BS EN 1559-3:2011

BSI Standards Publication

Founding — Technical
conditions of delivery
Part 3: Additional requirements for iron
castings

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

raising standards worldwide™

BS EN 1559-3:2011 BRITISH STANDARD

National foreword
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1559-3:2011. It
supersedes BS EN 1559-3:1997 which is withdrawn.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
Committee ISE/111, Steel Castings and Forgings.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be
obtained on request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary
provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct
application.
© BSI 2011
ISBN 978 0 580 70174 0
ICS 77.140.80
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of the
Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2011.
Amendments issued since publication
Date Text affected
 BS EN 1559-3:2011

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1559-3

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM October 2011

ICS 77.140.80 Supersedes EN 1559-3:1997

English Version

Founding - Technical conditions of delivery - Part 3: Additional

requirements for iron castings

Fonderie - Conditions techniques de fourniture - Partie 3: Gießereiwesen - Technische Lieferbedingungen - Teil 3:

Spécifications complémentaires pour les pièces moulées Zusätzliche Anforderungen an Eisengussstücke
en fonte

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 September 2011.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1559-3:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
BS EN 1559-3:2011
EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

Contents Page

Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................3
Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................4
1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................5
2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................5
3 ● Terms and definitions ........................................................................................................................5
4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser .....................................................................................6
4.1 ● Mandatory information .......................................................................................................................6
4.2 Optional information..............................................................................................................................6
4.3 ● Drawings, patterns and tools ............................................................................................................6
4.4 ● Information on the mass ....................................................................................................................6
4.5 ● Preliminary sample .............................................................................................................................6
4.6 ● Initial sample .......................................................................................................................................6
5 Designations ..........................................................................................................................................6
6 Manufacture............................................................................................................................................6
6.1 ● Manufacturing process ......................................................................................................................6
6.2 Welding operations................................................................................................................................6
7 Requirements .........................................................................................................................................7
7.1 ● General ................................................................................................................................................7
7.2 Material ...................................................................................................................................................7
7.3 Casting ....................................................................................................................................................7
8 Inspection ...............................................................................................................................................8
8.1 ● General ................................................................................................................................................8
8.2 ● Type of inspection documents and type of inspection ..................................................................8
8.3 Test unit ..................................................................................................................................................8
8.4 ● Samples ...............................................................................................................................................9
8.5 ● Test ......................................................................................................................................................9
8.6 ● Invalidation of tests ............................................................................................................................9
8.7 ● Retests .................................................................................................................................................9
8.8 ● Sorting and reprocessing ..................................................................................................................9
9 ● Marking ................................................................................................................................................9
10 ● Packaging and surface protection ....................................................................................................9
11 ● Complaints ..........................................................................................................................................9
Annex A (informative) Guidelines for the specification of acceptance criteria for the outer and
inner conditions (non-destructive testing) ...................................................................................... 10
Annex B (informative) Guidelines for the specification of acceptance criteria for surface
condition (visual check) ..................................................................................................................... 13
Annex C (informative) Significant technical changes between this European standard and the
previous edition .................................................................................................................................. 15
Bibliography ..................................................................................................................................................... 16

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 BS EN 1559-3:2011
EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

Foreword
This document (EN 1559-3:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry
technology”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by April 2012.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document supersedes EN 1559-3:1997.

Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 1 "Technical
conditions of delivery and cast iron designation" to revise the following standard:

EN 1559-3, Founding — Technical conditions of delivery — Part 3: Additional requirements for iron castings

Annex C provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous
edition.

This standard is one of a series of European Standards for technical delivery conditions for castings. The
other standards in this series are:

EN 1559-1, Founding — Technical conditions of delivery — Part 1: General

EN 1559-2, Founding — Technical conditions of delivery — Part 2: Additional requirements for steel castings

EN 1559-4, Founding — Technical conditions of delivery — Part 4: Additional requirements for aluminium
alloy castings

EN 1559-5, Founding — Technical conditions of delivery — Part 5: Additional requirements for magnesium
alloy castings

EN 1559-6, Founding — Technical conditions of delivery — Part 6: Additional requirements for zinc alloy
castings

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

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EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

Introduction
CEN/TC 190 "Foundry Technology" has prepared a series of material standards covering the following cast
irons:

 grey cast irons [1];

 malleable cast irons [2];

 spheroidal graphite cast irons [3];

 ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons [4];

 abrasion resistant cast irons [5];

 austenitic cast irons [7];

 compacted (vermicular) graphite cast irons [8];

 low alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons for elevated temperature applications [9].

In order to assist manufacturers and purchasers to prepare proper contractual arrangements and prevent
misunderstanding, CEN/TC 190 approved the preparation of a series of standards covering technical delivery
conditions. These have been prepared as separate parts.

This European Standard covers the additional technical delivery conditions for all the cast iron materials, e.g.
optional information, manufacturing process, welding operation, additional requirements regarding the
condition of the casting, test methods.

This European Standard cannot be used alone for compiling a specification for ordering and supplying iron
castings, but as a complement to EN 1559-1.

The symbol ● against the clause reference indicates that the requirements of that clause of EN 1559-1 have
to be met.

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EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the additional technical delivery conditions for castings made from all cast
iron materials.

This European Standard applies to iron castings produced in sand or permanent moulds or by centrifugal
casting, continuous casting or investment casting.

2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

EN 287-6, Qualification test of welders — Fusion Welding — Part 6: Cast iron

EN 444, Non-destructive testing — General principles for radiographic examination of metallic materials by X-
and gamma-rays

EN 571-1, Non destructive testing — Penetrant testing — Part 1: General principles

EN 583-1, Non-destructive testing — Ultrasonic examination — Part 1: General principles

EN 1011-8, Welding — Recommendations for welding of metallic materials — Part 8: Welding of cast irons

prEN 1369, Founding — Magnetic particle testing

EN 1370, Founding — Examination of surface condition

EN 1371-1, Founding — Liquid penetrant testing — Part 1: Sand, gravity die and low pressure die castings

EN 1559-1, Founding — Technical conditions of delivery — Part 1: General

EN 1560, Founding — Designation system for cast iron — Material symbols and material numbers

EN 12680-3, Founding — Ultrasonic testing — Part 3: Spheroidal graphite cast iron castings

EN 12681, Founding — Radiographic examination

EN 14784-1, Non-destructive testing — Industrial computed radiography with storage phosphor imaging
plates — Part 1: Classification of systems

EN 14784-2, Non-destructive testing — Industrial computed radiography with storage phosphor imaging
plates — Part 2: General principles for testing of metallic materials using X-rays and gamma rays

EN ISO 9934-1, Non-destructive testing — Magnetic particle testing — Part 1: General principles
(ISO 9934-1:2001)

EN ISO 15614-3, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding
procedure test — Part 3: Fusion welding of non-alloyed and low-alloyed cast irons (ISO 15614-3:2008)

3 ● Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1559-1 and of the applicable material
standard apply.

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EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser

4.1 ● Mandatory information

The relevant wall thickness shall be given in the order.

4.2 Optional information

Where applicable, the enquiry and order shall include other details, such as requirements for

a) an as-cast condition;

NOTE Heat treatment of malleable cast irons or ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons is a function of the material
and is at the discretion of the manufacturer to achieve the desired mechanical properties.

b) special or subsequent heat treatment if required (together with the heat-treatment conditions);

c) heat treatment for stress relieving; it shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser;

d) intentions to enamel, galvanize, plate, etc. the castings;

e) sequence of machining and final heat treatment in the fabrication process (for ausferritic spheroidal
graphite iron castings);

f) formation of test units (unless already defined by material specifications it shall be in accordance with
8.3.1).

4.3 ● Drawings, patterns and tools

4.4 ● Information on the mass

4.5 ● Preliminary sample

4.6 ● Initial sample

5 Designations
The designation(s) of cast iron material(s) shall be in accordance with EN 1560.

NOTE Designations of cast iron materials are given in the applicable material standards.

6 Manufacture

6.1 ● Manufacturing process

6.2 Welding operations

6.2.1 ● General

Welding shall be performed by a qualified welder, in accordance with EN 287-6. Welding procedures shall be
in accordance with EN ISO 15614-3 and based on the recommendations given in EN 1011-8.

6.2.2 ● Production welding

Production welding shall only be permitted according to a written agreement between the manufacturer and
the purchaser.

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 BS EN 1559-3:2011
EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

Subject to an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, the manufacturer may either
undertake finishing welding generally and/or up to a certain limit without reference back to the purchaser or
may be required to seek the purchaser's permission in specific cases.

NOTE EN 1562 includes a weldable grade: EN-GJMW-360-12 (5.4201).

7 Requirements

7.1 ● General

7.2 Material

7.2.1 ● Chemical composition

7.2.2 ● Mechanical properties

7.2.3 ● Other properties

7.3 Casting

7.3.1 ● Chemical composition

NOTE If post inoculation in the metal stream or in the moulds is carried out, there might be a slight deviation in
analysis (silicon namely) between the composition of the liquid metal in the pouring device and the composition of the
casting.

7.3.2 ● Mechanical properties

7.3.3 ● Outer and inner conditions (non destructive testing)

7.3.3.1 The testing shall be performed according to the relevant European Standards as listed in
Table 1. Other methods may be agreed between purchaser and manufacturer.

Table 1 — Non Destructive test methods

Test method Symbol General principles, Test conditions,

references references

Liquid penetrant PT EN 571-1 EN 1371-1

Magnetic particle MT EN ISO 9934-1 prEN 1369

Ultrasonic UT EN 583-1 EN 12680-3a

Radiographic RT EN 444 EN 12681

EN 14784-1
EN 14784-2

a applicable to spheroidal graphite cast irons

NOTE Because some non-destructive testing methods are more suitable than others for iron castings, they should be
discussed under the technical and economical aspects before agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

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BS EN 1559-3:2011
EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

7.3.3.2 ●

7.3.3.3 The selection of a non destructive testing method is dependent on the thickness and material of the
casting and the position, orientation and size of possible discontinuities in the relevant section.

Different acceptance criteria can be specified for different areas of the same casting (e.g. marked zone and
unmarked area). Moreover, for the same area of the casting different acceptance criteria can be specified
according to the non destructive methods selected.

For all non destructive testing methods, the acceptance criteria (discontinuity levels) can be graded with
increasing number and/or extent of indications.

Unless specifically agreed, discontinuities revealed on cast surfaces which are to be machined, are not to be
regarded as discontinuities, when these discontinuities are totally removed by machining.

Guidelines for the specification of acceptance criteria for discontinuities are given in the informative Annex A.

7.3.3.4 If applicable, the roughness of the cast or grinded surface shall be specified.

EN 1370 shall be used to specify the acceptance levels and shall be subject of an agreement between the
manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order.

Guidelines for the specification of acceptance criteria for the surface condition are given in the informative
Annex B.

7.3.4 ● Condition of the casting

7.3.5 ● Mass of the casting

The mass can be calculated using the mass density given in the corresponding material standard.

7.3.6 ● Additional requirements regarding the condition of the casting

The microstructures to be examined, the tests to be applied and any other requirement to be determined shall
be subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the
order.

8 Inspection

8.1 ● General

8.2 ● Type of inspection documents and type of inspection

The requirements given in the relevant material standard shall also apply.

8.3 Test unit

8.3.1 ● Formation of test units

8.3.2 ● Size of test units

The requirements given in the relevant material standard shall also apply.

8.3.3 ● Inspection frequency

The requirements given in the relevant material standard shall also apply.

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EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

8.4 ● Samples

The requirements given in the relevant material standard shall also apply.

8.5 ● Test

The requirements given in the relevant material standard shall also apply.

8.6 ● Invalidation of tests

8.7 ● Retests

8.8 ● Sorting and reprocessing

9 ● Marking

10 ● Packaging and surface protection

11 ● Complaints

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BS EN 1559-3:2011
EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

Annex A
(informative)

Guidelines for the specification of acceptance criteria for the outer and
inner conditions (non-destructive testing)

A.1 General

These guidelines for the specification of acceptance criteria for casting discontinuities in iron castings can be
applied to castings made of all types of cast iron in as-cast or machined condition. This Annex does not apply
to the visual check of iron castings. (see Annex B).

A.2 Casting discontinuities

The most common discontinuities are, a. o.:

 sand inclusions;

 slag inclusions;

 dross;

 gas porosities;

 shrinkage porosities.

A.3 General requirements

 Maximum discontinuity indication size should be measured according to the rules given in the appropriate
standard.

 Two or more discontinuities are to be combined according the rules given in the appropriate standard.

 The reference testing area should be 105 mm × 148 mm. If the casting surface or marked zone is smaller
in area than this reference surface area, the number or total area of discontinuities should be
proportionally reduced.

NOTE The area of 105 mm × 148 mm corresponds with the frames used in prEN 1369, EN 1370 and EN 1371-1.

A.4 Discontinuity classes

Casting discontinuities can be classified into three discontinuity classes as shown in Table A.1.

These classes are based on the shape of the discontinuities, linear or non linear (defined in prEN 1369 and
EN 1371-1), and position, surface or internal, of the discontinuities.

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EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

Table A.1 — Discontinuity classes

Discontinuity class 1 Non linear discontinuities in surface See Table A.2

Discontinuity class 2 Linear discontinuities in surface See Table A.2

Discontinuity class 3 Internal discontinuities See Table A.3

A.5 Discontinuity levels

Five discontinuity levels "a" to "e" are specified for discontinuity classes 1, 2 and 3, and the discontinuity levels
for the various discontinuity classes have been selected in such a way, that a certain discontinuity level
corresponds to the same requirement or stress level. This information is based on a comparison of existing
specifications on spheroidal graphite cast iron castings.

Table A.2 — Discontinuities in the surface

Discontinuity Discontinuity class 1 — Non-linear Discontinuity class 2 — Linear

level discontinuities discontinuities

Corresponding Corresponding Corresponding Corresponding

severity level severity level severity level severity level
according to according to according to according to
prEN 1369 EN 1371-1 prEN 1369 EN 1371-1

aa SM001 — LM001 LP001

b SM2 SP1 LM01 LP01

c SM3 SP2 LM1 LP1

d SM4 SP4 LM3 LP3

e SM5 SP5 LM5 LP5

NOTE prEN 1369 and EN 1371-1 characterize the severity level by the number of discontinuities, maximum length
and maximum total area of discontinuities.

a Applicable to spheroidal graphite cast irons

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EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

Table A.3 — Discontinuity class 3 — Internal discontinuities to be detected by ultrasonic testing

according to EN 12680-3 or radiographic testing according to EN 12681

Discontinuity Corresponding Corresponding severity levela for spheroidal graphite cast iron
level severity level castings with thickness ≤ 51 mm according to ASTM E 689 and ASTM
according to E 446
EN 12680-3
A B CA CB CC CD D E F G

Sand and slag

Gas porosity

inclusion

Hot tear

Mottling
Crack

Insert
Shrinkage

a VU1.1 A1 B1 CA1 CB1 CC1 CD1

b VU2.1 A3 B1 CA1 CB1 CC1 CD1

c VU3.1 A4 B3 CA2 CB2 CC2 CD2 Not permitted

d VU4.1 A5 B4 CA3 CB3 CC3 CD2

e VU5.1 A5 B5 CA5 CB4 CC4 CD3

a see EN 12681.

A.6 Machined surfaces and bores

Discontinuity levels on machined surfaces and bores should be specified as discontinuities in the surface.

On some machined surfaces, a higher requirement can be specified for reason of e.g. bearing ratio, leak
tightness, abrasion resistance or sliding properties and not primarily for strength.

To be able to comply with these requirements, it is important that the casting manufacturer should be informed
about the machining process to be performed.

A.7 Marked zones

If specific zones of a part are important in terms of strength or surface condition, these zones should be
marked on the drawing with specified discontinuity class and discontinuity level.

The material may be grinded down to the minimum size indicated in the drawing to eliminate discontinuities,
as long as no notches are formed.

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EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

Annex B
(informative)

Guidelines for the specification of acceptance criteria for surface

condition (visual check)

B.1 General

These guidelines for the specification of acceptance criteria for surface condition of iron castings can be
applied to castings made of all types of cast irons.

All castings should be visually checked.

B.2 Surface roughness

The casting area(s) where roughness is to be controlled should be clearly indicated on the drawing or in the
specification. The category (shot blasted or grinded) and level should be stated. More than one category and
level may be specified for a casting.

Information about the specification of the acceptance level(s) in relation to the requirement(s) and moulding
process is given in Table B.1.

Table B.1 — Acceptance levels for surface roughness

Acceptance levelsa
Process Shell moulding Greensand and cold setting Cold setting sand moulding,
sand moulding, small to large castings
medium sized castings

Category Shot blasted Grinded Shot blasted Grinded Shot blasted Grinded

Exposed
surface,
2/0S1 1/0S2 1S1b or A1c 1S2 2S1 or A2 2S2
highest
requirement

Exposed
1/0S1 1/0S2 2S1 or A2 2S2 3S1or A3 3S2
surface

Normal
1S1 or A1 1S2 3S1 or A3 3S2 6S1d or A4 5S2 or H1
requirement
a Acceptance level designation according EN 1370.
b BNIF comparators.
c SCRATA comparators.
d BNIF 5S1 is not permitted.

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EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

B.3 Visual examination of surface irregularities

Examples for surface irregularities are:

 sand inclusions;

 slag inclusions;

 local excess or lack of material.

Surface irregularities can be facing outwards or inwards.

The casting area(s) where irregularities are to be controlled should be clearly indicated on the drawing or in
the specification. The level, classification by dimension (VD) or comparator (VC) according to EN 1370 should
be stated. More than one level may be specified for a casting.

Information about the specification of the acceptance level(s) in relation to the requirement(s) and moulding
process is given in Table B.2.

Table B.2 — Acceptance levels for surface irregularities

Acceptance levels

Recommended Greensand and cold setting sand Cold setting sand moulding,
Process moulding, small to medium sized castings large castings

Category Classification by

Visual aspects dimension comparator dimension Comparator

Exposed surface,
highest VD1 — VD2 VC1
requirement

Exposed surface VD2 VC1 VD4 VC2

Normal
VD4 VC2 VD6 VC3
requirement

Low requirement,
VD6 VC3 VD8 VC4
hidden surface

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EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

Annex C
(informative)

Significant technical changes between this European standard and the

previous edition

Table C.1 — Significant technical changes between this European standard and the previous edition

Clause/Paragraph/Table/Figure Change
7.3.3 Information regarding the inner and outer condition of the casting and
related non-destructive testing added;
Annex A Informative Annex A with guidelines for the specification of acceptance
criteria for the outer and inner conditions (non-destructive testing) added;
Annex B Informative Annex B with guidelines for the specification of acceptance
criteria for surface condition (visual check) added.
NOTE The technical changes referred include the significant technical changes from the EN revised but is not an
exhaustive list of all modifications from the previous version.

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EN 1559-3:2011 (E)

Bibliography

[1] EN 1561, Founding — Grey cast irons

[2] EN 1562, Founding — Malleable cast irons

[3] EN 1563, Founding — Spheroidal graphite cast irons

[4] EN 1564, Founding — Ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons

[5] EN 12513, Founding — Abrasion resistant cast irons

[6] EN 13018, Non-destructive testing — Visual testing — General principles

[7] EN 13835, Founding — Austenitic cast irons

[8] EN 16079, Founding — Compacted (vermicular) graphite cast irons

[9] EN 16124, Founding — Low alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons for elevated temperature
application

[10] ASTM E 446, Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. [51 mm] in Thickness

[11] ASTM E 689, Standard Reference Radiographs for Ductile Iron Castings

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