Lesson Plan in Physical Science New Elements

LESSON PLAN
IN
Physical Science 12
I. CONTENT
A. CONTENT STANDARD The learners demonstrate an understanding of how the concept of the
atom evolved from Ancient Greek to the present.
The learners demonstrate an understanding of how the concept of

the element evolved from Ancient Greek to the present
B. PERFORMANCE STANDARD The learners can make a creative representation of the historical
development of the atom or the chemical element in a timeline.
C. LEARNING COMPETENCIES Explain how the concept of atomic number led to the synthesis of new
elements in the laboratory
D. SPECIFIC LEARNING At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:
OUTCOMES 1. Explain how the concept of atomic number led to the synthesis of
new elements in the laboratory;
2. Identify the different elements formed after the process of
synthesis;
2. Realize the importance of the atomic number in identifying the
new elements identity in the periodic table.
II. SUBJECT MATTER

A. Topic Concept of Atomic Number Led to the Synthesis of New Elements in the
Laboratory S11/12PS-IIIb-11
B. Materials Pictures, Projector and Computer
C. Reference Physical Science 12 Module
III. PROCEDURE
 Greetings
 Prayer
 Checking of Attendance
 Setting of Classroom Rules
Review Last meeting you have learned how stars are formed and evolve from one
stage to another and its connection with heavy elements from Carbon
through Iron. There are many processes that stars have to undergo before
they evolve from one stage to another.
IV. LESSON PROPER
A. Activity What are two words that you can form from these pictures?
Atomic number
B. Analysis What is atomic number?

Atomic number refers to the number of protons found in the nucleus of an
atom.
What is the essential role of atomic number in creating new elements?
C. Abstraction
The atomic number and mass number
The X-ray spectroscopy of Henry Moseley, an English physicist played a
significant development in determining the atomic number of the
elements. In his experiment, the different beam of electrons bombarded
with other elements produced varying frequencies of x-ray spectral lines.
He measured and concluded that these frequencies revealed by the
elements in his worked were similar location in the periodic table of
elements. Therefore, he assigned these frequencies as the atomic number
of each element. The atomic number indicates the number of protons
found in the nucleus of each element. It also serves as the identity of an
atom.
In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of

electrons. Thus, atomic number is equal to the number of electrons in a
neutral atom. For instance, aluminum has an atomic number of 13,
meaning each neutral atom of aluminum has 13 protons and 13 electrons.
In general, the acceptable representation of atomic number is this symbol,
capital Z. The total number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of an
atom referred mass number. The mass number represents by this symbol,
capital A.
Where:
A
z x
X is element symbol
A is the mass number
Z is the atomic number
Mass number (A) = number of protons (p+) + number of neutrons
(n0)
= Atomic number (Z) + number of neutrons (n0) Atomic number (Z) =
number of protons (p+) = number of electrons (e-) Number of neutrons
(n0) = Mass number (A) - number of protons (p+)
Note:
Protons are positive charge, electrons are negative charge and neutrons are
neutral or no charge.
For Mg:
Z is 12, = #p+ and #e- which is 12
no = A - p+
= 24 – 12
= 12
For Al:
p+ is 13 = A and #e- which is 13
A = p + no
= 13 + 14
= 27
The synthesis of new elements

Most of the elements are found naturally, but there are some elements can
be produced in the laboratories. The scientists used particle accelerator to
synthesize new synthetic elements. The particle accelerator is a device
used to speed up the electrically charged atomic particles or subatomic
particles by using magnetic and electrical fields.
In 1930, the element 92, Uranium was the heaviest element discovered at
that time. The eagerness of scientists to study and discover the behavior
and characteristics of the elements challenged them to create new
elements. By the year 1937, Ernest Lawrence used linear particle
accelerator in creating element 43 by bombarding the atoms of
molybdenum with atomic number 42 with fast moving electrons. He
named this element 43 as Technetium. The first man-made element.
In 1940, the element astatine with atomic number 85 is synthesized by the

collaboration of three great scientists, Emilio Segre, Kenneth Mackenzie
and Dale Corson by bombarding the atoms of element bismuth with
atomic number 83 using the fast moving alpha particle. In the same year,
Edwin McMillan used particle accelerator to bombard uranium with
neutrons that led him to discover the element with atomic number 93. He
called it neptunium. In the late 1940, the four scientists namely, Glenn
Seaborg, Edwin McMillan, Joseph Kennedy and Arthur Wahl synthesized
element 94 by bombarding the uranium with deuterons in the cyclotron.
The cyclotron is a particle accelerator used in alternating electric field to
accelerate particles that move in a spiral path in the presence of a
magnetic field. The deuterons are particles made of a proton and a
neutron. They named the element 94 to plutonium. In the periodic table of
elements, elements with atomic number higher than 92 are belong to the
group or family of transuranium elements. Since, elements neptunium and
plutonium have atomic number 93 and 94 respectively are grouped in the
family of transuranium elements. These elements are unstable and
radioactively decay into other elements. The transuranium elements are
created using nuclear reactors or particle accelerators. The particle
accelerators are used to create new elements in the laboratory. These
elements are synthesized in the laboratory and considered as synthetic
elements.
D. Application Let us see how far you have learned this topic.
Fill in what is missing in the ZApen table.
Element Z A (p+) (e) (n0)

Symbol
Ar 18 40
V. ASSESSMENT
Multiple Choice. Read and analyze each question. Write the letter
that corresponds to your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1.The atomic number is based from the number of .

a.protons and electrons in the atom’s nucleus.
b.protonsin the atom’s nucleus.
c.electrons and neutrons in the atom’s nucleus.
d. electrons in the atom’s nucleus.
2. The mass number of an element is determined by .

a. the number of protons in the nucleus.
b. the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
c. the number of electrons in the nucleus.
d. the number of protons and electrons in the nucleus.
3. The atomic number is equal to the number of .

a. electrons and neutrons
b. protons and neutrons
c. protons and electrons
d. mass number and electrons
4. The atomic number of lithium is 3, how many numbers of protons and

electrons will the lithium have?
a. 3 protons and 6 electrons

b. 1 proton and 2 electrons
c. 2 protons and 1 electron
d. 3 protons and 3 electrons
5. The mass number of magnesium is 24, therefore, magnesium atom has

a. 12 protons and 12 electrons
b. 12 electrons and 12 neutrons
c. 12 protons and 12 neutrons

d. 24 protons and 0 neutrons
6. The element technetium has an atomic number of .

a. 43
b. 45
c. 93
d. 94
7. What is the element discovered by Edwin McMillan?

a. Technetium
b. Plutonium
c. Neptunium
d. Uranium
8. The particle accelerator is used to synthesize new elements, which of

the following pairs is the correct match?
a. Linear particle accelerator to technetium
b. Fast moving alpha particle to plutonium
c. Cyclotron particle accelerator to uranium
d. Chemical particle accelerator to neptunium
9. A particle that is composed of a proton and neutron.

a. Cyclotron
b. Dendeteron
c. Deuteron
d. Celeron
10.Which of the following elements is belong to the family of

transuranium elements?
a. Carbon
b. Technetium
c. Molybdenum
d.Plutonium
VI. ASSIGNMENT
Using the periodic table of elements. Complete what is missing in each
box. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answer.
Element
# of Z A # of e- # of no Element
symbol
p+ name
52
22
19
83
32
Prepared by:
ARTRO R. NEBRIDA JR.

SHS Teacher

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LESSON PLAN

The learners demonstrate an understanding of how the concept of

II. SUBJECT MATTER

B. Analysis What is atomic number?

What is the essential role of atomic number in creating new elements?

In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of

The synthesis of new elements

In 1940, the element astatine with atomic number 85 is synthesized by the

Fill in what is missing in the ZApen table.

Element Z A (p+) (e) (n0)

1.The atomic number is based from the number of .

2. The mass number of an element is determined by .

3. The atomic number is equal to the number of .

4. The atomic number of lithium is 3, how many numbers of protons and

a. 3 protons and 6 electrons

5. The mass number of magnesium is 24, therefore, magnesium atom has

c. 12 protons and 12 neutrons

6. The element technetium has an atomic number of .

7. What is the element discovered by Edwin McMillan?

8. The particle accelerator is used to synthesize new elements, which of

9. A particle that is composed of a proton and neutron.

10.Which of the following elements is belong to the family of

ARTRO R. NEBRIDA JR.

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