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5 Cross Product

Cross product is the multiplication of two vectors that results in another vector that is perpendicular to the original two vectors. The cross product of two vectors a⃗ and b⃗ is denoted as a⃗ × b⃗ and can be calculated using the determinant formula. The magnitude of the cross product is equal to the product of the magnitudes of the two original vectors multiplied by the sine of the angle between them. The cross product has properties such as being anti-commutative and satisfying the distributive property.

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39 views3 pages

5 Cross Product

Cross product is the multiplication of two vectors that results in another vector that is perpendicular to the original two vectors. The cross product of two vectors a⃗ and b⃗ is denoted as a⃗ × b⃗ and can be calculated using the determinant formula. The magnitude of the cross product is equal to the product of the magnitudes of the two original vectors multiplied by the sine of the angle between them. The cross product has properties such as being anti-commutative and satisfying the distributive property.

Uploaded by

Sarika Putri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cross Product

Perkalian silang (cross product) adalah perkalian antar vektor yang menghasilkan besaran
vektor (nilai dan arah).
Perkalian silang dua vektor juga menghasilkan vektor lain yang tegak lurus dengan kedua
vektor yang dikalikan.
𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗
𝑒⃗
𝑏⃗⃗
𝜃
𝑎⃗
Rumus Determinan Cross Product
Untuk vektor 𝐴 = (𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 ) dan 𝐵 = (𝑏1 , 𝑏2 , 𝑏3 ) mendefinisikan perkalian silang dengan
rumus berikut ini :
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
𝑎
𝐴×𝐵 =| 1 𝑎 2 𝑎3|
𝑏1 𝑏2 𝑏3
𝑎2 𝑎3 𝑎1 𝑎3 𝑎1 𝑎2
= 𝑖 |𝑏 𝑏 | − 𝑗 |𝑏 𝑏3 | + 𝑘 | 𝑏1 𝑏2 |
2 3 1

= (𝑎2 𝑏3 − 𝑎3 𝑏2 )𝑖 − (𝑎3 𝑏1 − 𝑎1 𝑏3 )𝑗 + (𝑎1 𝑏2 − 𝑎2 𝑏1 )𝑘


= (𝑎2 𝑏3 − 𝑎3 𝑏2 , 𝑎3 𝑏1 − 𝑎1 𝑏3 , 𝑎1 𝑏2 − 𝑎2 𝑏1 ).
Contoh
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
3 0 2 0 2 3
1 . |2 3 0 | = | |𝑖 − | |𝑗 + | |𝑘
−2 0 3 0 3 −2
3 −2 0
= (0 − 0)𝑖 − (0 − 0)𝑗 + (−4 − 9)𝑘
= −13𝑘
⃗⃗ = 2𝑖 − 𝑗 + 3𝑘 dan 𝑙⃗ = 𝑖 + 2𝑗 − 2𝑘 . Tentukan hasil perkalian silang
2. Diketahui vektor 𝑘
⃗⃗ dan 𝑙⃗
antara vektor 𝑘
Jawab:
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
⃗⃗ × 𝑙⃗ = |2
𝑘 −1 3 |
1 2 −2
−1 3 2 3 2 −1
=| |𝑖 − | |𝑗 + | |𝑘
2 −2 1 −2 1 2
= (2 − 6)𝑖 − (−4 − 3)𝑗 + (4 + 1)𝑘
= −4𝑖 + 7𝑗 + 5𝑘
= (−4, 7, 5)
Fakta aljabar :
1. 𝑨 × 𝑨 = 𝟎
2. Anti-komutatif : 𝑨 × 𝑩 = −𝑩 × 𝑨
3. Aturan distributif : 𝑨 × (𝑩 + 𝑪) = 𝑨 × 𝑩 + 𝑨 × 𝑪
4. Anti-asosiatif : (𝑨 × 𝑩) × 𝑪 ≠ 𝑨 × (𝑩 × 𝑪)
Untuk vektor satuan i, j, k
𝒊 × 𝒊 = 𝟎, 𝒋 × 𝒋 = 𝟎, 𝒌 × 𝒌 = 𝟎
𝒊 × 𝒋 = 𝒌, 𝒋 × 𝒌 = 𝒊, 𝒌 × 𝒊 = 𝒋
𝒊 × 𝒌 = −𝒋, 𝒋 × 𝒊 = −𝒌, 𝒌 × 𝒋 = −𝒊

Geometri
Untuk menggambarkan perkalian silang secara geometris diperlukan besar dan arahnya.
Teorema : |𝑨 × 𝑩| = |𝑨||𝑩| 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽
Panjang vektor 𝐴 × 𝐵 adalah |𝑨||𝑩|𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽
|𝑨 × 𝑩|𝟐 = |𝑨|𝟐 |𝑩|𝟐 − (𝑨. 𝑩)𝟐
= |𝑨|𝟐 |𝑩|𝟐 − (|𝑨||𝑩| 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽)𝟐
= |𝑨|𝟐 |𝑩|𝟐 (𝟏 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝜽)
= |𝑨|𝟐 |𝑩|𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝜽
|𝑨 × 𝑩| = |𝑨||𝑩| 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽

Identitas Lagrange :
|𝑨 × 𝑩|𝟐 = |𝑨|𝟐 |𝑩|𝟐 − (𝑨. 𝑩)𝟐
Misalkan :
𝐴 = 𝑎 dan 𝐵 = 𝑏
|𝑎 × 𝑏|2 = (𝑎2 𝑏3 − 𝑎3 𝑏2 )2 + (𝑎3 𝑏1 − 𝑎1 𝑏3 )2 + (𝑎1 𝑏2 − 𝑎2 𝑏1 )2
= (𝑎22 𝑏32 + 𝑎32 𝑏22 − 2𝑎2 𝑎3 𝑏2 𝑏3 ) + (𝑎32 𝑏12 + 𝑎12 𝑏32 − 2𝑎1 𝑎3 𝑏1 𝑏3 ) + (𝑎12 𝑏22 + 𝑎22 𝑏12 −
2𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑏1 𝑏2 )
= (𝑎22 𝑏32 + 𝑎32 𝑏22 + 𝑎32 𝑏12 + 𝑎12 𝑏32 + 𝑎12 𝑏22 + 𝑎22 𝑏12 ) − 2(𝑎2 𝑎3 𝑏2 𝑏3 + 𝑎1 𝑎3 𝑏1 𝑏3 + 𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑏1 𝑏2 )
= [((𝑎12 + 𝑎22 + 𝑎32 )(𝑏12 + 𝑏22 + 𝑏32 )) − (𝑎12 𝑏12 + 𝑎22 𝑏22 + 𝑎32 𝑏32 )] − [(𝑎1 𝑏1 + 𝑎2 𝑏2 +
𝑎3 𝑏3 )2 − (𝑎12 𝑏12 + 𝑎22 𝑏22 + 𝑎32 𝑏32 )]
= [|𝑎|2 |𝑏|2 − (𝑎12 𝑏12 + 𝑎22 𝑏22 + 𝑎32 𝑏32 )] − [(𝑎. 𝑏)2 − (𝑎12 𝑏12 + 𝑎22 𝑏22 + 𝑎32 𝑏32 )]
|𝒂 × 𝒃|𝟐 = |𝒂|𝟐 |𝒃|𝟐 − (𝒂. 𝒃)𝟐
Contoh
1. Tentukan luas segitiga yang ditunjukkan pada gambar di bawah ini

Jawab :
1
Luas segitiga = 2 |(1, 2, 4) × (0, 5, 1)|
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
(1, 2, 4) × (0, 5, 1) = |1 2 4|
0 5 1
2 4 1 4 1 2
= 𝑖| | −𝑗| |+𝑘| |
5 1 0 1 0 5
= 𝑖 (−18) − 𝑗 + 5𝑘
= (−18, −1, 5)
1 1
Luas segitiga = 2 √(−18)2 + (−1)2 + 52 = 2 √350

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