ATENEO DE DAVAO UNIVERSITY

Km 7 Central Park Blvd., Talomo, 8016 Davao City Philippines

Tel No. +63 (82) 221.2411 local 8608
E-Mail: [email protected] * www.addu.edu.ph

In Consortium with Ateneo de Zamboanga University and Xavier University

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – GENERAL PHYSICS

LABORATORY REPORT GUIDELINES
Please take time to read the following guidelines before making the laboratory report.
Everything stated here must be followed. Points will be deducted if guidelines are not followed.
(a) The laboratory report-making is individual despite the experiment being done as a
group. Each report is expected to be unique.
(b) The laboratory report must include the following outline:
I. Introduction and Objective/s
II. Experimental Set-up and Procedure
III. Data and Results
IV. Data Analysis
V. Conclusion.
*Expected outcomes for each outline are written on the next page in gray. Please erase
the outcomes before submitting the report.
(c) The report should be typewritten and must have the following format:
• Use Arial or Calibri font style.
• Font size must be 11 for Arial and 12 for Calibri.
• The paper margin should be 1 inch for all sides.
• Paper size should be 8.5” x 11” (Short-sized bond paper)
(d) Calculations/Solutions may be handwritten.
• Show the calculations as organized as possible.
• Solutions must be free of any erasures.
(e) There should be no loose pages in submitting the report. Staple all the pages together.
(f) The last page of the report is reserved for the rubric. Please include a copy of the rubric
in the laboratory report.
(g) Do not include a cover page anymore.
(h) There is no need for the report to be printed in color. Black and white will do.
(i) The deadline of the laboratory report will be eight days after the class’s laboratory
schedule and will be collected inside the classroom by subject teacher.
• This date will be specified by the teacher since the class will only meet once a
week.
 ATENEO DE DAVAO UNIVERSITY
Km 7 Central Park Blvd., Talomo, 8016 Davao City Philippines
Tel No. +63 (82) 221.2411 local 8608
E-Mail: [email protected] * www.addu.edu.ph

In Consortium with Ateneo de Zamboanga University and Xavier University

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – GENERAL PHYSICS

SCORE:
GROUP NUMBER: 6
NAME: Reynier Josh R. Hernandez
SECTION: 12 - Daniel /𝟓𝟎
DATE PERFORMED: October 9, 2023
PERFORMANCE TASK 1
LABORATORY REPORT
ADDITION OF VECTORS
p
I. Introduction and Objective/s
This laboratory experiment involves testing the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration by
using a ticker-tape timer, a toy cart, and added known masses. The objective of the experiment is to verify the
theoretical relationship between acceleration, mass, and force, as described by Newton's second law of motion.
The experiment aims to measure the acceleration of the cart as different masses are added, with the force being
exerted by a hanging weight, and to compare the experimental results with the theoretical predictions.

II. Experimental Set-up and Procedure

To collect data, the experiment involved attaching

a strip of paper tape to a cart and passing it
through a ticker-tape timer (15s). The timer
marked the tape at uniform time intervals,
creating dots. The position of these dots was
recorded along the corresponding time intervals.
Four trials were conducted, each with a different
added mass value on the cart. The acceleration
was calculated from the differences in speed and
position, and the effect of friction was neglected
in the analysis.
Data Analysis

i. Even when neglecting friction, if the resultant force is constant, does the acceleration appear to be inversely
proportional to the total mass?
-No. If the resultant force is constant and friction is neglected, the acceleration is directly proportional
to the total mass. This relationship is described by Newton's second law of motion, which states that F = ma,
where F is the force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration. If the force is constant, doubling the mass would
result in half the acceleration, and vice versa.

ii. If the tabletop is not level how would this affect the measurements?
-If the tabletop is not level, it can affect the measurements because it introduces an additional force
component in the vertical direction due to gravity. This vertical component of the gravitational force can affect
the acceleration measurement and lead to errors in the experiment.

iii. Is there added friction each time a dot is formed on the tape? Is this a major source of error? Explain your
reasons.
-There is likely some added friction each time a dot is formed on the tape, but it is not a major source
of error. The friction involved in creating dots on the tape is minimal compared to other potential sources of
friction in the setup. The primary sources of error would come from factors like air resistance, friction in the
pulley and cart wheels, and imprecise measurements.

iv. With no tape or string attached to the cart, how far will it roll on a smooth horizontal surface?
-If no tape or string is attached to the cart and in the absence of external forces (like friction or applied
force), it will roll indefinitely on a smooth horizontal surface due to its inertia, an object in motion tends to
stay in motion as described by Newton's first law of motion. If friction is applied, then it will continue to
reduce speed until all energy is lost and eventually stops.

v. If mass is added to the cart, how will this affect the distance rolled?
-If mass is added to the cart, it will affect the distance rolled by the cart. According to Newton's second
law (F = ma), increasing the mass of the cart while keeping the force constant will result in a lower
acceleration. This means the cart will take more time to reach a certain velocity and cover a shorter distance.

vi. What is the main force that causes the set-up to move? Explain.
-The main force that causes the setup to move horizontally is the gravitational force acting on the
hanging weight. This force is transferred to the cart via the string and causes the cart to accelerate.

vii. Based on the results, what can you infer on the relationship between force and acceleration? Explain.
-Based on the results, it can be inferred that the relationship between force and acceleration is in line
with Newton's second law, which states that force and acceleration are directly proportional. When the force
is kept constant, the acceleration remains constant as well.

viii. Does the experimental result the same with the theoretical result? If no, what could be the reasons of the
discrepancies?
-The experimental result may not always be the same as the theoretical result due to various reasons,
including experimental errors, inaccuracies in measurements, and the simplifications made in the theoretical
model (e.g., neglecting friction and other real-world factors). Discrepancies can arise from factors such as air
resistance, imperfections in the equipment, and uncertainties in measurements.
IX. List all the different possible sources of frictions in the experiment. Which source do you think is dominant.
Why?
-Different possible sources of friction in the experiment include air resistance, friction in the pulley,
friction in the cart wheels, and friction between the tape and the timer. The dominant source of friction is
likely the friction in the cart wheels and the pulley, as these are in direct contact with moving parts and can
have a significant impact on the results.

Even when neglecting friction, if the total mass is constant, does the acceleration appear to be directly
proportional to the resultant vector?
-Even when neglecting friction, if the total mass is constant, the acceleration still appears to be directly
proportional to the resultant force. This is consistent with Newton's second law, where the acceleration is
directly proportional to the applied force when mass is held constant.

The cart is accelerating horizontally along the tabletop, while the pull of gravity on the hanging weights is
vertical. Is acceleration supposed to be in the same direction as the applied force? Explain.
-No, acceleration does not have to be in the same direction as the applied force. According to
Newton's second law, acceleration depends on the net force acting on an object, which is the vector sum of all
forces. In this setup, the applied force is horizontal (due to the hanging weight), and the acceleration will also
be horizontal, assuming no other forces are acting in other directions. Gravity acts vertically, but it does not
affect the horizontal motion directly as long as the tabletop is level.

III. Conclusions

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the relationship between force, mass, and
acceleration, in line with Newton's second law of motion. Through a series of trials involving a toy cart and
added masses, we aimed to verify the theoretical prediction that acceleration is directly proportional to the
resultant force and inversely proportional to the total mass. The data collected demonstrated that as more
mass was added to the cart, the acceleration decreased, confirming the inverse relationship between mass
and acceleration. Additionally, the acceleration was found to be directly proportional to the applied force.
Although we had to neglect certain factors like friction in our analysis, the experimental results aligned with
the expectations based on Newton's second law, highlighting the significance of force and mass in determining
acceleration.
 Expert Proficient Advanced Beginner
Criteria
5 4 3
The laboratory report includes ALL the following: The laboratory report includes THREE of the following: The laboratory report includes TWO of the following: The laboratory re
• Relationships (patterns and trends) among each of • Relationships (patterns and trends) among each of • Relationships (patterns and trends) among each of • Relationships
the data sets. the data sets. the data sets. the data sets.
• Comparison and explanation of each data set to the • Comparison and explanation of each data set to the • Comparison and explanation of each data set to the • Comparison a
Analysis of Data (X2)
theoretical or expected values. theoretical or expected values. theoretical or expected values. theoretical or e
• Discussion of potential sources of errors. • Discussion of potential sources of errors. • Discussion of potential sources of errors. • Discussion of
• Implications and broader significance of the results. • Implications and broader significance of the results. • Implications and broader significance of the results. • Implications an
*Please refer to the guide questions. *Please refer to the guide questions. *Please refer to the guide questions. *Please
Correctness of Calculations Most calculations are done correctly (1-2 incorrect Some calculations are done correctly (3-4 incorrect
All calculations are done correctly. All calcu
(X2) calculations). calculations).
Organization of Solutions ALL of the solutions of the FOUR rings are presented THREE of the solutions of the four rings are presented TWO of the solutions of the four rings are presented Only ONE of the
and cleanliness clearly, without any erasures. clearly, without any erasures. clearly, without any erasures. clea
The conclusion
The conclusion of the report exhibits ALL of the following: The conclusion of the report exhibits TWO of the following: The conclusion of the report exhibits ONE of the following:
• Clear and brief statements – one to two paragraphs or • Clear and brief statements – one to two paragraphs or • Clear and brief statements – one to two paragraphs
• Clear and brief
up to six sentences only. up to six sentences only. or up to six sentences only.
up to six sente
Conclusion • Summarizes the key findings based on the analysis of • Summarizes the key findings based on the analysis of • Summarizes the key findings based on the analysis
• Summarizes th
data. data. of data.
data.
• Relationship between the objective, discussion of the • Relationship between the objective, discussion of the • Relationship between the objective, discussion of the
• Relationship be
experiment and data. experiment and data. experiment and data.
experiment and
The laboratory report includes ALL of the following The laboratory report includes FIVE of the following The laboratory report includes FOUR of the following The laboratory r
outlines: outlines: outlines:
I. Introduction and Objective/s I. Introduction and Objective/s I. Introduction and Objective/s I. Introductio
II. Experimental Set-up and Procedure II. Experimental Set-up and Procedure II. Experimental Set-up and Procedure II. Experiment
Completeness
III. Data and Results III. Data and Results III. Data and Results III. Data and R
IV. Data Analysis IV. Data Analysis IV. Data Analysis IV. Data Analys
V. Conclusion V. Conclusion V. Conclusion V. Conclusion
VI. Rubric VI. Rubric VI. Rubric VI. Rubric
The laboratory report exhibits ALL the following: The laboratory report exhibits THREE of the following: The laboratory report exhibits TWO of the following: The laboratory r
• Font style: Calibri or Arial • Font style: Calibri or Arial • Font style: Calibri or Arial • Font style: Ca
Formatting • Font size: 11 for Arial or 12 for Calibri • Font size: 11 for Arial or 12 for Calibri • Font size: 11 for Arial or 12 for Calibri • Font size: 11
• Margin is 1" on all sides. • Margin is 1" on all sides. • Margin is 1" on all sides. • Margin is 1" o
• Short-sized bond paper • Short-sized bond paper • Short-sized bond paper • Short-sized b
Overall, the laboratory report exhibits FOUR of the Overall, the laboratory report exhibits TWO to THREE of
Overall, the laboratory report exhibits ALL of the following: Overall, the laborat
following: the following:
• Demonstrates a thorough understanding of the • Demonstrate
• Demonstrates a thorough understanding of the • Demonstrates a thorough understanding of the
experiment and concepts. experiment a
experiment and concepts. experiment and concepts.
Overall Impression • Shows critical and analytical skills in interpreting the • Shows critica
• Shows critical and analytical skills in interpreting the • Shows critical and analytical skills in interpreting the
(Organization) results. results.
results. results.
• The laboratory report is well-organized. • The laborato
• The laboratory report is well-organized. • The laboratory report is well-organized.
• Each outline is labelled properly. • Each outline
• Each outline is labelled properly. • Each outline is labelled properly.
• All pages are logically stapled together. • All pages are
• All pages are logically stapled together. • All pages are logically stapled together.
Promptness Submitted on time Subm

RUBRIC