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    Production of Chlorobenzene

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    Yosua ardian
    1) Chlorobenzene is produced industrially by reacting liquid benzene with gaseous chlorine using Lewis acids like FeCl3 as catalysts. This produces chlorobenzene as well as byproducts like hydrogen chloride and dichlorobenzene. 2) A flowsheet is presented involving mixing benzene and chlorine, heating the mixture in a reactor to produce products, separating gases like hydrogen chloride, and using two distillation columns to obtain 95% pure chlorobenzene while recycling unreacted benzene. 3) Simulation results are provided for stream properties and compositions at each stage, showing the process can produce high purity chlorobenzene.

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    Production of Chlorobenzene

    Uploaded by

    Yosua ardian
    112 views2 pages
    1) Chlorobenzene is produced industrially by reacting liquid benzene with gaseous chlorine using Lewis acids like FeCl3 as catalysts. This produces chlorobenzene as well as byproducts like hydrogen chloride and dichlorobenzene. 2) A flowsheet is presented involving mixing benzene and chlorine, heating the mixture in a reactor to produce products, separating gases like hydrogen chloride, and using two distillation columns to obtain 95% pure chlorobenzene while recycling unreacted benzene. 3) Simulation results are provided for stream properties and compositions at each stage, showing the process can produce high purity chlorobenzene.

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    Production_of_Chlorobenzene

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    1) Chlorobenzene is produced industrially by reacting liquid benzene with gaseous chlorine using Lewis acids like FeCl3 as catalysts. This produces chlorobenzene as well as byproducts like hydrogen chloride and dichlorobenzene. 2) A flowsheet is presented involving mixing benzene and chlorine, heating the mixture in a reactor to produce products, separating gases like hydrogen chloride, and using two distillation columns to obtain 95% pure chlorobenzene while recycling unreacted benzene. 3) Simulation results are provided for stream properties and compositions at each stage, showing the process can produce high purity chlorobenzene.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    112 views2 pages

    Production of Chlorobenzene

    Uploaded by

    Yosua ardian
    1) Chlorobenzene is produced industrially by reacting liquid benzene with gaseous chlorine using Lewis acids like FeCl3 as catalysts. This produces chlorobenzene as well as byproducts like hydrogen chloride and dichlorobenzene. 2) A flowsheet is presented involving mixing benzene and chlorine, heating the mixture in a reactor to produce products, separating gases like hydrogen chloride, and using two distillation columns to obtain 95% pure chlorobenzene while recycling unreacted benzene. 3) Simulation results are provided for stream properties and compositions at each stage, showing the process can produce high purity chlorobenzene.

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    Production of Chlorobenzene from Chlorine And

    Benzene
    Aniruddh Mukunth
    SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur
    Background
    Chlorinated Aromatic Hydrocarbons plays a significant role by acting as a precursor in various
    production process. One such important chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon is monochlorobenzene
    which is predominately used in the production of intermediates such as nitrophenol, nitrophenetole
    and used in other applications such as paints, adhesives, dyes, and drugs as it is a high boiling
    solvent.

    Monochlorobenzene is industrially prepared by reaction of chlorine and liquid benzene with the help
    of Lewis acids like FeCl3 , AlCl3 , MnCl2 which acts as a catalyst. During the production hydrogen
    chloride is obtained as the byproduct and other undesirable compound such as Ortho and Para
    Dichlorobenzene is produced. The amount of production of dichlorobenzene depends on the ratio of
    benzene and chlorine chosen. Hence to achieve desired amount of monochlorobenzene complete
    conversion of benzene is not intended. It is reported that we can obtain a maximum of 73 % of
    monochlorobenzene and 22-23 % of dichlorobenzene and 4-5 % of unreacted benzene under
    suitable conditions when chlorine and benzene is reacted. NRTL is most suitable thermodynamic
    package to simulate the production of monochlorobenzene.

    Description of Flowsheet

    Liquid benzene(S1), gaseous chlorine (S2) and the recycle stream (S3) is fed together as a feed. The
    feed is mixed with the help of mixer (mixer 1) and then heated to around 313.15 K using a heater
    (heater1). The stream is then fed into the conversion reactor where chlorine and benzene react to
    form monochlorobenzene, hydrogen chloride, o-dichlorobenzene, and p-dichlorobenzene. The
    product mixture is then introduced into the compound separator where the components like
    hydrogen chloride and chlorine is separated into material stream (S8) completely. The stream (S7)
    which is rich in monochlorobenzene is sent to a distillation column (DistColumn1) to separate the
    unreacted benzene (S9) that is present. The unreacted benzene can be recycled and used for further
    processing. The stream (S10) is rich in monochlorobenzene is subjected to another distillation
    column (Distcolumn2) to separate from the dichlorobenzene and obtain around 94-95% purity in the
    stream (S11) which is the required product.

    Results
    Stream S1 S2 S3 S6 S8 s11
    Temperature(K) 313.15 313.15 357.921 313.15 313.15 406.38
    Pressure (Pa) 101325 101325 101325 101325 101325 101325
    Mole Flows(mol/s) 12.8022 14.1032 2.2364 29.1418 14.103 10.4546
    Molar Composition
    Benzene 1 0 0.82265 0.080503 0 0.00022
    Chlorine 0 1 0 0.000425 0.0008797 4.44E-16
    Hydrogen Chloride 0 0 2.59E-19 0.483525 0.9912 0
    Monochlorobenzene 0 0 0.17683 0.374825 0 0.956088
    o-dichlorobenzene 0 0 0.00037 0.022537 2.465E-32 0.01113
    p-dichlorobenzene 0 0 0.176832 0.03863 0 0.032579

    Comments and Conclusion


    A flowsheet is built to produce chlorobenzene using chlorine and benzene. A product of high purity
    is obtained using this process. The same flowsheet was simulated in DWSIM which resulted in less
    than 1% error.

    Reference
    (1) Uwe Beck and Eckhard Loser, Chlorinated Benzenes and other Nucleus-Chlorinated Aromatic
    Hydrocarbons in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Vol. 8 (2010), pp. 488- 491.
    (2) Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
    Emissions from Chlorobenzene Production, Chapter 4 in LOCATING AND ESTIMATING AIR
    EMISSIONS FROM SOURCES OF CHLOROBENZENES (REVISED), March 1994.

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