Electric Circuits 2

Extra problems on chapter 14

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 Example 1: Transfer Function H(ω) for RC Circuits

Solution:
Step 1: get the frequency domain representation (Phasor quantities).
ZR= R and
ZC=1/(jωC)
Step 2: get the value of Vo, you may use the voltage divider rule.
Vo=Vs (ZC/(ZC+R))
Step 3: get the value of Vo/Vs ratio.
Vo/Vs=(ZC/(ZC+R)) 2
 Example 1: Transfer Function H(ω) for RC Circuits

Solution:
Step 4: The transfer function H(ω)=Vo/Vs=(ZC/(ZC+R)), by substituting the values:

Step 4: Get the amplitude and the phase of H(ω):

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 Example: Transfer Function H(ω) for RC Circuits
Drawing Frequency Response of RC Circuit
To plot the frequency response of a circuit, we plot of the transfer function H(ω)
versus ω ,when ω varies from ω=0 to ω=infinity.
So, we obtain the value of the amplitude and the phase at some critical values.

Note that:
The frequency value of ωo is of special interest.
 Because output is considerable only at low values of frequency, the circuit is also
called a LOW PASS FILTER.
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 i.e. the circuit attenuates (minimizes) the output at high frequency.
 Example 2: Transfer Function H(ω) for RL Circuits

Solution:
Step 1: get the frequency domain representation (Phasor quantities).
ZR= R and ZL=jωL
Step 2: get the value of Vo, you may use the voltage divider rule.
Vo=Vs (ZL/(ZL+R))
Step 3: get the value of Vo/Vs ratio.
Vo/Vs=(ZL/(ZL+R)) 5
 Example 2: Transfer Function H(ω) for RL Circuits

Solution:
Step 4: The transfer function H(ω)=Vo/Vs=(ZL/(ZL+R)), by substituting the values:

Step 4: Get the amplitude and the phase of H(ω):

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 Example2: Transfer Function H(ω) for RL Circuits
Drawing Frequency Response of RL Circuit
To plot the frequency response of a circuit, we plot of the transfer function H(ω)
versus ω ,when ω varies from ω=0 to ω=infinity.
So, we obtain the value of the amplitude and the phase at some critical values.

Note that:
The frequency value of ωo is of special interest.
 Because output is considerable only at high values of frequency, the circuit is also
called a HIGH PASS FILTER.
 i.e. the circuit attenuates (minimizes) the output at low frequency. 7
 Example 3: Transfer Function H(ω)

Solution:
Step 1: get the frequency domain representation (Phasor quantities).
ZR= R and ZL=jωL and ZC=1/(jωC)
Step 2: get the value of Io, you may use the current divider rule.
Io=Ii ([ZL+R]/([ZL+R]+ZC)
Step 3: get the value of Io/Ii ratio.
Io/Ii=([ZL+R]/([ZL+R]+ZC) 8
 Example 3: Transfer Function H(ω)

Solution:
Step 4: The transfer function H(ω)=Io/Ii=([ZL+R]/([ZL+R]+ZC), by substituting the
values:

Step 5: Note, we have to re-arrange H(ω), to the standard form before we

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 Example 3: Transfer Function H(ω)
Solution:
Step 6: Now, we substitute (S= jω):

The roots of the numerator [N(ω)=0], are called Zeros.

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Example 4: Transfer Function H(ω)

Check at Home?!
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Best wishes

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