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Microcontrollers vs. FPGAs
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44 views
8 pages
Microcontrollers vs. FPGAs
Uploaded by
Ayoub Ouar
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3-LUT ] | o ' z out] 1 IL ! He | ° : - € a | | 1 LOGIC CELL i fig. A Simplified CLB MICROCONTROLLERS VS. FPGAS: UNDERSTANDING THE KEY DIFFERENCES
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#EmbeddedEdge In the world of embedded systems and digital design, microcontrollers and FPGAs (Field- Programmable Gate Arrays) are two distinct but powerful tools. They serve a variety of purposes and are essential in many electronic applications. Both types of ICs can be used to implement digital logic functions, but they rN TRU LeU A Le CL ae ©
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#EmbeddedEdge Microcontrollers are small, low-power ICs that contain a central processing unit (CPU), Tae and peripherals = such Ty input/output (I/O) pins, timers, and analog- to-digital rola le) (ADCs). Microcontrollers are typically programmed using a high-level programming language such as C or C++. FPGAs, or field-programmable gate arrays, are ICs that contain a large number of programmable logic blocks (PLBs). PLBs can be configured to implement any digital logic function. FPGAs are typically programmed using a hardware description language (HDL) such as Verilog or VHDL. ©
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#EmbeddedEdge Programming and configurability: ¢ Microcontrollers: They are programmed using high-level languages like C/C++ and require a_ specific toolchain for Ce Vl Coy oda Tnl Microcontroller functionality is defined by software. ¢ FPGAs: FPGAs are configured using hardware description languages (HDLs) like VHDL or Verilog. They enable the design of custom digital circuits. Their functionality is defined by hardware (oS Sod] oh doa ©
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#EmbeddedEdge Processing Power: ¢ Microcontrollers: These devices are optimized for general-purpose computing and offer moderate processing power, suitable for most embedded applications. « FPGAs: FPGAs provide the potential for extremely high parallelism, making them ideal for applications requiring intensive data processing or custom hardware acceleration. ©
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#EmbeddedEdge faye tale maCcr-lolcleli tia « Microcontrollers: While they offer flexibility in software design, they have limited adaptability for changes in hardware functionality. Updates often involve changing the code. ¢ FPGAs: FPGAs are highly adaptable, as you can reconfigure their hardware to EVI mm aad Colaba mul Lara tar the physical components. ©
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#EmbeddedEdge Resource Usage: « Microcontrollers: They tend to use fewer resources (power, space) compared to FPGAs, which is advantageous for resource-constrained applications. e FPGAs: FPGAs are more resource- intensive, consuming additional power and requiring more space due to their reconfigurable nature. ©
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#EmbeddedEdge Microcontrollers and FPGAs each have their unique strengths and are chosen based on the specific requirements of a project. Microcontrollers are typically preferred for general-purpose embedded systems, while FPGAs are favored when customization, high- speed processing, and_ real-time signal handling are critical. ©
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