌
𝑻𝒂−𝑻𝒗

𝒉 𝑬,𝒂−𝒗 𝑨𝒂 (𝑻𝒂 − 𝑻𝒗)

𝜼=
𝑯𝑻 𝑨𝒑

𝟏 𝟏 −𝟏
𝜺𝒇𝒇 =( + )
𝜺𝒂 𝜺𝒗
𝑾
𝒉𝑹 ,𝒂−𝒗 = 𝜺𝒇𝒇 𝝈[(𝑻𝒂 + 𝟐𝟕𝟑)𝟐 + (𝑻𝑽 + 𝟐𝟕𝟑)𝟐 ](𝑻𝒂 + 𝑻𝑽 + 𝟓𝟒𝟔) =
𝒎𝟐 𝒌

𝑸̇𝑹 ,𝒂−𝒗 = 𝒉𝑹𝒂−𝒗 𝑨𝒂 (𝑻𝒂 − 𝑻𝒗) = 𝒘

𝑸̇𝑪 ,𝒂𝒗 = 𝒉𝒄 ,𝒂−𝒗 𝑨𝒂 (𝑻𝒂 − 𝑻𝒗) = 𝒘
̇ = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟑 𝒉𝒄 ,𝒂−𝒗 𝑨𝒂(𝑷𝒂 − 𝑷𝒗 ) = 𝒘
𝑸𝑬 .𝑨−𝑽
 Colector solar
𝑈𝐿 = 𝑈𝑆𝑈𝑃𝐸𝑅𝐼𝑂𝑅 + 𝑈𝐿𝐴𝐷𝑂𝑆 + 𝑈𝐹𝑂𝑁𝐷𝑂𝑆
1
𝑈𝑆𝑈𝑃𝐸𝑅𝑂𝑅 =
ℎ𝑝− + ℎ𝑟1 + ℎ𝑣 + ℎ𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑟

Determiner las temperaturas a K proponer valor de tc entre Tp a Ta

𝑇𝑃 + 𝑇𝐶
𝑇𝑃𝑅𝑂𝑀 =
2

∆𝑇 = 𝑇𝑃 − 𝑇𝐶
1.14(∆𝑇)0.310
ℎ𝑝− = [1 − 0.018(𝑇𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 − 10)] ( )
𝑙𝑙´0.070

𝜎(𝑇𝑃 + 𝑇𝐶 )(𝑇𝑃2 + 𝑇𝐶2 )

ℎ𝑟1 =
1 1
𝜀𝑝 + 𝜀𝑐 − 1
ℎ𝑣 = 5.7 + 3.8 𝑉

2
𝑇𝐶 − 𝑇𝑓𝑖𝑟
ℎ𝑟, 𝑓𝑖𝑟 = 𝜎𝜀𝐶 (𝑇𝑐 + 𝑇𝑓𝑖𝑟 )(𝑇𝑐2 + 𝑇𝑓𝑖𝑟 )( )
𝑇𝐶 − 𝑇𝑎
𝑊
𝜎 = (5.67𝑥10−8 )
𝑚2
−1
1 1
𝑈𝑆𝑈𝑃 = [ − + ]
ℎ𝑝 + ℎ𝑟1 ℎ𝑣 + ℎ𝑓𝑖𝑟
𝑊
𝑚2 °𝐶
𝑈𝑆𝑈𝑃 (𝑇𝑃 − 𝑇𝑎 )
largo 𝑇𝐶 1 = 𝑇𝑃 −
ℎ𝑝− + ℎ𝑟1

𝑇𝐶 = 𝑇𝑐𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 − 𝑇𝑐 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑎

Después de iterar continuamos y calculamos:

𝑘𝑎 𝑀𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑃
𝑈𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠 =
𝑙𝑙´𝐴𝐶𝑂𝐿𝐸𝐶𝑇𝑂𝑅

𝑃 = 2𝐿 ∗ 2ℎ colector igual

𝐴𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑜 ∗ 𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎

 𝑘𝑎 𝑊
𝑈𝑓𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑠 = = 2
𝑙 𝑚 𝑘
𝑈𝐿 = 𝑈𝑆𝑈𝑃𝐸𝑅𝐼𝑂𝑅 + 𝑈𝐿𝐴𝐷𝑂𝑆 + 𝑈𝐹𝑂𝑁𝐷𝑂𝑆
Eficiencia:
𝑞ú𝑡𝑖𝑙
𝑛=
𝐻𝑇 𝐴𝐶
𝑄𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙 = 𝑚 𝐶𝑝(𝑇𝑆 − 𝑇𝐸 )
𝑀𝑆𝑂𝐿
𝜌𝐻2 𝑂 =
𝑉𝑆𝑂𝐿
𝜌𝐻2𝑂 ∗ 𝑉𝑆𝑂𝐿 = 𝑀𝑆𝑂𝐿
𝐾𝑔 1𝑚3 𝑘𝑔
Donde 𝜌𝐻2 𝑂 = ( ) =
𝑚3 1000𝐿 𝐿

Calculamos la pared lateral

1
𝑈1 =
1 𝑒𝑝 1
+ +
ℎ𝑐, 𝑝 𝑘𝑝 ℎ𝑝, 𝑎 + ℎ𝑟𝑝, 𝑎
ℎ𝑝. 𝑎 = 5.7 + 3.8 𝑉
𝑊
ℎ𝑟𝑝, 𝑎 = 𝜀𝜎(𝑇𝑆 + 𝑇𝑎)(𝑇𝑆2 + 𝑇𝑎2 )=
𝑚2 °𝐶

𝑊
𝜎 = (5.67𝑥10−8 )
𝑚2
Por el fondo:
1
𝑈2 =
1 𝑒𝑝 1
+ +
ℎ𝑐, 𝑓 𝑘𝑝 ℎ𝑓, 𝑎 + ℎ𝑟𝑓, 𝑎
ℎ𝑓. 𝑎 = 5.7 + 3.8 𝑉 = ℎ𝑟𝑝. 𝑎

ℎ𝑟𝑓, 𝑎 = 𝜀𝜎(𝑇𝑆 + 𝑇𝑎)(𝑇𝑆2 + 𝑇𝑎2 )

𝑊
ℎ𝑟𝑓, 𝑎 =
𝑚2 °𝐶
Parte de la pared trasera
1
𝑈3 =
1 𝑒𝑝 1
+ +
ℎ𝑐, 𝑝𝑡 𝑘𝑝 ℎ𝑝𝑡, 𝑎 + ℎ𝑟𝑝𝑡, 𝑎
 ℎ𝑝𝑡. 𝑎 = 5.7 + 3.8 𝑉
ℎ𝑝𝑡. 𝑎 = ℎ𝑝. 𝑎 = ℎ𝑓. 𝑎

ℎ𝑟𝑝𝑡, 𝑎 = 𝜀𝜎(𝑇𝑆 + 𝑇𝑎)(𝑇𝑆2 + 𝑇𝑎2 )

Calculo de la cubierta
1
𝑈4 =
1 𝑒𝑣 1
+ +
ℎ𝑐, 𝑣 𝑘𝑣 ℎ𝑣, 𝑎 + ℎ𝑟𝑣, 𝑎
𝑊
ℎ𝑣. 𝑎 = 5.7 + 3.8 𝑉 =
𝑚2 °𝐶
𝑊
ℎ𝑟𝑣, 𝑎 = 𝜀𝜎(𝑇𝑆 + 𝑇𝑎)(𝑇𝑆2 + 𝑇𝑎2 ) =
𝑚2 °𝐶
Parte frontal de madera

1
𝑈5 =
1 𝑒𝑝 1
+ +
ℎ𝑐, 𝑝𝑓 𝑘𝑝 ℎ𝑓, 𝑎 + ℎ𝑟𝑓, 𝑎
ℎ𝑝. 𝑎 = ℎ𝑝𝑡. 𝑎 = ℎ𝑝. 𝑎 = ℎ𝑓. 𝑎

ℎ𝑓. 𝑎

ℎ𝑟𝑓, 𝑎 = 𝜀𝜎(𝑇𝑆 + 𝑇𝑎)(𝑇𝑆2 + 𝑇𝑎2 )

Calculo para perdidas

𝑃1 = 𝑈 ∗ 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 ∗ 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 ∗ 2

𝑝2 = 𝑈 ∗ 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 ∗ 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 => 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑠 𝑛𝑜 𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑛 2

𝑝𝑇 = 𝑝1 + 𝑝2 + 𝑝3 + 𝑝4 + 𝑝5 = 𝑊
𝑄𝑖𝑛 = 𝐻𝑇 𝐴𝑉
U4 𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝐴𝑣 𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑜
𝑄𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎 = 𝜏𝑣 𝑄𝑖𝑛𝑐 = (1 − 𝛼𝑣 − 𝜌𝑣 ) ∗ 𝑄𝑖𝑛𝑐 = 𝑊
𝜖𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙 = 𝑄𝐸𝑁𝑇𝑅𝐴𝐷𝐴 𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 − 𝑝𝑇 𝑝é𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑑𝑎 = 𝑊
𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑖𝑎 ú𝑡𝑖𝑙
𝜂=
𝑄 𝑖𝑛𝑐