SMARTBOX- Systematic, Multi-attribute, Arduino-

based, Rugged Type BOX: RFID and Keypad

Security System

Aldren Luarez Florian Trazo Kenny Gomo

Department of Engineering Education Department of Engineering Education Department of Engineering Education
Electrical Engineering Program Electrical Engineering Program Electrical Engineering Program
Tagum City, Davao Del Norte, Tagum City, Davao Del Norte, Tagum City, Davao Del Norte,
Philippines Philippines Philippines
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Ricmar Leo Salar
Department of Engineering Education
Electrical Engineering Program
Tagum City, Davao Del Norte,
Philippines
[email protected]

Abstract — In the modern era, it must be accessible and Type BOX. The following are the various characteristics of
convenient to use, mostly for our safety and security. Due to the SMARTBOX RFID and Keypad Door Lock System:
demand of a secure system, the conventional ways emerging to
automatic and high level of security. Identification technology SYSTEMATIC –The Smartbox follows a two-step
programs most popular now a days, like Radio Frequency procedure where the user needs to verify first using the
Identification (RFID) and combined with password-based lock RFID card provided, and then, after confirmation, input the
to more secure. Arduino is most common used for DIY projects correct password to open the Smartbox accordingly.
which an open-source electronic prototyping platform that can
create various ways too much easier and accessible projects. MULTI-ATTRIBUTE –The Smartbox features
multiple attributes that improve the overall user experience.
Keywords—RFID, RFID and Keypad, Smart Door Lock, It includes the following: an LED indicator (lock, open,
Arduino Projects, Password-Based. input), a passive buzzer, a magnet lock system and system
ports (Voltage in , Arduino connection).
I. INTRODUCTION
ARDUINO BASED – The Smartbox solely runs using
For every household, security is one of the main the Arduino UNO hardware, which makes this project
concerns. In this age of constantly increasing crime, various possible. This Arduino provides a polished and more secure
attempts have been made to secure the entrance and control door lock system.
the accessibility of the household. Traditional mechanisms
such as lock and key, Deadbolts, Door chain and Mortise RUGGED TYPED - This Smartbox intends to protect
locks all have their limitations. Some of them are heavy but the things being put inside.
fragile. Some others are more of an inconvenience than a
thing of actual benefits [1]. II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
To ensure a safer environment, advanced technologies A. RFID
are now installed in the household’s door lock system. In
this system, the electronic door lock uses RFID and a Radio frequency identification (RFID) is widely used in
password based on Arduino UNO. It uses in doors and several contexts, such as logistics, supply chains, asset
cupboards as electronic lock, and so on. In real life, the tracking, and health, among others, therefore drawing the
attention of many researchers [3].
security system is important at homes, schools, offices, and
industries [2]. More likely, the Radio Frequency ID (RFID) A microcontroller based RFID security locker is a locker
and the Keypad are the tools that aid a more secure and that uses RFID to replace the card or keys that has been used
reliable door locking system in a sophisticated way. in lockers that still manual system [4].
The purpose of this paper is to present a new application
for using the Arduino based RFID and Keypad door lock B. Keypad
system. The researchers are going to implement this in the According to [5], security patterns and access control for
form of a square type box in which it will function as a doors play an essential role. Password-based door lock
safety box where personal and other important things can be systems allow authorized individuals to access restricted
stored. The design of this safety box is SMARTBOX which areas. Conventional Locks are not as secure as they once
means - Systematic, Multi-attribute, Arduino based, Rugged were; anyone can break in if they break them. The password
is entered using a keypad controlled by Arduino. The
entered password is compared with the known password
when setting a combination password and by using 1-6 I2C LCD Much simpler
digits. A correct password opens the door and displays the than connecting
status on the LCD. If the password is wrong, the door a standard LCD.
remains closed and states “WRONG PASSWORD” on the You only need to
LCD. The buzzer will also activate when the password is connect four
entered incorrectly an indefinite number of times. By pins.
replacing mechanical door locks with electronic door locks, MFRC522 Recognizes
the security door locking system promises to take a bold RFID reader locations and
step for the future. identification of
C. Smart Door Lock tagged items.

Various control systems have been designed over the SG90 Micro- It is a small, low-
years. The main objective in designing those systems must servo motor cost servo motor
be includes: that can rotate
180 degrees with
 EASE Of CONTROL – The system should be easy a maximum
to control for household owners. torque of 1.8 kg-
 DURABILITY – The system should be durable cm.
enough. 4X4 keypad Consists of 16
keys, these Keys
 SECURITY – The system itself should be secure to are organized in
provide security. a matrix of rows
and columns
Smart Door lock which is intended to offer high security,
easy access, and control. Using RFID tags and GSM RGB LED Semiconductor
modules to implement a secure but easy-to-use system [1]. device that emits
red, green, and
According to [6], this system is basically a password and blue light, when
an RFID-based access-control system that permits only an current flows
authentic person to unlock it. Then enter the password from a through it.
keypad; if the ID number of the tag and the password are Resistor 220 Regulates the
correct, then the door will unlock. The aim of constructing ohm flow of electrical
this system is to put in place a formidable locker security current in an
system that is low cost and free of errors. electronic circuit.

III. METHODOLODY Buzzer Can be

This section of the study outlines the research (Passive) programmed to
procedures as well as the methodologies selected. This emit a wide
includes the designs, codes, and materials used in this range of
research. The technique covers the process flow, conceptual frequencies or
framework, system block diagram, prototype overview, musical notes.
design constraints, graphical user interface, and appliance 6 to 12V The origin of
recognition. Power source incoming
electricity.
A. Hardware Description
The following is a list of materials used in smart vaults:
Aside from the list of components, it also has an image and Jumper Wires Normally used to
a short description. interconnect the
Components Image Description components
Name without
soldering
Arduino Uno The board is
equipped with
sets of digital 1 x 1 Wood Used for making
and analog a vault box.
input/output pins
that may be
interfaced to
various
expansion boards
and other
circuits.
 Power Switch To controls the C. Theoretical and Conceptual Framework
flow of power to
an electrical
devices

USB Female Used to connect

Port external USB
devices and Figure 2. Theoretical Framework
peripherals to be
As shown in the figure above, RIFD and Password/Pin
plugged in.
are the input variables that serve as access to achieve the
output. Processing, which analyzes those input variables,
DC Female Commonly used either passes or rejects them. Then, the output will be
Power Jack in electronic unlocking the door so it can open be opened.
industry to
connect adapters
to a circuit
board.

Screws Used to hold

objects together
and to position
objects.

Figure 3. Conceptual Framework

As shown in the figure above, the sequence to achieve
Table 1. Hardware Components
the output starts with reading the RFID card or tag and then
B. Software Description comparing the saved data in the program. If accepted, the
In this section, the application that was used in this password or pin is input, analyzing if the saved password or
pin is the same. The door will unlock and can open the door
research is Arduino IDE to upload the code to the Arduino
in which the password or pin is the same. In the processing
Uno R3.
stages, if the RFID card or tag is not registered, it will fall to
error, then back to where it started and the same as inputting
the password or pin. During the time the door is opened, the
analyzing stage is still present until the door closed. Then,
the processing stage complete, and the door locked and back
to where it started.
D. Project/Research Design
To achieve those ideas, researchers are planning carefully
to implement those steps and create a reasonable outcome.
They conduct various experiments and designs required for
systematic processes. Experiment Design is a methodology
that explores the different ways to optimize or create a new
design.
Figure 1. Arduino IDE
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based
on easy-to-use hardware and software. Through sending a
set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board, it
will do the set of instructions. It has been used in
thousands of different projects and applications. It is easy
to use for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced
users. The Arduino offers advantages for users such as:
 Inexpensive
 Cross-platform
 Simple, clear programming environment. It is
easy to use for beginners.
 Open source and extensible software
Figure 4. Block Diagram of the System
 As shown in the figure above, the power supply will
power up the Arduino Uno. Arduino Uno serves as
microcontroller or center in the process that reads input,
processes it, and sends output, it also serves as a power
source for other hardware components connected. The servo
motor acted as a door lock.
Figure 5 shows the design project view, which mostly
shows some components in put in the door, like an I2C LCD,
4X4 Keypad RFID, RGB LED, and buzzer in the front of the
door where they interact with the user. And in the back of the
door, the Arduino UNO and servo motor are found and Figure 7. Initial Condition (Starting)
covered.
After scanning the RFID card or tag, there are two
possible scenarios described in Figures 8 and 9. In the first
scenario, the RFID card or tag matches and reminds that
accepted what was being scanned and lit the Green LED,
which can proceed to the next step, as illustrated in Figure
8.

Figure 8. Confirmation of ID/Tag when it matches

The second scenario denies the scanned RFID card or

tag and reminds that it does not match. The Buzzer played a
tone and lit the Red LED, then went back to where it started
Figure 5. Design of Project (SMARTBOX) as shown in Figure 9.
In the back view, found a USB PORT, SWITCH and DC
POWER JACK which can either powered by battery or
power source (7V-12V).

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A. Results and Discussion

The figure shown below is the actual presentation of the Figure 9. Denying of ID/tag when it does not match
project (SMARTBOX). The next step after that first scenario stated before was
for the user to enter the password or pin. Then when it
matches, the same thing happens as in the first case, but this
time the Buzzer plays a musical tone and the door unlocks
as illustrated below.

Figure 6. Actual Viewof the Project

At first, the safe box is locked. The LCD displayed a
reminder to the user about scanning the RFID card or tag in Figure 10. 1st the prompt for password/pin and 2nd the
order to open the door as shown in Figure 7. confirmation of entered password/pin when matched
 Same as the second possible scenario as what happened and security, the modernized system had the greater impact.
in Figure 11. RFID readers and cards or tags, Arduino Uno, are a little bit
costly yet also provide reasonable security to the system
compared to locks and keys. Even though those components
much costly are not match the price of produced good
quality security lock is taken. In this project, which consist
of various systems (RFID and Password Based System), is
reasonably costlier than traditional alternatives.
There are several features that can be added or improved
to the project to make it better and more user-friendly. For
Figure 11. Denying of wrong input password/pin example, in terms of durability, the concrete or metallic
At this point, when the door closed, it automatically materials can be used in the project to enhance durability.
locked the safe box and reminded then lit the Blue LED. And a fingerprint input feature and a GMS feature can be
After that, back to where it started as illustrated in Figure added to add more layers of security and monitoring.
12. Finally, taking the discussions and results above into
consideration, the project might benefit from some newer
digital technologies like iris or rental scanning, and voice
identification to authorize the users. In that way, this smart
box will be able to provide more advanced and faster-
accessible security with an easy-to-use safe box that can be
applied to either home doors or gates.
Figure 12. When the close the door
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V. CONCLUSION
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The traditional system is, without a doubt, the cheapest
and most common among all users, but in terms of quality