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    Prokaryotic VS Eukaryotic Cells

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    Kirito Hataku
    Prokaryotic cells are unicellular organisms that lack membrane-bound structures like a nucleus. They tend to be small, measuring 0.1-5 μm in diameter. While they lack membrane-bound structures, prokaryotic cells do have distinct regions like the nucleoid where DNA is found. Prokaryotes can be split into the domains of bacteria and archaea.

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    Prokaryotic VS Eukaryotic Cells

    Uploaded by

    Kirito Hataku
    28 views26 pages
    Prokaryotic cells are unicellular organisms that lack membrane-bound structures like a nucleus. They tend to be small, measuring 0.1-5 μm in diameter. While they lack membrane-bound structures, prokaryotic cells do have distinct regions like the nucleoid where DNA is found. Prokaryotes can be split into the domains of bacteria and archaea.

    Original Title

    3. PROKARYOTIC VS EUKARYOTIC CELLS

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    Prokaryotic cells are unicellular organisms that lack membrane-bound structures like a nucleus. They tend to be small, measuring 0.1-5 μm in diameter. While they lack membrane-bound structures, prokaryotic cells do have distinct regions like the nucleoid where DNA is found. Prokaryotes can be split into the domains of bacteria and archaea.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    28 views26 pages

    Prokaryotic VS Eukaryotic Cells

    Uploaded by

    Kirito Hataku
    Prokaryotic cells are unicellular organisms that lack membrane-bound structures like a nucleus. They tend to be small, measuring 0.1-5 μm in diameter. While they lack membrane-bound structures, prokaryotic cells do have distinct regions like the nucleoid where DNA is found. Prokaryotes can be split into the domains of bacteria and archaea.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 26

    What is a prokaryotic cell?

    Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack


    membrane-bound structures, the most
    noteworthy of which is the nucleus. Prokaryotic
    cells tend to be small, simple cells, measuring
    around 0.1-5 μm in diameter.
    Prokaryotes

    While prokaryotic cells do


    not have membrane-
    bound structures, they do
    have distinct cellular
    regions.
    Prokaryotes

    In prokaryotic cells, DNA


    bundles together in a
    region called the
    nucleoid.
    Prokaryotes

    Prokaryotes can be split


    into two domains,
    bacteria and archaea.
    Prokaryotes

    In prokaryotes,
    molecules of protein,
    DNA and metabolites are
    all found together,
    floating in the cytoplasm.
    Prokaryotes
    Primitive organelles,
    found in bacteria, do act
    as micro-compartments
    to bring some sense of
    organisation to the
    arrangement.
    Prokaryotic cell features

    Nucleoid: a central
    region of the cell that
    contains its DNA.
    Prokaryotic cell features

    Ribosomes: are
    responsible for protein
    synthesis.
    Prokaryotic cell features
    Cell wall: provides structure
    and protection from the
    outside environment. Most
    bacteria have a rigid cell wall
    made from carbohydrates and
    proteins called
    peptidoglycans.
    Prokaryotic cell features
    Cell membrane: every
    prokaryote has a cell
    membrane, also known as
    the plasma membrane, that
    separates the cell from the
    outside environment.
    Prokaryotic cell features
    Capsule: some bacteria
    have a layer of
    carbohydrates that
    surrounds the cell wall called
    the capsule. The capsule
    helps the bacterium attach to
    surfaces.
    Prokaryotic cell features

    Fimbriae: Fimbriae are


    thin, hair-like structures
    that help with cellular
    attachment.
    Prokaryotic cell features

    Pili: are rod-shaped


    structures involved in
    multiple roles, including
    attachment and DNA
    transfer.
    Prokaryotic cell features

    Flagella: are thin, tail-like


    structures that assist in
    movement.
    Do prokaryotes have a nucleus?
    Prokaryotes do not have a
    nucleus. Instead prokaryote
    DNA can be found, bundled
    but free-floating, in a
    central region called the
    nucleoid.
    Do prokaryotes have a mitochondria?

    No, prokaryotes do not


    have mitochondria.
    Mitochondria are only
    found in eukaryotic cells.
    What is a eukaryotic cell?

    A eukaryotic cell, or a cell that contains


    membrane-bound structures, is the basis for
    every multicellular organism, including animals,
    plants, and humans.
    Eukaryotic cells contain several membrane-
    bound structures, or organelles, which are
    specialized cellular subunits that carry out
    specific cellular functions.
    Similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
    All cells, whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic,
    share these four features:

    1. DNA
    2. Plasma membrane
    3. Cytoplasm
    4. Ribosomes
    Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
    Prokaryote Eukaryote
    Nucleus Absent Present
    Membrane-bound
    Absent Present
    organelles
    Mostly multicellular;
    Cell structure Unicellular
    some unicellular
    Cell size Smaller (0.1-5 μm) Larger (10-100 μm)
    Complexity Simpler More complex
    DNA Form Circular Linear
    Animals, plants, fungi,
    Examples Bacteria, archaea
    protists

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