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2 - Sound and Waveforms

The document discusses sound waves and waveforms, including that sound is produced by vibration, vibrations cause air molecules to oscillate creating a pressure change and sound wave, a waveform carries information like frequency, intensity and timbre, and frequency and amplitude determine pitch and loudness of sound.

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outanoute
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39 views35 pages

2 - Sound and Waveforms

The document discusses sound waves and waveforms, including that sound is produced by vibration, vibrations cause air molecules to oscillate creating a pressure change and sound wave, a waveform carries information like frequency, intensity and timbre, and frequency and amplitude determine pitch and loudness of sound.

Uploaded by

outanoute
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sound and waveforms

Valerio Velardo
Sound

● Produced by vibration of an object


● Vibrations cause air molecules to oscillate
● Change in air pressure creates a wave
Mechanical wave

● Oscillation that travels through space


● Energy travels from one point to another
● The medium is deformed
Sound wave
Sound wave
Sound wave
Sound wave
Sound wave
Waveform
Waveform

● Carries multifactorial information:


○ Frequency
○ Intensity
○ Timbre
Periodic and aperiodic sound
Waveform
Frequency

period
Frequency

period
Amplitude

amplitude
Phase

phase
Frequency and amplitude
Frequency Amplitude

higher frequency -> higher sound


Frequency and amplitude
Frequency Amplitude

larger amplitude -> louder


Hearing range
Hearing range
Pitch

● Logarithmic perception
● 2 frequencies are perceived similarly if they differ by a power of 2
Midi notes
Midi notes
Midi notes
Midi notes
Midi notes
Midi notes

440 Hz
Midi notes

440 Hz 880 Hz
Pitch-frequency chart
Mapping pitch to frequency
Mapping pitch to frequency
Mapping pitch to frequency
Cents

● Octave divided in 1200 cents


● 100 cents in a semitone
● Noticeable pitch difference: 10-25 cents
What’s up next?

● Intensity, power, loudness


● Timbre
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