The Influence of Work Life Balance Serva

Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education Vol.12 No.
4 (2021), 1511-1529
Research Article
The Influence of Work-Life Balance, Servant Leadership, and

Reward to Employee Engagement with Job Satisfaction as Mediator
Andyan Pradipta Utama1 *, Tri Ratna Murti2, Netty Merdiaty3
1)
Faculty of Economic and Business, Mercu Buana University,
2)
Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Persada Indonesia YAI
3)
Faculty of Psychology, Bhayangkara University
1
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Article History: Received: 11 January 2021; Accepted: 27 February 2021; Published online: 5 April 2021
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research is to test the influence of work and personal balance, servant leadership, the reward of employee
engagement with job satisfaction variables as mediators. The type of research used is explanatory research with a quantitative
approach. The research hypothesis is a theoretical model consisting of the influence of work-life balance, servant leadership,
and reward with mediator job satisfaction that can be used to predict and explain the emee engagement (FIT) with empirical
data. The research respondent is the employee of Bank X in Bandung as much as 205 employees while the method of measuring
data using a work-life balance scale, servant leadership and reward as an exogenous with a mediator job satisfaction to the
employee engagement as endogenous with RMSEA 0.049. Data analysis using structural equation model (SEM) by using linear
structural model (LISREL) version 8.72. Hypothesis testing structural relations included 5 variables fit, has the meaning the
model matched (FIT) with field data. Hypothesis testing the structural relationship variables of the work-life balance, servant
leadership, and reward simultaneously were able to describe the KK variable by 0.80 or 80%, while the relationship of job
satisfaction against employee engagement 0.42 or 42%. The model accepted and the statement about the relationship of a
variety of variables used is valid as a construct and can be inferred as the structural relationship.
.
Keywords: Job satisfaction, work, and personal balance, servant leadership, reward, and employee engagement
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
INTRODUCTION
The concept of employee engagement is not well known. A similar concept that is often used and well known to
many individuals is the concept of job satisfaction that has been widely used in various companies. The concept
of attachment and the concept of satisfaction is not much different, however, the concept of attachment is
considered more important than the concept of satisfaction, because this factor encourages employees to do their
maximum effort beyond what is expected, even this attachment factor is also able to influence the employee's
decision to stay or leave the company, satisfaction work only encourages personal commitment, whereas employee
engagement encourages mutual commitment. This is the meaning of attachment to the company, namely the
existence of a joint commitment between the company and its employees and their work which will eventually
acquire attachment.
On the other hand, said that attachment itself is influenced by various variables, one of which is the job
satisfaction felt by employees, the higher the satisfaction felt by employees, the higher the attachment. Another
factor that triggers attachment is when employees know their job career path clearly, and give appreciation in the
form of non-extrinsic rewards, namely recognition of their existence in the organization, in addition to attracting
employees to become attached, namely by offering activities and initiatives that are in line with natural competitive
nature. employees rather than continually rewarding or rewarding them with financial incentives.
McLeod (2009) stated that the embedded organization has authentic strength and values, with clear
evidence of trust and fairness based on mutual respect, where both have promises and commitments between
superiors and employees that are understood and fulfilled. From the employee's perspective, personal relationships
with direct superiors and leadership style and strategy are key. The attitudes and actions of superiors immediately
become role models for employees which can ultimately increase attachment or vice versa create an atmosphere
in which employees become detached. What's more, for both gene Y and gen X, the leader's ability to receive
input, directing and monitoring correctly and openly as well as superior communication techniques regarding the
state of the organization are important things for employees in getting satisfaction in the organization. The leader's
function is to move followers to follow or carry out what the leader orders or wants. Certain individuals are born
with talents as leaders, but there are also those whose leadership traits are created in the process. However, the
qualities of a leader are generally obtained and shaped not in an instant, but through a process that requires time
and effort. Certain individuals are born with talents as leaders, but there are also those whose leadership traits are
created in the process. However, the qualities of a leader are generally obtained and shaped not in an instant, but
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Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education Vol.12 No.4 (2021), 1511-1529
Research Article
through a process that requires time and effort. Certain individuals are born with talents as leaders, but there are
also those whose leadership traits are created in the process. However, the qualities of a leader are generally
obtained and shaped not in an instant, but through a process that requires time and effort.
According to Robertson-Smith & Markwick (2009), the characteristics of servant leader behavior grow
from individual values and beliefs. Personal values such as fairness and integrity are independent variables that
drive the behavior of serving leaders. Servant leadership is a type or style of leadership developed to overcome the
leadership crisis experienced by the community or nation. Servant leadership has advantages because the
relationship between the leader and subordinates is oriented towards the nature of serving with spiritual-moral
standards. Leaders who have this characteristic have a responsibility to serve the interests of their subordinates to
be more prosperous. Servant leadership can be applied to all professional fields, organizations, institutions,
companies, and government because it is service and universal. Serving leaders can influence productivity in real
organizational situations.
Greenleaf (2002) stated that servant leadership is service-oriented, knowledge-based, participatory,

process, ethical and social responsibility aspects, which can ease scandals or conflicts in organizations. The high
number of employees who leave gen Y can hinder the company from developing, if it continues, the company will
experience losses which have an impact on the recruitment, selection, training, and development process of
employees, as well as in terms of corporate social dynamics, it has an impact on reducing cohesiveness within the
team morale, can even increase conflict among employees (Kuean et al., 2010). Leave employees can also have a
negative impact on company administration and can affect the financial and social conditions of the work
environment (Butali, Wesang'ula,
Gen Y employees are often confused about their desires and their work and even their hobbies. Generation
Y needs a balance between their work and their roles (work-life balance) in their social life. Research by Ummu
(2011), shows that employees with conflicting personal and work needs are several times more likely to suffer
from mood swings, anxiety, and addictive substance abuse disorders than employees without a need conflict. On
the other hand, Ivancevich (2010) say that role conflict occurs when an individual's compliance with a set of
expectations regarding a job conflict with adherence to another set of expectations. Therefore, there needs to be an
effort to balance work and life,
Employees who focus on mastery of skills rather than rewards will be more enthusiastic about their work.
A focus on personal improvement and skill development keeps motivation high in the long run. Mastery of
expertise is one of the motivational factors that come from within the person himself, namely intrinsic motivation.
There were differences in research results regarding the effect of reward and recognition on attachment. The
research results of Nusatria & Suharnomo (2011) show that appreciation and recognition affect employee
attachment, while Saragih & Margaretha (2013) that appreciation and recognition do not affect employee
attachment.
Based on the background of the above problems, the authors are interested in researching the effect of
balance between work and personal and serving and rewarding leaders on the attachment of gen Y employees with
job satisfaction mediators.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Employee Engagement
Employee attachment is a psychological state of employees, in which employees feel an interest in the
success of the company and are motivated to improve their performance beyond the required work standards.
Employee attachment can also be defined as employees' positive behavior towards the organization as well as the
value that employees have towards the organizations involved and being aware of the business context and working
with colleagues to improve performance for the benefit of the organization. Saks (2006) stated that employee
attachment is a multi-aspectual form of emotional, cognitive, and physical aspects of employees that are
intertwined and is one of the concepts developed from positive psychology and positive organizational behavior.
Robertson-Smith & Markwick (2009) stated that employees can be divided into three types related to the
level of employee attachment, namely employees who are attached, not attached, and active but not attached.
Employees who have attachments will work with passion and feel a deep connection with the company.
Meanwhile, employees who do not have attachments will work such as walking while sleeping throughout the
working time, working with always thinking about the end of working hours, and not contributing more to the
company. In the third category, active employees who do not have attachment are not only unhappy in their work,
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employees actively show that they do not like their work, even to the point of messing with the work of other
employees who have an attachment.
Based on some of the opinions above, what is meant by employee attachment is a positive attitude that
employees have with full meaning, as well as high motivational energy, having a desire to try, with full
concentration on the task.
Job satisfaction
Job satisfaction is a form of individual feeling and expression when able or unable to meet the
expectations of the work process and performance. According to Robbins (2013), job satisfaction is a positive
feeling about the job that results from an evaluation of its characteristics. Job satisfaction is a pleasant emotional
state that results from job appraisal or work experience and is the way employees feel about themselves or their
work or personal conditions.
Mathis & Jackson (2001) stated that job satisfaction is a positive emotional state which is the result of
evaluating individual work experiences. Job satisfaction arises based on an assessment of the work situation, an
assessment is made of one of his jobs as a sense of appreciation in achieving important values at work. Satisfied
employees prefer their work situation rather than dislike them. Feelings related to job satisfaction and
dissatisfaction tend to reflect the employee's interpretation of his current and past work experiences rather than his
expectations for the future.
Based on the various opinions above, it can be concluded that job satisfaction is the feeling of pleasure of
employees towards various aspects of their work.
Work and personal balance
Work and personal balance are defined as a personal balance between life at work and other lives as social
beings. The meaning of balance here is not the same as based on quantity or quantity, but it means more
psychologically, of course, it will be different from one individual to another. Balance in the context of this research
does not always take the form of a scale. For example, employees who are not married and who are married work
outside the city and live separately from their families, for those who are not married this will not have an impact
on their personal life, but for those who are married, living separately from their families has an imbalance in their
personal life. because there is a family to watch out for. So that the size becomes very different, for that there is no
right size whether it is balanced or not because each individual has different life and priorities in his life. Therefore,
the company must think about the work and personal balance strategy that is implemented in its company by
understanding the needs of its employees which of course differ from one employee to another and understanding
the balance desired or needed by its employees.
Dundas stated (in Noor 2011) that work and personal balance in the effective management of work and
other important activities such as family, community activities, volunteer work, personal development, tourism
a,nd recreation.
Based on the opinions of the experts above, what is meant by work and personal balance is an individual's
perception of his ability to be able to balance employee time in two places, namely the work environment and the
environment outside of work.
Serving leaders
Serving leaders are leaders who are humble, prioritizing sincerity, honesty with their own selves. Modesty
means keeping things as simple as possible, without the slightest bit of emotional stress. As stated by Walters
(2000), the modesty of a leader can also be grown if individuals want to see their role as merely serving other
individuals. The main priority of the servant leader is how to develop followers, internal community, and externals,
not to be selfish.
According to Lantu et al., (2007) the concept of serving leaders emphasizes the importance of respecting
humans as God's creatures so that leaders assume that empowerment and development of followers is a mandate
that must be fulfilled. Follower development, which means that prioritizing other individuals is a basic character
of servant leadership. This is done by using actions and words that show followers are priority, placing the interests
and successes of followers above the leader's interests and successes.
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Based on some of the opinions above, what is meant by serving leadership is a leader who prioritizes
individual appreciation and development, builds community and shows authenticity.
appreciation
Awards are all things obtained in the form of money, goods, directly or indirectly received by employees
as rewards or services provided to companies (Hasibuan, 2007). The joining of an individual in a company or
organization as a member is certainly accompanied by various expectations that their needs can be met by the
company, in return for their participation in the achievement of some of the company's goals, the company makes
it possible to pay its employees more than just a salary or basic wage, but it is also possible to provide various
allowances, as well as awards, both material and non-material according to their respective achievements.
Awards must be given at the right time, and should be given after the employee has performed the
performance that should have been rewarded. If not given immediately, the award will lose the impact of the
moment of truth as a motivator. The impact of the award must be felt in the long term and can produce more value
if the feeling of happiness generated by the award lasts long in the recipient's memory. Awards must be changeable,
award givers are often wrong in setting awards and some award decisions are more difficult to change than others.
Rewards require an efficient cost that is able to motivate employees as expected by the company with minimum
costs.
Based on some of the opinions above, in this study what is meant by award is the reward given in both
material and non-material form which the company provides to its employees.
Generation Y
According to Tulgan & Martin (2001) Generation Y is a generation born in 1978, while according to Howe
& Strauss (2000) generation Y is a generation born in 1982, this occurs because of differences in the schemes used
to classify these generations. because these researchers came from different countries.
Generation Y is the generation that dominates the world of work in Indonesia and abroad today. Generation
Y is a group of young people born in early 1980 to early 2000 (Horowitz, 2013). Generation Y is a generation that
often applies creativity and focuses on self-development so they tend to choose jobs that are fun and tend to have
fun (Maharani et al., 2015) The formation of generation Y cannot be separated from the role of previous
generations. Generation Y is formed from the development of technology and information science. Previous
researchers said that there was a similarity between the general portrait of Y generation in Indonesia and the
demographic figures in the US and Europe
Lyons & Rogers (2004) stated that the characteristics of generation Y are the characteristics of each
individual is different, depending on where he was raised, the economic and social strata of the family, as well as
communication patterns, fanatical social media users and their lives are very much affected by technological
developments, more open to political and economic views, so that generation Y looks very reactive to the changes
in the environment that occur around them, has more attention to wealth.
Framework
The relationship between variables to be tested in this study can be illustrated in the theoretical model below:
Figure 1. Theory Model
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Information:
1. KTK: Employee Engagement
a. KS = Readiness
b. KR = Willingness
c. KB = pride
2. KK: Job Satisfaction
a. KIN = Intrinsic satisfaction

b. KE = Extrinsic Satisfaction
c. KU = general satisfaction
3. KKP: Work and Personal Balance
a. KW = Time balance
b. KP = Balance of roles
c. KEP = The balance of satisfaction
4. PYM: Serving Leader
a. ALT = Altruistic call

b. MM = Emotional healing
c. KEB = Wisdom
d. PES = Persuasive mapping
e. OP = Service organization
5. PH: Award
a. PHF = Financial reward

b. PHM = Appreciation attached
c. PHN = Non-financial award
Research Hypothesis
Based on the literature review that has been described, in general it can be said that work and personal
balance as well as leaders who serve and reward in this study as dependent or exogenous variables, affect employee
attachment as an independent or endogenous variable and job satisfaction variables as a mediator or intervening.
Based on of a theoretical model of the relationship between variables, then the hypothesis of this study is
as follows:
1. There is an influence of work and personal balance, a leader who serves on employee attachment and rewards
with job satisfaction variables as a mediator fit with empirical data on gen Y employees at BANK X in Bandung
2. There is an effect of job satisfaction as a mediator on employee attachment to gen Y employees at BANK X in
Bandung
3. There is an effect of work and personal balance on employee engagement with job satisfaction as a mediator
for gen Y employees at BANK X in Bandung.
4. There is the influence of a leader serving on employee engagement with job satisfaction as a gen Y employee
mediator at BANK X in Bandung.
5. There is an effect of appreciation on employee engagement with job satisfaction as a mediator for gen Y
employees at BANK X in Bandung.
RESEARCH METHODS
The method of measuring the data of this study uses a scale of work and personal balance, serving leaders
and rewards as exogenous with job satisfaction mediators of employee attachment as endogenous with RMSEA
0.049. Data analysis used the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using the Linear Structural Model (LISREL)
version 8.72. Testing the structural relationship hypothesis which includes the 5 fit variables means that the model
is fitted with the field data. The hypothesis testing of the structural relationship between work and personal balance
variables,
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Employee engagement scale.
Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), an indicator that contributes to the latent variable of employee engagement is
shown in table 1 below:
Table 1.
Employee Attachment Scale Validity Test
Variable Standardize loading factor (SLF) ≥ 0.50 Significancy
CFA
KS 1.00 Significant
KR 0.91 Significant
KB 0.97 Significant
Source: Primary Data 2019
Based on table 1, it can be seen that the standardized loading factor
≥ 0.50 it can be said that the validity of the observed variables is good. Reliability measurement aims to determine
the reliability of respondents in each aspect and the variance of the extract to determine the amount of
variance/construct formed by each aspect. To measure the two tests, SLF results and measurement errors were
obtained on the CFA.
Figure 2: Employee Attachment Path
Information:
KS = Readiness, KR = Willingness, KB = Pride. Based on the path diagram (standardize), the validity of employee
engagement, the results of the reliability test of the employee attachment scale are as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2.
Reliability of constructs and variance of extract reliability
Indicator SLF (λ) λ2 Measurement Error [(1- (λ 2))]
KTK1 0.85 0.7225 0.1275
KTK2 0.52 0.2704 0.2496
KTK3 0.70 0.4900 0.2100
KTK4 0.66 0.4356 0.2244
KTK5 074 0.5476 0.1924
KTK7 0.75 0.5625 0.1875
KTK8 0.67 0.4489 0.2211
KTK9 0.69 0.4761 0.2139
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KTK10 0.80 0.6400 0.1600

KTK11 0.65 0.4225 0.2275
KTK12 0.66 0.4356 0.2244
∑ 7.69 5.3706 2.3194
The value of construct reliability is as follows:
(∑λ) 2
CR = = 0.96
[(∑λ) 2 + ∑ (ε)]
PC value = 0.96
Value for Variance Extracted (VE) = ∑λ2 / ∑λ2 + ∑ε = 0.69
Based on the calculation, the construct reliability value is 0.96 which means that the employee attachment
reliability is 0.96 while the variance extracted value is to show the variance of the VE 0.69 aspect is the same as
the standard set by CR which is ≥ 0.70 and ≥ 0.50 for VE (Setyohadi, 2006 in Kusnendi, 2008) the CR and VE
assessment results for employee attachment are reliable. This means that the aspects contained in the measurement
model are composite and consistent can measure the latent variable of employee attachment
Table 3.
GOF (Goodness of Fit Structural Model) Employee Engagement Scale
GOF size Decision criteria Value count Information
Satorra-Bentler small value 24.41 (P = 0.71)
Scaled Chisquare p> 0.05 Good
RMSEA ≤0.08 0.042 Good
GFI ≥ 0.90 0.95 Good
AGFI ≥ 0.90 0.88 Moderate
NFI ≥ 0.90 0.99 Good
NNFI ≥ 0.90 1.00 Good
Based on the results of the above analysis, it shows that all measurement models meet the fit criteria based
on the predetermined fit index and the magnitude of the numbers has been mentioned above for each instrument
involved in the study. Based on the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that all measurement models can
be accepted as fit models with data from the field. Therefore a significance test can be carried out.
Job Satisfaction Scale
Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), aspects that contribute to latent variables of employee satisfaction are as
shown in Figure 3 below:
Figure 3: Path to the Employee Satisfaction scale
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Information: KIN = Technical Satisfaction KE = Extrinsic Satisfaction KU = General Satisfaction
Based on the Path Diagram (Standardize), the validity of forming employee satisfaction, the results of the
validity and reliability test of the employee satisfaction scale are as shown in table 4 below:
Table 4
Validity Test of Job Satisfaction Scale
CFA
KS 0.93 Significant
KR 0.88 Significant
KB 0.89 Significant
Based on table 4, it can be seen that the standardized loading factor of ≥ 0.50 says that the validity of the
observed variables is good. Reliability measurement aims to determine the reliability of respondents in each aspect
and the variance of the extract to determine the amount of variance/construct formed by each aspect. To measure
the two tests, the SLF results and measurement error at CFA were obtained as in table 5 below:
Table 5
Construction Reliability and Extrak Reliability Variance
KK1 0.76 0.5776 0.1824
KK2 0.67 0.4489 0.2211
KK3 0.56 0.3136 0.2464
KK4 0.60 0.36 0.24
KK5 0.54 0.2916 0.2484
KK8 0.61 0.3721 0.2379
KK9 0.62 0.3844 0.2356
KK10 0.79 0.6241 0.1659
KK11 0.68 0.4624 0.2176
KK12 0.61 0.3721 0.2379
KK13 0.86 0.7396 0.1204
KK14 0.78 0.6084 0.1716
KK15 0.77 0.5929 0.1771
KK16 0.60 0.36 0.24
∑ 9.45 6,5077 2.9423
(∑λ) 2
CR = = 0.97.
[(∑λ) 2 + ∑ (ε)]
Value for Variance Extracted (VE) = (∑λ2)

= 0.68
(∑λ2) + ∑ε
Based on the calculation, the construct reliability value is 0.97 which means that the employee satisfaction
reliability is 0.97 while the extracted variance value is 0.68 to show the variance of the VE aspect = with the
standard set by CR is ≥ 0.70 and ≥ 0.50 for VE (Setyohadi, 2006 in Kusnendi, 2008), the results of CR and VE
assessments for job satisfaction are reliable. This means that the aspects contained in the measurement model are
composite and consistent can measure the latent variable of job satisfaction. The suitability of the variables in the
study can be seen in table 6 below:
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Table6.
Gof (Goodness of Fit Structural Model)Employee satisfaction scale
Satorra-Bentler Scaled small value
70.30 (P = 0.25) Good
Chi-Square p> 0.05
GFI ≥ 0.90 0.95 Good
AGFI ≥ 0.90 0.92 Good
NFI ≥ 0.90 0.98 Good
NNFI ≥ 0.90 1.00 Good
Work and Personal Balance Scale
Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), an indicator that contributes to the latent variables of work and
personal balance is as illustrated in Figure 4 below:
Figure 4: Path of work and personal balance
Note: KW = KW balance = Role balance. KEP = Satisfaction Balance
Based on the Path Diagram (Standardize), it is the validity of forming job and personal satisfaction, so
the results of the validity and reliability test are as shown in table 7 below:
Table 7.
Validity Test of work and personal balance variables.
CFA
KW 0.72 Significant
KP 1.00 Significant
KEP 0.72 Significant
Based on table 21, it can be seen that the standardized loading factor of ≥ 0.50 can be said that the validity of the
and the variance of the extract is to determine the amount of variance/construct formed by each aspect. To measure
the two tests, the SLF results and measurement error at CFA were obtained which are in table 8 below:
Table 8.
Reliability of the constructand Variance of Extrak Reliability
KKP4 0.6 0.36 0.64
KKP 5 0.61 0.3721 0.6279
KKP6 0.94 0.8836 0.1164
KKP7 0.74 0.5476 0.4524
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KKP8 0.72 0.5184 0.4816

KKP9 0.53 0.2809 0.7191
KKP 11 0.52 0.2704 0.7296
KKP12 0.84 0.7056 0.2944
KKP13 0.68 0.4624 0.5376
∑ 6.18 4,401 1,779

CR = (∑λ) 2
= 0.95
[(∑λ) 2 + ∑ (ε)]
Value for Variance Extracted (VE) = (∑λ2) / (∑λ2) + ∑ (ε) = 0.71
Based on the calculation, the construct reliability value is 0.95 which means that the reliability of work
and personal balance is 0.95 while the variance extracted value of 0.71 is to show that the variance of the VE aspect
is the same as the standard set by CR which is ≥ 0.7 percent and ≥ 0.50 for VE (Setyohadi, 2006 in Kusnendi,
2008), the results of CR and VE assessments for work and personal balance are reliable. This means that the aspects
contained in the measurement model are composite and consistent can measure the latent variables of work and
personal balance. The suitability of the variables in the study can be seen in table 9 below:
Table 9.
GOF (Goodness of Fit Structural Model) scale work and personal balance
Satorra-Bentler Scaled small value
19.28 (P = 0.20) Good
Chi-Square p> 0.05
GFI ≥ 0.90 0.97 Good
AGFI ≥ 0.90 0.91 Good
NFI ≥ 0.90 0.98 Good
NNFI ≥ 0.90 0.99 Good
Serving Leader Scale
Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), aspects that contribute to the latent variable of serving leaders as depicted in
figure 6 below
Description: ALT = Altruistic Call MM = Emotional Healing KEB = Wisdom. PES = Persuasive Mapping. OP =
Service Organization.
Based on the path diagram (standardize), the validity of serving leaders, the validity and reliability test
results can be seen in table 10 below:
Figure 5.
Table 10
Test the Validity of the Serving Leader Variable
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CFA
ALT 0.96 Significant
MM 0.97 Significant
KEB 0.99 Significant
PES 0.98 Significant
OP 0.99 Significant
Based on table 10, it can be seen that the standardized loading factor ≥ of 0.50 can be said that the validity
of the observed variables is good. Reliability measurement aims to determine the reliability of respondents in each
aspect and the variance of the extract is to determine the amount of variance/construct formed by each aspect. To
measure the two tests, the SLF results and measurement errors are obtained as shown in table 11 below:
Table 11.
INDICATOR SLF (λ) λ2 MEASUREMENT ERROR [(1- (λ 2))]
PYM1 0.68 0.4624 0.5376
PYM2 0.55 0.3025 0.6975
PYM4 0.72 0.5184 0.4816
PYM5 0.81 0.6561 0.3439
PYM6 0.73 0.5329 0.4671
PYM7 0.79 0.6241 0.3759
PYM8 0.78 0.6084 0.3916
PYM9 0.80 0.6400 0.3600
PYM10 0.84 0.7056 0.2944
PYM11 0.76 0.5776 0.4224
PYM12 0.72 0.5184 0.4816
PYM13 0.65 0.4225 0.5775
PYM14 0.87 0.7569 0.2431
PYM15 0.86 0.7396 0.2604
PYM16 0.59 0.3481 0.6519
PYM17 0.79 0.6241 0.3759
PYM18 0.75 0.5625 0.4375
∑ 12.69 9,6001 3.0899
CR = (∑λ) 2 = 0.98
=
[(∑λ) 2 + ∑ ((ε)
Value for Variance Extracted (VE) = (∑λ2)

= 0.75
(∑λ2) + ∑ (ε)
Based on the calculation, the construct reliability value is 0.98 which means the reliability of the serving
leader is 0.93, while the Variance Extracted value is 0.75 to show that the variance of the VE aspect is the same as
the standard set by CR is ≥ 0.70 percent and ≥ 0.50 for VE (Setyohadi, 2006 in Kusnendi, 2008), the results of CR
and VE assessments for serving leaders are reliable. This means that the aspects contained in the measurement
model in a composite and consistent manner can measure the latent variables that form serving leaders. The
suitability of the variables in the study can be seen in table 26 below:
Table 12
GOF (Goodness of Fit Structural Model) scale serving leaders
Satorra-Bentler Scaled small value 68.04 (P = 0.00099)
Good
Chi-Square p> 0.05
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GFI ≥ 0.90 0.90 Good

AGFI ≥ 0.90 0.84 Marginal
NFI ≥ 0.90 0.98 Good
NNFI ≥ 0.90 0.99 Good
Award Scale
Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), indicators that contribute to the latent variable of appreciation are shown in
Figure 6 below:
Figure 6. Path standardize reward scale
Caption of Figure 6: PHF = Financial Award. PHM = Appreciation attached. PHN = Non-Financial Award
Based on the Path Diagram (Standardize), based on the 5 path diagram (standardized), the results of the validity
and reliability test of the award scale are as shown in table 12 below.
Table 12.
Award Variable Validity Test
Indicator Standardize loading factor (SLF) ≥ 0.50 Significancy
CFA
PHF 092 Significant
PHM 0.98 Significant
PHN 0.95 Significant
Based on table 12 above, with a standardized loading factor ≥ 0.50, it can be said that the validity of the
and the variance of the extract is to determine the amount of variance / construct formed by each aspect. To measure
the two tests, the SLF results and measurement error at CFA were obtained which are shown in table 13 below:
Table 13
PH1 0.7 0.49 0.51
PH2 0.69 0.4761 0.5239
PH3 0.86 0.7396 0.2604
PH4 0.74 0.5476 0.4524
PH5 0.79 0.6241 0.3759
PH6 0.8 0.64 0.36
PH7 0.75 0.5625 0.4375
PH8 0.63 0.3969 0.6031
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PH9 0.69 0.4761 0.5239

PH10 0.66 0.4356 0.5644
PH11 0.92 0.8464 0.1536
PH12 0.88 0.7744 0.2256
PH13 0.9 0.81 0.19
PH14 0.85 0.7225 0.2775
PH15 0.89 0.7921 0.2079
PH16 0.84 0.7056 0.2944
PH17 0.84 0.7056 0.2944
PH18 0.88 0.7744 0.2256
PH19 0.88 0.7744 0.2256
PH20 0.85 0.7225 0.2775
PH21 0.77 0.5929 0.4071
∑ 15.42 12.6432 7,3907
The value of the award construct reliability is as follows:
(∑λ) 2
CR = = 0.98
[(∑λ) 2 + ∑ (ε)]
Value for Variance Extracted (VE) = (∑λ2 = 0.63

(∑λ2) + ∑ε
Based on the calculation, the construct reliability value is 0.96 which means that the award reliability is
0.95 while the extracted variance value is to show the variance of the VE aspect of 0.63 according to the standard
set by CR which is ≥ 0.70 percent and ≥ 0.50 for VE (Setyohadi, 2006 in Kusnendi, 2008), the results of CR and
VE assessments for awards are reliable. This means that the items contained in the measurement model are
composite and can consistently measure the latent variable of appreciation. The suitability of the variables in the
study can be seen in table 14 below:
Table 14
GOF (Goodness of fit Structural Model) Award
Satorra-Bentler Scaled 222.70 (P = 0.00) Good
small value p> 0.05
Chi-Square
RMSEA ≤ 0.08 0.00 Good
GFI ≥ 0.90 0.91 Good
AGFI ≥ 0.90 0.84 Marginal
NFI ≥ 0.90 0.99 Good
NNFI ≥ 0.90 1.00 Good
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Hypothesis test
Figure 7: Path Hybrid Model T Value
Overall Model Evaluation
Figure 8: Path Hybrid Standardized Model
In the model fit test (GoF), it concludes that the model is acceptable, meaning that the model obtained
can be used to test predetermined research hypotheses. By using the robust maximum likelihood estimation
method, the analysis is completed as in table 15 below:
Table 15
Evaluation Result of GoF Hybrid From Research Model
GOF size Decision Criteria Compute Value Information
Satorra-Bentler Small value 143.70 (P = 0.0015) Good
Scaled Chi-Square p> 0.05
RMSEA ≤008 0.049 Good
GFI ≥0.90 0.91 Good
AGFI ≥0.90 0.86 Marginal
NFI ≥0.90 0.97 Good
NNFI ≥0.90 0.99 Good
The results of the overall fit model in Table 15 show that the overall compatibility index has met the good
fit parameters, RMSEA, NFI, NNFI, GFI, all have a fit value, and the AGFI value has a marginal value. With this
in mind, the model is feasible and meets the GoF so that overall it can be concluded that the estimated structural
model is acceptable.
Evaluate the suitability of the measurement model
The results of the fit model test on the theoretical model show that the model has a fit index with the data.
The result of the t value ≥ 1.96 according to some research experts, the minimum limit of t value which is
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considered feasible in confirmatory research is not less than 1.96 (Hair, et al, 1998; Gozali, 2004). The reliability
of the model is indicated by two measures, namely construct reliability and variance extracted, both measures have
previously been proven valid and reliable. The test results can be seen in table 16 below;
Table 16
Significance test results and the load factor Hybrid model (n = 205)
The value Factor CR VE
No. Scale Error
of t count load
Employee Engagement
KS 0.00 0.60 0.64
1 0.96 0.69
KR 6.20 0.56 0.69
KB 7.81 0.72 0.49
Job satisfaction
KIN 0.00 0.83 0.31
2 0.97 0/68
TO 21.96 0.94 0.12
MY 9.90 0.78 0.40
Work and personal balance
10.96
KW 0.74 0.45
3 11.40 0.95 0.71
KP 0.74 0.46
12.37
KEP 0.81 0.35
Serving leaders
ALT 16.02 0.93 0.00
MM 10.77 0.81 0.06
4 0.98 0.75
KEB 12.07 0.78 0.05
PES 10.47 0.80 0.37
OP 14.65 0.88 0.23
appreciation
PHF 13.05 0.80 0.37
5 0.98 0.63
PHM 8.69 0.61 0.62
PHN 15.79 0.85 0.28
Hypothesis testing of structural relationships
From the various measures of fit mentioned above, it can be generally concluded that the overall fit is good.
After the theoretical model fits (goodness of fit) as described above, then the structural relationship hypothesis
testing between variables can be done by testing the structural relationship hypothesis between variables; Structural
Equations
KK = 0.018 * KKP + 0.67 * PYM + 0.28 * PH, Errorvar. = 0.20, R² = 0.80
(0.034) (0.13) (0.098) (0.047)
0.53 5.23 2.83 4.30
This means: PYM and PH significantly affect KN as indicated by the t-value of the two variables> 1.96,
and one does not significantly affect the KKP variable. The three variables are simultaneously able to explain the
variability of the KK variable by 0.80 or 80% so that the magnitude of the influence of other variables is 100% -
80% = 20%
While the relationship between job satisfaction and employee attachment can be seen as follows:
CEC = 0.89 * KK, Errorvar. = 0.58, R² = 0.42
(0.14) (0.17)
6.52 3.43
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Meaning: KK significantly influences CEC as indicated by the t value of 6.52> 1.96, KK is able to be a
mediator of 3 exogenous variables on CEC as endogenous by 56%, so the magnitude of the influence of other
exogenous variables not studied is 100% - 42% = 58% .
With the acceptance of the model, the statement regarding the relationship between various constructs in this
variable is a structural relationship, it can be seen in the equation above, it can be concluded that the research
hypothesis is as follows:
Major Hypothesis.
Hypothesis testing of structural relationships that includes the 5 variable fit hypothesis can be accepted as a
model that fits (fit) with data from the field. This means that the results obtained are "a theoretical model of the
influence of work balance, serving leaders and rewards through job satisfaction as a mediator have an effect on
employee engagement with work balance and personal fit, leaders serving fit, reward is fit ).
1) Hypothesis 1.
Job satisfaction on employee attachment from the results of data analysis obtained a t statistic of 6.52> 1.96
and a standard loading factor of 0.89, which means that employee satisfaction has a direct, positive and significant
effect on employee attachment.
2) Hypothesis 2.
Work and personal balance on job satisfaction from the data obtained a statistical t value of 0.53 <1.96 and
β 0.018, which means that work and personal balance does not have a direct and positive effect on job satisfaction.
It also seems that the influence of work and personal balance on attachment does not indirectly have a significant
effect, the KKP towards the KK = 0.013, the KK to the KTK = 0.79 so that the KKP towards the KK = 0.018 *
0.80 = 0.015 and the direct effect of the KKP towards the KK is (0.015) 2 = 0.0020 . It seems that work-personal
balance has no direct or indirect effect on gen Y employee attachment to the organization.
3) Hypothesis 3.
Leaders who serve on employee satisfaction from the data obtained that the t value is 5.23> 1.96 and β
0.67, which means that the leader who serves has a positive effect on job satisfaction. It seems that the influence
of the serving leader on employee attachment is indirect, from PYM to KK = 0.67, KK to KTK = 0.89, so PYM to
KK = 0.67 * 0.89 = 0.5963. It seems that the leader who serves to become attached to the organization must go
through job satisfaction as a mediator.
4) Hypothesis 4.
Appreciation for job satisfaction from the data obtained t count of 2.83> 1.96 and β 0.28 have a significant
positive effect on job satisfaction, meaning that rewards have a positive effect on job satisfaction. It seems that the
effect of appreciation on employee attachment is indirect, from PH to KK = 0.28, KK to KTK = 0.89, so PYM to
KK = 0.28 * 0.89 = 0.2492.
Thus full job satisfaction becomes a mediator of work and personal balance, a serving leader, and an
appreciation for employee engagement.
Discussion
Of the four variables hypothesized in this study; Job satisfaction, work and personal balance, serving leaders
and rewards are only three which are proven to have an impact and have a significant positive effect and one
variable has an effect but is not positively significant on employee engagement through the mediator of job
satisfaction. The explanation for this phenomenon is as follows:
Job satisfaction has a positive and significant impact on employee engagement, this means that higher job
satisfaction encourages higher employee attachment which will eventually form an attitude or assessment of
organizational excellence that is obtained so as to encourage working actively and forming a fanatical attitude that
is relatively permanent in the long term. which is reflected by the item KIN (intrinsic satisfaction) iesatisfaction
that is obtained when employees can successfully carry out their jobs properly. Wijono (2010) stated that job
satisfaction is a pleasant feeling which is the result of individual perceptions in order to complete tasks or fulfill
their needs to obtain work values that are important to themselves. This is confirmed by Locke in Wagner et al.,
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(1995) that job satisfaction is a positive and pleasant emotional level. In other words, job satisfaction is a result of
an individual's estimate of work or positive and pleasurable experiences.
The management of BANK X and all employees should increase the maximum cooperation between
divisions, and foster a sense of empathy and sincerity of employees at work, so employees will feel responsible
for their work and then feel that they can complete the job well. According to Arif & Chohan (2012) that the level
of employee job satisfaction is a manifestation of positive and negative feelings about the workplace and the job
itself.
This opinion is in line with the opinion of Robbins, (2007) that job satisfaction is a general attitude of
individuals towards their work. Work requires interaction with colleagues and superiors, following organizational
rules and policies, meeting performance standards, living in working conditions that are often less than ideal, and
other similar things. This means that the employee's assessment of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with work is a
complex summation of a number of discrete elements of work that are separated from one another.
The concept of job satisfaction is pointed out as the main variable that has a continuous and linear impact
that is beneficial for the HRD department to retain its employees. Because in forming attachment requires efforts
from management in this case HRD to form employee satisfaction through several supporting factors, the
respondent's response to the job satisfaction variable is 80% which is influenced by the 3 supporting variables,
namely:
Work and personal balancehas a positive and insignificant impact on employee attachment through job
satisfaction, which in turn will reduce attachment caused by dissatisfaction at work because they feel unattended
for their balance and work, make employees become independent because they feel they do not have the freedom
to manage work time according to their own needs as personal. According to Singh & Khanna (2011), work-
personal balance is a broad concept that involves setting proper priorities between work, career and ambition, on
the one hand, life, happiness, leisure, family and spiritual development on the other. Work and personal balance
involves the ability of individuals to regulate the number of demands in life simultaneously,
Work and personal balance in general with regard to working time, flexibility, welfare, family,
demographics, migration, leisure and so on, is essential. Not achieving work and personal balance results in low
job satisfaction, low happiness, and employee burnout. Work and personal balance has a good content in work and
also outside of work with minimal conflict (Godlif Christian Poeh, 2017) (Clarke et al., 2018).
Delivered by Boulding et al., (1993) that the occurrence of attachment to employees is due to the influence
of satisfaction and dissatisfaction with work and personal balance that accumulates continuously in addition to
perceptions of work quality, how to create a good work and personal balance in the minds of employees so that
employees attached and fanatical to the organization. This concept was popularized by Lockwood in 2003, that
work and personal balance is a balanced condition on two demands where work and life of employees are the
same, where work and personal balance in the view of employees is the choice of managing work and personal
obligations or family responsibilities. . Another case for the company view, This term is a challenge to form a
supportive culture in the company, where employees can focus on their work in the workplace. The following is
the explanation: In this study, the concept is tried to be applied with the consideration that if this concept is proven
to work well it will provide a new perspective on employee attachment at BANK X. The results of research in the
field show that work and personal balance shows that there is no significant impact on attachment through
satisfaction. work. The concept of work and personal balance was initially considered a powerful enough strategy
to get employees attached, elicitation in the field, especially in Gen Y at BANK X, there is an inverse theory when
the concept of work and personal balance is applied to Gen Y employees, through job satisfaction the results are
positive but not significant effect on attachment through job satisfaction.
Serving leaders have a positive and significant impact on employee attachment through job satisfaction
which in turn will increase the attachment caused by job satisfaction with the influence of the serving leader giving
a tendency to unconditional attachment, accepting deficiencies and continuing to contribute to the organization
because they are sure, then will create a good perception This is reflected in the KEB (Wisdom) and OP (service
organization) items, which describes the extent to which the leader prepares the organization to make positive
contributions to its environment through community service and community development programs and
encourages higher education as a community.
The following is the explanation: Servant leadership is a concept of ethical leadership introduced by
Greenleaf (2002) in 1970 with his book entitled The Servant as Leader. The primary objective of Greenleaf's
research and observations on servant leadership is to build a better and more caring society. Serving leaders are
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leaders who have a soul to serve their employees starting with natural feelings. This choice is made consciously
and individually by a leader is natural feelings and urge to serve will naturally arise. This main thrust is what
differentiates it from other leaders.
According to Spears (2010) (Anik Herminingsih, 2016), a leader who serves is a leader who prioritizes
service, starting with the natural feeling of a leader who wants to serve who puts service first. Furthermore,
consciously, this choice brings aspirations and encouragement in leading other individuals. Meanwhile, according
to Trompenaars & Voerman (2009), a serving leader is a management style in terms of leading and serving in
harmony, and there is interaction with the environment. Serving leaders are leaders who have a strong desire to
serve and lead, the most important thing is to be able to combine the two as things to strengthen each other in a
positive way.
A striking difference can be seen from the main priorities of other individuals served. It can be seen from
the results, whether the employees served grow become wiser, freer, more autonomous individuals, who are
definitely more positive and able to pass on the principle of service itself to other individuals. Empirically, the role
of the leader in BANK X has a very high contribution and has a significant effect on satisfaction, the significance
value of the serving leader provides the largest contribution among the 3 other research variables that are tested on
the formation of job satisfaction and then becomes the reinforcer for employee attachment to the organization
Appreciation has a significant positive impact on employee engagement through job satisfaction. This
implies that the higher the reward provides higher satisfaction for employees and makes the level of attachment
increases. The largest value of the award scale is reflected by the item PHM (embedded reward) is an allowance
given to employees in the form of pride and empathy on the part of the company and PHN (non-financial award)
awards or benefits provided to employees in non-monetary forms such as authority, appreciation and appointment
of employees as company representatives
In this study, the concept of reward was tried to be applied in the formation of attachment through job
satisfaction, this concept began to be popularized by experts, one of which was by Aaker in 1995, this concept is
used with the consideration that if this concept works well, it will shape employee perceptions of job satisfaction.
and influencing attachment, the reward is a reward given to motivate employees to have high productivity (Tohardi,
2002). The results of research conducted by the author at BANK X prove that the data in the field states that
rewards have a positive effect on employees at BANK X, the shift in employee perceptions is influenced by
employees 'views of the institution and also employees' views on the quality of rewards at BANK X,
Awards are incentives that link pay on the basis of being able to increase employee productivity in order to
achieve a competitive advantage (Simamora, 2004). The reward system is one of the many things that are very
often discussed in organizations. Awards can affect organizational effectiveness, attract and at the same time
remember employees as motivation in developing skills and performance. The award also aims to retain employees
in the company from being targeted by other companies. Good and attractive awards are able to minimize the
number of employees who leave the company to join other companies. According to Swansburg (2004),
performance-based rewards can have a positive impact on employee behavior, lead to job satisfaction for
employees,
CONCLUSION
On the basis of a theoretical model of the relationship between variables, then the hypothesis of this study is as
follows:
1. There is an influence of work and personal balance, the leader who serves on employee attachment and
rewards with job satisfaction variables as a fit mediator with empirical data on gen Y employees at BANK
X in Bandung.
2. There is an effect of job satisfaction as a mediator on employee attachment to gen Y employees at BANK
X in Bandung.
3. There is an effect of work and personal balance on employee engagement with job satisfaction as a mediator
for gen Y employees at BANK X in Bandung.
4. There is the influence of a leader serving on employee engagement with job satisfaction as a gen Y
employee mediator at BANK X in Bandung.
5. There is an effect of appreciation on employee engagement with job satisfaction as a mediator for gen Y
employees at BANK X in Bandung.
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Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education Vol.12 No.

The Influence of Work-Life Balance, Servant Leadership, and

Greenleaf (2002) stated that servant leadership is service-oriented, knowledge-based, participatory,

Work and personal balance

Figure 1. Theory Model

1. KTK: Employee Engagement

2. KK: Job Satisfaction

a. KIN = Intrinsic satisfaction

3. KKP: Work and Personal Balance

4. PYM: Serving Leader

a. ALT = Altruistic call

a. PHF = Financial reward

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Employee engagement scale.

Based on table 1, it can be seen that the standardized loading factor

Figure 2: Employee Attachment Path

KTK10 0.80 0.6400 0.1600

The value of construct reliability is as follows:

Value for Variance Extracted (VE) = ∑λ2 / ∑λ2 + ∑ε = 0.69

Job Satisfaction Scale

Figure 3: Path to the Employee Satisfaction scale

Information: KIN = Technical Satisfaction KE = Extrinsic Satisfaction KU = General Satisfaction

The value of construct reliability is as follows:

Value for Variance Extracted (VE) = (∑λ2)

Work and Personal Balance Scale

Figure 4: Path of work and personal balance

Note: KW = KW balance = Role balance. KEP = Satisfaction Balance

KKP8 0.72 0.5184 0.4816

The value of construct reliability is as follows:

Serving Leader Scale

The value of construct reliability is as follows:

Value for Variance Extracted (VE) = (∑λ2)

GFI ≥ 0.90 0.90 Good

Figure 6. Path standardize reward scale

PH9 0.69 0.4761 0.5239

The value of the award construct reliability is as follows:

Value for Variance Extracted (VE) = (∑λ2 = 0.63

Figure 7: Path Hybrid Model T Value

Overall Model Evaluation

Figure 8: Path Hybrid Standardized Model

Evaluate the suitability of the measurement model

Hypothesis testing of structural relationships

KK = 0.018 * KKP + 0.67 * PYM + 0.28 * PH, Errorvar. = 0.20, R² = 0.80

(0.034) (0.13) (0.098) (0.047)

0.53 5.23 2.83 4.30

CEC = 0.89 * KK, Errorvar. = 0.58, R² = 0.42

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