MATHEMATICS IN EVERYDAY LIFE–8

Chapter 5 : Playing with Numbers ANSWER KEYS

EXERCISE 5.1 (ii) When divided by 37, gives the quotient 3 × sum
of the digits
1. Generalised form:
= 3 × 19 = 57
(i) 85 = 10 × 8 + 5
(ii) 398 = 100 × 3 + 10 × 9 + 8 2109
 = 57
(iii) 726 = 100 × 7 + 10 × 2 + 6 37
(iv) 545 = 100 × 5 × 10 × 4 + 5 (iii) When divided by 19 (sum of the digits), gives the
quotient 111.
2. Usual form:
(i) 10 × 6 + 7 = 60 + 7 = 67 2109
 = 111.
(ii) 100 × 5 + 4 × 10 + 9 = 500 + 40 + 9 = 549 19
(iii) 100 × x + 10xy + z = 100x + 10y + z = xyz 6. Let abc = 952 and cba = 259
3. 95 and 59 are the numbers formed by the digits 5 abc – cba = 99 (a – c)
and 9. = 99 (a – c)
(i) We know that, ab – ba when divided by 9, the = 9 × 11 (a – c)
quotient is (a – b). (rule 2)
= 9 × 11 (a – c)
 95 – 59 when divided by 9, the quotient is
9 – 5 = 4. abc  cba 9  11 ( a  c)
 =
(ii) ab – ba when divided by (a – b) the quotient is 9. 9 9
 95 – 59 when divided by (9 – 5) i.e., 4, the = 11 (a – c)
quotient is 9. = 11 × (9 – 2)
4. 79 and 97 are the numbers formed by the digits 7 = 11 × 7 = 77.
and 9.
Hence, the required quotient is 77.
(i) If the sum of these numbers (79 + 97) is divided
79  97 176 EXERCISE 5.2
by 11, we get = = 16 as the quotient.
11 11 1.  Sum of the numbers in each row, each column,
(ii) If the sum of the numbers (79 + 97) is divided by and each diagonal is 15. Therefore,
the sum of digits (7 + 9) = 16, we get C1 C2 C3
97  97 176 6 1 8 R1
= = 11 as quotient.
79 16 R2
7 5 3
5. The given number is 784.
2 9 4 R3
Other two numbers obtained by arranging the digits
of 784 in cyclic order are 847 and 478. 2. C1 C2 C3
The sum of the numbers = 84 + 847 + 478
13 14 9 R1
= 2109
8 12 16 R2
The sum of the digits 7, 8 and 4 = 7 + 8 + 4 = 19.
(i) When divided by 111, gives the quotient 19. 15 10 11 R3

2109
 = 19
111

Mathematics In Everyday Life-8 1

 (ii) The sum of digits of number 537 is (5 + 3 + 7)
3. C1 C2 C3
= 15, which is divisible by 3.
13 6 11 R1 So, the number 537 is divisible by 3.
8 10 12 R2 (iii) The sum of digits of number 927 is (9 + 2 + 7)
= 18, which is divisible by 3.
9 14 7 R3
So, the number 927 is divisible by 3.
4. The given numbers are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 12. Since, Similarly (iii) 924, and (vi) 543 also divisible by 3.
each side of triangle add up to 9. Hence, (ii), (iii), (iv) and (vi) divisible by 3.
5 2.  If the sum of digits of the given number is
divisible by 9, then the given number is divisible by
0 1 9.
(i) The sum of digits of number 199 is (1 + 9 + 9)
4 2 3 = 19, which is not divisible by 9.
Therefore, So, the number 199 is not divisible by 9.
(i) 5 + 0 + 4 = 9 (ii) The sum of digits of number 477 is (4 + 7 + 7)
= 18, which is divisible by 9.
(ii) 4 + 2 + 3 = 9
So, the number 477 is divisible by 9.
(iii) 5 + 1 + 3 = 9
Similarly, (iii) 2349 and (iv) 1989 also divisible by 9.
5. The given numbers are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Since, each
side of triangle add upto 12. Hence, (ii), (iii) and (iv) are divisible by 9.
3. For a number to be divisible 11, (sum of digits at odd
4 places) – (sum of digits at even places) = 0 or a
multiple of 11. Therefore,
3 2
(i) 264
5 1 6 Sum of digits at odd places = 4 + 2 = 6
Sum of digits at even places = 6
Therefore,
Difference between two sums = 6 – 6 = 0
(i) 4 + 3 + 5 = 12
So, the number 264 is divisible by 11.
(ii) 5 + 1 + 6 = 12
(ii) 968
(iii) 6 + 2 + 4 = 12
Sum of digits at odd places = 8 + 9 = 17
6. The given numbers are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. Since
each side of a triangle adds up to 13. Sum of digits at even places = 6
Difference between two sums = 17 – 6 = 11
1 Which is multiple of 11.
So, the number 968 is divisible by 11.
4 7 (iii) 61809
Sum of digits at odd places = 9 + 8 + 6 = 23
6 5
Sum of digits at even places = 0 + 1 = 1
2 8 3 0 Difference between two sums = 23 – 1 = 22
Which is a multiple of 11.
Therefore,
So, the number 61809 is divisible by 11.
(i) 1 + 4 + 6 + 2 = 13
Similarly (iv) 32571 also divisible by 11.
(ii) 2 + 8 + 3 + 0 = 13
Hence, (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are divisible by 11 and (v),
(iii) 0 + 5 + 7 + 1 = 13 (vi) are not divisible by 11.
4.  31x is a multiple of 11.
EXERCISE 5.3
 (x + 3) – 1 = 0 or multiple of 11.
1.  A number is divisible by 3, if the sum of digits of  x + 2 can takes values from 0, 11, 22, 33, ...... .
that number is divisible by 3. Therefore, Since x is a digit, for the value of digit x.
(i) The sum of digits of number 616 is 6 + 1 + 6 = 13, x + 2 = 11
which is not divisible by 3.
 x = 11 – 2 = 9  x = 9.
So, the number 616 is not divisible by 3.

2 Answer Keys
5.  21y5 is a multiple of 9. 3. 8 A 5
 2 + 1 + y + 5 = 8 + y is a multiple of 9. + 9 4 A
 8 + y can take values 0, 9, 18, 27, ...... . 1A 3 3
Since, y is a digit. Therefore, For, 3 as units digit in the given sum, 5 + A should be
8+y =9  y=9 –8 13.
 y = 1.  5 + A = 13
6.  A number is divisible by 3, if the sum of digit of  A8
number is divisible by 3.
 The sum of the digits of number 32699 is 3 + 2 + 4. A B
6 + 9 + 9 = 29 = (27 + 2). × 5
If 2 is subtracted from the number the rest number is C A B
exactly divisible by 3. If we take B = 5. Then 5 × 5 = 25, gives 5 at units digit
Hence, remainder = 2. as B.
7.  68y5 is divisible by 11. And if we take A = 2, then 2 × 5 = 10
 (5 + 8) – (y + 6) is 0 or multiples of 11.  10 + 2 = 12, gives 2 as A at tens place of the
 7 – y can take values 0, 11, 22, ...... . product. Therefore,
Since y is a digit. Therefore, A = 2, B = 5, C = 1.

7–y =0  y7 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

8.  13y8 is divisible by 6 i.e., it is divisible by 2 and 3. 1. Sum of number 98 + 89 = 187
 1 + 3 + y + 8 is divisible by 3, 6, 9, 12, ...... . Sum of their digits = 9 + 8 = 17
 12 + y can take value 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 ...... . Since y 187
is a digit. Therefore, required quotient = = 11
17
 12 + y = 12, 15, 18, 21 Hence, option (a) is correct.
 y = 0, 3, 6, 9.  If a number is divisible by 3, the sum of digit of
9. The sum of digits of number 524387 is (5 + 2 + 4 + 3 the number is divisible by 3. Therefore,
+ 8 + 7) = 29 which is not divisible by 3. Sum of digits of number 543 is 5 + 4 + 3 = 12 is
 29 = 27 + 2, if 2 is subtract from the numbers the divisible by 3.
rest number is exactly divisible by 3. Sum of digit of number 499 is 4 + 9 + 9 = 22 is not
Hence, required remainder = 2. divisible by 3.
Sum of digit of number 785 is 7 + 8 + 5 = 20 is not
EXERCISE 5.4 divisible by 3.
Sum of digit 648 is 6 + 4 + 8 = 18 is divisible by 3.
1. 3 1 Q
Thus, (b) 499 and (c) 785 is not divisible by 3.
+ 1 Q 3
5 0 1 Hence, option (b) and (c) is correct.
3.  (ab + ba) is always a multiple of 11.
If Q replaced with 8, then 8 + 3 = 11, gives 1 as units
digit in the sum and 1 + 1 + 8 = 10 gives 0 as tens Hence, option (d) is correct.
place in the given sum. 4. If a number is divisible by 9, if the sum of digits is
divisible by 9.
Hence, Q  8 .
 927 is divisible of 9, since sum of digits
2 A B 9 + 2 + 7 = 18 is divisible by 9.
2.
A B 1 Hence, option (b) is correct.
B 1 8 5.  31y 6 is divisible by 3.
 B+1=8  B=7  3 + 1 + y + 6 is a multiple of 3.
and 4 + 7 = 11, gives 1 as tens place in the sum.  10 + y can take values from 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, ...... .
Hence, A  4, B  7 . Since, y is a digit, for least value of y.
10 + y = 12  y = 2
Hence, option (c) is correct.
Mathematics In Everyday Life-8 3
 6.  If the units digit of a number is 0, then the (iii) 43 = 4 × 10 + 3
number is divisible by 5 and 10. (iv) 92 = 9 × 10 + 2
 2640 is a number which is divisible by 5 and 10. 2. (i) 549 = 5 × 100 + 4 × 10 + 9
Hence, option (b) is correct. (ii) 768 = 7 × 100 + 6 × 10 + 8
7. abc – cba is always a multiple of 9 and 11. (iii) 832 = 8 × 100 + 3 × 10 + 2
Hence, option (a) and (b) is correct. (iv) 996 = 9 × 100 + 9 × 10 + 6
8.  24x is divisible by 9. 3.  31z5 is a multiple of 3.
 (2 + 4 + x) is a multiple of 9.  (3 + 1 + z + 5) = 9 + 2 is a multiple of 3.
 6 + x can take values from 9, 18, 27, ...... .  9 + z can take values from 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, ..... .
Since, x is a digit, for value of x. Since, z is a digit. Therefore,
6+x =9  x=3 9 + z = 9, 12, 15, 18
Hence, option (c) is correct.  z = 0, 3, 6, 9.
9. A + A + A = BA 4. (i) 3 A
If 5 + 5 + 5 = 15 + 2 5
Thus, A = 5, B = 1 B 2
Hence, option (b) is correct. If 7 + 5 = 12, gives 2 as units digit.

Therefore, A7
MENTAL MATHS CORNER
A. Fill in the blanks: Now, 37 + 25 = 62, therefore, B = 6.
1. The quotient when the difference of 785 – 758 is Hence, A  7 , B  6
divided by 9 is 3.
2. If we subtract the ones digit of a number from that (ii) 9 A
number, the remainder is always divisible by 2, 5 × A
and 10.
9 A
3. The three whole numbers whose product and sum
Here, the ones digit of A × A = A, it must be that
are equal are 1, 2 and 3.
A = 1, 5 or 6.
 1 + 2 + 3 = 6 and 1 × 2 × 3 = 6
A = 1, 5 satisfy A × A = A, but it is not possible as
4. The two numbers whose product is a one-digit the product is 9A.
number and the sum is a two-digit number are 1
Now, A = 6, we have
and 9.
B. ‘True’ or ‘False’ 1 6
6
1. If a number is divisible by 3, it must be divisible by 9 6
9. (False)
Clearly, A = 6, satisfy the give product.
2. If a number divides three numbers exactly, it must
divided their sum exactly. (True) Hence, A  6
3. A number is divisible by 18, if it is divisible by both
3 and 6. (False) 5. Let ab be the two digit number and ba is the number
obtaining reversing the digit. Therefore,
4. The sum of two consecutive odd numbers is
always divisible by 4. (True) ab – ba = 9 × (a – b)
5. If a number is divisible by any number p, then it  ab – ba = 18
will also be divisible by each of the factor of p. Therefore,
(True) 9 × (a – b) = 18

18
REVIEW EXERCISE a–b= =2
9
1. (i) 56 = 5 × 10 + 6
 a–b=2
(ii) 79 = 7 × 10 + 9
Hence, the difference between the digits of the
number is 2.

4 Answer Keys
6. C1 C2 C3

8 1 6 R1
3 5 7 R2
Let the 2-digit number be ab.
4 9 2 R3
 ab = 10a + b ...(i)
 49 y 17 is divisible by 9. If we multiply ab by 9 we get a 3-digit number
say dce.
 4 + 9 + y + 1 + 7 = 21 + y is a multiple of 9.
dce = 9(ab)
21 + y can take values from 9, 18, 27, ...... .
100d + 10c + e = 9(10a + b) ...(ii)
Since y is a digit. Therefore
If 4 is written before the 3-digit number and 6 is
21 + y = 27  y = 6
written after the 3-digit number we get a 5-digit
number. i.e., 4dce6.
Hence, y  6
As per given condition,
4dce6 = 42355 + dce
HOTS QUESTIONS
40000 + 1000d + 100c + 10e + 6 = 42355 + 100d
1. abc and cab be the three digit numbers. + 10c + e
abc = a × 100 + b × 10 + c 40006 + 10(100d + 10c + e) = 42355 + (100d + 10c + e)
= 100a + 10b + c 40006 + 10 × 9(10a + 6) = 42355 + 9(10a + 6)
bca = b × 100 + c × 10 + a from (ii)
= 100b + 10c + a 90(10a + 6) – 9(10a + 6) = 2349
cab = c × 100 + a × 10 + b 81(10a + b) = 2349
= 100c + 10a + b 10a + b = 29
Now, or ab = 29 from (i)
abc + bca + cab = 111a + 111b + 111c My age is 29 years.
= 111(a + b + c)
abc + bca + cab = 111 × (a + b + c)
Hence, the sum of abc + bca + cab is divisible by 111.
2. A B C D
× 4
D C B A
If we put D = 8. Therefore, 8 × 4 = 32, gives 2 as units
place. And 2 × 4 = 8.

Thus, A  2

If C = 7. Therefore, 7 × 4 = 28 and 28 + 3 = 31 gives 1

as tens place.
If B = 1. Therefore, 1 × 4 = 4 and 4 + 3 = 7 as hundreds
place.
Hence, A = 2, B = 1, C = 7, D = 8.

Mathematics In Everyday Life-8 5