Manual – Unit 21

21.12

To last – present

1. How long does a litre of milk usually last?

2. How long does a visit to your mother’s house usually last?
3. How long does a boat trip to the Cies Island usually last?
4. How long does a visit from your mother-in-law usually last?
5. How long does a visit to the dentist usually last?
6. How long does a visit to the doctor usually last?
7. How long does a business trip usually last?
8. How long does a conference call usually last?
9. How long does a phone call to your family usually last?
10. How long does your ironing usually last?
11. How long does a birthday party usually last?
12. How long does a bad mood usually last?
13. How long does a trip home in public transport usually last?
14. How long does your English class usually last?
15. How long does your shopping last?
16. How long does your house cleaning usually last?
17. How long does an argument with your boss usually last?
18. How long does an argument with your partner usually last?
19. How long does your favourite song usually last?
20. How long does your favourite program usually last?
21. How long does a discussion with your best friend usually last?
22. How long does your salary last?

To last – past

1. How long did the first date with your partner last?
2. How long did your first kiss last?
3. How long did your first argument last?
4. How long did your wedding last?
5. How long did the birth of your first child last?
6. How long did your last business trip last?
7. How long did your vacation last?
8. How long did your last car repair last?
9. How long did your first job last?
10. How long did your last visit to the dentist last?
11. How long did your last telephone call last?
12. How long did your last shower last?
13. How long did your last sports activity last?
14. How long did your last meeting last?
15. How long did your last party last?
16. How long did your last project last?
17. How long did your last traffic jam last?
18. How long did your last problem last?
19. How long did your last toothache last?
20. How long did your last visit to your mother’s house last?
21. How long did your neighbor’s last visit to your house last?
 22. How long did the last movie you saw at the cinema last?
23. How long did your salary last?

21.14
Family relationships: see Picture 21.

1. What is your father’s brother’s name?

2. What is your father’s uncle’s name?
3. What is your father’s wife’s name?
4. What is your wife’s father’s name?
5. What is your wife’s husband’s name?
6. What is your husband’s wife’s name?
7. What is your father’s daughter’s name?
8. What is your daughter’s mother’s name?
9. What is your uncle’s sister’s name?
10. What is your sister’s uncle’s name?
11. What is your nephew’s father’s name?
12. What is your nephew’s name?
13. What is your niece’s name?
14. What is your niece’s father’s name?
15. What is your nephew’s mother’s name?
16. What is your daughter’s grandmother’s name?
17. What is your son’s grandfather’s name?
18. What are your grandparents’ names?
19. What are your greatgrandparents’ names?
20. What is your brother-in-law’s name?
21. What is your sister-in-law’s name?
22. What is your father-in-law’s wife’s name?
Ask and tell them to ask you…

21.16
“Going to”

1. Are you going to come here tomorrow?

2. Are you going to buy a new car next month?
3. Are you going to swim in the ocean next month?
4. Are you going to travel to the Cies next month?
5. Are you going to go shopping this weekend?
6. Are you going to have dinner with me tonight?
7. Are you going to invite someone out to dinner this week?
8. Are you going to travel abroad next month?
9. Are you going to travel on business next week?
10. Are you going to throw a party next week?
11. Are you going to celebrate a wedding next month?
12. Are you going to celebrate a first communion this year?
13. Are you going to get angry with me if I ask you more questions?
14. Are you going to come to class every day?
15. Are you going to get up early tomorrow?
16. Are you going to have a meeting with your boss this afternoon?
17. Are you going to visit clients tomorrow?
18. Are you going to take your children to the park this evening?
1. Is your wife going to come here after class?
2. Are your children going to attend an American University?
3. Are your children going to attend a University in Madrid?
4. Is Spain going to win the World Cup football championship next year?
5. Is the government going to permit smoking next month?
6. Is your company going to permit smoking next week?
7. Is your wife going to prohibit smoking this afternoon?
8. Is your neighbour going to ask you for a favour this week?
9. Is your family going to visit you this week?
10. Is your salary going to increase this year?
11. Are your expenses going to decrease this year?
12. Are your teeth going to fall this year?
13. Are you going to buy clothes on sale this season?
14. Are you going to go windowshopping this week?

1. Ask me if I’m going to call my husband after this class.

2. Ask me if I’m going to continue teaching for the rest of my life.
3. Ask me if I’m going to come to class every day.
4. Ask me if I’m going to see the dentist this year.
5. Ask me if I’m going to buy a car this year.
6. Ask me if I’m going to sell my house.
7. Ask me if I’m going to give you homework.
8. Ask me if I’m going to get angry with you if you don’t do your homework.
9. Ask me if I’m going to go to the beach this afternoon.
10. Ask me if I’m going to take a walk in the sun this afternoon.
11. Ask me if I’m going to get up early tomorrow morning.
12. Ask me if I’m going to travel to Madrid this weekend.
13. Ask me if I’m going to travel back to Galicia on Monday.
14. Ask me if I’m going to go watch a football match this weekend.
15. Ask me if I’m going to watch someone in my family play a football match.
16. Ask me if I’m going to play football this weekend.

21.21 There will be

1. Was there a party in this office yesterday?

2. Will there be a party in this office tomorrow?
3. Was there a parliamentary election last week?
4. And next week?
5. Was there a religious holiday last week?
6. And next week?
7. Was there an important meeting in this room yesterday?
8. And tomorrow?
9. Was there an important event in your family last month?
10. And next month?
11. Was there an important soccer match last week?
12. And next week?
13. Was there a good reason for getting up this morning?
14. And tomorrow?
15. Was there a good reason for not getting up this morning?
16. And tomorrow?
17. Was there a lot of work yesterday?
18. And tomorrow?
19. Was there an important phone call this morning?
 20. And tomorrow?
21. Was there any reason to panic yesterday?
22. And tomorrow?
23. Was there a problem with your car this morning?
24. And tomorrow?
25. Was there a problem with your telephone this morning?
26. And tomorrow?
27. Was there enough food in your fridge yesterday?
28. And tomorrow?

Have you ever been to…?

1. Rome
2. Niece
3. Santiago de Compostela
4. Carballo
5. San Andres de Teixido
6. Islas Cies
7. Madrid
8. Las Palmas
9. Palma de Mallorca
10. Paris
11. Cangas
12. New York
13. Los Angeles
14. Buenos Aires
15. Montevideo
16. Sao Paolo
17. Morocco
18. Barcelona
19. London
20. Dublin
21. Cork
22. Edinburgh
23. Vancouver
24. Montreal

22.26 Frequency Adverb – Usually

1. How long does a litre of milk usually last?

2. How long does a visit to your mother’s house usually last?
3. How long does a boat trip to the Cies Island usually last?
4. How long does a visit from your mother-in-law usually last?
5. How long does a visit to the dentist usually last?
6. How long does a visit to the doctor usually last?
7. How long does a business trip usually last?
8. How long does a conference call usually last?
9. How long does a phone call to your family usually last?
10. How long does your ironing usually last?
11. How long does a birthday party usually last?
12. How long does a bad mood usually last?
13. How long does a trip home in public transport usually last?
 14. How long does your English class usually last?
15. How long does your shopping last?
16. How long does your house cleaning usually last?
17. How long does an argument with your boss usually last?
18. How long does an argument with your partner usually last?
19. How long does your favourite song usually last?
20. How long does your favourite program usually last?
21. How long does a discussion with your best friend usually last?
22. How long does your salary last?

Unit 23

23.10 – There has been / There have been

1. Have there been any tornadoes in Madrid this year?

2. Has there been an explosion in your building this year?
3. Have there been any important problems today?
4. Has there been a crisis here today?
5. Have there been any traffic accidents in Galicia this month?
6. Has there been a religious holiday this month?
7. Have there been any concerts in Galicia this year?
8. Has there been an eclipse this year?
9. Have there been any tourists visiting London this year?
10. Has there been a sunny day this week?
11. Have there been any art exhibitions in Barcelona this year?
12. Has there been a fire in your office this month?
13. Have there been any problems with the computer system in your office last week?

23.12

1. Should you defend the interests of your company?

2. Should you defend your own interests?
3. Should you vote in local and national elections?
4. Should you go to the dentist when you have a toothache?
5. Should you go to the doctor when you feel sick?
6. Should you call your mother every day?
7. Should you call your girlfriend every day?
8. Should you go out with your friends every weekend?
9. Should you stay at work and do overtime?
10. Should you get on a diet?
11. Should you ask for a salary raise?
12. Should you insult others when you get upset?
13. Should you stop drinking?
14. Should you stop smoking?
15. Should you drive more slowly?
16. Should you buy another car?
 17. Should you buy a flat?
18. Should you eat more hamburgers?
19. Should you be kinder with other people?
20. Should you be more respectful with your boss?
21. Should you spend less money?
22. Should you pay more attention to your mobile?
23. Should you just throw the mobile away?
24. Should you eat less junk food?

“Have to / don’t have to/ should / shouldn’t

1. Do you or don’t you have to ask your boss for a salary increase?
2. Do you or don’t you have to have a coffee in the morning?
3. Do you or don’t you have to get at least 8 hours of sleep every day?
4. Do you or don’t you have to clean your house regularly?
5. Do you or don’t you have to take a shower every day?
6. Do you or don’t you have to shave/wash your hair every day?
7. Do you or don’t you have to change your clothes every day?
8. Do you or don’t you have to drink water every day?
9. Do you or don’t you have to be at work by 9 o’clock every morning?
10. Do you or don’t you have to wash your hair at least once a week?
11. Do you or don’t you have to wear a t-shirt and sneakers to do sports?
12. Do you or don’t you have to buy cigarettes every day?
13. Do you or don’t you have to work hard to earn a living?
14. Do you or don’t you have to travel on vacation?
15. Do you or don’t you have to wear shoes?

Should – shouldn’t / too-so / too much – so much / too many – so many

1. Ronny has accidents because he drives too fast.

a. Ronny shouldn’t drive so fast.

2. Ronny is gaining weight because he eats too many sweets.

a. Ronny shouldn’t eat so many sweets.

3. Ronny is fat because he eats too much.

a. Ronny shouldn’t eat so much.

4. Ronny has problems with his job because he doesn’t know enough English.
a. Ronny should learn more English.
b. Ronny shouldn’t have so many problems.
c. Ronny shouldn’t know so little English.

5. Ronny coughs a lot because he smokes too much.

a. Ronny shouldn’t smoke so much.

6. Ronny loses a lot of money because he plays poker too much.

a. Ronny shouldn’t play poker so much.

7. Ronny can’t find a job because he doesn’t know how to use computers.
 a. Ronny should learn how to use computers.
b. Ronny shouldn’t know so little about computers.
c. Ronny should know more about using computers.

8. Ronny loses friends because he borrows money too often.

a. Ronny shouldn’t borrow money so often.
b. Ronny shouldn’t borrow so much money.

9. Ronny doesn’t look good because he doesn’t shave very often.

a. Ronny should shave more often. /Ronny shouldn’t shave so little.
b. Ronny doesn’t look so good because he should shave more often.

10. Ronny never has money because he never saves any money.
a. Ronny should save more money.
b. Ronny shouldn’t save so little.

11. Ronny gets depressed because he drinks too much.

a. Ronny shouldn’t drink so much.

12. Ronny’s father gets angry because Ronny doesn’t call him very often.
a. Ronny should call him more often.
b. Ronny shouldn’t call him so little.

13. Ronny makes a bad impression because he doesn’t dress well.

a. Ronny shouldn’t dress so badly.

14. Ronny is often ill because he doesn’t take good care of himself.
a. Ronny should take more care of himself.
b. Ronny shouldn’t take so little care of himself.

15. Ronny’s boss gets angry at him because he gets to work late.
a. Ronny shouldn’t get to work so late.

16. Ronny’s wife is upset because he gets home too late to go out for a while.
a. Ronny shouldn’t get home so late.

17. Ronny has stomach problems because he eats a lot of spicy food.
a. Ronny shouldn’t eat so much spicy food.

18. Ronny gets to work very late because he gets up very late.
a. Ronny shouldn’t get up so late.

19. Ronny has muscle cramps because he did too much exercise.
a. Ronny shouldn’t have done so much exercise.

20. Ronny’s house is disorganized because he is very disorganized.

a. Ronny shouldn’t be so disorganized.

21. Ronny’s office is a disaster because he is disastrous

a. Ronny shouldn’t be so disastrous.

22. Ronny is always late finishing his projects.

a. Ronny shouldn’t be so late finishing his projects.
 23. Ronny is losing his eyesight because he works too close to the computer monitor.
a. Ronny shouldn’t work so close to the monitor.

24. Ronny is losing his hair because he washes it too often / frequently.
a. Ronny shouldn’t wash his hair so often.
b. Ronny shouldn’t wash his hair so frequently.

25. Ronny wants to have more friends but he is too shy to relate to other people.
a. Ronny shouldn’t be so shy.

26. Ronny has lung problems because he smokes too many cigarettes a day.
a. Ronny shouldn’t smoke so many cigarettes a day.

27. Ronny’s personal economy is poor because he spends too much money on lottery.
a. Ronny shouldn’t spend so much money on lottery.

28. Ronny doesn’t think too much about the future, that’s why he doesn’t save any money.
a. Ronny shouldn’t think so little about the future and save so little.
b. Ronny should think more about the future and save more money.

29. Ronny spends a lot of money on trips and now he can’t buy a new car.
a. Ronny shouldn’t spend so much money on trips.

30. Ronny loses his voice frequently because he speaks too loudly.
a. Ronny shouldn’t speak so loudly.

31. Nobody understands Ronny’s English because he speaks too fast.

a. Ronny shouldn’t speak so fast.

32. Ronny knows Spain very little because he travels abroad more often than he does in Spain.
a. Ronny shouldn’t travel abroad so often.
b. Ronny should travel in Spain more often.
c. Ronny shouldn’t travel in Spain so little.

Have to – don’t have to

1. To work
2. to work on weekends
3. to work the land
4. to wear a tie to work
5. to dress well for work
6. to know computers for their job
7. To know English for their job
8. to prepare dinner at night
9. to get up early.
10. to report to your boss every day.
11. to report to your husband/wife every day.
12. to travel a lot in your job.
13. to stay inside a budget for your job
14. to stay inside a budget for your house.
15. to call customers
16. to call suppliers
17. to call the plumber
18. to call the electrician
19. to attend a lot of business meetings
20. to attend training courses
21. to clock in in the morning.
22. to read a lot of reports in your job
23. to keep a record of your expenses at work
24. to report your expenses at home
25. get paid every month
26. call your wife every day.
27. to go shopping every week.
28. to buy bread every day
29. to eat bread with your meals
30. eat fish at least once a week.

Unit 24

24.11 Present perfect continuous

1. How long have you been working in this company?

2. How long have you been living in Vigo?
3. How long have you been living in Galicia?
4. How long have you been working in your present job?
5. How long have you been working with your present boss?
6. How long have you been taking English classes with me?
7. How long have you been working in your present department?
8. How long have you been sitting in that chair today?
9. How long have you been living in your present job?
10. How long have you been answering these questions?
11. How long have you been earning your current salary?
12. How long have you been using that pen?
13. How long have you been practicing this verb tense with me?
14. How long have you been wanting to buy a new car?
15. How long have you been driving to work in your car?
16. How long have you been taking your children to school?
17. How long have you been taking your children to after-school sports?
18. How long have you been doing sports?
19. How long have you not been doing sports?
20. How long have you not been studying English?
21. How long have you been learning English?
22. How long have you been using English at work?
23. How long have you been having the same dull work meetings?
24. How long have you been waiting for a pay raise?
25. How long have you been wondering why the earth is round?
26. How long have you been wondering why there are so many injustices in the world?
27. How long have you been hiding your feelings from others?
28. How long have you been wanting to go on vacation?
29. How long have you been going to the same dentist?
30. How long have you been seeing the same doctor?
 31. How long have you been feeling bad about not doing enough exercise?
32. How long have your children been asking you for the same toy over and over again?
33. How long have you been doing the same things over and over again.
34. How long have you been taking vitamins?
35. How long have you not been sleeping enough?
36. How long have you been having a recurrent dream?

Simple past vs. Present perfect Continuous

Have each std answer each question twice. The first question in each pair should be answered with “for” and with
“from ..to”. The second with “for” and “since”.

1. How long was Spencer Tracy a famous actor (1935 – 1965: 30 years)
2. How long has Harrison Ford been a famous actor (1978 – 28 years)

3. How long was Napoleon the leader of France? (1799 – 1815: 16 years)
4. How long has Zapatero been the president of Spain? (2004: almost 2 yrs)

5. How long was the Soviet Union a country? (1917 – 1992: 75 years)
6. How long has the United States been a country? (1776: 230 years)

7. How long were you in your previous job?

8. How long have you been in your present job?

24.13 Simple past vs. Present perfect continuous

X, tell Y to ask Z:

1. How long Adolph Hitler was in power in Germany (1933-1945: 12 yrs)

2. How long Fidel Castro has been in Power in Cuba (1959: 47 years)

3. How long Felipe González was president of Spain (1982 – 1996: 14 years)
4. How long José María Aznar was president of Spain (1996 – 2004: 8 years)
5. How long José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero has been president of Spain (2004 -2 yrs.)

6. How long Manuel Fraga was president of the Xunta? (1987 – 2005: 18 yrs.)
7. How long Perez Touriño has been president of the Xunta? (2005 - ?)

8. How long Clark Gable was an actor (1932 – 1960: 28 years)

9. How long Robert Redford has been an actor (1964: 42 years)

10. How long Rudolph Valentino was famous (1921 – 1927: 6 yrs)
11. How long Madonna has been famous (1982: 43 yrs)

12. How long Texas was an independent country (1836 – 1845: 9 yrs.)
13. How long Texas has been a part of the United States (1845: 161 yrs.)

14. How long he lived in his previous house

15. How long he has been living in his current house.

16. How long he sat in his chair yesterday.

17. How long he has been sitting in his chair today.

18. How long he had long hair.

19. How long he has been having it cut short.
 19. How long he/she waited to buy a flat.
20. How long he/she has been paying his/her flat.

21. How long he/she went out with his/her partner.

22. How long he/she has been living with his/her partner.

23. How long he/she looked for his first job.

24. How long he/she has been working in his current job?

25. How long he / she took to decide to buy a car.

26. How long he / she has been driving the same car.

27. How long he/she took to learn how to drive.

28. How long he/she has been driving.

29. How long he/she took to decide to get married.

30. How long he/she has been living with his/her partner.

Present Perfect Continuous (cont’d)

1. Ask me if I play the guitar. Do you play the guitar? Yes I do.
2. Ask me how long I’ve been playing the guitar?
3. Ask me if I do sports. Do you do sports? Yes I do.
4. Ask me how long I’ve been doing sports.
5. Ask me if I go jogging. Do you go jogging? Yes I do.
6. Ask me how long I have been going jogging.
7. Ask me if I have a best friend. Do you have a best friend? Yes I do.
8. Ask me how long I’ve had this best friend.
9. Ask me if I have many secrets. Do you have many secrets? Yes, a couple.
10. Ask me how long I’ve had these secrets.
11. Ask me if I go to the beach on vacation. Do you go to the beach on vacation? No, I don’t.
12. Ask me if I go to the mountains on vacation. Do you go to the mountains on vacation? Yes, I do.
13. Ask me how long I’ve been going to the mountains on vacation.
14. Ask me if I go fishing. Do you go fishing? Yes, I do.
15. Ask me how long I’ve been going fishing.
16. Ask me if I cook. Do you cook? Yes, I do.
17. Ask me how long I’ve been cooking for.

Present Perfect continuous

Ex.:
T: Peter moved to his present house 3 years ago and he still lives there.
Std.: Peter has been living in his present house since 1996. He’s been living there for 3 years.

T: John began working for the NASA in 1990. He died last year.
Std.: John worked for the NASA from 1990 to 2005. He worked there for 8 years.

Now use the following “setups”. Tell the student the setup:
1. George Bush, Sr.- became president in 1988– lost election in 1992
2. Bill Clinton – became president in 1992 – finished his tenure in 2000.
3. George Bush, Jr. – became president in 2000 – still president.
4. Manuel Fraga – became president of the Xunta in 1987 – lost election in 2005
 5. Perez Touriño – became president of the Xunta in 2004 – still president.
6. The twist – became popular in 1960 – lost popularity in 1963
7. Madonna – became famous in 1982 – still famous.
8. The Beatles – started together in 1957 – broke up in 1970.
9. The Beatles – became no. 1 group in 1964 – lost no. 1 position in 1970.
10. The Rolling Stones – started together in 1963 – still together.
11. This class – started ? minutes ago – still in session.
12. James Dean – born in 1932 – died in 1956.
13. Israel – became a nation in 1948 – still a nation
14. I began working as a teacher in 1982 – I’m still a teacher.
15. My mother was born in 1925 – she passed away in 2004.
16. I started teaching at residentials in September 2005 – I stopped in January 2006.
17. I had long hair in 1965 – I cut my hair short in 1979
18. The US Civil War started in 1861 and ended in 1865.
19. The construction of the first railway from Omaha – San Francisco began in 1861 – finished in 1869.
20. WW1 began in 1914 – ended in 1918.
21. WW2 began in 1939 - ended in 1945
22. The Spanish Civil war began in 1936-ended in 1945.
23. The Independence War began in 1776 – ended in 1863.
24. Santiago was constituted as the capital of Galicia in 1981 – continues to be the capital.

Present perfect continuous (non-action verbs)

 note: careful with “how long ago...”
1. How long have you known me?
2. How long have you known your best friend?
3. How long have you known your wife?
4. How long have you known how to use a computer?
5. How long have you had your present job?
6. How long have you had a beard,mustache,long hair,short hair, etc.?
7. How long have you needed to improve your English?
8. How long have you needed to improve your purchasing power?
9. How long has Spain had a constitution? (since 1977)
10. How long has your company had this office?
11. How long has Spain been a democracy? (since 1975)
12. How long has the US had a constitution? (since 1787)
13. How long has the PSOE been in power in Galicia? (since 2005)
14. How long have your children been in school today?
15. How long have had your car?
16. How long have worn glasses?
17. How long have you had short nails?
18. How long have you known how to type?
19. How long have you known how to prepare presentations on power point?
20. How long have you been tired of getting up early in the morning?
21. How long have you been happy to get up early in the morning?
22. How long have you been tired of getting up in the middle of the night?
23. How long have you been tired of going out on Friday evenings?
24. How long have you been happy to stay home on weekends?
25. How long have you been upset about other people sticking their nose in your business?
26. How long have you been upset about others touching your files?
27. How long have you been glad to have nothing to do with something/someone?
28. How long have you been crazy about seeing someone?
29. How long have you had a beautiful garden?
 30. How long have you had a gorgeous baby?
31. How long has smoking been a problem at work?
32. How long has coffee drinking been a problem at work?
33. How long have you enjoyed coffee?
34. How long have you disliked coffee?
35. How long have you liked sports?
36. How long have you disliked doing sports?

24.24 Ever – never

1. When was the last time you appreciated a sunset?

a. Were you with someone special?

2. When was the last time you were a guest at a surprise party?
a. Has anyone ever thrown a surprise party for you?

3. When was the last time you were in a fist fight?

4. When was the last time you were on TV?
5. When was the last time you were to a theater?
a. What did you see? Did you like it?

6. Have you ever broken a bone?

a. When? How did you break it?

7. Have you ever broken up with someone?

8. Has someone ever broken up with you?
9. Have you ever called your boyfriend or girlfriend by the wrong name?
10. Has your boyfriend/girlfriend ever called you by the wrong name?
11. Have you ever called your girlfriend/boyfriend “honey”?
12. Have you ever changed your appearance a lot in a short time? (hair style, color or weight?)
13. Have you ever cheated on an exam ?
14. Have you ever cried in public and embarrassed yourself?
a. Have you ever cried for no reason and felt good because of it?
15. Have you ever dated someone from another race, culture or religion?
a. Have you ever dated someone who didn’t like you?
16. Have you ever eaten in a restaurant and realized you have o money with you?
17. Have you ever eaten something that you thought you wouldn’t like, but found out that you actually liked it?
18. Have you ever eaten frog legs?
a. Have you ever eaten horse meat?
b. Have you ever eaten French food? (other countries’ food, too)
19. Have you ever fallen asleep and forgotten where you were?
20. Have you ever fallen asleep while taking a bath?
21. Have you ever fallen down the stairs?
22. Have you ever fallen in love at first sight?
23. Have youo ever fallen or stumbled in front of others?
24. Have you ever forgotten your mother’s birthday?
a. ...father’s
b. ...girlfriend’s
c. ....boyfriend’s
d. ....husband’s
e. ....wife’s

25. Have you ever given a false excuse to get out of something that you didn’t want to do? If so, tell us about it.
26. Have you ever given a ring (or other jewelry) to your girlfriend/boyfriend?
27. Have you ever gone skiing?
28. Have you ever gone surfing?
29. Have you ever dreamt of a ghost being in your bedroom and then waking up and finding yourself looking
around for the ghost?
30. Have you ever gone to greet a friend or family member then noticed it was someone else?
31. Have you ever gotten sunburnt at the tanning saloon and gone back the next day?
32. Have you ever had a deja vu experience?
33. Have you ever made a cheesecake?
34. Have you ever played a joke on one of your teachers?
a. How about one of your classmates?
35. Have you ever raised your hand to answer a question, then forgot what you were going to say?

36. Have you ever received a present that you really hated?
a. What was it?
b. Why did you hate it?
c. Who gave it to you?
37. Have you ever regretted saying I love you?
38. Have you ever ridden a horse?
39. Have you ever ridden a motorbike?
40. Have you ever said yes when you meant no?
If so, tell us about it.

41. Have you ever slept in a cave?

42. Have you ever slept in a tent?
43. Have you ever swam in the ocean?
44. Have you ever talked to a famous person?
a. Who was the person?
b. How long did you talk?
c. What did you talk about?

45. Have you ever thought of something funny and started laughing out loud in front of others?

UNIT 25

25.11 will be able to

1. Will you be able to come to class next week?

2. Will you be able to speak English better by this time next year?
3. Will you be able to control your children when they become teenagers?
4. Will you be able to go on holidays soon?
5. Will you be able to drive your car to work tomorrow?
6. Will you be able to get home soon this afternoon?
7. Will you be able to call your mother today?
8. Will you be able to cook a paella if I ask you to?

1. Ask X, if he/she will be able to attend class every day next week.
2. Ask .., if he//she will be able to come to the next class if her boss is ill.
3. Ask Pepe if he’ll be able to work tomorrow if he breaks his leg today.
4. Ask ...if he/she will be able to help me if I suddenly start feeling ill.
5. Ask .... if he/she will be able to understand if someone speaks to him in French.
6. Ask....if he/she will be able to tell me how to change a tire in English.
7. Ask...if he/she will be able to run 10 kms non-stop if he/she has to.
8. Ask...if he/she will be able to celebrate his birthday this year.
9. Ask ...if he/she will be able to plant potatoes next year.
10. Ask....if he/she will be able to read 4 books by the end of this year.
11. Ask....if he/she will be able to eat everything they serve at a wedding celebration.
12. Ask....if he/she will be able to throw a party with 100 people at his/her house.

1. Tell ...to ask....if he’ll be able to understand me if I speak very quickly.

2. Tell...to ask....if he’ll be able to speak English perfectly some day.
3. Tell...to ask....if he’ll be able to buy a house some day.
4. Tell...to ask....if he’ll get married some day.
5. Tell....to ask....if he’ll be able to come see me sing at my next performance.
6. Tell...to ask...if he’ll be able to buy himself a boat and sale the Pacific some day.
7. Tell...to ask....if he’ll be able to go to the movies this weekend.
8. Tell...to ask...if he’ll be able to visit his parents this weekend.
9. Tell...to ask...if he’ll be able to relax this weekend.
10. Tell...to ask....if he’ll be able to buy everything he wants some day.
11. Tell...to ask...if he’ll be able to work here after he’s 65.
12. Tell... to ask...if he’ll be able to work at all after he’s 65.
13. Tell...to ask ...if he’ll be able to have spare time after he’s 65.
14. Tell..to ask...if he’ll be able to travel after he’s 65.
15. Tell...to ask...if he’ll be able to take care of his grandchildren before he’s 65.
16. Tell..to ask....if he’ll be able to get married before he’s 65.
17. Tell...to ask....if he’ll be able to finish studying before he’s 50.
18. Tell...to ask....if he’ll be able to change his life before he’s 40.
19. Tell...to ask ... if he’ll be able to make his children change their habits some day.
20. Tell..to ask...if he’ll be able to look after his land some day.

25.12 Was/were able to

1. Were you able to study English last weekend?

2. Were you able to speak Spanish when you were 3 years old?
3. Was your wife able to speak English when she was 6 years old?
4. Were you able to speak Enlgish when you were 10 years old?
5. Was John Kennedy able to inspire people?
6. Ask ...if Fraga was able to inspire people.
7. Was Niki Lauda able to drive race cars?
8. Were you relaxed last weekend?
9. Tell...to ask....if he took a vacation last year.
10. Tell...to ask....if Cleopatra was able to attract men’s attention.
11. Tell.. to ask...if Sophia Loren was able to attract men’s attention.
12. Tell...to ask me if I was able to prepare this class properly last week.
13. Tell...to ask....if he was able to do his homework yesterday.
14. Were you able to play tennis when you were a teenager?
15. Was Cortés able to conquer Mexico?
16. Ask me if I was able to speak Spanish before I came to Spain.
17. Ask me if I was able to speak Gallego before I came to Galicia.
18. Were you able to speak English before I met you?
19. Tell...to ask....if Touriño was able to lead a party before he became the president of the Xunta.
 20. Was Henry VIII able to live with more than one wife?
21. Was James Dean able to live long enough to enjoy his fame?
22. Was Attila able to conquer Rome?
23. Was Jack the Ripper able to kill women withoug getting caught?
24. Was your wife able to conquer you or were you able to conquer her?
25. Were you able to feel satisfied with the balance between your professional life and personal life last year?
26. Were you able to do exercise regularly last year?
27. Were you able to do three things at the same time yesterday?
28. Were you able to pick your children up from school last week?
29. Were you able to see a soccer match last week?
30. Were you able to have a coffee this morning?
31. Were you able to leave the office on the dot yesterday?
32. Were you able to get to the office by 9 a.m. yesterday?
33. Were your parents able to study at University?
34. Were you able to get a good education?
35. Were your parents able to go on holidays?
36. Were you able to go on holidays when you were a teenager?

25.18 How long does it take....

1. How long does it take to : drive from Vigo to Madrid

fly from Madrid to Vigo
fly from Vigo to Valencia
wash a car.
play a chess game.
play a tennis match
play an idoor soccer game (futbol sala)
smoke a cigarette

2. How long does it take you to: get dressed in the morning?
wake up in the morning?
Get up from bed in the morning?
Go home in the afternoon?
Shave in the morning?
To get ready for work?
To shower?
To choose what to wear?
To do your shopping?
To clean your house?
To wash up after lunch/dinner?
To have breakfast in the morning?
To make breakfast?
To give the children their breakfast?

3. How long did it take you to: find your first job?
reach your present level of English?
Get your degree?
Get dressed in the morning?
Come here this morning?
Have breakfast this morning?
Get back home yesterday evening?
Decide what car to buy?
Decide what house to buy?
 Find your second job?
Lose weight/gain weight?
Eliminate the weight you gained on Christmas?
Reach your present position?

4. How long will it take you to: learn English?

come to work tomorrow?
Reach retirement age?
Master this grammatical form?
Gain confidence in your pronunciation?
Accept yourself the way you are?
Trust a person that let you down (disappointed you)?
Say everything that’s on your mind?
Put your children to sleep tonight?

5. How long has it taken you to: reach your present level of English?
reach your current position in the firm?
Believe everything your boss tells you?
Remain calm despite all problems?
Resist having chocolate despite having it in the fridge?
Stop losing your temper all the time.
Feel satisfied with yourself.
Feel fit.
Feel self-confident.
Find the right hairstyle.
Find the right type of job.

25.20 What does he look like? (elicit physical appearance adjectives: short, tall, red- haired, blonde, brunette,
eye color, thin, fat, pudgy, stubby, long-legged, just-right, fit, athletic, sexy, skinny, obese, long-nosed,
round-faced)
What is he like? (elicit character traits: generous, magnanimous, stingy, rude, well-mannered, talkative,
quiet, shy, reserved, sweet, romantic, straight-forward, direct, inoffensive, sociable, cruel, kind, abusive,
giving,welcoming, ungrateful, aggressive, peaceful, nature-lover, cosmopolitan, a metrosexual, sensual,
sensitive, touchy, obsessive, anxious, nervous, calm, easy-going, flexible, inflexible, intolerant, tolerant)

1. What does....look like?

2. What does ...look like (different colleagues)
3. What is he/she like (name different colleagues)
4. What does your wife look like?
5. What does your daughter/son look like?
6. What does your mother-in-law/father-in-law look like?
7. What does your cousin look like?
8. What does your cousin’s mother look like?
9. What does your cousin’s father look like?
10. What does yoour sister look like?
11. What does your father look like?
12. What do you look like?
13. What does your boss look like?
14. What does your secretary look like?
15. What does your spouse look like?
16. What does your nephew look like?
17. What does your grandmother look like?
18. What does your grandfather look like?
 19. What does your mother look like?
20. What does your daugher’s best friend look like?
21. What is .....like (all the above from number 4 onwards)
22. What is your boss’ secretary like?
23. What is your boss’ boss like?
24. What is your aunt like?
25. What is your uncle like?

25.22 Would like

1. Would you like to own a Rolls Royce?

2. Would you like to have a Rolex?
3. Would you like to speak English like me?
4. Would you like to speak 3 languages fluently?
5. Would you like to be able to fly like Peter Pan?
6. Would you like to be a civil servant?
7. Would you like to be able to turn invisible whenever you want?
8. Would you like to have a personal chauffeur?
9. Would you like to have a helicopter?
10. Would you like to live in a penthouse on the Castellana?
11. Would you like to live in Manhattan?
12. Would you like to live in Vigo?
13. Would you like to live in a big house?
14. Would you like to have 6 children?
15. Would you like to have 6 maids?
16. Would you like to have someone do your shopping for you?
17. Would you like to have someone cook for you?
18. Would you like to have two spouses?
19. Would you like to own a yacht in Marbella?
20. Would you like to eat chocolate all the time?
21. Would you like to be your own boss?

1. Ask me if I’d like to have two husbands.

2. Ask me if I’d like to own a flat on the Castellana in Madrid.
3. Ask me if I’d like to have a house out in the country.
4. Ask me if I’d like to work in a factory.
5. Ask me if I’d like to have more free time.
6. Ask me if I’d like to have lots of land.
7. Ask me if I’d like to have a gigantic house.
8. Ask me if I’d like have my own way all the time (explain expression: have my own way).
9. Ask me if I’d like to be able to look up and see the stars in the sky every night.
10. Ask me if I’d like to know what true love is like.
11. Ask me if I’d like to know what it feels like to have everything I want.
12. Ask me if I’d like to have everything I want.
13. Ask me if I’d like to throw away my mobile phone.
14. Ask me if I’d like to have a pet.
15. Ask me if I’d like to believe everything I hear.
16. Ask me if I’d like to be able to sing all day.
17. Ask me if I’d like to be able to do whatever I wanted all day.
18. Ask me if I’d like to be on the run all day.
19. Ask me if I’d like to know how to plant potatoes.
20. Ask me if I’d like to be able to swim across the Mediterranean Sea.
21. Ask me if I’d like to be a top model.
 22. Ask me if I’d like to be popular.
23. Ask me if I’d like to be able to fly like superman.

1. Ask...if he’d like to have his own business.

2. ask...if he’d like to work in the film industry.
3. tell ...to ask ...if he’d like to have superpowers like spiderman.
4. tell...to ask ...if he’d like to be a partner in a successful business.
5. tell..to ask....if he’d like to change jobs every year.
6. tell..to ask.... if he’d like to own a diamond.
7. tell..to ask ...if he’d like to drive a race-car.
8. tell..to ask...if he’d like to do bungee-jumping.
9. tell...to ask...if he’d like to have a farm.
10. tell...to ask....if he’d like to only work 3 days a week.
11. tell...to ask....if he’d like to be a millionaire.
12. tell...to ask...if he’d like to be treated like a king.
13. tell..to ask...if he’d like to have a meeting with Veiras.
14. tell...to ask...if he’d like to meet Paco Vazquez.
15. tell...to ask...if he’d like to know Anxo Quintana.
16. tell ...to ask ...if he’d like to be the mayor of his town.
17. tell...to ask...if he’d like to live in Marbella.
18. tell..to ask...if he’d like to change car every year.
19. tell...to ask...if he’d like to know how to cook as well as Karlos Arguiñano.
20. tell..to ask....if he’d like to be a doctor.
21. tell..to ask...if he’d like to be famous.
22. tell...to ask...if he’d like to be popular.

25.23 Indirect and polite imperatives

I want you to.../ He wants you to...

Imperative: Go to the door, please.

Indirect imperative 1 Tell him to go to the door.
Indirect imperative 2 I want him to go to the door.
Polite imperative 1 Could you go to the door please?
Polite imperative 2 Would you mind going to the door please?

Here is a fun routine to elicit all of the above:

Teacher: Tell me to get up.

Std. 1: Get up please.
Teacher: What does student 1 want me to do?
Student 2: He wants you to get up.
Teacher: Well, tell him to ask me politely to get up.
Student 2: Ask him politely to get up.
Student 1: Could you get up please?
Teacher: What do you want me to do?
Student 1: I want you to get up.
Teacher: Ask me politely in a different way.
Student 1: Would you mind getting up please?
Teacher: Of course, no problem (teacher gets up)
Teacher: Now, tell me to go to the door.
Std. 1 : Go to the door pls.
Teacher: What does student 1 want me to do?
Std. 2: He wants you to go to the door.
Teacher: Well, tell him to ask me politely to go to the door.
Std. 2: Ask him politeley to go to the door.
Std. 1: Could you please go to the door?
Teacher: What do you want me to do?
Std. 1: I want you to go to the door?
Teacher: Well ask me politely in a different way.
Std. 1: Would you mind going to the door?
Teacher: Of course, no problem (teacher goes to the door)
Teacher: Now, tell me to open the door

Tell me to close the door.

Tell me to go to the window
Tell me to open the window.
Tell me to close the window.

Tell me to lend you a pen.

Tell me to shake your hand.
Tell me to show you my ring.
Tell me to go back to my desk.
Tell me to sit down
Tell me to listen to you.

26.10 Review: from..to/ since.../for... ordinal numbers.

Teacher: Phillip left for Omaha on the 11th and got back on the 17th.
Std.: He was in Omaha for 6 days.
He was in Omaha from the 11th to the 17th.

Teacher: Nigel left for Monte Carlo on the 20th and he’s still there.
Today is the 23rd.
Std: He’s been there for 3 days.
He’s been there since the 20th.

Here are some scenarios:

Ana to Ibiza on the 27th – now 30th – she’s still there.

Andre to Massachussetts on the 15th – back to Vigo on the 20th.
Fiona to New Hampshire on the 20th – now 31st – she’s still there.
Pablo to Italy on the 13th - back to Madrid on the 18th.
Alicia to Coruña on the 10th – back to Vigo on the 11th.
Carol to San Sebastian on the 4th – now the 9th – she’s still there.
Pedro to Madrid on the 1st – now the 10th – he’s still there.
Carlos to Monte Carlo on the 2nd – back to Vigo on the 6th.

26.11 I want you to.../He wants us to.../they want me to.../ etc.

1. Do you want me to speak English or Spanish in class?

2. Do you want me to prepare my lessons or to improvise?
3. Do you want me to speak slowly or naturally in class?
4. Do you want me to use this method or to find another one?
5. Do you want me to come late to class every day?
6. Do you want me to ask you about your company?
7. Do you want me to talk to you about my company?
8. Do you want me to tell you your fortune?
9. Do you want me to give you piles of homework?
10. Do you want me to make you repeat everything twice?
11. Do you want me to repeat everything to you twice?
12. Do you want me to teach you how to knit in English?

1. Ask me if I want you to come to every class on time.

2. Ask me if I want you to show me around Vigo.
3. Ask me if I want you to talk to me about your village (pueblo).
4. Ask me if I want you to tell me about the local festivities and traditions.
5. Ask me if I want you to study every day.
6. Ask me if I want you to bring a notebook to the class.
7. Ask me if I want you to pay attention to the class.
8. Ask me if I want you to read English at home.
9. Ask me if I want you to read as much English as you can get your hands on.
10. Ask me if I want you to listen carefully in class.
11. Ask me if I want you to listen to cds in English.
12. Ask me if I want you to leave the class early today.
13. Ask me if I want you to leave the class late.
14. Ask me if I want you to bring me a cup of coffee.
15. Ask me if I want you to translate every day.
16. Ask me if I want you to teach me Gallego.
17. Ask me if I want you to tell me the latest gossip at work.
18. Ask me if I want you to tell me about the best restaurants in Vigo.
19. Ask me if I want you to tell me the best places to go for a walk.
20. Ask me if I want you to tell me the best places to look for a nice house.
21. Ask me if I want you to tell me where to buy corn-bread (brona-pan de millo)

1. Ask me if my boss wants me to call him tomorrow.

2. Ask me if your boss wants me to call him.
3. Ask me if my boss wants me to work more hours.
4. Ask me if my boss wants me to train new teachers.
5. Ask me if my boss wants me to interview new teachers.
6. Ask me if my boss wants me to open the new office in Valladolid.
7. Ask me if my boss wants me to work in Galicia forever.
8. Ask me if my boss wants everyone to do what he says.
9. Ask me if my husband (spouse) wants to move to Galicia.
10. Ask me if my daughter wants to live in Galicia.
11. Ask me if my daughter wants to live in Madrid.
12. Ask me if my boss wants me to have more free time.
13. Ask me if my colleagues want to come to Galicia.
14. Ask me if my HR manager wants to meet every teacher personally.
15. Ask me if my body wants to do exercise.
16. Ask me if my stomach wants to eat more pasta.
17. Ask me if my heart wants to love more.

1. Do you want your children to be happy?

2. Do you want the government to lower taxes?
3. Do you want this company to make a profit?
4. Do you want your boss to raise your salary?
5. Do you want Galicia to grow more?
6. Do you want Spain to prosper?
7. Do you want everyone to treat you politely?
8. Do you want your colleagues to butter you up?
9. Do you want your spouse to do more exercise?
 10. Do you want the weather to clear up?
11. Do you want your boss to send you to Andalucía?
12. Do you want your company to transfer you?
13. Do you want the company to give you less work?
14. Do you want your family to leave you alone and let you rest?
15. Do you want your mobile to stop bothering you?
16. Do you want your children to have good jobs when they’re older?
17. Do you want your children to study in Galicia?
18. Do you want your children to study abroad?
19. Do you want your friends to send you emails?
20. Do you want your friends to stop sending you silly emails?
21. Do you want your attitude towards work to change?
22. Do you want your attitude on life to change?
23. Do you want your mother to stop treating you like a child?
24. Do you want your salary to increase 500%
25. Do you want your luck to change.
26. Do you want the government to stop taxing you so much?

26.12 May I? / Can I? - CANNOT USE MAY YOU!!

May I get up please? - Yes you may

May I open the window? - Yes you may
May I close the window? - Yes you may
May I smoke in this room? - Yes you may
May I be excused? - Yes you may
May I use your pen? - Yes you may
May I take a photo of you? - Yes you may

Can you get up please?

Can you take a photo of me please?
Can I use your pen for a second please?
Can I borrow your car this weekend please?
Can I smoke in this room?
Can I have a glass of water please?
Can I take a photo of you?

26.23 The same…….as

Different from/than

MAKE SURE students say “same as” not “same that” as Spanish speakers often do

1. Is your car the same as mine or different from mine?

2. Are your shoes the same colour as mine or different from mine?
3. Are your eyes the same colour as mine or different from mine?
4. Is your hair the same colour as mine or different from mine?
5. Are your trousers the same colour as mine or different from mine?
6. Do you keep your money in the same bank as I do or in a different Bank?
7. Do you come to work at the same time as your boss or at a different time?
8. Do you leave home at the same time or a different time than your wife/girlfriend?
9. Does Madrid have the same problems as Mexico City?
10. Do you live in same country as I do or a different country?
 11. Do you work in the same place as my brother does or a different place from him?
12. Are you going to leave this class at the same time as I do or a different time?

27.21 Pic 67 - Reported speech (Student reads through paragraph a few times first and then ask questions)

Dialogue 1
T: What did Phillip ask Nigel?
S: He asked him if he had ever been to Yellowstone Park.
T: What did Nigel say?
S: He said that he’d never been there.
T: And then what did he ask him?
S: He asked him if he enjoyed visiting national parks.
T: And what did Nigel say?
S: He said that he didn’t know because he hadn’t been to one in 20 years.
T: And then what did Phillip tell Nigel?
S: He told him that he was going to make reservations for him and his wife.
T: What did Nigel ask?
S: He asked if Phillip was sure if his wife would like visiting a park.
T: And what did Phillip say?
S: He said that everyone enjoyed Yellowstone Park.

Dialogue 2
T: What did Ines ask Francois?
S: She asked him if he was planning to come to Seville this summer.
T: What did Francois say?
S: He said that he’d already booked a ticket for late June.
T: And then what did she ask him?
S: She asked him how long he would be there.
T: And what did Francois say?
S: He said that he wanted to learn Spanish, so he’d be there for 2 months.
T: And then what did Ines ask?
S: She asked him if he wanted her to look for an apartment for him.
T: And what did Francois say?
S: He said don’t worry because he has a friend in Seville who has an extra bedroom.
T: And what did Ines say?
S: She said that he was going to like living there.

Dialogue 3
T: What did Luigi ask Ana?
S: He asked her if she had spoken to the man in Stuttgart.
T: What did Ana say?
S: She said that he was away on a business trip.
T: And then what did he ask her?
S: He asked her when he would get back.
T: And what did Ana say?
S: She said that his secretary told her that he would be back in the morning.
T: And then what did Luigi ask?
S: He asked her if she had sent him the report.
T: And what did Ana say?
S: She said that she had sent it to him by email.
T: And what did Luigi say?
S: He said that it was important for him to read it tomorrow.
Dialogue 4
T: What did Paula ask Tom?
S: She asked him if he had a pen.
T: What did Tom say?
S: He said that he didn’t have one but that he had a pencil.
T: And then what did she say?
S: She said that she needed a pen.
T: And what did Tom ask?
S: He asked her why she needed a pen.
T: And then what did Paula say?
S: She said because she had to sign a document.
T: And what did Tom ask?
S: He asked her what kind of document she had to sign.
T: And what did Paula say?
S: She said that she was applying for a visa to the United States.

28.11 Present or 2nd Conditional

1. If you spoke perfect English, would you come to this class?

2. If you were a multimillionaire, would you continue with English?
3. If you won a million dollars, would you give me half of it?
4. If you were the President of Spain, would you raise taxes?
5. If you had 10 children, could you support them? (Would you be able to)
6. If I gave you a million dollars, would you thank me

30. 22 Worth it

1. I’m planning to spend 1000 euros to learn Turkish

2. I’m going to spend 2000 euros on an IT course
3. I’m going to divorce my wife and live with Shakira
4. I’m going to give up teaching and become a Civil Servant
5. I’m going to learn ballroom dancing
6. I’m going to spend 10 euros on the lottery this weekend
7. I’m going to start my own business producing and selling disposable socks
8. I’m planning to climb Killamanjairo this year
9. I’m going to run in the next London marathon
10.