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    Worked Examples On Buoyancy and Floatation

    Uploaded by

    Mekuanint Shitaw
    The document provides examples and solutions for calculating buoyancy, weight displacement, and metacentric height of objects submerged in water. It includes 5 examples of applying principles of buoyancy and floatation to blocks, spheres, and ship pontoons to determine weight, volume displaced, and stability. Diagrams and calculations are presented for each example problem.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Worked Examples On Buoyancy and Floatation

    Uploaded by

    Mekuanint Shitaw
    119 views8 pages
    The document provides examples and solutions for calculating buoyancy, weight displacement, and metacentric height of objects submerged in water. It includes 5 examples of applying principles of buoyancy and floatation to blocks, spheres, and ship pontoons to determine weight, volume displaced, and stability. Diagrams and calculations are presented for each example problem.

    Original Description:

    Fluid Mechanics

    Original Title

    Worked Examples on Buoyancy and Floatation

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    The document provides examples and solutions for calculating buoyancy, weight displacement, and metacentric height of objects submerged in water. It includes 5 examples of applying principles of buoyancy and floatation to blocks, spheres, and ship pontoons to determine weight, volume displaced, and stability. Diagrams and calculations are presented for each example problem.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    119 views8 pages

    Worked Examples On Buoyancy and Floatation

    Uploaded by

    Mekuanint Shitaw
    The document provides examples and solutions for calculating buoyancy, weight displacement, and metacentric height of objects submerged in water. It includes 5 examples of applying principles of buoyancy and floatation to blocks, spheres, and ship pontoons to determine weight, volume displaced, and stability. Diagrams and calculations are presented for each example problem.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    Fluid Mechanics

    Dear students you are responsible for preparing yourself in acquiring knowledge on an
    introduction to this course Fluid Mechanics. Here are some worked examples focused on the
    3rd chapter of the course which is buoyancy and floatation, and

    You all please exercise yourself on each chapter, and while you are reading it will be clear, but
    if any confusion or ambiguities happen you can ask and we will do it together okay.

    Worked examples on buoyancy and floatation

    Example #A Buoyancy Principle:

    A bock of concrete weighs 100lbf in air and weighs only 60lbf when immersed in a fresh water
    (γw =62.4 lbf/ft3). What is the average specific weight of the block?

    Solution:

    Unit conversions;

    A free body diagram of submerged block (see fig.1 below) shows a balance between the apparent
    weight, buoyant force, and the actual weight.

    Fig.1

    ~1~
    Fluid Mechanics

    ( )( )

    ( )( )

    Example #B Buoyancy Principle:

    A spherical object of 1.45m diameter is completely immersed in a water reservoir and chained to
    the bottom. If the chain has a tension of 5.20 KN, find the weight of the object when it is taken
    out of reservoir in to the air.

    Solution:

    ~2~
    Fluid Mechanics

    ( ) ( )

    ( )

    [ ( ) ]

    Example #C Metacentric Height (Analytical Method)

    A wooden block of specific gravity 0.75 floats in water. If the size of the block 1m*0.5m*0.4m,
    find the metacentric height.

    Fig. 2

    Solution

    ( ) ( )

    Let depth of immersion = h meters

    Weight of water displaced = specific weight of water *volume of the wood submerged in water

    ( )

    ~3~
    Fluid Mechanics

    For equilibrium

    Weight of wooden block = weight of water displaced

    Therefore distance of center of buoyancy from bottom

    And

    Also,

    Where I is moment of inertia of rectangular section

    And V, is volume of displaced fluid (or volume of wood in water)

    We know that metacentric height,

    ~4~
    Fluid Mechanics

    Example #D Metacentric Height (Analytical Method)

    A solid of 200mm diameter and 800mm length has its base 20mm thick and of specific gravity of
    6. The remaining part of the cylinder specific gravity 0.6. State if it can float vertically in water.

    Fig. 3

    Solution

    Given

    Dia. of cylinder =200mm=0.2m

    Area of the cylinder

    Length of the cylinder = 800mm = 0.8m

    Thickness of base = 20mm = 0.02m

    Sp. gra. of base = 6, sp. gra. of remaining portion = 0.6

    Distance between combined center of gravity (G) and the bottom of the cylinder (O)

    Let us assume GO = moment arm for a vertical uniformly distributed self-load on the cylinder.

    ~5~
    Fluid Mechanics

    Then the arm length can be calculated as

    ( )
    ( )

    * ( )+ * +
    ( ) ( )

    Combined sp. gra. of the cylinder

    ( ) ( )

    ( )

    Where I is moment of inertia of the circular section

    ~6~
    Fluid Mechanics

    Volume of the displaced fluid;

    Then metacentric height

    The negative sign indicates that the metacenter (M) is below the center of gravity (G), thus
    cylinder is in unstable equilibrium and it cannot float vertically in water.

    ~7~
    Fluid Mechanics

    Example #E Metacentric Height (Experimental Method)

    A weight of 100KN is moved through a distance of 8 meters across the deck of a pontoon of
    7500KN displacement floating in a water this makes a pendulum 2.5meters long to move
    through 120mm horizontally. Calculate the metacentric height of the pontoon.

    Solution

    Weight of the movable load, W1=100KN

    Distance through which load is moved, z=8m

    Weight of pontoon, W=7500KN

    Length of the plumb bob, l=2.5m

    Displacement of the plumb bob, d=120mm= 0.12m

    Let, GM =metacentric height of the pontoon

    Using the relation

    ~8~

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