PHY 094

SERWAY VUILLE,COLLEGE PHYSICS,11TH EDITION

2023/2024

Tutorial 13(Q&A)
Chapter 12.1 – 12.4

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

1. Which of the following statements are FALSE regarding the first law of thermodynamics?

A. The first law of thermodynamic is another energy conservation law that relates
changes in internal energy (the energy associated with the position and motion of all
the molecules of a system) to energy transfers due to heat and work.
B. In the first law of thermodynamics, Q is positive if energy is transferred into the
system and negative if energy is removed from the system.
C. In the first law of thermodynamics, W is positive if work is done by the system and
negative if work is done on the system.
D. If a system undergoes a change from an initial state to a final state, then the change
in the internal energy is given by .

2. State whether the following statements are ‘TRUE’ or ‘FALSE’.

i. In an isothermal process, the pressure remains constant as the gas expands or is

compressed.
ii. In an adiabatic process, no energy enters or leaves the system by heat.
iii. In an isovolumetric process, the volume does not change and no work is done on or
by the system.
iv. An isobaric process occurs at a constant temperature.

3. “ No heat engine operating in a cycle can absorb energy from a reservoir and use it
entirely for the performance of an equal amount of work.” This statement is typical of a
statement from:

A. The first law of thermodynamics

B. The third law of thermodynamics
C. The second law of thermodynamics
D. The zeroth law of thermodynamics

3. By visual inspection, order the PV diagrams shown in Figure 12.4 from the most negative
work done on the system to the most positive work done on the system.

Figure 12.4
A. a, b, c, d
B. a, c, b, d
C. d, b, c, a
D. d, a, c, b

PHY094 Sem I 2023/2024

PHY 094
SERWAY VUILLE,COLLEGE PHYSICS,11TH EDITION
2023/2024

4. All four thermal processes in gases presented on the PV diagram in Figure 12.10.
Choose the correct processes for paths A, B, C and D. (Given path B, Q=0)

Figure 12.10

A. A is isovolumetric, B is adiabatic, C is isothermal and D is isobaric

B. A is isobaric, B is adiabatic, C is isothermal and D is isovolumetric
C. A is isovolumetric, B is isothermal, C is adiabatic and D is isobaric
D. A is adiabatic, B is isovolumetric, C is isothermal and D is isobaric

5. Three engines operate between reservoirs separated in temperature by 300 K. The

reservoir temperatures are as follows:

Engine M: Th=1000 K, Tc=700 K

Engine N: Th=800 K, Tc=500 K
Engine P: Th=600 K, Tc=300 K

Rank the engines in order of their theoretically possible efficiency, from the highest to
lowest.

A. M, N, P
B. N, P, M
C. P, N, M
D. P, M, N

Structured Questions

Chapter 12.1 – 12.4

1. An ideal gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a movable piston on top of it. The piston has a
mass of 8000 g and an area of 5.00 cm 2 and is free to slide up and down, keeping the
pressure of the gas constant.

a) How much work is done on the gas as the temperature of 0.200 mol of the gas is
raised from 20.0oC to 300oC?
Answer: ‒465 J

b) What does the sign of your answer to part (a) indicate?

Answer: The gas does positive work on its surroundings

PHY094 Sem I 2023/2024

PHY 094
SERWAY VUILLE,COLLEGE PHYSICS,11TH EDITION
2023/2024

2. Gas in a container is at pressure of 1.5 atm and a volume of 4.0 m 3. What is the work
done on the gas

a) if it expands at constant pressure to twice its initial volume and

Answer: ‒6.1 105 J

b) if it is compressed at constant pressure to one quarter its initial volume.

Answer: +4.6 105 J

3. a) Find the work done by an ideal gas as it expands from point A to point B along the
path shown in Figure P12.8.
Answer: 1.25 106 J

b) How much work is done by the gas if it compressed from B to A along the same
path?
Answer: ‒1.25 106 J

Figure P12.8

4. A gas is compressed at a constant pressure of 0.800 atm from 9.00 L to 2.00 L. In the
process, 400 J of energy leaves the gas by heat.

a) What is the work done on the gas?

Answer: 567 J

b) What is the change in its internal energy?

Answer: 167 J

5. An ideal monoatomic gas expands isothermally from 0.500 m 3 to 1.25 m3 at a constant

temperature of 675 K. If the initial pressure is 1.00 x10 5 Pa, find

a) the work done on the gas,

Answer: ‒4.58 104 J

b) the thermal energy transfer Q and

Answer: +4.58 104 J

a) the change in internal energy.

Answer: 0

PHY094 Sem I 2023/2024

PHY 094
SERWAY VUILLE,COLLEGE PHYSICS,11TH EDITION
2023/2024

6. An engine absorbs 1.70 kJ from a hot reservoir at 277 oC and expels 1.20 kJ to a cold
reservoir at 27oC in each cycle.

a) What is the engine efficiency?

Answer: 0.294

b) How much work is done by the engine in each cycle?

Answer: 5 102 J

c) What is the power output of the engine if each cycle lasts 0.300 s?
Answer: 1.67 103 W

7. During an adiabatic process, the temperature of 3.92 moles of a monoatomic ideal gas
drops from 485oC to 205oC. For this gas, find

a) the heat it exchanges with its surroundings

Answer: 0

b) the work it does and

Answer: 1.37 104 J

c) the change in its internal energy.

Answer: ‒1.37 104 J

8. 2.0 moles of monoatomic ideal gas is initially at a pressure of 2.0 105 Pa, volume of
0.025 m3 and temperature of 300 K. [Given the universal gas constant R is 8.31 J/molK]
(PAST YEAR PHY094 2019)

Determine:

i. the work done on the environment if the gas expands to 0.050 m3 at a constant
pressure.
Answer: +5000 J

ii. the work done by the gas if it expands isothermally to 0.050 m 3.

Answer: +3.456 103 J

iii. the work done by the gas if it expands adiabatically to a final temperature of 200 K.
Answer: +2.493 103 J
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PHY094 Sem I 2023/2024