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Internet and Web Technology CS504 Shivani Brocode Engineering

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840 views114 pages

Internet and Web Technology CS504 Shivani Brocode Engineering

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blossomdandrew
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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FOLLOW US ON... © @brocodeengineeringofficial ce Brocode Engineering @brocodeengineering £) Brocode Engineering me ery —— UNIT 1: WWW AND HTTP Pt Introduction -Concept of WWW. I HTTP Protocol - Request and Respors oe effective web sare oj web 20 Web Desian - Concepts of ene Features of Wesign sues including Browser, BanOwer Se Cache’ Display resolution, Look and Feel of te Cache Oe tig, User centric din, SHEMEP Planning and publishing website, Designing effective UNIT: HTML Bais of HTML frat od fort fypering, it, fables, mages, FMS ~ TMA, Meta tags, Character ents, ames and frame sas ear retecture and Web ste structure, Overview and featur of HTMLS UUNTTAL:CSS AND JAVASCRIPT— Sheets - Need for CSS, introduction to CSS, basic syntax Ning CSS ground images, colors and frucure, sing CSS, bac oper .. manipulating texts, using fonts, borders and boxes, margins, padding lists ee Posiioning using CSS, CSS2, Overview and features of CSS3 JavaScript - Client side scripting with JavaScript, variables, functions, conditions, loops and repetition, Pop up Boxes ~~ ‘Advance JavaScript - javaScript and objects, JavaScript own ‘objects, the DOM and web browser environments, Manipulation tusing DOM, forms and validations 7 DHTML - Combining HTML, CSS and Javascript, Events and buttons UNITAV: XML AND PHP — XML — Introduction to XML, uses of XML, simple XML, XML key components, DTD and Schemas, Using XML with application, ROTOCOL - temetand WWW color, 1 fonts, commenting code, ‘Transforming XML using XSL and XSLT. o PHP - Introduction and basic syntax of PHP, decision and looping with examples, PHP and HTML, Arrays, Functions, Browser control ‘and detection, string, Form processing, Files : ‘Advance Features — Cookies and Sessions, Object Oriented Programming with PHP : UNIT-V:: PHPAND MYSQL — PHP and MySQL - Basic commands with PHP examples, Connection to server, creating database, selecting a database ... Listing database, listing table names, creating a table, inserting data, altering tables, queries, deleting database, deleting data and tables, PHP myadmin and databasebugs. ie, Web browser and Web InTERNET AND WeB TECHNOLOGY | (V-SEM, ¢5-BRANCH) PAGE NO, {03 to 14) (*1t030) -(30 to 37) (37 to 58) {59 t0 77) soo(TT to 88) (88t092) (93 10 109) (109 to 112) {113 to 138) (137 to 161), (161 to 168) (169 t0 190) (191 to 206) (206 to 240) (211 to 214) (214 10 223) 1 WWW AND HTTP PROTOCOL INTRODUCTION — CONCEPT OF WWW, INTERNET ‘AND WWW. QLI. Discuss in brief the history of WWW. or Define WWW. (RGPY,, June 2016) Ans. The term WWW refers to a set of Internet protocols and software, which together present information to a user in a format called as hypertext. ‘The WWW became popular in mid 1990. Tim Berners-Lee did the primary work in the development of the WWW at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN). The original motivation for the development of the WWW, also known as the Web, was to try and improve the CERN’ research-document handling and sharing mechanisms, CERN was connected to the Internet for over two years, but the scientists were finding for better ways of circulating their scientific papers and information among the high-energy physics research world. Ina couple of years time, Berners-Lee developed the necessary software application for a hypertext server program, and made it available as a fr download on the Internet. This paved the way for the popularity of the Web. This system of hypertext documents called the World Wide Web (WWW), The Web became popular among the scientific community in a short span of time. However, the problem with the Web was the lack of availability of software to read the documents created in the hypertext format, for the general public. In 1993, Mare Andreessen and his team, at the University of Ilinois, Wrote & program known as Mosaic. The Mosaic could read a document created using the hypertext format, and interpret its contents, so that they could be displayed on the user's screen. This program, later called as the world’s first Web browser, opened the gates of the Web for the general public. 4. Internet and Web Technology 0.2. Write the features of WWW. — the most flexible and exiting tools in existence for on eS me posible ora ste io set Pa number i 1, pictures, sound and even video with of pages of information containing text pictures, sown No i le, embedded links to other pages. For example, i: ‘with entries pointing to other pages for product information rice Fn sale, technical support, communication with employes stockholce ai so on. Basic features of the web are as follows — 1m System ~The hypertext is that instead of seating ert aa renrrcture We can skip easily from one point to another. (ii) Graphical and ner to ae web is its ability to display both text an c ‘web, using the Internet involved simple text age, Before ei thsi easily navigable just jump from fink to Tink, from {to page, across sites and servers. machine, or developed by any one company. The web is entirely cross-platform. (j) The Web is Distributed ~ The web is successful in providing so much information is distributed globally across thousands of web sites, each fof which contributes the space for the information it publishes. () The Web is Dynamic — Because information on the web is contained on the site that published its the people who published it in the first place can update it at any time. 0.3. What do you mean by Internet ? Give brief history of Intermet. (RGPV, June 2011) Ans. A network is a group of connected communicating devices such as computers and printers. An intemet (the lowercase letter i) is two or more networks that can communicate with each other. The most notable Internet is. called the Internet (uppercase letter 1), a collaboration of more than hundreds of thousands of interconnected networks. Private individuals as well as various organizations like government agencies, research facilities, corporations, schools, and libraries in more than 100 countries use the Internet, Millions of people are users. In the mid 1960s, mainframe computers in research organizations were stand-alone devices. Computers from different manufacturers were unable to communicate with one another. The Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) in the Department of Defense (DoD) was interested in finding @ vigate — One of the best parts of the ‘graphics in full colour on the same only connections, WWW and HTTP Protocol 5 way to connect computers so that the researchers they funded could share their findings, thereby reducing costs and eliminating duplication of effort. In 1967, at an Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) meeting, ARPA presented its ideas for ARPANET, a small network of connected computers. The idea was that each host computer would be attached to a specialized computer, called an Interface Message Processor (IMP). The IMPs, in turn, would be connected to one another. Each IMP had to be able to ‘communicate with other IMPS as well as with its own attached host. By 1969, ARPANET was a reality. Four nodes, at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), the University of California at Santa Barbara (UCSB), Stanford Research Institute (SRI), and the University of Utah, were connected through the IMPs to form a network. Software called the Network Control Protocol (NCP) provided communication between the hosts. In 1972, Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn, both of whom were part of the core ARPANET group, collaborated on what they called the Internetting project. Cerf and Kahn’s landmark 1973 paper outlined the protocols to achieve end- to-end delivery of packets. This paper on transmission control protocol (TCP) included concepts such as encapsulation, the datagram, and the functions of a gateway. 0.4. How many types of Internet connections are available ? Describe. (RGPY, June 2011) Ans. The different types of Internet connections are as follows — (Dial-up Connections — The dial-up access to Internet isa popular method because itis cheaper. For using this access, the computer should have ‘a modem to connect to the phone system and a software that uses the modem. This software instructs the modem to place a telephone call to the number provided by the ISP. Another modem answers the call by giving the connection at the ISP, Most of the ISPs provide 56 K connection. The 56 K refers to the speed with which the information from the Intemet can travel down the phone line into your computer. The connection is established by dialing up to a specific ISP. (ii) High Speed Connections ~ High speed connections provide information to travel quickly. A lot of Internet services work better at higher speeds with this connection. The basic types of high speed connections are as follows (a) Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL) ~ The computer is always connected to the Intemet with DSL. This technology sends digital data through the existing phone lines to carry Internet services. 6 Intemet and Web Technology wires are used, there is no (b) Cable — Although the same wires are used, theres n interference to or from the telephone calls. The Internet signal ied on the TV cable network. it quire (6) Satellite — This connection require information. It gets data at high speed from the satellite (@) Integrated Services Digital Network (ISP international communications standard for sending voice, video. digital telephone lines or over normal telephone lines. a ‘ brief. 1.5. Explain the Internet hierarchy in organized to form a hierarchy that makes it very simple to understand and operate. Fig, 1.1 shows the different parts of this hierarchy. sa phone line to send ISDN) — It is an and data over Backbone Internet Service Providers USP) End Users Fig. 1.1 The Internet Topology [At the top, there is a very high-speed backbone operated by MCI and at the other end, there are users and businesses. There are intermediate layers of Network Access Providers (NAP) and Internet Service providers (ISP) as shown in the figure. 0.6. What is Internetworking ? Why is it required ? Or Discuss the concepts of Internetworking architecture. (RGPW., Dec. 2010) Ans. When two or more devices have to be connected for sharing data or resources or exchanging messages, we call it networking. When two networks ‘need to be connected for the same purpose, we call it Internetworking. ‘The main reason for having an Internet is that each computer network is

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