\- eoT Biasing 3 Ss" NS — FL Avl = jm Re (es Re | te ape 3s oN ™ = ey imme = Ee = 1 ~ o> (verge) = tes poet OY Seo —_ Ceémpe Sta) A vere EE | » = CH) YR stab. See tr BAS Electson'eS © \ Analog Electr ss . y en@ Bias ing means kee ping the -+twans!stor =) Netive D sadusstion achive negion. Vee cn 202 Zo-2 ‘B3T: SN ice —— ea Saturation) eae ee ee e KK ieee ww esistance, SeSistance tee Coss J #. tips New Vee Re + CitrpRe bete = Pats + (epi Vege fl ee RivkaVas 20, EZ NE — | MosFeT Re pletion tbe: Vasrod ver ws Tipe ken (Vans - VE” ar Enhancement soe Ves<0 6) =O (Deveson 's pe [Fe ue ff > ia wp > + Tos oes | -Ves.|” ve + Wins), Voo~ Gd: Pe Neos Vv fpss=!omA Vp = -5V s \s. 2 st tw oo Oo i R24 ter Ve 8¥ cehich Sto 64ma, tae . Nae = a ee Ro pew, + tf fo Nas ahoRs ‘ Ve tye 3 ves Crdus Voor Ne ah sime Ves. * =) a - : Vez Wael = USB Volts L Le Vern oe Vte8 - 2. se SOR Ves ox Rs = 3°538V > Vas= Va-Vs = HL Bvo ttstov dex | tet, 2 fp = R] 1 * Ves * ov \ev Lt , \ SH: As Yee sfose (1-Yed)™ ; ve. . => roes= 2 , Vpe- 4 vos ao gen | ta cra Ves= - stones 2 a. am Cseig- B23) toe a (\*Nos\ = 12( to 2) =z a oft) “ Cex ceeds Vp) @ const Conse Seu Bat ®p —s(Erbarcernent ty pe) Ng/ z Vor e Ry ete 7 § | —— > Vos > Vos Pe ine Vo = Veo x R2 See Xf eres c Vers (Vooxe3)/cri 4) Ves = Vervs Ware Vo = Vo ~ “Rs (td = Ke [ves-Ve]” L ustese, o> Var No- Vos es | dtm Cou (ee) pote t Yo Verse OOe . a test 2 vik a) es x Crore then cation) Von Re | eek ea Voo= pep «Vas ves Die= Yoox Ves ——© T iE / Ro a | ds So = Kn (Ves Na” e Botve @K@ Bo Hrd te unknoo™-= es Moclet Ly i a Bice Jn je the Sma IN TS, Sau aaa wpe QinVos +_Ves. Ss 7 ve Ss ° Teg tomo ™ 2M, a ee ~ QmVors os te, So we WA Rs eee! aaitess i Cosde) as ro= fos [' ves 1 Dme RAE. ts = ; . csFED AS) Debeer tyre Earancerneat . es ~ Mo = “toss pel Moz Kn ver xo . is Dave tos Kn CVas- Ve) Ve “~ =» Vee ve roe & o. BW me Bo /BVos » Qpure Am iex Cornmon _E.rnithes Ain poe fice & Common of packs = ve [eed = - Vo ee - pi 4 Vin *s dc ens > | = a tehny a @ als Reiley 2 4 At Ck imp) © given a az Z ° Aves @nburai hae aeVensoaV, Viz acmv Vee=av Nout sea Ciy Test ci) vottage -gain=? > Ver Bote Q.3 vorts eo ee rme city voutage gum Cape An Cee Cugn 4/79 ve x CRENBED 9) Wwe ae ReaAw Ro=sk exe fur A Ie = & ve Veal L Va = 1S Volts ase ee 1 lege ors maly® ve | pe Mee¥ Nid = Ao volts mrt e Bute Ave Gm Cots) Cebannal Sergi erostutadtion) Beto ey aia seye Kn€Ves-VEd reo > esVE te asi DEP ben A dle 20m basin Mow, Vos jor93 = 1g -SVolts wa. ae ag+8l oD ° 2 he > Vos = 25 mt BH VS B5- Vos >? s ane = a¥n Nos-Vt) tee oS CI -as” = axo-s (95-18) = oO 38mh = 14 ms Doom O98 Dy 2 Gen CRpWEd) = = VA * CS Med « é \ a oe or eS S 2. wise 2 402% « « & ~ aCommon -Sovsce Amp eigiene Cuoith Re) 4 CE emidties Ampdifiex f - Curr RED | Emistes ctegene sation. , a Cunty pas’) itl //Poesesereetiitee . Mee c “ Re Ve oz Re Cvaro? = Rellve (VAtH woe VO 2 ee cme) = oe uf +(e won) 4 il * aoe a ee Gos IAIIISSASSSS// Zor Rol (we ahs + gears] ger ia) Bye ar Ro or <8 Bo = Aa RD. & Pe = Ge (Rolled Pca n= BSP or" Bes c@ypaes>CE and CS Ampwifiers with Active oad Cay Acdie Load ofp impedance as Seen “Yer Source | Erm story — vy a Ve s 7] ee T 4 Bee Yam CA=d Sort (ee Cane) sents = Yael St CAFE) am ane ‘ cme =p reribe covet) eae _iel “e — = “~ set Vet Cees Shading co) ~ cere) qeain | Cotto KX id tere Cuee t=? Cr=9) _? “= Sst OFS) pee (uae) Vee | ene) “pcaive doud (Zo) as seen rem C aie 3 e - | dese (VARS) = Se (vated C4eu) conne ctod syransisdes__ Loach % Sete Cun) ees ae = Rr We Va ted2 Ver a ex. NOB cma ne . ae = Ve |v" A Mee lis Wieoat vin Es ie (26.1, 4m) Vin “4 Cw, Jord EE a = 50 Gd) iL Wn) = 7 pure am Cee a ig i 7 ss oF = — Bet Cand (gros) yor Se vin & Car) Vin Aveck wegme > jdlentreae pth Ar a Me CO, Ce Me (qi, For), MS Cams 08) Plittes's Shes Plittes's Shes 2 Sn case -ve €8- t LNNVELEES L UddddddIISIIIIISIAIZA »STE MOSEET BASICS CO BST B= M/ Be CMM, og 7 Men Rtas i tate ‘ Gree) ‘ [Common ease | L common - cassects € Fe © @ se 4 o o®@ ‘ cont € é >ver € Vee « « ‘ Vea 4 ov ooy a Mee 2 82 gatunattn € (Se, 36 °B) ‘ oS c MLE > ON Ackive cho MOSFET & ce 66, 7064 ‘4 Vos Ohmic- wegion* VaseVte , Vostev Sra ) + soften: @ Pervabatac. _TTessiong — cp Pobve EGON # OF = Vee < Vee te = pea < secure But when, Be high C>doe) Yom fe SE Re (oO Setusation * , Sastusor fe. some current Flows wn Active (Ve ees = 022 Vo BE RegionHAP ree-D 2 - refadrfrers y—* Brlesentiat Amps Riess ve 2 Ves- Vee Re M4 Br lwo, oat pa Weta Ves Von -G wate > tee Fe Re. Me —vee oA — deat Of-amP ¢ ae ye VIIISSII//) s sS str genesat, ofp wit Vo = AdVet + Ac Ve p [=== 4 Cormmon-rmod & Gas Dik. Gate a Vie Ve +d = Vas Ve- vd a + Vee => No noise Fos tdeat opm? dd Jddd (Nae Vi-\s) > CMR CLO ae 305. (4H) —7_Cume Aa Jp MMR 2 Cc = c ~ oo meg MD por relent case CMM HO Cas Acs ©) SS C8 eS So Gr Re > Negative f{b _fenpart exs =» Negakive BS ye VE ME “Bou, B® (od Wes sing — es » Pssureing Aor 2 (Chg) > Vem » . av No aao (-) w tf Pot & finite Low Adee VV\N s| I (os Ip(BY Non- inveorking 5 vie Wve TK | Row = > 7 ot Aor = tot Chigh) > ve : é Vie oe: @ in. (oH) | + th Am #10 “Chine £00) ae = ate __ oh pe eA) CO Nottage futreress = = Aad No = vv = pAdcytv) = Ad (ue -w > Velit Adj = Adve —O ve Re > | o Yeet- fimetiot @ oe Boe | 5 poacbical Grain ite Mowerves Ne > fee pee Ys HE network Cer woken — en pontyiny nose 4 en ts fe ee ‘ eR R2 : ; oN eo ok VX a Ayre aig ME ay onve 4 oes + Nace — Rx —® => Veo Nt [are +B 2+ 8) ® Ave VolNin jar @ VO a_e ener ee me ee onngnrgasgeHTPtda Veh 2 Vince ve Rz Ry eve @ ve cea) ba) C= AVATEP®CA) Dillesential Aco phipiew = Sp 4 Ba to supes posi ction A j i euler position 44: fA, III IIIA: nL P + Ro Loves {ee [ Re [Vol = ( nee) = ee . Meee v vine eee (-) (a) P tt s ° % udhing Vie ne cuweent peng poe dddd we 4 yee ~~ F > nva= Rl) Vee Von 7 Heye also Kee © ee Vor x Neo Hence EMR FO =~» fi (ns) + (-SE)* he qeaeevienneee = ; = \ Ne = “11 1 =| Vez 82 Cvi-va -* 4 > ea ‘Cate ta ts of the fesm Vo= ke Ca) fe ete sWVVVUSE(2 tretrumestation Ampofyes Vas ea re | . “ cron thy) atigh Gath zie 0 BI Ce Vor KD) ae Detesential “Arm ple ties investi AL (u'e2) /ee iets vit Q'e) /eahe Veet Cu-N2) Ri Rx Pep 2 one Amipow dant Parameters in_ oper = Are none inverting re Ar= Loverting Gein oOennes Vp Ne ee 4‘ L, Gora) eX) AvP. sr cuma = At = A a Cet he) Ne No= Rave it 4s Ne pava | «Le *& Tmme Nel uw Ne tend © OFFSET 2 unwanted */F ae the te of opamp , these Nie > chicas ave 3 (P= & io Ne = P2 Ove) GraanCVorogtsce due > Pr» Bais = eins x RE » >» 9» Be = tia x RE 5 Medd = [02-2551 I. ' ives compensation, Rs= Reg @ Blew cates WAL w® Vo = Act xu = Act & Vinein(wt) Bye. (CAar\m @e) - cos toot es: De 2se , So hat tHe ole veoltag? may ares pon a > aM Aer Vin: 0 BE leew a (Kee Ven oe ot) Dex Vin kloe, (u/SIESST cL Vin y atene, See (Aa Wm unyiwiece GP : > ® ne, R= IE Low puss Beso tea As Aer ___ T+ j (4/40 ad - = - es 2aRIONS. CHAPTER-3 8 Diod Al » olvede - fede -Vot._|_—» I Seat uy e Cue sent to leakage s doubles tore avery so% T where PD Weie cieewotl vekeye Case // amv) Y Seafswmeactnes: te. te 7 > wor tw |B cathode Anode) CDs oFF , a CO LS -sv Arma >0 Cz Brom) ~v Sarge > ee on “ecm st ee ™® Dore caclved by cuperpostton “teerand cee & stac MEE Nie Cine Laerets ¢ shunt) ao See in hor was Aesechion , 8lQ dasansmi the = When diode BP voto Lhe ncofes ence Voleag? cve, 0, -ve) 1 o. work mr above CVA, VR. ) at =” enc Csexies) > sla teens aloove F . vie » fost cusection —W— 1 -. yy bac Keer OP —a— , 3G a beter We) 2— Leak Detectors —y CLAMmPERS = Ve “ eA Cave clamped) eneg clamber) Te Ree Vepxen 2x: Deaw We Eaie fos clamber circuit — | AYE -w 4 t geet eyo Ve = VED goth AY Ne : ——* fos Vis0 Ver Voz itocnd: Ac-Sovtre 220 v, sone sefeake 2209, gao5i nL o> [Mees nevents } cang c-ve ep) ULLL/) IVIIIIISISA. C peat chesector) — RECTIFIERS 9 F Jee nipple cusvent CAO 2.253: 5 peak 7 where, C= fre Goud cuswent CActPd) 1 i Mee = pe (avg. cussent tociwt RE ase cee | en dems = Coola : re * bre wee tae ofa 7 Vicems)= Vin/2. Ve eetve am Re 2Now (Orage) ‘Al tm | _ cettdee Sim, (Lawn =f. (ew ys e 7 Ve curs) = Vin. Vex Tamar Nabe, ae - @ iD Mw e _ BH ewe ove Ne /Tr 4 cadvantage) ® an age ove EA QNe/Tr i je “phe? “type Viele CUD > wc CUUVVUUU LI+ Tues (de-powes dedivesed to rg) Ace powes wating of 2° vodg- é& & mrs 8 » 1+. -. 8 ure a vee Oh ie. AZ Himes of Me = 813% = 638% Cadvant«g® Note Fe= vmsfavg — € P= peak a > Zones Diodes — wf, chewety ote? ab ¥ 3 < Puohanct Kereqk doom [Meum ed | + C pee www eee eer Fee =o Ve Ne, ten eeres is“ ov"Sef tt \ \ \ \ S > > > » » » » » . B a ae Veemion VE 5 Seomarys “ Ma Vitemony = V hens F Leeminy = VE ints oe ar Coreresat Case) Pecans Vex t2cme (hese, wen < He) < teem ex: Seek she pass maby (FO) foo De geen gsi Je gute: Pe cmer) 2 Vex teem), ws] : ae (AK - 2) ape Vcese vousi ae a. zpeod Hecmans Te- Fecm = ema - ee -@A 2 Pawns Gon xt wo “eee Ak scotting = Bom - Pacrno = face ating): quene closes e