Scribd
Upload
18 views63 pages

Paper Extra 3

Uploaded by

murilooaferreira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
18 views63 pages

Paper Extra 3

Uploaded by

murilooaferreira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 63
15" INTERNATIONAL SHIP AND OFFSHORE STRUCTURES CONGRESS 2003 AUGUST 11-15, 2003 SANDIEGO, USA VOLUME 1 COMMITTEE 1112 FATIGUE AND FRACTURE COMMITTEE MANDATE Concer forerack initiation and growth under cyclic loading as well as unstable crack propagation and tearing in ship and offshore structures, Due attention shall be paid to practical application and Statistical description of fracture conteol methods indesign, fabrication and service. Consideration is to be given tothe suitability and uncertainty of physical models. The work shell be coordinated with that of Committee V2. COMMITTEE MEMBERS Chairman: Dr Feargal Brennan Prof. Weicheng Cui Prof. Lennart Josefson Dr Michail Koval Dr Kyung-Su Kim ‘Mr Mervyn Norwood Dr Ralph Pohl Prof, Rodolfo Teveschi Dr Xiaodhi Wang Dr Stig Wistberg KEYWORDS. Fatigue, Fracture Mechanics, Materials, Stoc!, Aluminium, Titanium, Composites, Improvement Inspection, Repair. 329 CONTENTS | INTRODUCTION 2 LIFE PREDICTION: CURRENT STATE-OP-THE-ART 2.1 Cumulative Fatigue Damage (CFD) Approaches 2.1.1 Stress-based (S-N) Approaches 2.1.2. Multiaxial Fatigue 2.2 Fatigue Crack Propagation (FCP) Approaches 2.2.1 Crack Growth Rate Curve 222 Calculation of the Fatigue Crack Driving Force 223 Various Special Phenomena Relating to Fatigue Crack Propagation 2.2.4 Fatigue Crack Propagation in a Corrosive Environment 2.2.5 FCP Theory Applied to Ship and Offshore Structures, 23 Relationship Betsveen CFD and FCP Theories 2.4 Probabilistic Treatment 2.4.1, Model for Probabilistic CFD Approach 2.4.2 Model for Probabilistic FCP Approach 24.3 Data for Probabilistic Models 2.5 Fatigue Testing of Components 25.1 Large/Full Scale Testing 2.52 Load Sequence Effects 2°53 Structural Details: Effet on the Fatigue Life 3 REFERENCE STRESS 3.1 Numerical Procedures and Extrapolation Methods 3.2 Stress Determination Procedures 3.2.1 Finite Element Analysis 3.2.2 Integral Method 3.2.3 Measurement of the Structural Stress 33 Hot-Spot S-N-Curves 3.4 Misalignment and Fabrication Tolerances 3.5 Mustrative Example 3.5.1 Finite Element Models 3.5.2 Results| 3.52.1 LR 2002), 35.2.2 ABS (2002) 3.52.3 DNV (2001) 3524 GL (2002) 3.53 Discussion of Results 4 FATIGUE LIFE IMPROVEMENT 4.1 Factors in Design 331 333 333 3M 3 335 335 336 337 338 339 339 340 34L 3a 342 343 343 M4 3a MS 347 347 351 351 382 383 354 355 355 356 356 357 387 358 358 359 332 Technical Committee 11.2 4.1.1 Weld Quality 42 Factors in Operation 42.1 Burr Grinding 42.2 TIG Dressing 4.23 Hammer, Needle and Shot Peening 424 Oe Methods ntedingCompreive Stresses atthe Weld 43. Code Development 5 IMPACT OF DEVELOPMENTS IN MATERIALS ON FATIGUE & FRACTURE 5.1 Material Developments 5.2 New Materials & Applications 52.1 522 523 Titanium 52.1.1 Experience 52.1.2 Candidate Grades for Use in Risers 5.2.1.3 Fatigue Properties 5.2.14 Fracture Properties ‘Aluminium 5.2.2.1 Parameters Affecting Crack Growth of Aluminium Materials 5.2.2.2 Vibration Effects 5.2.2.3 Weldments Composites 5.2.31 Fatigue Behaviour and Fatigue Analysis of Composites 5.2.3.2 Corrosion Resistance and Repair of Composites 52.3.3 Composite Application in Marines Structures 6 CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES 360 361 361 362 Fatigue and Fracture 333 1. INTRODUCTION “The Fatigue and Fracture Technical Committee of the ISSC has made a major contribution to the work of ISSC over the decades. This repor of the current committee describes recent activity of the intemational ship and offshore industry and the researchers that support if, with specific regard to ‘current pertinent issues and trends relating to fatigue and fracture. I is important to remember thal the subject area is vas, and that this report should be seen not only inthe context ofthe entire ISSC 2003 proceedings but also as a continuation of past ISSC reports. In addition, the committee choose to focus fon areas commensurate with the expertise of the committee members to build on the vast knowledge base generated by previous committe 11.2 repons. With this in mind, the present report develops curtent topical issues such as reference stress, improvementepair and non-stee! marine materials in Addition to developments in fatigue analysis techniques. Environmental issues are distributed ‘throughout the report and not dealt with as a separate topic. SSC 2000 dealt in detail with developments in fracture, multi axial fatigue and residual stresses. For this reason they have not been give the same degree of attention and instead are mentioned as sub sections of specific topics. Another area that is important inthe field of fatigue and fracture is that of highvfow temperature effects. Although these conditions exist, for example in flow Lines, they have not ‘been specifically addressed in this report due to the highly specialist nature of these applications Inspection and Monitoring is dealt with in detail by Specialist Commitee V.2 (Inspection and Monitoring) and for ths eason has been omitted from this report. In the last two ISSC committee reports (ISSC1997 and IS$C2000), progress in fatigue life prediction ‘methexls was presented in one specific chapter. This format is repeated again asi allows this important topic to be clearly presented in its own right. In this Section, the progress in fatigue lie prediction ‘methods relating to metal stractures in last three years from 2000 to 2002 is reviewed while the fatigue ‘of composite structures is dealt with in Section 5. ‘Section 3 deals with the reference stress issue and aims to build on the findings of the comparative study cartied out in ISSC2000. Instead of conducting a comparative study, it was thought useful 10 provide an illustative example of the implementation of the relevant guidance available for the calculation of hot spot stress. Again i is imporanto note that ABS, GL and DaV at the classification Societies represented on the committe, and whereas every effort was made to include the rules of ‘others, invariably committee memiers will be more familiar with the rules oftheir own organisation. Section 4 considers developments in the highly active area of fatigue life improvement in tems of operation and its treatment in guidance documents and codes. Section 5 looks specifically at ron-seel marine structural material, focussing on Titanium, Aluminium and Composites. ‘An important element of ISSC work is to provide an expert opinion on the subject matter reported. Section 6 summarises the main features of the zoport and makes specific observations on the topics studied particularly with respect to where further work is needed, 2, LIFE PREDICTION: CURRENT STATE-OF-THE-ART ‘Although metal fatigue has boon studied for more than 160 years, many problems still remain to be solved due to the complexity of the subject area. state-of-the-art review of fatigue life prediction methods for metal structures was recently carried out by Cui (2002). 34 Technical Commitee 112 According to Cui (20022), the whole process of fatigue failure for a component can generally be divided into five stages: (1) cack nucleation (aca); (2) microstrutually small crack propagation (

You might also like