4A Lesson Worksheet 4.1 (Refer to Book 4A P.4.

3)

Objecti e: To recognize the concepts of functions, independent variables and dependent variables.

Basic Concept of Functions

In each of the following function relations, identify the independent variable and the dependent variable.
[Nos. 1–2]
1. The circumference l cm of a circle is a function of the radius r cm of the circle. Ex 4A: 1
Independent variable = Dependent variable =

2. Ada’s salaries tax payable $T is a function of her monthly income $S.

Independent variable = Dependent variable =

Each of the following diagrams shows a relation between x and y. Determine whether y is a function of x.
[Nos. 3–6]
3. y 4. y Ex 4A: 2
x x
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3

For each value of x, there is ( no / one / When x = ( ), there is ( no / one /

more than one ) corresponding value of y. more than one ) corresponding value of y.
y ( is / is not ) a function of x. y ( is / is not ) a function of x.

5. x y 6. x y
1 1 1 1
2 2
2 3 3 2

When x = ( ), there is ( no / one /

more than one ) corresponding value of y.
y ( is / is not ) a function of x.

Level Up Question

Each of the following diagrams shows a relation between x and y, where a and b are constants. Determine
whether a specific condition for a and b is needed for y to be a function of x. If yes, state the condition.
[Nos. 7–9]
7. x y 8. x y 9. x y
a a 1
1 1 a
b b b

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4A Lesson Worksheet 4.2 (Refer to Book 4A P.4.5)

Objective: To identify a function and to recognize the methods of representing a function relation.

Tabular Method

Each of the following tables shows a relation between x and y. Determine whether y is a function of x. [Nos. 1–4]
1. x 1 3 5 2. x 1 2 2 Ex 4A: 3, 4
y 2 4 6 y 1 4 2
For each value of x, there is ( no / one / When x = ( ), there is ( no / one /
more than one ) corresponding value of y. more than one ) corresponding value of y.
y ( is / is not ) a function of x. y ( is / is not ) a function of x.

3. x 1 2 3 4. x 2 3 5
y 1 1 1 y 1 1 2

Algebraic Method

Each of the following equations shows a relation between x and y. Determine whether y is a function of x. [Nos. 5–8]
5. y = 2x + 13 6. y2 = x + 1 (where x > −1) Ex 4A: 5
When x = 1, y = 2( ) + 13 = ( ); When x = 0,
when x = 2, y = 2( ) + 13 = ( ); y2 = ( )+1
when x = 3, y = 2( ) + 13 = ( ); y2 = ( )
when x = 4, y = 2( ) + 13 = ( ), etc. y =( ) or ( )
For each value of x, there is ( no / one / When x = ( ), there is ( no / one /
more than one ) corresponding value of y. more than one ) corresponding value of y.
y ( is / is not ) a function of x. y ( is / is not ) a function of x.

2
7. y = x2 + 12 8. y= (where x ≠ 0)
x

4
Graphical Method
(i) Draw a vertical line at every different position for the value of x.
(ii) If every vertical line intersects the graph at only one point, then
the graph represents a function.

Each of the following graphs shows a relation between x and y. Determine whether y is a function of x. [Nos. 9–11]
9. y vertical line 10. y 11. y Ex 4A: 6

x
x O
O O
x

There does not exist any vertical

line which intersects the graph
at more than one point.
y ( is / is not ) a function of x.

12. It is given that y = 2x2 − x + 1. Ex 4A: 8

(a) Complete the table. (b) From the table above, determine whether
x −2 −1 0 1 2 y is a function of x.
y

13. The table shows the function relation between x and y, x −2 −1 1 2 4

where y = 2x + k and k is a constant. y 5 7 11 13 17
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) Using the result of (a), find the value of y when x = 3. Ex 4A: 10

Level Up Question

14. It is given that y = 2x + 1.
(a) (i) Complete the table. (b) (i) According to the table in (a)(i), draw
x −1 0 1 3 the graph of y = 2x + 1.
y
y
10

(ii) From the table above, determine 5

whether y is a function of x. x
–1 0 1 2 3
–5

(ii) Using the graph in (b)(i), read the

value of y when x = 2.

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New Century Mathematics (Second Edition) 4A

4 Basic Knowledge of Functions

Consolidation Exercise 4A

Level 1
In each of the following function relations, identify the independent variable and the dependent variable.
[Nos. 1–2]
1. The volume V cm3 of a solid metal cube is a function of the length d cm of each side of the cube.

2. The value $C of a diamond is a function of the weight w g of the diamond.

Each of the following diagrams shows a relation between x and y. Determine whether y is a function of x.
[Nos. 3–6]
3. x y
2 –
3 3
5 –
7 1

4. x y
–
0 2
1 –
1

5. x y
–1
3
0
5
6

6. x y
–2
–1
5
4
7

7. The table shows a relation between x and y.

x –3 2 5 7 11
y 2 0 6 2 –5
(a) How many corresponding values of y are there for each value of x?
(b) Is y a function of x?

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Refer to each of the tables below. Is the relation between x and y a function relation? Explain your answers.
[Nos. 8–10]
8. x –4 –1 0 3 7
1 3 7
y 2 0 − −
2 2 2

9. x –1 0 0 2 5
y 1 2 3 4 5

10. x –3 1 3 5 6
y 9 1 9 25 36

11. In each of the following,

(i) write down the number of corresponding values of y for each value of x,
(ii) hence, determine whether y is a function of x.
(a) y = –2x + 7 (b) y = x2 + 8
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(c) y = 3 – 5x2 (d) y = − (where x ≠ 0)
x
(e) y2 = 3x (where x > 0) (f) y = 2 x (where x > 0)

12. Each of the following graphs shows a relation between x and y. Determine whether y is a function of x.
(a) y (b) y

x
O
x
O

(c) y (d) y

x x
O O

13. It is given that y is a function of x, where y = 6 – x.

(a) Complete the table below.
x 1 2 3 4 5
y
(b) According to the table in (a), draw the graph of y = 6 – x.
[Unit length for both axes: 10 divisions (1 cm)]

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14. The graph shows the function relation between x and y.
y

x
–2 –1 0 1 2
–1

–2

According to the graph,

(a) find the value of y when x = 0,
(b) find the value of y when x = 2,
(c) find the value of x when y = 0.

Level 2
15. It is given that the relation between x and y is y = 4 – 3x.
(a) Complete the table below.
x 1 2 3 4 5
y

(b) According to the table in (a), determine whether y is a function of x.

16. The graph shows the function relation between x and y.

y

x
0
–3 –2 –1 1

(a) Complete the table below.

x –3 –2 –1 0
y

(b) If the function relation between x and y can be represented by the algebraic expression y = –mx +
3, find the value of m.

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17. The graph shows the function relation between x and y.
y

x
0 1 2 3 4
–1

–2

–3

–4

–5

–6

–7

–8

(a) Complete the table below.

x 0 1 2 3 4
y

(b) If the function relation between x and y can be represented by the algebraic expression
y = –x2 – px – 3, find the value of p.

18. The graph shows the function relation between x and y. If the function relation between x and y can be
represented by the algebraic expression y = ax2 – x – 5, find the value of a.

x
–1 0 1 2 3 4
–1

–2

–3

–4

–5

–6

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19. The table below shows the function relation between x and y, where y = kx – 6.
x –4 –2 0 1 3
y 2 –2 –6 –8 –12
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) Using the result of (a), find the value of y when x = 4.
(c) Using the result of (a), find the value of x when y = 11.

20. The table below shows the function relation between x and y, where y = x2 + rx – 4.
x –3 –1 0 1 4
y 11 –1 –4 –5 4
(a) Find the value of r.
(b) Using the result of (a), find the value of y when x = 2.
(c) Using the result of (a), find the values of x when y = 20.

21. The table below shows the number of pages (n) of a document and the corresponding cost of
copying the document ($C), where C = 3 + kn.
n 1 000 3 000 5 000 7 000 10 000
C 203 603 1 003 1 403 2 003
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) Using the result of (a), find the cost of copying a document with 6 500 pages.
(c) Bella claims that the cost of copying a certain document is exactly $725.5. Do you agree?
Explain your answer.

22. The table below shows the heights above sea level (h km) and the corresponding temperatures (T °C)
of some locations on a mountain, where T = a – 6.5h.
h 0.8 1.4 2 2.4 2.8
T 19.8 15.9 12 9.4 6.8
(a) Find the value of a.
(b) Using the result of (a), find the temperature when the height above sea level is 3 km.
(c) When the height above sea level is less than 4 km, is it possible that the corresponding
temperature is exactly 0°C? Explain your answer.

23. It is given that the relation between x and y is y = 2x – 3.

(a) (i) Complete the table below.
x –2 –1 2 3 5
y
(ii) From the table above, determine whether y is a function of x.
(b) (i) According to the table in (a)(i), draw the graph of y = 2x – 3.
[Unit length for both axes: 5 divisions (0.5 cm)]
(ii) Using the graph in (b)(i), read the value of y when x = 1.

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24. Peter goes to school by MTR every day and uses his Octopus Card for payment. Suppose after Peter
goes to school for x days, the remaining stored value on his Octopus Card is $y. The relation between
x and y can be represented by the algebraic expression y = 28 – 3.5x.
(a) (i) According to the given algebraic expression, complete the table below.
x 0 1 3 6
y

(ii) From the table above, determine whether y is a function of x.

(b) (i) According to the table in (a)(i), draw the graph of y = 28 – 3.5x.
[Unit length for x-axis: 10 divisions (1 cm)
Unit length for y-axis: 2 divisions (0.2 cm)]
(ii) Using the graph in (b)(i), find the number of days that Peter goes to school such that the
remaining stored value on his Octopus Card will become $14.

25. Joanne wants to order x dresses through an online shop and the total fee is $y. The function relation
between x and y can be represented by the algebraic expression y = T + Px, where $T is the
transportation fee and $P is the selling price of each dress. It is given that T and P are constants. The
figure shows the graph of y = T + Px.
y

1 500

1 250

1 000

750

500

250

x
0 5 10 15 20

(a) Using the graph, find the value of T.

(b) Using the graph, find the value of y when x = 10. Hence, find the value of P.
(c) Joanne orders dresses through the online shop and the total fee is $1 850. Using the results of (a)
and (b), find the number of dresses that she ordered.

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