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Scope: 1. Lntroductron 1

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27 views

Scope: 1. Lntroductron 1

Contents of fill

Uploaded by

faizankhan23
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONTENTS

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1. lntroductron 1
1.I Purpose and Scope 1
1.2 Importance and Nature of Earthwork 2
1.3 Important Definitions 3
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1.4 The Role of Index and Engineering Properties 7


1.5 Glossary 10

2. Avoldlng costly Blunders 12


2,l The Practical Value of Knowledge of the Historical
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Development of Soil Compaction 12


2.2 Early Empirical Approaches 12
2.3 Rational Approach 13
2.4 Standard Proctor Density 13
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2.5 Modified Proctor Density 14


2.6 Load-Bearing Fills/BuildingCodes 15
2.7 Summary 16
2.8 Glossary 16
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3. Basics of Sol1 CompactionCurves: LaboratoyProcedures 17


3.1 Compaction Defined 17
3.2 Spectrum of Soil Types 19
3.3 Curve Locations and Shapes and Their Practical
Meaning: Moisture and Energy Effects 21

Copyright © 1994 John Wiley & Sons Retrieved from: www.knovel.com


CONTENTS

3.4 ASTM Compaction Requirements 22


3.5 Summary 24
3.6 Glossary 25

4. Major Rrobkms In Compacted Flll Technology.

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-sol- 26

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4.1 Standard-Modified Ignorance 26
4.2 The Ninety-fivePercent Fixation 29
4.3 Correlations of Standard and Modified
Proctor Densities 38

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4.4 Bearing Capacities of Roctor Densities 38
4.5 Changing Borrow 40
4.6 Problems Evolvingfrom Traditional Practice 43
4.7 Cost and Time Pressures:A Summary 45
4.8 Glossary 46
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5. Applied Research and Devdopment 47
5.1 Effects of Specific Index Property Variations 47
5.2 Artificial Fills 52
5.3 Waste Materials as Fills 73
5.4 Effects of Mechanical Laboratory Compactors 80
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5.5 Density Gradients 81


5.6 Geostick Correlations 81
5.7 Densities of Uncompacted Fills 81
5.8 Percent Compactlon Specifications for Clay Fills 83
5.9 Summary 84
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5.10 Glossary 84

6. FIIIs and Flll CompoCtion 86


6.1 Strength, Stability, and Imperviousness:
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Contrasting Requirements 86
6.2 Potential Problemswith Earth Structures 87
6.3 Controlled and Uncontrolled Fills 101
6.4 Nonstandard and Special Fills 101
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6.5 Compactors and Lift Thicknesses 103


6.6 Energy and Moisture Control 110
6.7 Glossary 112

Copyright © 1994 John Wiley & Sons Retrieved from: www.knovel.com


CONTENTS

7. Compaction Specifications 114


7.1 Typical Specifications 115
7.2 Implementationand Enforcement 126
7,3 Nontechnical Aspects of Specifications 129

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7.4 Specification and Project Evaluation 129

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7.5 Glossary 132

8. Flll Contrd b 8 d U t W - l M m 134


8.1 Field-Density Testing 134

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8.2 The Compleat Field Inspector 156
8.3 Case Histories 166
8.4 Glossary 189

9. SepticSysterns 190
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9.1 BackgroundTechnology 191
9.2 Site Investigation and Evaluation 195
9.3 Design and Construction 206
9.4 Renovation/Repair of Marginally PerformingSystems 229
9.5 Maintenance 230
9.6 Septic System Management 240
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9.7 Glossary 241

I O . Techonomlcr 242
10.1 EngineeringDesign 242
10.2 Legal Costs 243
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11. Appendkes 247


11.I Very Large Jobs 247
11.2 Annotated Referencesfor Further Study 249
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11.3 Seminars and Lectures 252

ReOerences 253
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Index 259

Copyright © 1994 John Wiley & Sons Retrieved from: www.knovel.com

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