Clean Energy, 2020, 1–7

doi: 10.1093/ce/zkaa021
Advance Access Publication Date: 18 December 2020
Homepage: https://academic.oup.com/ce

Research Article

Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ce/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ce/zkaa021/6041497 by guest on 31 December 2020

Design and characteristic analysis of vibration feeding
system for coal-gas dust-removal medium
Bing Liu*, Lixin He, Xianglong Zhao, Qiang Qin and Yi Guo
National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy, CHN Energy Investment, Beijing 102211, P.R. China
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]

Abstract
A vibration feeder is a piece of equipment for rationing and conveying powder, particle and block materials. In order to
test the regeneration performance of de-dusting medium for high-temperature coal gas, a set of de-dusting medium-
feeding systems was designed quantitatively. The de-dusting medium-feeding system is used in the gasification
process for cleaning coal gas. The system is mainly composed of a hopper unit, control unit and feeding unit. In order to
optimize the feeding stability of the coal-gas dust-removal medium vibration feeding system, the setting and scope of
the following design factors and operating factors are investigated. Specifically, it includes the influence of gate-valve-
opening adjustment of the control unit on the feeding stability of a vibrating feeding system; the influence of the gap
size of the dipleg of the control unit on the feeding sensitivity of the vibration system; the influence of the particle size
of the de-dusting medium on the operating range of the vibrating feeding system; the influence of the digitization of
the working-current indicator of electromagnetic vibrating feeders on measurement variation and the process variation
of a vibration feeding system. This vibration feeding system can realize the function of precise and quantitative feeding
of the de-dusting medium, which can meet the design requirements of subsequent experimental research.

Graphical abstract
800 1.0 200
µF
700 σF
0.9 180
σF / µF 0.8 160
600
0.7 140
σF / kg.h–1
µF / kg.h–1

500 0.6 120

σF / µF

De-dusting medium
400 0.5 100
Gate valve

300 Suspension spring Fastening bolt 0.4 80

Sleeve
Suspension spring
0.3 60
200 Vibration feeder
0.2 40
100 0.1 20
0 0.0 0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Valve opening φ
The standard deviation of the coal gas de-dusting medium is
larger and the stability of the coal gas de-dusting medium is poor
when the gate valve has a larger opening.

Keywords: vibrating feed system; coal-gas dust-removal medium; feeding stability; feeding sensitivity; measurement
variation; process variation; gasification

Received: 13 July 2020; Accepted: 22 October 2020

© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any 1
medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected]
 2 | Clean Energy, 2020, Vol. XX, No. XX

Introduction clean coal gas. We established a new method to recycle the

coal-gas dust-removal medium and verified its validation.
A vibration feeder is a piece of equipment used for the quan-
The design and characteristics of the vibration feeding
titative supply and transportation of powder, particles and
system can satisfy technological requirements. In view of
bulk materials. According to the process development of
the advantages of the vibration feeder mentioned above
its working principle, the feeding mode can be divided into
and the design experience [2, 14–18] and theory of the pre-
reciprocating feeding, electromagnetic vibration feeding,
vious research [19–24], a hanging linear reciprocating type
motor vibration feeding and mechanical vibration feeding
of vibration feeder was introduced as the key technical
[1]. The structures of vibration feeders can be mainly div-
component to control the quantitative feeding of coal-gas
ided into two types: the linear reciprocating method and
dust-removal medium. In this study, the structure design

Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ce/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ce/zkaa021/6041497 by guest on 31 December 2020

the spiral twisting method [2]. The vibration feeder can
of the coal-gas dust-removal medium-feeding system is
not only continuously and uniformly ration feeding [3],
optimized and metering the control function of the vibra-
but also has the advantages of a simple structure, stable
tion feeder is modified to improve the feeding precision of
operation and high energy efficiency. Therefore, vibration
the coal-gas dust-removal medium, so that the output of
feeders are widely used in the screening process of coal-
the coal-gas dust-removal medium can be supplied stably
preparation plants [4] and the quantitative batching pro-
and accurately.
cesses of the rubber industry, fertilizer industry [5], food
processing, light industry, metallurgical manufacturing in-
dustries [6, 7], the weighing and automatic packaging pro-
cesses of commodities [8, 9] and bulk powder or particle 1 Material and apparatus
material transport or transfer processes [10, 11]. The coal-gas dust-removal medium used in this study
In order to test the regeneration performance of a high- is metal-oxide ceramic balls with particle sizes of 3 and
temperature coal-gas dust-removal medium, a set of quan- 6 mm, and the heap density is ~1.25 kg·m–3.
titative feeding systems was designed to precisely control The vibration feeding system of the coal-gas dust-
the amount of coal-gas dust-removal medium [12, 13]. The removal medium is mainly composed of three units:
vibration feeding system is used to supply the coal-gas holding, controlling and feeding. Its structure and size are
dust-removal medium accurately for the next regeneration shown in Fig. 1a. The holding unit of the coal-gas dust-
of equipment for a fresh coal-gas dust-removal medium, removal medium is a conical vessel with a volume of
which is coupled in the process of coal gasification for ~1.2 m3 and a maximum capacity of ~1.5 tons of coal-gas

A B
φ 1250
De-dusting medium

Gate valve
500

Fastening bolt
Suspension
Sleeve
spring
Suspension spring

Vibration feeder
300 × 120
1150

φ 250

Fig. 1: Structure diagram of a vibration feeding system of de-dusting medium

 Liu et al. | 3

dust-removal medium. The controlling unit consists of a 2.1 Influence of the gate-valve opening on the
manual DN200 square gate valve and a square sleeve with stability of the de-dusting-medium feeding
adjustable height forming different gap sizes of the dis- To test the influence of the gate-valve opening on the
charge port, as shown in Fig. 1b. The gate-valve opening coal-gas dust-removal medium-feeding stability of the
can be adjusted from 0% to 100%, which can directly cut off vibration feeding system, the gate-valve opening was set
and restore the supply of de-dusting medium. The height to 100%, 50%, 35% and 20%, respectively, at the operation
adjustment of the feeding leg sleeve can control the dis- condition of the electromagnetic vibration-feeder current
tance between the feeding-tube bottom and the chute of 1.0 A for 6-mm coal-gas dust-removal medium. The dur-
plane of the vibration feeder. The feeding unit is a sus- ation of each working condition was 2 min and the test
pended electromagnetic vibration feeder and the actual results are shown in Fig. 2.

Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ce/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ce/zkaa021/6041497 by guest on 31 December 2020

equipment is shown in Fig. 1c. It can be seen from the test results in Fig. 2 that, as the
The electromagnetic actuator of the vibration feeder is gate-valve opening increases, the coal-gas dust-removal
driven by the XK-II silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) power medium-feeding quantity decreases. Spline interpolation
supply. The input of the power supply is 220 V/50 Hz AC was performed on the average value of the coal-gas dust-
and the output RMS value of the voltage is 0–90 V DC. The removal medium flow rate, μF, under the four opening
adjustable range of the working-condition current indi- degrees of the gate valve, and the influence curve of con-
cator is 0–5 A. The instruments employed in the test are tinuous changes in the gate-valve opening on the mean
five containers for particulate materials, one electronic value of the coal-gas dust-removal medium flow rate is
balance for measuring the mass of particulate materials obtained, as shown in Fig. 3.
and one stopwatch for testing duration. It can be analysed from the structure of the vibra-
tion feeding system for coal-gas dust-removal me-
dium shown in Fig. 1 that the opening of the gate valve
2 Results and analysis controls the volume flow rate of the falling coal-gas dust-
In order to optimize the stability of the vibration feed removal medium. In principle, the greater the opening
system of coal-gas dust-removal medium, the following degree of the gate valve, the greater the feeding quantity
design factors and operating factors were investigated: of the coal-gas dust-removal medium will be, as shown
the influence of the gate-valve-opening adjustment of the in Fig. 3, in which the coal-gas dust-removal medium-
control unit on the stability of the feed quantity of the vi- feeding quantity varies with the opening degree of
bration feeding system; the influence of the gap-size ad- the gate valve from 0% to ~20%. However, with further
justment of the discharging port on the feeding sensitivity opening of the degree increment of the gate valve from
of the vibration system; the influence of the particle size ~20% to 100%, the gravity of more coal-gas dust-removal
of the coal-gas dust-removal medium on the operating medium in the silo directly acts on the chute plane of
range of the feed quantity of the vibration feeding system; the vibration feeder under the feeding leg through the
the influence of the digital modification of the working- force chain of particulate matter. Due to the influence
condition current indicator of the electromagnetic vibra- of the weight of the coal-gas dust-removal medium, the
tion feeder on the measurement variation and process amplitude of the vibration feeder is limited and it cannot
variation of the vibration feeding system. provide more feeding capacity at the same vibration fre-
quency. Therefore, when the opening of the gate valve
increases from ~20% to 100%, as shown in Fig. 3, the
feeding volume of the coal-gas dust-removal medium
900
100% 50% 35% 20%
800 1.0 200
750 µF
700 σF
0.9 180
600 σF / µF 0.8 160
600
0.7 140
F / kg.h–1

σF / kg.h–1
µF / kg.h–1

500 0.6 120

450
σF / µF

400 0.5 100

300 300 0.4 80
0.3 60
200
150 0.2 40
100 0.1 20
0 0 0.0 0
1 2 3 4 5 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Test sequence Valve opening φ

Fig. 2: Variation of de-dusting medium feeding under different gate- Fig. 3: Influence of the opening of the gate valve on the stability of
valve openings in the vibration feeding system de-dusting medium feeding in the vibration feeding system
 4 | Clean Energy, 2020, Vol. XX, No. XX

vibration feeding system does not increase further, but 1600

dball:
slowly decreases.
1400 6mm
Similarly, the standard deviation of the coal-gas dust- Gap size:
removal medium-feeding quantity σF under four gate-valve 1200 3.6 cm
openings is processed by spline interpolation and the in- 1.0 cm
1000

Fball / kg.h–1
fluence curve of continuous changes in gate-valve open-
ings on the standard deviation of the coal-gas dust-removal 800
medium-feeding quantity is obtained, as shown in Fig. 3. In
600
order to measure the stability of the coal-gas dust-removal
medium-feed quantity, the ratio of the standard deviation of 400

Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ce/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ce/zkaa021/6041497 by guest on 31 December 2020

the feeding quantity to the mean of the feeding quantity σF/μF
is defined as the stability of the feeding quantity. As illus- 200
trated in Fig. 3, when the gate-valve opening decreases from 0
100% to ~30%, the σF/μF value of the coal-gas dust-removal 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
medium feed decreases—that is, the stability increases. I /A
However, when the gate-valve opening is further reduced
Fig. 4: Influence of the gap of the discharge port in the vibration feeding
from ~30%, the σF/μF value of the de-dusting medium feeding system on the feeding range of de-dusting medium
increases—that is, the stability is slightly worse.
It is not difficult to understand that the larger the opening port decreases from 3.6 to 1.0 cm, the feeding range is re-
degree of the gate valve, the closer the feeding process of the duced and the control sensitivity decreases from 3000 to
coal-gas dust-removal medium is to the flow process of a 1500 kg·h–1·A–1, so the feeding volume becomes easy to
continuous medium. At this point, the coal-gas dust-removal control. With a decrease in the gap of the discharge port,
medium-feeding volume is relatively impacted by the ma- the flow of the de-dusting medium changes from a con-
terial level in the hopper. Therefore, the standard deviation tinuous medium to a discrete medium, and the stability of
of the coal-gas dust-removal medium is larger and the sta- the feed decreases slightly.
bility of the coal-gas dust-removal medium is poor when the The maximum operating current of the electromag-
gate valve has a larger opening. On the contrary, when the netic vibration feeder used in this study is 2.0 A. It is ex-
valve opening is lower, the coal-gas dust-removal medium pected that the whole vibration feeding system can be
flow through the gap of the gate valve is more reflected as a controllable and adjustable in the range of 600–1200 kg·h–1.
discrete medium. The random fluctuation of the flow rate of Therefore, the gap size of the discharging port is set as
the discrete medium, namely the standard deviation of the 1.0 cm to meet the requirements of subsequent tests.
feed quantity, will be amplified by the relatively small feed For the same size of a 6-mm diameter of coal-gas dust-
quantity, which reflects the relatively poor stability. removal medium materials, the curves of the flow rate
Through the influence of adjusting the gate-valve- as a function of the current demonstrate two shapes, de-
opening degree on the stability of the feeding quantity of pending on the different conditions of the gap size of the
the de-dusting medium vibration feeding system, the pre- dipleg. It can be concluded from the experimental results
liminary determination is that a gate-valve-opening de- that the flow rates of coal-gas dust-removal medium in-
gree of 30% is more appropriate. crease sharply during the process of improving the working
current of the vibrator for two gap sizes of the dipleg. It is
clear that the flow rate of the de-dusting-medium mater-
2.2 The influence of the gap adjustment of ials cannot be controlled easily during the sharp-increase
the discharge port on the sensitivity of the section. However, a gap size of 1.0 cm is much better than
de-dusting medium-feeding amount that of 3.6 cm, because the flow rate is more controllable
In order to test the sensitivity of the gap adjustment of the for the 1.0-cm gap size. The curve shape appears to be ex-
discharging port on the volume flow rate of the de-dusting ponential. For the gap size of 3.6 cm, the sharp-increase
medium, the feed volume of the de-dusting medium of section is incomplete from 0 to 1600 kg·h–1. In fact, the
6 mm under the different working current of the elec- curve shape of the 3.6-cm gap size is also exponential with
tromagnetic vibration feeder was analysed when the gap the current, although a flow rate of >1600 kg·h–1 is mean-
sizes of the discharge port were set as 3.6 and 1.0 cm, re- ingless for this experiment.
spectively. The gate-valve opening was ~30% and the dur-
ation of each working condition was 2 min. The test results
are shown in Fig. 4. 2.3 Influence of the particle size of the
As illustrated in Fig. 4, the gap size of the discharging de-dusting medium on the operating range of
port in the vibration feeding system has a great influ- the feed quantity
ence on the feeding range and sensitivity of the coal-gas The coal-gas de-dusting medium is ceramic metal-oxide
dust-removal medium. When the gap size of the feeding particulate matter with uniform particle size, the fluidity
 Liu et al. | 5

of which in the same conveying equipment is different. size is better than that with a large particle size and is
For the preparation of follow-up studies and experiments, closer to that of a continuous medium.
the feeding quantity of the second type of coal-gas dust-
removal medium with a particle size of 3 mm on the vi-
bration feeding system was tested and the influence of the 2.4 Measurement variation and process
particle size of the coal-gas dust-removal medium on the variation of a vibration feeding system
operating range of the feeding quantity of the vibration The core of the vibration feeding system is the electromag-
feeding system was obtained, as shown in Fig. 5. netic vibration feeder. During the regeneration process,
In combination with Figs 4 and 5, it can be seen that it is directly driven by its power-supply equipment—an
the coal-gas dust-removal medium-feeding amount of the SCR power-supply module, so as to directly control the

Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ce/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ce/zkaa021/6041497 by guest on 31 December 2020

vibration feeding system does not always increase linearly de-dusting medium-feeding amount. As a finished product
with an increase in the working current, which can be with good packaging, with the SCR power supply applied
roughly divided into the starting stage, the conveying stage to the actual test process, it is inevitable to have design de-
and the limit stage. During the vibration-initiation stage, fects, so the cost of the test measurement brings difficul-
the electromagnetic vibration feeder cannot normally ini- ties for precision assurance. As the XK-II SCR power supply
tiate vibration due to the back-loading effect of the coal- was used in this study, the maximum working-condition
gas dust-removal medium in the silo on the chute plane, current and current-indicator range are seriously mis-
and the conveying quantity of the coal-gas dust-removal matched, and the mechanical-pointer current-indicator
medium is almost zero. When the working-condition cur- reading is not accurate enough, resulting in the loss of
rent goes above the starting stage, the conveying amount precision control of the coal-gas dust-removal medium
of the de-dusting medium of the vibration feeding system feed. For this reason, the current display of the SCR power
approximately increases linearly with the working- supply is digitally modified to improve the control ac-
condition current. Good vibration-feeding-system design curacy of the coal-gas dust-removal medium feeding,
should make the conveying stage as widely distributed as and the test results before and after the modification are
possible on the operating conditions, such as the operating analysed by measuring tools. The comparison results are
current. The limit stage represents the design limit of the shown in Fig. 6.
whole set of the vibration feeding system. The coal-gas It can be seen from Fig. 6 that digital transformation of
dust-removal medium-feeding quantity no longer in- the current indicator of the SCR power supply of the elec-
creases further with an increase in the working-condition tromagnetic vibration feeder improves the measurement
current—that is, the conveying-quantity limit designed for accuracy significantly, and both the repetitive value (EV)
the vibration feeding system should be higher than the and the reproducibility value (AV) have been decreased
maximum conveying quantity of the de-dusting medium according to the analysis results. It shows that the error
required by the test. of the measurement system is improved obviously. In this
It can also be seen from Fig. 5 that, for the same set study, the influence of the design factor and the operation
of vibration feeding systems, the limit feeding amount of factor of the vibration feeding system on the coal-gas
the de-dusting medium with a small particle size is higher dust-removal medium-feeding amount is evaluated based
than that with a large particle size. It can be seen that the on the test results of the digital modification of the SCR
fluidity of the de-dusting medium with a small particle power-supply current indicator.

2500 3 Conclusions
This paper focuses on the design of the vibration feeding
2000 system for coal-gas dust-removal medium. The influence
of the design factors and operation factors of the vibration
Fball / kg.h–1

1500 feeding system on the precise control of the coal-gas dust-

removal medium feeding was investigated.
1000 The opening degree of the gate valve in the vibration
feeding system can not only affect the quantity of the
coal-gas dust-removal medium, but also affects the sta-
500
dp = 6mm bility of the coal-gas dust-removal medium feeding. When
dp = 3mm the opening degree is greater, the quantity of material
0
0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 stored in the silo has a remarkable effect on the stability
of the coal-gas dust-removal medium feeding. When the
I /A
gate valve is approximately closed, the particle properties
Fig. 5: Influence of the particle size of the de-dusting medium on the and characteristics of the coal-gas dust-removal medium
operating range of the feeding quantity of the vibration feeding system flow pattern are more obvious, which makes the random
 6 | Clean Energy, 2020, Vol. XX, No. XX

A B

1400 1400
1300 1300
1200 1200

Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ce/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ce/zkaa021/6041497 by guest on 31 December 2020

1100 1100
F/(kg.h–1)

F/(kg.h–1)
1000 1000
900 900
800 800
700 700
600 600
1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 I/A 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 I/A
He Liu Operator He Liu Operator
120 120
100 100
80 80
60
S/(kg.h–1)
S/(kg.h–1)

60
40 40
20 20
0
0
1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 I/A 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 I/A
He Liu Operator He Liu Operator

Fig. 6: Influence of the digital modification of the SCR current indicator on the measurement variation and process variation of the vibration feeding
system of de-dusting medium

fluctuation in the case of a low feed volume more obvious The digital reconstruction of the working-condition cur-
and the stability of the feed volume is damaged. It can be rent indicator of the electromagnetic vibration feeder can
concluded from the experiments of this research that the obviously reduce the measurement variation and process
gate valve is optimized at ~30% open. variation of the whole set of vibration feeding systems, and im-
The gap adjustment of the discharge port in the prove the repeatability and reproducibility of the whole set of
vibration-feeder system affects the sensitivity of the vibration feeding systems for coal-gas dust-removal medium.
working current of the vibration feeder to the amount of In summary, the vibration feeding system can realize
coal-gas dust-removal medium. A larger gap in the feeding the function of precise and quantitative feeding for coal-
port makes the working current of the vibrating feeder gas dust-removal medium, which can meet the design re-
control the feeding quantity of the de-dusting medium in quirements of subsequent experimental research.
an uneasy way and the feeding quantity easily changed.
The gap size of the discharge port should be designed to
meet the adjustment range of the coal-gas dust-removal
medium-feeding quantity evenly distributed in the adjust- Conflict of Interest
able range of the working current of the electromagnetic None declared.
vibration feeder. Generally, it should not exceed twice the
particle size.
The particle size of the de-dusting medium affects the
working-current-regulation range of the electromagnetic References
vibration feeder. The larger the particle size, the wider [1] Yin Z, Zhang L, Tian H. Study and development of vibratory
the adjustable range of the operating current; the smaller feeder. Metallurgical Equipment, 2010, 5:49–54.
[2] Wang Y, Zhou H. Determining principles of the parameters
the particle size, the narrower the adjustable range of the
for electromagnetic vibrating feeder. China Rubber Plast Recycl
operating current. The experiments show that the 6- and
Technol, 2010, 36:33–38.
3-mm coal-gas dust-removal medium particles used in [3] Tardos G, Lu Q. Precision dosing of powders by vibration and
this study meet the requirements of the adjustable feeding screw feeders: an experimental study. Adv Powder Technol,
range for subsequent experimental studies. 1996, 7:51–58.
 Liu et al. | 7

[4] Liu X. Application of electromagnetic vibration feeder in [15] You S. Overview of vibration feeder design. Science Information,
Liuhe coal preparation plant. Coal Mine Modernization, 2016, 2007, 5:64.
6:19–20. [16] Yue W, Su Y, Shao W. Combined application of vibrating
[5] Chen X. Common causes and countermeasures of urea granu- feeder and valve in bulk material system. Modern Mining, 2012,
lation system. Chem Eng Des Commun, 2019, 45:6–8. 27:140–142.
[6] Li Y. Design and application of automatic system for mag- [17] Yang Z, Liu Y, Mu Z. Development of adjustable outlet of
netic separator in Sangang. Modern Industrial Economy vibrating feeder. Mining Processing Equipment, 2007, 8:82–84.
Informationization, 2019, 9:32–34. [18] Ma X, Wang L, Zhu D. Structural improvement of electro-
[7] Zhang X. How to improve the accuracy of alloy addition in re- magnetic vibration feeder frame. Mining Processing Equipment,
fining process. Metrology Measurement Technique, 2019, 46:76–77. 2013, 41:139–140.
[8] Zhang W, Kou D, Guan M, et al. Application study of CS1237 [19] Bhattachar SN, Hedden DB, Olsofsky AM, et al. Evaluation of

Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ce/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ce/zkaa021/6041497 by guest on 31 December 2020

in automatic weighing bagging machine. Hubei Agricultural the vibratory feeder method for assessment of powder flow
Mechanization, 2019, 18:145–146. properties. Int J Pharm, 2004, 269:385–392.
[9] Qin Y. Factors affecting the output of rotary cement packer [20] Buzzoni M, Battarra M, Mucchi E, et al. Motion analysis of a
and fault diagnosis. Cement, 2018, 8:5–37. linear vibration feeder: dynamic modeling and experimental
[10] Shi W, Wu J, Yu C, et al. Research and analysis of coal vibraring verification. Mech Mach Theory, 2017, 114:98–110.
feeder in coal ports of China. Coal Engineering, 2018, 50:145–149. [21] Chandravanshi M, Mukhopadhyay A. Dynamic analysis of vi-
[11] Chen Y, Li W, Chai B. Wet discharge technology for large bulk bration feeder and their effect on feed particle speed on con-
terminal unloading machinery. Equipment Technology, 2018, veying surface. Measurement, 2017, 101:145–156.
10:172–173. [22] Despotović Ž, Urukalo D, Lei M, et al. Mathematical modeling
[12] Parameswaran M, Ganapathy S. Vibration conveying—ana- of resonant linear vibration conveyor with electromagnetic
lysis and design: a review. Mech Mach Theory, 1979, 14:89–97. excitation: simulations and experimental results. Appl Math
[13] Yeong M, De Vries W. A methodology for part feeder design. Model, 2017, 41:1–24.
CIRP Annals, 1994, 43:19–22. [23] Lim G. On the conveying velocity of a vibration feeder.
[14] Lu J. Research on the design of electromagnetic vibration Computers Structures, 1997, 62:197–203.
quantitative feeding system. Manufacture Engineering Design, [24] Pahor-Filho E, Pereira M, De Stéfani M. A vibrating feeder tray
2019, 5:83–84 + 87. improves bullfrog production. Aquacult Eng, 2015, 68:6–9.