3. What is Azure DevOps?

Azure DevOps is a SaaS platform that provides development services for creating
work plans, working together on code, developing applications, and deploying
them. It offers an end-to-end DevOps toolchain for the development and
deployment of software. It is able to integrate with a number of popular tools in
the market and is a great way for setting up a DevOps toolchain.

4. What is Azure Active Directory (Azure AD)?

Azure AD is a cloud-based IAM solution and directory by Microsoft. It brings
together application access management, core directory services, and identity
protection and turns them into a single solution. It helps employees of an
organization sign in and access resources such as:

• External resources, including Microsoft 365, the Azure portal, and a

big number of SaaS applications
• Internal resources, such as apps on a corporate network and intranet,
as well as any cloud-based apps built by that organization

Azure AD is intended for use by:

• IT Admins
• App Developers
• Azure, Office 365, Microsoft 365, or Dynamics CRM online subscribers

5. What is Azure Data Factory?

Azure Data Factory is a serverless and cloud-based data integration service and
platform used for the creation of ETL and ELT pipelines. It helps in the creation of
data-driven workflows for the planning and execution of data movements and
data transformation at scale.

6. What is Azure Databricks?

Azure Databricks is a Data Analytics platform that offers two environments for the
development of data-intensive applications:
 • Azure Databricks SQL Analytics
• Azure Databricks Workspace

Azure Databricks’ integration with the security, compute, analytics, storage, and
AI services that are natively provided by cloud providers facilitates the unification
of data and AI workloads.

7. What is Azure Data Lake?

Azure Data Lake is a cloud platform that supports Big Data Analytics through its
unlimited storage for structured, semi-structured, or unstructured data of all
types and sizes.

8. What are Azure resources?

Any entity managed by Azure can be referred to as an Azure resource. The
following are some examples of Azure resources: Storage accounts, virtual
networks, virtual machines, etc.

9. What are the roles implemented in Windows Azure?

• Web Role
• Worker Role
• Virtual Machine Role

Web Role: It gives a web solution that is front-end. This is like an ASP.NET
application. While under facilitating, Azure gives IIS and required services.

Worker Role: It gives solutions for background service. It can run long activities.
Virtual Machine Role: The roles of both web and worker are executed on virtual
machines. The Virtual Machine Roles give the client the capacity to modify the
virtual machine on which the web and worker roles are running.

Go through this Microsoft Azure Certification to get a clear understanding of

various certifications Microsoft Azure!

10. What are the three principal segments of the Windows Azure
platform?
Windows Azure has three principal segments: Compute, Storage, and Fabric.

A. Windows Azure Compute

Windows Azure gives a code that can be managed by the hosting environment. It
gives the calculation benefit through parts. Windows Azure backs three types of
roles:

• Web roles utilized for web application programming and upheld by

IIS7
• Worker roles utilized for foundation handling of web roles
• Virtual machine (VM) roles utilized for moving windows server
applications to Windows Azure in a simple way

B. Windows Azure Storage

It gives four types of storage services:

• Queues for informing between web parts and worker roles

• Tables for storing structural data
• BLOBs (Binary Large Objects) to store contents, records, or vast
information
• Windows Azure Drives (VHD) to mount a page BLOB. These can be
transferred and downloaded by means of BLOBs

C. Windows Azure AppFabric

AppFabric provides five services:

• Service bus
• Access
 • Caching
• Integration
• Composite

11. Define Windows Azure AppFabric.

Windows Azure Diagnostics empowers you to gather diagnostic data from an
application running in Windows Azure. Diagnostic data is used for capacity
planning and evaluation.

12. What is the distinction between Windows Azure Queues and

Windows Azure Service Bus Queues?
Azure Queues give a solid, diligent messaging between and within the services.
They also highlight a very straightforward rest-based get/put/peek interface.

Bus Queues are part of a more extensive Windows Azure messaging framework
that supports queuing.

13. What is table storage in Windows Azure?

Windows Azure Table storage service stores a lot of organized information.
Windows Azure tables are perfect for putting away organized, non-relational data.
Table: A table is a collection of entities. Tables don’t uphold a blueprint on
elements, which implies that a solitary table can contain substances that have
distinctive arrangements of properties. A record can contain numerous tables.

Entity: An entity is an arrangement of properties, like a database row. An entity

can be up to 1 MB in size.

Properties: A property is a name–value pair. Every entity can incorporate up to

252 properties to store data. Every entity likewise has three system properties
that determine a segment key, a row key, and a timestamp.

Become a master of Azure by going through this online Azure Training in Toronto!

14. What is autoscaling in Azure?

Scaling by including extra instances is frequently referred to as scaling out.
Windows Azure likewise supports scaling up by utilizing bigger roles rather than
more role instances.

By adding and expelling role instances to our Windows Azure application while it
is running, we can adjust the execution of the application against its running costs.

An autoscaling solution reduces the amount of manual work engaged in

dynamically scaling an application.

15. What are the features of Windows Azure?

Windows Azure runs and stores the information on Microsoft data centers.

The main features are as follows:

 • Websites enable the designers to assemble the sites utilizing ASP.NET,
PHP, etc., and send these websites utilizing FTP, Git, etc.
• SQL database, formally known as Azure database, makes, broadens,
and scales the application into the cloud utilizing Microsoft SQL
Server.
• This is Microsoft’s Platform as a Service that supports multilevel
applications and automated deployment.

16. What are the differences between a public cloud and a private
cloud?
Private clouds are those that are constructed solely for an individual enterprise.
They enable a firm to have applications in the cloud while tending to concerns
with respect to data security and control that is frequently ailing in a public cloud
environment.

Private cloud is otherwise called an internal cloud or enterprise cloud and dwells
on the organization’s Intranet or hosted data center where the data is protected.

Watch this video on Microsoft Azure Training:

That’s it for our basic Azure Architect interview questions. Let’s move onto the
next section on Intermediate Azure Administrator interview questions.

Intermediate Azure Interview Questions

17. What is Windows Azure Portal?

To run an application, a designer gets to the Windows Azure Portal through
his/her web program by logging in with a Windows Live ID. The user at that point
chooses whether to create a host account for running applications, a storage
account for storing data, or both.

Once the designer has a host account, he/she can utilize a Windows Azure Portal
to submit applications to Windows Azure.

18. Explain Azure Fabric.

Azure Fabric is the principal core concept. It gives a service called Azure Fabric
Controller. It is called the OS for Azure since it handles/oversees:

• All roles (processing) and resources

• Sending and activating services
• Monitoring the health of all services
• Releasing and allocating resources
• Provisioning VM, terminating, etc.
• Patches get updated for the installed OS on VM in the most
automated form

19. What do you comprehend about Hybrid Cloud?

A hybrid cloud is a blend of internal and external cloud services, a mix of a private
cloud joined with the utilization of public cloud services. This kind of cloud is most
appropriate when you need to keep the classified information in your vicinity
(private cloud) and consume alternate services from a public cloud.

20. What is a storage key?

Storage keys or access keys are utilized as a validation mode for accessing the
storage services account to control data based on our prerequisites. In Windows
Azure, we have an alternative to give a primary access key and a secondary access
key, despite the fact that we will utilize a solitary access key to confirm our
application to the storage. The primary reason to give the secondary access key is
to avoid downtime to the application.
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21. What is Windows Azure Traffic Manager?
It enables users to control the distribution of user traffic of installed Azure cloud
services. There are three distinctive load-balancing strategies provided by Azure.
The Manager who works on traffic applies a routing policy to the Domain Name
Service (DNS) questions on your domain names and maps the DNS courses to the
apt instances of your applications.

22. What is federation in SQL Azure?

Organization in SQL Azure is introduced for scalability. Federation helps both
managers and developers scale information. It helps managers by making
repartitioning and redistributing of information in a simpler manner. It enables
developers in the layer of routing and sharing of information. It helps in routing
without application downtime.

23. What is SQL Azure database?

SQL Azure database is just an approach to get associated with cloud services
where you can store your database into the cloud. Microsoft Azure is the most
ideal approach to utilize PaaS where you can have different databases on a similar
account.

Microsoft SQL Azure has a similar component of SQL Server, i.e., high accessibility,
versatility, and security in the core.

Microsoft Azure SQL database has an element; it makes backups of each active
database automatically. Consistently a backup is taken and geo-repeated to
empower the 1-hour recuperation point objective (RPO) for Geo-Restore.

24. What are the different types of Storage areas in Windows

Azure?
BLOB: BLOBs offer a component for storing a lot of content or binary data, for
example, pictures, audio, and visual documents. They can scale up to 200
terabytes and can be acquired by utilizing REST APIs.
Table: Tables represent storage areas across machines for information that is in
the form of properties on the cloud.

Line: The sole target of a queue is to empower communication among Web and
Worker Role instances. They help in storing messages that may be accessed by a
customer.

25. What is the concept of the table in Windows Azure?

A table is a kind of Azure Storage where you can store your information. BLOBs
are put in a compartment and an entity in a table.

Following are the key concepts in a table:

• Tables allow structured data storage.

• There can be 0 to n number of tables in a storage account.
• Tables store information as an accumulation of elements.
• An element has an essential key and properties as a key–value pair.

26. How to secure Azure functions?

One can secure Azure functions through the following:

• Security Center
• Log and monitor
• HTTPS
• Function access keys
• Authentication/authorization
• Permissions
• Secret management
• Set up usage quotas
• Data validation
• Error handling
• Disabled remote debugging
• Restricted CORS access
• Store the data encrypted
• Secure deployment
• Deployment credentials
 • Disabled FTP
• Secure scm endpoint
• Continuous security validation
• Network security

27. What is Conditional Access in Azure?

Conditional Access is used by Azure AD as a tool to make decisions, bring signals
together, and impose organizational policies.

Through Conditional Access policies, one can implement the right access controls
whenever required to keep the organization secure and stay out of the users’ way
when not needed.

28. When should you use a static IP address in Azure?

In Azure, a static IP address is used when the address connected to the device is
not to be changed.

29. How does Azure Site Recovery work?

Site Recovery orchestrates and automates the replication of Azure VMs in
different locations—on-premises machines to a secondary data center, and on-
premises VMs and physical servers to Azure.

It contributes to business continuity and disaster recovery (BCDR) by enabling

access to apps from the secondary location in case of an outage at the primary
site.

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Tutorial!

30. Why should you use Azure CDN?

Azure CDN reduces the bandwidth and load time. It also helps speed up the
responsiveness.

31. Explain the benefits of Traffic Manager.

Azure Traffic Manager has the following benefits:
 • Optimized performance
• No downtime during the update or maintenance process
• Easily configurable on the Windows Azure portal

32. What is the difference between a library and a list?

A library is an interface that enables the management and storage of a document
created in Word, Excel, or PowerPoint. A list, on the other hand, is the
representation of an item in a tabular format (with columns and rows). It can be
attached with documents.

33. How many services are there in Azure?

Azure has over 6,000 flexible offerings, and it utilizes the data capacity offered by
Microsoft for Software, Platform, and Infrastructure as a Service (SaaS, PaaS, and
IaaS).

34. How many types of backups are there in Azure?

Azure Backup includes three types of replications that keep both storage and data
highly available.

• Geo-redundant storage (GRS): The default and recommended

option that replicates data to a secondary region far from the primary
location
• Locally redundant storage (LRS): Creates three copies of the data in
a storage scale unit within a data center
• Zone-redundant storage (ZRS): Replicates the data in availability
zones with data residency and resiliency in the same region and has
no downtime

That’s it for Intermediate Azure Interview questions and answers. Now, we will
move onto advanced Azure Interview questions.

Advanced Azure Interview Questions

35. What is the TFS build system in Azure?
A build is the solution of an output. In Azure projects, you get the record with a
.cspkg extension, that is, a Cloud Service Package is utilized for the deployment of
your cloud administration.

Build Servers: In general terms, a build server is a machine where you put your
deployment packages.

To utilize Team Foundation Build, you should have no less than one build
machine. This machine can be a physical machine or a virtual machine.

Build Controllers: Manufacture Controllers are the component in the build system
that accepts the build requests from any task inside the group project. Each build
controller is dedicated to a solitary team project collection. So, there is a balanced
relationship between a team project and a build controller.

Build Agents: Build Agents are components in the build system that accomplishes
more processor-concentrated work.

36. What is Azure App Service?

Azure App Service is a completely managed Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offering
for proficient developers that conveys a rich arrangement of abilities to web,
mobile, and integration scenarios. Mobile apps in Azure App Service offer a very
adaptable, universally accessible mobile application development platform for
Enterprise Developers and System Integrators that conveys a rich set of capacities
to mobile engineers.

37. What is profiling in Azure?

Profiling is only a procedure for measuring the performance analysis of an
application. It is normally done to guarantee that the application is sufficiently
steady and can maintain overwhelming traffic.

Visual Studio gives us different tools to do it by gathering the performance

information from the application that likewise helps in troubleshooting issues.

Once the profiling wizard is run, it sets up the execution session and collects the
data of the sample.

The profiling reports help in:

• Deciding the longest running strategies inside the application

• Measuring the execution time of every strategy in the call stack
• Assessing memory allocation

38. What is cmdlet in Azure?

A cmdlet is a lightweight command that is utilized as a part of the Microsoft
PowerShell environment. The cmdlets are summoned by the Windows PowerShell
to automate the scripts which are in the command line. Windows PowerShell
runtime additionally invokes them automatically through Windows PowerShell
APIs.

39. What is Windows Azure Scheduler?

Windows Azure Scheduler enables you to invoke activities, for example, calling
HTTP/S endpoints or presenting a message on a storage queue on any schedule.

With Scheduler, you make jobs in the cloud that dependably call services both
inside and outside of Windows Azure and execute those jobs on demand, on a
routinely repeating schedule, or assign them for a future date.
40. How can you create an HDInsight Cluster in Azure?
To make an Azure HDInsight Cluster, open the Azure portal > click on New > select
Data Services > click on HDInsight.

Hadoop is the default and native execution of Apache Hadoop.

HBase is an Apache open-source NoSQL database based on Hadoop that gives

random access and solid consistency for a lot of unstructured data.

Apache Storm is a distributed, fault-tolerant, open-source computation system

that enables you to process data in real time.

41. What is Text Analytics API in Azure Machine?

Content Analytics API is a part of content examination web administrations
worked with Azure Machine Learning. The API can be utilized to analyze
unstructured content for tasks such as sentiment analysis and key-phrase
extraction.

The API restores a numeric score between 0 and 1. Scores near 1 show positive
sentiment, while scores near 0 demonstrate negative sentiment.

The upside of this API is that another new model need not be planned and
prepared; the user just needs to bring the data and call the service to get the
sentiment results.

42. What is the Migration Assistant tool in Azure Websites?

Migration Assistant tool will examine our IIS installation and recognize the sites
that can be migrated to the cloud, featuring any components which can’t be
migrated or are unsupported on the platform.

Once broken down, this tool will likewise create sites and databases provided
under the given Azure membership.

43. What is the distinction between Public Cloud and Private

Cloud?
A public cloud is utilized as a service through the Internet by users, while a private
cloud is deployed within specific limits like firewall settings and is totally overseen
and checked by the users dealing with it in an organization.
44. What is Azure Service Level Agreement (SLA)?
The SLA ensures that, when you send two or more role instances for each role,
access to your cloud service will be maintained not less than 99.95 percent of the
time. Additionally, identification and re-correction activities will be started 99.9
percent of the time when a role instance’s procedure isn’t running.

45. How to add an administrator to the Azure portal?

To add an administrator to the Azure portal, it has to be given the owner role. It
will be able to manage only those resources in the subscription that are assigned
to it. To add an administrator, follow these steps:

1. Sign in to the Azure portal

2. Go to the Hub menu and then to Subscription and select the
subscription that the administrator will need access to
3. Select Access control (IAM) in the subscription blade, and then click
on Add
4. Go to Select a role, and click on Owner
5. Here, provide the email address of the user to be assigned as the
owner
6. Click on the user, and then click on Select

46. How to connect to Azure Database from SQL Management

Studio?

1. The first time you start the SQL Server Management Studio,
the Connect to Server dialog box opens up automatically. You can
also open it manually by going to Object
Explorer > Connect > Database Engine.
2. Then, enter the following information in the Connect to
Server window:
 Server Type Database Engine
Server Name Enter the name of your Azure SQL Database or Azure
Managed Instance
Authentication SQL Server Authentication
Login Enter the server account user ID
Password Enter the server account passwordYou can also choose to
change the additional connection options by going to Options.
3. Click on Connect after completing all the required fields

If the firewall settings are not set up, a prompt appears to configure
the same. Once signed in, provide the Azure account login
information, and set the firewall rule. Then, click on OK.
4. To verify if your Azure Database connection is successful, expand and
explore Object Explorer for the server name, the SQL Server version,
and the username.

47. How to create a virtual machine on Azure?

To create a VM on Azure, you need to follow the below steps:

1. Sign in to Azure
2. Sign in to the Azure portal
3. Search for virtual machines in the search box
4. Under Services, select Virtual machines
5. Click on Add in the Virtual machines page
6. In the Basics tab, under Project details, select the correct
subscription, and choose Create new resource group
7. Type myResourceGroup for the name
8. Under Instance details, the Virtual machine name should be myVM
9. Choose your Region [e.g., (US) East US]
10. Choose Windows Server 2019 Datacenter for the Image
11. Leave the rest as default
12. Under Administrator account, enter a username and a password
13. Under Inbound port rules, click on Allow selected ports, and then
select HTTP (80) and RDP (3389) for Select inbound ports
14. The rest will remain as default here
15. Finally, click on the Review + create button
48. How to deploy SQL Database in Azure?

1. Authenticate to the Azure portal

2. Click on SQL Databases
3. Click on Servers
4. Click on a server name to connect to
5. Press Configure
6. Open SQL Server Management Studio
7. Connect to Database services (usually, this happens by default)
8. Finally, click on Connect

49. How to export users from Azure Active Directory?

You can export users from Azure AD by following the below-mentioned steps:

1. Install the Azure PowerShell module using the following cmdlet:

install-module az

2. To connect to Azure AD and Azure, run:

Connect-azaccount

3. To export, all users to a CSV file, run:

Get-AzADUser | export-csv file.csv

4. If you only need to export the first 10 users, then you can use:

Get-AzADUser -First 10 | export-csv file.csv

5. To export all users after the first 2 users, you can use:

Get-AzADUser -Skip 2 | ft

50. How to create a resource group in Azure?

To create a resource group in Azure:

1. Log in to the Azure portal

2. In the menu on the left, select Resource groups
 3. In the Resource groups page, click on Add
4. Fill in the details in the fields as follows:
o Subscription: Select your Microsoft Azure subscription
o Resource group name: Enter a unique name
o Resource details region: Select a location
5. Click on Review + create
6. Once validation is passed, click on Create to create your resource
group

That’s it in our blog on MS Azure interview questions and answers. Hope these
Azure questions help you in your Azure Interview job preparation.

1. What is a Resource group?

A resource group is a logical container for created resources in Azure. An ARM
resource can exist only in one resource group. A resource group is created in a
region and it can have the resources from the other regions. All resources within
the resource group share the common lifecycle.
2. Can you move a resource from one group to
another?
Yes, you can. A resource can be moved among resource groups.

3. How many resource groups a subscription can

have?
A subscription can have up to 800 resource groups. Also, a resource group can
have up to 800 resources of the same type and up to 15 tags.

4. What is Azure Storage?

Azure Storage is Microsoft’s storage solution for data persistence scenarios.
Azure Storage offers highly durable, available and scalable as compared to the
traditional data storage solutions. In Azure storage, you have to pay only for
what you use and it is exposed via easy and open REST APIs. It’s having support
for rich Client Libraries and Tools.
5. What are the different types of storage available in
Azure?
The different types of Storage are:
• Blobs: Used for storing massive amounts of unstructured and large
data.
• Queues: Used for storing messages used for communication
between application components.
• Files: Used for storing files and sharing it among the VMs as shared
disk storage.
• Disks: Used for creating virtual machine disks for high I/O and
random read-write operations.
• Tables: Used for storing structured data in NoSQL format. Suitable
for small size database.

6. What are Azure App Services?

Azure App Services is the part of PaaS offering from Microsoft Azure. These are
used to Quickly build, deploy, and scale enterprise-grade web, mobile, and API
apps running on any platform. Behind the scenes, VMs are used but they are
abstracted. These support manual scaling and auto-scaling. It having support
for Java, Node.js, PHP, Python, .NET and Ruby.

7. What are the different types of applications provided

by App Services in Azure?
Azure App Service supports the following types of applications.
• Web Apps
• Mobile Apps
• API Apps
• Logic Apps
8. What are the different ways to host web sites in
Azure?
Azure supports multiple ways to Host like App Service (PaaS), Virtual Machine
(IaaS) and Service Fabric.
• App Service is the best option for Most of the web sites. It allows
quick deployment, scalability, management & also cost-effective.
• A Virtual Machine is an option if your existing Web Sites require
Custom Configurations in IIS Level, Cannot Fit into App Service etc.
• Service Fabric is an option if you are writing a Microservice
application that requires Massive Scaling, Stateful Services etc.

9. How the app services can be scaled?

An app service supports two types of scaling - vertical (up/down) and horizontal
(out/in). During scaling, there is no impact on service availability.
• In vertical scaling, VM size can be increased or decreased as per
your need.

• In horizontal scaling, identical VMs of the desired size will be

created or removed as per your need
 • Autoscaling is supported by standard and premium based on
matrices (response time, memory, CPU, data uses etc.)

10. What is Server-less Computing?

Server-less computing is one of the most coined terms in the cloud these days.
Unleashing the PaaS feature with an immense amount compute power without
any server to host an app has really impacted web development a big way. The
idea is to do compute without hosting the app on a server.
Basically, we can think of it to be a cab aggregator or even food delivery startups
which provide us with a platform to book a cab or order food but the actual
service will be provided by a third-party vendor. On a similar note, we put our
logic on a serverless computing module which can connect to different third-
party services to do the job.

11. What is Azure Function?

Azure Function is a Serverless Compute Service that Runs code on Demand like
Events or External-Invoke. Azure Functions can Scale up Automatically based on
Demand. Azure functions are the evolution of Web Jobs. You can develop
functions in C#, Node, Java, Python etc. Internally, Azure functions use App
services.

We can use Functions for Backend Services, Event-based Processing like Data
Table creation on File Upload, Scheduled Tasks etc.
12. What are Azure SQL Database Models?
Azure supports the three database models for storing database as given below:

Standalone Database
An isolated and self-contained database service that has database scoped
functionalities. It is designed for modern cloud-based applications, software-
as-a-service solutions, and microservices that use a single database to store
data.

Image Source: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog

Elastic pool
A group of standalone databases that share the same resources. Helpful to
reduce the operational cost.

Managed Instance
A full SQL Server Instance with instance-level functionalities (SQL Agent, Broker,
.NET hosting). Designed for easy migration of most of the on-premises
databases to the Azure cloud.

13. How to choose between DTU and vCore?

Refer to the following suggestions:
• Use the DTU model If there are no performance issues.
• In DTU based model, you need to pay a fixed amount each month
for pre-configured compute resources.
• vCore allows you to dig into the underlying resources and scale
them independently for optimal performance.
• vCore allows you to take Azure Hybrid Benefit for SQL Server.
• You can migrate between DTU-based and vCore-based models
through the portal online.
14. What is Azure Cosmos DB?
Azure Cosmos DB is a Planet-scale, Globally Distributed Database provided by
Azure. It is Schema-agnostic and hence considered a NoSQL database. Cosmos
DB provides Incredibly Low Latency in the order of Milliseconds. Cosmos DB
supports a wide range of APIs including SQL, MongoDB, Cassandra, Graph,
Table etc.

15. What is Azure Search?

Azure Search is a Search-as-a-Solution hosted & managed by Azure. Azure
Search allows Developers to build Search Experience over multiple sources of
content in web, mobile & enterprise applications queryable with a REST API
interface.

Azure Search itself takes care of Index creation, Service availability, Scaling and
Service updates.

How is Azure CDN useful?

Azure Content Delivery Network (CDN) saves bandwidth, reduces load times,
and boosts responsiveness. These benefits are perceptible when you are
developing or controlling websites/ mobile apps. These benefits are also visible
when encoding and distributing gaming software, streaming media, firmware
updates, or IoT endpoints.
Azure CDN mitigates security threats over the content distribution network like
distributed denial-of-service attacks. Through its distributed, global presence,
the CDN easily deals with abrupt traffic spikes as well as heavy loads of Azure
APIs. The developer tools provide you enough security, reliability, and
performance for quickly building global applications.
What is Azure Databricks?
Azure Databricks is essentially a Data Analytics platform that provides 2
environments to develop data-intensive applications. The data-intensive
applications can be Azure Databricks SQL Analytics and Azure Databricks
Workspace.
Cloud providers natively provide Azure Databricks’ integration with the
compute, security, storage, analytics, and AI services. So, there will be the fusion
of data and AI workloads.
Azure Databricks facilitate data engineering and data science teams with a
simple, quick, and mutual Spark-based platform on Azure. In the course
of Microsoft Azure Certification, such fundamental aspects will be discussed.
So, to Microsoft Azure Developer, these aspects help.

Explain autoscaling in Azure:

Scaling with the inclusion of extra instances is often referred to as scaling out.
The Windows Azure supports scaling up with the use of larger roles instead of
multiple role instances.
When you add and remove role instances to your Windows Azure application
when it is still running, you can vary the execution of the application in
opposition to its running costs. Moreover, an Azure autoscaling solution
decreases the manual efforts required in dynamically scaling an application.
Autoscaling in Azure is a built-in feature of Mobile Services, Virtual Machine
Scale Sets, Cloud Services, and websites that assist applications to perform
optimally whenever demand changes.

What is Azure Fabric?

Azure Fabric provides a service called Azure Fabric Controller. For Azure, it is
referred to as the OS because it manages:
• All processing tasks and resources
• Delivering and activating services
• Supervising the health of all services
• Releasing and allocating resources
• Provisioning VM, terminating, etc.
• Updating of patches for the installed OS on a virtual
machine in the most automated form
It is better to understand Azure Fabric when you Learn Azure Step by step.

Discuss the types of backups available in Azure:

Azure Backup comes with 3 types of replications that make data and storage
accessible. They are discussed below:
Geo-redundant storage (GRS): It is a default and recommended option which
imitates data to a secondary region distant from the primary location.
Zone-redundant storage (ZRS): Imitates the data in availability zones with the
data residency as well as resiliency in the same region. It has zero downtime.
Locally redundant storage (LRS): It creates 3 copies of the data within a storage
scale unit, in a data center.

Describe the types of Queues provided by Azure:

Azure provides two types of queues i.e. Storage queues and Service Bus queues.
Storage Queues is part of Azure’s Storage infrastructure. It offers messaging
inside and amongst services. Generally, it is highly suitable whenever users have
to store 80+ GB of messages in queues. Moreover, it can offer side logs of all
transactions implemented against the user’s queues.
Service Bus queues are segments of Azure’s messaging infrastructure. It
integrates application components or application that covers various network
environments, communication protocols, and more. Service Bus queues offer a
FIFO style of delivery. The user’s queue size must be at least 80 GB.

What it means by the Federation in Azure SQL?

SQL Azure Federation offers tools that allow developers to share or access
databases amongst them in SQL Azure. It allows the users to benefit from
resources in the Cloud. Moreover, it enables users to use their own database or
share databases with each other. There will be the generation of odds of a single
point of failure.
One of the key benefits is it offers cost-effectiveness with the use of cloud
resources only when required. For those candidates preparing
for Azure interview Questions answer pdf, it is better to prepare such Azure
concepts.

In terms of Azure, what are public, private, and hybrid

cloud?
The Azure Training In Hyderabad deeply trains you on these 3 Cloud
concepts of Azure.
Public Cloud: Each component which the user uses in an application is operating
only on Azure
Private Cloud: Azure services are being run within an on-premises data center.
Such data centers are utilized by the user to either host applications or systems.
Hybrid Cloud: It blends features of Public and Private cloud. Certain of the user’s
components are executed on Azure whereas others run within an on-premises
datacenter.
 What are the steps to create and connect to Azure
SQL Database?
Follow the below steps:
• Click this link to login to the Azure Portal using Azure
credentials: https://portal.azure.com/
• Now create an Azure SQL database within the Azure
portal.
• Now click on "Create a resource" on the left side menu
and then it opens an “Azure Marketplace”. From there, you
can view the list of services.
• In this step, click on “Databases” and then click on the
“SQL Database”.
• Now create a SQL database
• When you have clicked on the “SQL Database”, it opens
another section. Now provide the basic info regarding
your database.
What is Azure Advisor?
Azure Advisor service offers information on your whole Azure landscape. It
presents a comprehensive overview of your system needs as well as highlights
money-saving approaches.
It comes with high availability that demonstrates how to enhance the stability
of your business-critical applications. Security features of Azure Advisor identify
vulnerabilities and threats that may create security breaches. The ‘Performance’
feature demonstrates how to improve the speed of your applications. Cost
provides you the possible ways to decrease your general Azure
spreading. Whether you prepare for Azure administrator
certification or azure architect certification, it is better to learn such
advanced Azure terminologies.

3) Which service in Azure can be used to manage resources?

Azure Resource Manager is used to manage resources in Microsoft Azure. It is used to
deploy, manage, and delete all the resources together using a simple JSON script.

14M
326
C++ vs Java
4) What type of web application can be deployed with Azure?
Microsoft released SDKs for both Java and Ruby to allow applications written in those
languages to place calls to the Azure Service Platform API to the AppFabric Service.

5) Explain Role in terms of Microsoft Azure.

Roles are nothing, but the servers are layman terms. Servers are managed, load-
balanced, platform as a Service virtual machines that work together to achieve a
common goal.

These roles are divided into three parts

o Web Role: It is used to deploy a website, using the languages supported by the
IIS platform (like PHP, .NET, etc.). It was configured and customized to run web
applications.
o Worker Role: It helps the web role to execute background processes, unlike
the web Role, which is used to deploy the website.
o VM Role: It can be used by a user to schedule tasks and other windows services.
We can use the VM role to customize the machine on which the web and worker
role is running.

6) What is Virtual Machine scale sets?

It is an Azure compute resource that we can use to deploy and manage a set of
identical VMs. It is easy to build large-scale services that target big compute, big data,
and containerized workloads if all the VMs configured the same.

7) What are the principal segments of the Windows Azure

platform?
Windows Azure has the following three principal segments:
 o Windows Azure Compute: It gives a code that can be managed by the hosting
environment. It provides the benefit of calculation through parts. It consists of
three types of roles - Web Role, Worker Role, and VM Role.
o Windows Azure Storage: It gives four types of Storage services - Queue, Tables,
Blobs, and Windows Azure Drives (VHD)
o Windows Azure AppFabric: AppFabric provides five services - Service bus,
Access, Caching, Integration, and Composite.

8) What do you understand by autoscaling in Azure?

Azure provides the scaling of the services automatically when needed. It depends upon
the use, time, and traffic that comes to our application. For example - The traffic will
be higher during the examination on any exam-related application or website. Then
Azure will automatically modify the setting and provide the resources as required.

9) What is the storage key?

A storage key is an authentication method that can be used to validate access for the
storage service account to control data based on our prerequisites. We have an
alternative to give a primary access key and a secondary access key. The main reason
for using a secondary access key is to avoid downtime to the application or website.

10) Explain the SQL Azure database.

Microsoft Azure SQL database is a way to get associated with cloud services where we
can store our database into the cloud. It has a similar component of SQL Server, i.e.,
high accessibility, versatility, and security in the core.

11) Explain cmdlet in Azure?

A cmdlet is a lightweight command that can be used as a part of the Microsoft Azure
PowerShell environment. The cmdlets are summoned by the Azure PowerShell that
automates the script, which is in the command line. Azure PowerShell runtime
additionally invokes them automatically through Azure PowerShell APIs.
12) Explain the Migration Assistant tool in Microsoft Azure.
The migration assistant tool examines our IIS installation and recognizes the sites that
can be migrated to the cloud, featuring any components which can't be relocated or
not supported by the platform. This tool similarly creates websites and databases
provided under the given Azure membership.

13) What is Azure SLA (Service Level Agreement)?

The SLA ensures that when we send two or more role instances for each role. Access
to our cloud service will be maintained with an accuracy of 99.95 % of the time. The
identification and re-correction activities will be started 99.9 % of the time whenever a
role instance's procedure is not running.

14) What is Availability Set in Azure?

Availability Set is a grouping of Azure Virtual Machines. The availability set allows the
Azure cloud to build and understand how the application for a user is constructed to
provide availability and redundancy.

15) What steps should we take in case of drive failure?

In case of a drive failure, we should follow these steps:

o Unmount the drive, which allows the Azure storage object to function without
fault.
o In the case of replacement, we will format and remount the drive.

16) Why we use VNet? Name the power states of a Virtual

Machine.
We can represent our network within the cloud using VNet. VNet logically isolates our
instances launched in the cloud, from the rest of our resources. The various power
state of a Virtual Machine is: Running, Starting, Stopping, Deallocating, etc.
17) What is network security groups?
A network security group allows us to manage the network traffic to NIC or subnets
etc. The network load will be distributed as needed if it is connected wisely.

18) What is cspack?

Cspack is a command-line tool, which is used to generate a service package file. It
helps us to prepare an application for deployment, either in compute emulator or
Microsoft Windows Azure.

19) Name two blobs used in Microsoft Azure.

The two types of blobs in Azure are:

o Block Blob
o Page Blob

20) Can we add an existing VM to an availability set?

No, if we want our VM to be part of an availability set, then we need to create the VM
within the set.

21) How much storage can we use with a virtual machine?

In Azure, each data disk can be up to 1 TB. The number of disks we can use depends
upon the size of the virtual machine. Azure Managed Disks are the recommended disk
storage offering to use with Azure Virtual Machines for persistent storage of data. We
can use multiple Managed Disks with each Virtual Machine.

22) How to create a VM in Azure CLI?

1. az vm create `
 2. --resource-group myResourceGroup `
3. --name myVM --image win2016datacenter `
4. --admin-username Azureuser `
5. --admin-password myPassword12

23) What is Azure Search?

It is a cloud search-as-a-service solution that delegates server and infrastructure
management to Microsoft, leaving us with a ready-to-use service that we can populate
with our data and then use to add search to our web or mobile application. Azure
search allows us to easily add a robust search experience to our applications using a
simple REST API or .NET SDK without managing search infrastructure or becoming an
expert in search.

24) Explain stateful and stateless micro-services for Service

Fabric?
Service Fabric enables us to build applications that consist of microservices. Stateless
micro-service doesn't maintain a mutable state outside a request. Azure Cloud
Service's worker role is an example of a stateless service. Stateful microservice
maintains a mutable, authoritative state beyond the request and its response.

25) What is a Web role in Azure Cloud Service?

A web role in Azure is a virtual machine instance running Microsoft IIS Web server that
can accept and respond to HTTP or HTTPS requests.

26) Can we create a VM using Azure Resource Manager in a

Virtual Network that was created using classic deployment?
It is not supported by the Azure portal. We cannot use Azure Resource Manager to
deploy a Virtual machine into a virtual network which was created using classic
deployment.
27) What are the options available in Azure for data storage?
Options for storing data includes:

o Azure files
o OS drive
o Scale set
o Temp drive
o Azure data service
o External data service

28) What is Azure Redis Cache?

Redis cache is an open-source, in-memory data structure store, which is used as a
database, cache, and message broker. Azure Redis Cache resembles the famous open-
source Redis cache. It provides access to a secure and dedicated Redis cache that is
managed by Microsoft and accessible from any application inside Azure.

29) What are Redis databases?

It is a fully managed, open-source, compatible in-memory data store to power fast and
scalable applications.

30) How to create a VM in PowerShell?

1. # Define a credential object

2. $cred = Get-Credential
3. # Create a virtual machine configuration
4. $vmConfig = New-AzureRmVMConfig -VMName myVM -
VMSize Standard_DS2 |
5. ` Set-AzureRmVMOperatingSystem -Windows -ComputerName myVM -
Credential $cred |
6. ` Set-AzureRmVMSourceImage -PublisherName MicrosoftWindowsServer -
Offer WindowsServer `
 7. -Skus 2016-Datacenter -Version latest | Add-AzureRmVMNetworkInterface -
Id $nic.Id

4. Define role instance in Azure.

A role instance is nothing but a virtual machine where the application code runs
with the help of running role configurations. There can also be multiple instances of
a role as per the definition in the cloud service configuration files.

5. How many cloud service roles are provided by Azure?

Cloud service roles comprise a set of application and configuration files. There are 2
kinds of roles provided by Azure:

• Web role: This provides a dedicated web server belonging to IIS (Internet
Information Services) that is used for automatic deployment and hosting of
front-end websites.
• Worker role: These roles help the applications hosted within them to run
asynchronously for longer durations and are independent of the user
interactions and generally do not use IIS. They are also ideal for performing
background processes. The applications are run in a standalone manner.

6. Why is Azure Diagnostics API needed?

• Azure Diagnostics API helps us collect diagnostic data such as performance

monitoring, system event logs, etc from the applications that are running on
Azure.
• For the verbose monitoring of the data, Azure Diagnostics has to be enabled
for the cloud service roles.
• The diagnostics data can be used for building visual chart representations for
better monitoring and also for creating performance metric alerts.

7. Define Azure Service Level Agreement (SLA)?

• The Azure SLA is a contract that ensures or guarantees that when two or
more role instances of a role are deployed on Azure, access to that cloud
service is guaranteed for at least 99.95% of the time.
• It also states that if the role instance process is not in the running state, then
the detection of such processes and corrective action for the same will be
taken 99.9% percent of the time.
 • If the mentioned guarantees are not satisfied at any point in time, then
Azure credits a percentage of monthly fees to us depending on the pricing
model of the respective Azure services.

8. What is Azure Resource Manager?

Azure Resource Manager is a service provided by Azure to provide management

and application deployment in Azure.

The resource manager provides the management layer that helps the developer to
create, modify or delete the resources in the Azure subscription account. This
feature comes in handy when we have requirements like managing access controls,
locks, ensuring the security of the resources post-deployment, and organization of
those resources.

9. What is NSG?

NSG stands for Network Security Group that has a list of ACL (Access Control List)
rules which either allows/denies network traffic to subnets or NICs (Network
Interface Card) connected to a subnet or both. When NSG is linked with a subnet,
then the ACL rules are applied to all the Virtual Machines in that subnet.

Restrictions of traffic to individual NIC can be done by associating NSG directly to

that NIC.

10. VM creation is possible using Azure Resource Manager in a Virtual

Network which was created by means of classic deployment. True or
False?

False. Azure does not support this.

Intermediate Interview Questions

11. What is Azure Redis Cache?

• It is an open-source, in-memory Redis cache system provided and

maintained by Azure.
• It helps the web applications to improve the performance by fetching data
from the backend database and storing it into the Redis cache for the first
request and then fetching data from the Redis cache for all subsequent
requests.
• Azure Redis Cache provides powerful and secure caching mechanisms by
making use of the Azure cloud.
Azure Redis Cache

12. Define Azure virtual machine scale sets

• These are the Azure computation resources that can be used to deploy and
manage sets of identical Virtual Machines (VMs).
• These scale sets are configured in the same manner and are designed to
support the autoscaling of the applications without the need for pre-
provisioning of the VMs.
• They help to build large-scale applications targeting big data and
containerized workloads in an easier manner.
Azure virtual machine

13. What do you understand about the “Availability Set”?

• Availability Set is nothing but a logical grouping of VMs (Virtual Machines)

that allows Azure cloud to understand how the application was developed
for providing availability and redundancy.
• Each VM in the availability set is assigned 2 kinds of domains by Azure:
o Fault Domain: These define the grouping of VMs that would share a
common power source and common network switch. The VMs within
availability sets are separated across up to 3 fault domains by default.
This separation of VMs in fault domains helps our applications to be
available by reducing impacts of network outages, power
interruptions, and certain hardware failures.
o Update Domain: These indicate the grouping of VMs and underlying
hardware which are eligible to be rebooted at the same time. Only
one update domain can be rebooted at a time, however, the order of
reboot does not proceed in a sequential manner. Before the
maintenance of another update domain, the previously rebooted
 domain is given a recovery time of 30 minutes to ensure that the
domain is up.
• Azure provides flexibility to configure up to 3 fault domains and 20 update
domains for an availability set.

Availability Set

14. What are the available options for deployment environments

provided by Azure?

Azure provides two deployment environments, they are:

• Staging Environment: This environment is used for validating the changes of

our application before making them live into the main environment.
o Here, the application is identified by means of GUID (Globally Unique
Identifier) of Azure which has the URL as: GUID.cloudapp.net
• Production Environment: This is the main environment where our application
goes live and can be accessed by the target audience which can be accessed
by means of DNS friendly URL: appName.cloudapp.net

15. What do you need to do when drive failure occurs?

The following steps need to be performed when the drive failure occurs:

• To make sure that the Azure Storage functions without fail, we need to
ensure that the drive is not mounted.
• Replace the drive so that the drive gets remounted and formatted.

16. Is it possible to design applications that handle connection failure

in Azure?

Yes, it is possible and is done by means of the Transient Fault Handling Block. There
can be multiple causes of transient failures while using the cloud environment:

• Due to the presence of more load balancers, we can see that the application
to database connections fail periodically.
• While using multi-tenant services, the calls get slower and eventually time
out because other applications are using resources to hit the same resource
heavily.
• The last cause can be we ourselves as the user trying to hit the resource very
frequently which causes the service to deliberately deny the connection to us
to support other tenants in the architecture.

Instead of showing errors to the user periodically, the application can recognize the
errors that are transient and automatically try to perform the same operation again
typically after some seconds with the hope of establishing the connection. By
making use of the Transient Fault Handling Application Block mechanism, we can
generate the retry intervals and make the application perform retries. In the
majority of the cases, the error would be resolved on the second try and hence the
user need not be made aware of these errors unnecessarily.

Following is the sample code that can be used for the retry policy. Here, if the
connection is not successful, then the action is retried based on the retry policy
defined. There are 3 retry strategies - Fixed Interval, Incremental Interval,
Exponential Backoff Strategy.

/***
* Class to detect Transient Blocks - Here
* OperationCancelledException is
* detected and then the retry strategy is employed.
*/
internal class AppTransientDetection : ITransientErrorDetectionStrategy
{
bool IsTransient(Exception exception) =>
exception is OperationCanceledException;
}

/***
* Retry Strategy - Here Fixed Interval Strategy is employed and is retrie
d for 5 times.
*/
RetryStrategy retryStrategy = new FixedInterval(retryCount: 5, retryInter
val: TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));

RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new RetryPolicy(new AppTransientDetection(), re

tryStrategy);
retryPolicy.ExecuteAction(() => {
try {
string commandText = @”USE FEDERATION User_Federation(ShardId =”
+ shardId + “) WITH RESET, FILTERING=ON”;
userEntity.Connection.Open();
userEntity.ExecuteStoreCommand(commandText);
} catch (Exception e) {
userEntity.Connection.Close();
SqlConnection.ClearAllPools();
}
});

17. Define azure storage key.

• Azure storage key is used for authentication for validating access for the
azure storage service to control access of data based on the project
requirements.
• 2 types of storage keys are given for the authentication purpose -
o Primary Access Key
o Secondary Access Key
• The main purpose of the secondary access key is for avoiding downtime of
the website or application.

18. What is cspack in Azure?

It is a command-line tool that is used for generating service package files. The tool
also helps in preparing the application for deployment in Microsoft Azure or
compute emulator.

Every project of cloud service type has the .cscfg file which is basically the cloud
service configuration file that is generated by means of cspack tool and is primarily
used to store:

• The number of role instances for the deployment of each role in the project.
• The thumbprint of the certificates.
• User-defined configuration and settings.

19. What is the best Azure solution for executing the code without a
server?

• Azure Functions service can be used for executing the code without a server.
 • Serverless Azure Functions are used for simplifying complex orchestration
and challenging resolutions. They are meant for being stateless and short-
lived.
• They help to connect with other services without the need for hard coding of
the integrations thereby making the development process faster.
• It helps the developer to write and concentrate on the business logic code
thereby saving time and effort.
• They also provide the features of monitoring and analyzing code
performance by means of Azure Application Insights that help in identifying
bottlenecks and failure points across the components of the application.

20. What would be the best feature recommended by Azure for

having a common file sharing system between multiple virtual
machines?

Azure provides a service called Azure File System which is used as a common
repository system for sharing the data across the Virtual Machines configured by
making use of protocols like SMB, FTPS, NFS, etc.

21. Is it possible to login to a Linux Virtual Machine without using a

password?

Yes, it is possible by making use of the Key Vault mapping to any Admin VM, we
can log in to another VM without the need for a password.

22. What are the differences between Azure Scale Sets and
Availability Sets?

The main difference between Azure Scale Sets and Availability Sets are given
below:

Criteria Azure Scale Sets Azure Availability Sets

They are a group of identically They are the group of discretely
configured VMs that are spread configured VMs that are spread
Definition across multiple fault domains. across various fault domains.
Default These have 5 fault domains and By default, these have 3 fault
Domain update domains by default. domains and 5 update domains.
These are used when there are
unpredictable workloads that
Workload require the feature of auto These are used when there are
Type scalability. predictable workload requirements.
Criteria Azure Scale Sets Azure Availability Sets
Here, the VMs are configured and Here, the VMs are created by
Configuration created in the same manner from making use of different images and
Style the same image. configurations.
The number of VMs can be
increased/decreased based on A VM can be added to an
the demand or the pre-defined availability set only at the time of
VM Count schedule. the set’s creation.
Here, the VM scale sets can be
distributed across multiple data
Distribution centers or within a single data Here, the VMs are automatically
style center. distributed in a data center.

23. What would happen when the maximum failed attempts are
reached during the process of Azure ID Authentication?

In case of maximum failed attempts, the azure account would get locked and the
method of locking is dependent on the protocol that analyzes the entered
password and the IP addresses of the login requests.

24. Is it possible to get a public DNS or IP address for the Azure

Internal Load Balancer?

No! As the name itself says, Azure Internal Load Balancer supports only Private IP
addresses, and hence the assignment of a public IP address or DNS name is not
possible.

25. What is Azure Blob Storage?

• Azure Blob storage is the object storage solution provided by Microsoft for
the cloud. Blob stands for “Binary Large Object”. Blob-based storage is used
to store massive unstructured data in terms of text or binary format. It is
ideal for serving documents/images/audio/video/text directly to browser.
• The data stored in the blob storage is accessible from anywhere in the world.
The blobs are tied to user accounts by grouping them into containers. The
Azure Blob Service has 3 components:
o Storage Account: This can be a General Storage Account or Blob
Storage Account registered in Microsoft Azure.
o Container: Container is used for grouping blobs. We can store an
unlimited number of blobs in a container. The name of the container
should start in lowercase.
o Blob: A blob is a Binary Large Object like a file or document of any
type and size. There are 3 kinds of Blobs supported by Azure:
 ▪ Block blobs: These are intended for text and binary files and
can support up to 195GB, i.e up to 50k blocks of up to 4MB
each.
▪ Append blobs: These are used for appending operations like
logging data in log files.
▪ Page blobs: These are meant for frequent read/write
operations.

Azure Blob Storage

Azure Interview Questions For Experienced

26. What do you understand by Azure Scheduler?
Azure Scheduler helps us to invoke certain background trigger events or activities
like calling HTTP/S endpoints or to present a message on the queue on any
schedule.

By using this Azure Schedule, the jobs present in the cloud call services present
within and outside of the Azure to execute those jobs on-demand that are routinely
on a repeated regular schedule or start those jobs at a future specified date.

Azure Scheduler

27. Is it possible to map the Windows machines running on two

different port numbers, say 80 and 81, on an IIS Web Server to an
Azure Load Balancer?

Yes, it can be done by defining a separate Load Balancer Role in Azure.

28. You have an application running on the On-Prem Server and have
backup on Azure East US region. Now, On-Prem server application
access fails. Is it possible to access the application via the Azure
environment?

Yes, it is totally possible by making use of the Site Recovery Service provided by
Azure. It is capable of handling fail-over and fail-back scenarios between On-Prem
Servers and Azure environments.

29. What feature of Azure can be used to stop the issue of high load
on the application in cases of no man support on the flow?

This issue can be stopped by making use of VM Scale sets by defining proper
configuration and conditions to provision a new VM whenever the load to the
application increases.
 • Azure VM Scale Sets lets the developer create and manage a group of VMs
that are load balanced. The scale sets can be configured in such a way that
the count of VMs can automatically be increased or decreased based on the
application demand or based on a pre-defined schedule.
• Usage of Scale Sets ensures high availability of the applications and allows
the developers to manage, update and configure large VMs centrally and
also help them support the development of large-scale applications
supporting big data, big workloads, and compute loads.
• Azure scale sets can support up to 1,000 VMs. If the custom VM images are
created and uploaded, then the limit is 600 VMs.

30. What are the types of storage services apart from blob storage
provided by Azure?

Azure provides overall 4 types of storage services - Blob Service, Table Storage,
Queue Storage, and File Storage Services as shown in the figure below:

Types of Storage Services

• Azure Table Storage: This type of storage lets user deploy their applications
with semi-structured data and a NoSQL-based key-value store.
o This is used when there is a need for applications that follow a flexible
schema of data.
o Table Storage focuses on enterprise-level data and follows strongly
consistent models.
o The data is represented in terms of Entities grouped under tables.
• Azure Queue Storage: This storage provides a message queue system for
handling large workloads by letting users develop and build flexible and
modular applications.
o This storage ensures that the application becomes less prone to
failure of individual components and is scalable.
 o With the help of message queues, it provides the queue monitoring
feature for helping the application to ensure the user demands are
met.
• Azure File Storage: This storage type provides features of file sharing that are
accessible using SMB (Server Message Block) Protocol. The data in this
storage is protected by HTTPS and SMB 3.0 Protocol.
o They are used for improving the performance and capabilities of on-
premise applications.
o The OS deployments and hardware management is taken by Azure
itself.

31. What are IaaS, PaaS and SaaS?

IaaS: This stands for “Infrastructure as a Service” which provides a set of capabilities
like OS, network connectivities, etc which are at the infrastructural level and are
delivered as pay per use policy. The infrastructure is used for hosting applications.
Examples include Azure VM, VNET, etc.

PaaS: PaaS stands for “Platform as a Service” which is mostly about underlying
infrastructure abstraction to the developers for enabling quicker development of
the applications without the need for worry about hosting management. Examples
include Azure web apps, Storage services, cloud services, etc.

SaaS: SaaS stands for “Software as a Service” and are those applications which are
delivered using the service delivery model where the applications are simply
consumed and used by an organization. These applications are generally mobilized
by making the organization pay for their usage or through ads. Examples include
applications like Office 365, Gmail, SharePoint Online, and so on.

The following table shows the difference between the On-Prem Service, IaaS, PaaS,
and SaaS services. We can observe that as we go right, the level of control the
developer or the user has over the application reduces.
IaaS, PaaS and SaaS

32. What are the differences between the Azure Table Storage and
the Azure SQL service?

The main difference between Azure Table Storage and Azure SQL Service is given
below:

Table Storage Service Azure SQL Table

This follows a NoSQL type of storage This follows the relational storage structure
on Azure. on Azure.
The data is stored in key-value format The data here is stored in rows and columns
and is referred to as Entity. combination in the SQL table.
The data schema is enforced for storing data
The data schema is not enforced for and if the schema violation occurs, then it
storage. results in an error.
The relationship between tables is not Relationships between tables are defined by
possible. means of the foreign keys.
The partition and row key combination Uniqueness can be defined by the user by
are considered unique for each entity. means of a primary key or unique key.
This service can be used for storing log This service is widely used for transaction-
information or diagnostics data. based applications.

33. Consider a scenario where an application front end hosting is

done on Azure but the customer needs the database hosting to be
done on on-premise server due to security concerns. What are the
ways to handle the connectivity in Azure for this scenario?

• Possibility 1: Azure VNET based “Point to Site” service can be a correct

choice for this scenario of connecting one on-premise DB to an Azure-
hosted app. “Point to Site” is valid for cases where the count of resources to
be connected via VPN is very limited.
• Possibility 2: In case there is a large number of resources for connection,
then “Site to Site” or “Express routes” are the other options that could be
considered.
o There might be chances that using “Site to Site” might lead to
network latency as VPN due to these work only via Internet (public
infrastructure). In such cases, “Express Routes” are used as it provides
dedicated leased line for overcoming latency issues.
• Possibility 3: In case the customer is not willing to work via VNET, then
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) service can be developed and
hosted on-premise which would have CRUD operations meant only for the
database hosted on-premise. This works by means of using the “Service bus
relay” option for developing communication between the Azure-hosted app
to the WCF service for database access.

34. What are the differences between the Azure Storage Queue and
the Azure Service Bus Queue?

The main difference between Azure Storage Queue and the Azure Service Bus
Queue is given below:

Azure Storage Queue Azure Service Bus Queue

Here, the FIFO (First In First Out) The FIFO order is guaranteed for the messages
ordering is not guaranteed. by means of sessions.
Sessions that are messaging level are supported
Sessions are not supported. here.
Here, only the “At Least Once This supports “At least once”, “Atmost once” and
delivery” model is supported. “Exactly once” delivery models for the messages.
There is no automatic detection of
duplicates here. Automatic duplicate detection is supported here.
Does not support dead lettering. Supports dead lettering.
The size of the message is 64KB. The size of the message is 256KB.
Supports one-to-one delivery of Supports both one to one and one-to-many
messages. deliveries of messages.
The transaction is not supported. The transaction is supported here.
Azure Storage Queue Azure Service Bus Queue
This queue supports only batch This supports both batch send and batch receive
receive. of messages.
The behavior of receiving The behavior can be either blocking or non-
messages is non-blocking. blocking based on the configuration.

35. What are the possible causes of the client application to be

disconnected from the cache?

There can be 2 possible causes:

• Client-side causes:
o The application might have been redeployed.
o The application might have just performed a scaling operation.
o The client-side networking layer has been changed.
o There might be transient errors in the client or the network between
the client and the server.
o Another possible reason could be the bandwidth threshold limits have
been crossed.
• Server-side causes:
o It might occur if the Azure Redis Cache service itself might undergo a
failover from the primary to the secondary node.
o The server instance where the cache was deployed might have
undergone patching or maintenance.

36. How can a VM be created by means of Azure CLI?

az vm create `
--resource-group myResourceGroupName `
--name myVM --image win2016datacenter `
--admin-username AzureuserNAME `
--admin-password AzurePASSWORD

Conclusion

Microsoft Azure has proven itself to be the fastest-growing cloud platform due to
its more than 200 service offerings and benefits with pay per use pricing strategy.
The revenue generated by Microsoft Azure has been growing constantly from $880
million in 2015 to a whopping $14.6 billion in 2020.

This tremendous growth in Azure has paved the path to many businesses by
creating lots of opportunities in both tech and non-tech domains thereby making it
a very lucrative domain for building one’s career.
8. What are Roles and why do we use them?

Explanation: Roles are nothing servers in layman terms. These servers are
managed, load balanced, Platform as a Service virtual machines that work
together to achieve a common goal.

There are 3 types of roles in Microsoft Azure:

• Web Role
• Worker Role
• VM Role

Let’s discuss each of these roles in detail:

• Web Role – A web role is basically used to deploy a website, using

languages supported by the IIS platform like, PHP, .NET etc. It is configured
and customized to run web applications.
• Worker Role – A worker role is more like an help to the Web role, it used
to execute background processes unlike the Web Role which is used to
deploy the website.
• VM Role – The VM role is used by a user to schedule tasks and other
windows services. This role can be used to customize the machines on
which the web and worker role is running.

9. A _________ role is a virtual machine instance running Microsoft IIS

Web server that can accept and respond to HTTP or HTTPS requests.

A. Web
B. Server
C. Worker
D. Client

Answer: A. Web

Explanation: The answer should be Web Roles, there are no roles such as Server
or Client roles. Also, Worker roles can only communicate with Azure Storage or
through direct connections to clients.
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10. Is it possible to create a Virtual Machine using Azure Resource

Manager in a Virtual Network that was created using classic
deployment?

Explanation: This is not supported. You cannot use Azure Resource Manager to
deploy a virtual machine into a virtual network that was created using classic
deployment.

11. What are virtual machine scale sets in Azure?

Explanation: Virtual machine scale sets are Azure compute resource that you can
use to deploy and manage a set of identical VMs. With all the VMs configured the
same, scale sets are designed to support true autoscale, and no pre-provisioning
of VMs is required. So it’s easier to build large-scale services that target big
compute, big data, and containerized workloads.

12. Are data disks supported within scale sets?

Explanation: Yes. A scale set can define an attached data disk configuration that
applies to all VMs in the set. Other options for storing data include:

• Azure files (SMB shared drives)

• OS drive
• Temp drive (local, not backed by Azure Storage)
• Azure data service (for example, Azure tables, Azure blobs)
• External data service (for example, remote database)

13. What is an Availability Set?

Explanation: An availability set is a logical grouping of VMs that allows Azure to

understand how your application is built to provide redundancy and availability.
It is recommended that two or more VMs are created within an availability set to
provide for a highly available application and to meet the 99.95% Azure SLA. When
a single VM is used with Azure Premium Storage, the Azure SLA applies for
unplanned maintenance events.

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14. What are Fault Domains?

Explanation: A fault domain is a logical group of underlying hardware that share

a common power source and network switch, similar to a rack within an on-
premise data-centers. As you create VMs within an availability set, the Azure
platform automatically distributes your VMs across these fault domains. This
approach limits the impact of potential physical hardware failures, network
outages, or power interruptions.

15. What are Update Domains?

Explanation: An update domain is a logical group of underlying hardware that

can undergo maintenance or can be rebooted at the same time. As you create
VMs within an availability set, the Azure platform automatically distributes your
VMs across these update domains. This approach ensures that at least one
instance of your application always remains running as the Azure platform
undergoes periodic maintenance. The order of update domains being rebooted
may not proceed sequentially during planned maintenance, but only one update
domain is rebooted at a time.

16. What are Network Security Groups?

Explanation: A network security group (NSG) contains a list of Access Control List
(ACL) rules that allow or deny network traffic to subnets, NICs, or both. NSGs can
be associated with either subnets or individual NICs connected to a subnet. When
an NSG is associated with a subnet, the ACL rules apply to all the VMs in that
subnet. In addition, traffic to an individual NIC can be restricted by associating an
NSG directly to a NIC.

17. Do scale sets work with Azure availability sets?

Explanation: Yes. A scale set is an implicit availability set with 5 fault domains and
5 update domains. Scale sets of more than 100 VMs span multiple placement
groups, which are equivalent to multiple availability sets. An availability set of VMs
can exist in the same virtual network as a scale set of VMs. A common
configuration is to put control node VMs (which often require unique
configuration) in an availability set and put data nodes in the scale set.

18. What is a break-fix issue?

Explanation: Technical problems are called break-fix issue, it is an industry term

which refers to “work involved in supporting a technology when it fails in the
normal course of its function, which requires intervention by a support
organization to be restored to working order”.

19. Why is Azure Active Directory used?

Explanation: Azure Active Directory is an Identity and Access Management

system. It is used to grant access to your employees to specific products and
services in your network. For example: Salesforce.com, twitter etc. Azure AD has
some in-built support for applications in its gallery which can be added directly.

20. What happens when you exhaust the maximum failed attempts
for authenticating yourself via Azure AD?

Explanation: We use a more sophisticated strategy to lock accounts. This is based

on the IP address of the request and the passwords entered. The duration of the
lockout also increases based on the likelihood that it is an attack.

21. Where can I find a list of applications that are pre-integrated

with Azure AD and their capabilities?

Explanation: Azure AD has around 2600 pre-integrated applications. All pre-

integrated applications support single sign-on (SSO). SSO let you use your
organizational credentials to access your apps. Some of the applications also
support automated provisioning and de-provisioning.

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22. How can I use applications with Azure AD that I’m using on-
premises?

Explanation: Azure AD gives you an easy and secure way to connect to the web
applications you choose. You can access these applications in the same way you
access your SaaS apps in Azure AD, no need for a VPN to change your network
infrastructure.

23. What is Azure Service Fabric?

Explanation: Azure Service Fabric is a distributed systems platform that makes it

easy to package, deploy, and manage scalable and reliable micro-services. Service
Fabric also addresses the significant challenges in developing and managing cloud
applications. Developers and administrators can avoid complex infrastructure
problems and focus on implementing mission-critical, demanding workloads that
are scalable, reliable, and manageable. Service Fabric represents the next-
generation middleware platform for building and managing these enterprise-
class, tier-1, cloud-scale applications.

24. What is a VNet?

Explanation: VNet is a representation of your own network in the cloud. It

logically isolates your instances launched in the cloud, from the rest of your
resources.

25. What are the differences between Subscription Administrator

and Directory Administrator?

Explanation: By default, one is assigned the Subscription Administrator role

when he/she signs up for Azure. A subscription admin can use either a Microsoft
account or a work or school account from the directory that the Azure
subscription is associated with. This role is authorized to manage services in the
Azure portal. If others need to sign in and access services by using the same
subscription, you can add them as co-admins.

Azure AD has a different set of admin roles to manage the directory and identity-
related features. These admins will have access to various features in the Azure
portal or the Azure classic portal. The admin’s role determines what they can do,
like create or edit users, assign administrative roles to others, reset user
passwords, manage user licenses, or manage domains.

26. Are there any scale limitations for customers using managed
disks?

Explanation: Managed Disks eliminates the limits associated with storage

accounts. However, the number of managed disks per subscription is limited to
2000 by default.

27. What is the difference between Service Bus Queues and Storage
Queues?

Explanation: The Azure Storage Queue is simple and the developer experience is
quite good. It uses the local Azure Storage Emulator and debugging is made quite
easy. The tooling for Azure Storage Queues allows you to easily peek at the top 32
messages and if the messages are in XML or Json, you’re able to visualize their
contents directly from Visual Studio Furthermore, these queues can be purged of
their contents, which is especially useful during development and QA efforts.
The Azure Service Bus Queues are evolved and surrounded by many useful
mechanisms that make it enterprise worthy! They are built into the Service Bus
and are able to forward messages to other Queues and Topics. They have a built-
in dead-letter queue and messages have a time to live that you control, hence
messages don’t automatically disappear after 7 days.

Furthermore, Azure Service Bus Queues have the ability of deleting themselves
after a configurable amount of idle time. This feature is very practical when you
create Queues for each user, because if a user hasn’t interacted with a Queue for
the past month, it automatically gets clean it up. Its also a great way to drive costs
down. You shouldn’t have to pay for storage that you don’t need. These Queues
are limited to a maximum of 80gb. Once you’ve reached this limit your application
will start receiving exceptions.

28. What is Azure Redis Cache?

Redis is an open source (BSD licensed), in-memory data structure store, used as
a database, cache and message broker. Azure Redis Cache is based on the
popular open-source Redis cache. It gives you access to a secure, dedicated Redis
cache, managed by Microsoft, and accessible from any application within Azure. It
supports data structures such as strings, hashes, lists, sets, sorted sets with range
queries, bitmaps, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes with radius queries.

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29. Why doesn’t Azure Redis Cache have an MSDN class library
reference like some of the other Azure services?

Explanation: Microsoft Azure Redis Cache is based on the popular open source
Redis Cache and can be accessed by a wide variety of Redis clients for many
programming languages. Each client has its own API that makes calls to the Redis
cache instance using Redis commands.

Because each client is different, there is not one centralized class reference on
MSDN, and each client maintains its own reference documentation. In addition to
the reference documentation, there are several tutorials showing how to get
started with Azure Redis Cache using different languages and cache clients. To
access these tutorials, see How to use Azure Redis Cache and click the desired
language from the language switcher at the top of the article.

30. What are Redis databases?

Explanation: Redis Databases are just a logical separation of data within the
same Redis instance. The cache memory is shared between all the databases and
actual memory consumption of a given database depends on the keys/values
stored in that database. For example, a C6 cache has 53 GB of memory. You can
choose to put all 53 GB into one database or you can split it up between multiple
databases.

31. Is it possible to add an existing VM to an availability set?

Explanation: No. If you want your VM to be part of an availability set, you need to
create the VM within the set. There currently no way to add a VM to an availability
set after it has been created.

32. What are the username requirements when creating a VM?

Explanation: Usernames can be a maximum of 20 characters in length and

cannot end in a period (“.”).

The following usernames are not allowed:

33. What are the password requirements when creating a VM?

Explanation: Passwords must be 12 – 123 characters in length and meet 3 out of

the following 4 complexity requirements:

• Have lower characters

• Have upper characters
• Have a digit
 • Have a special character (Regex match [W_])

The following passwords are not allowed:

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34. How much storage can I use with a virtual machine?

Explanation: Each data disk can be up to 1 TB. The number of data disks which
you can use depends on the size of the virtual machine.

Azure Managed Disks are the new and recommended disk storage offerings for
use with Azure Virtual Machines for persistent storage of data. You can use
multiple Managed Disks with each Virtual Machine. Managed Disks offer two types
of durable storage options: Premium and Standard Managed Disks.

Azure storage accounts can also provide storage for the operating system disk
and any data disks. Each disk is a .vhd file stored as a page blob.

35. How can one create a Virtual Machine in Powershell?

# Define a credential object

$cred = Get-Credential
# Create a virtual machine configuration
$vmConfig = New-AzureRmVMConfig -VMName myVM -VMSize Standard_DS2 |
` Set-AzureRmVMOperatingSystem -Windows -ComputerName myVM -
Credential $cred |
` Set-AzureRmVMSourceImage -PublisherName MicrosoftWindowsServer -
Offer WindowsServer `
-Skus 2016-Datacenter -Version latest | Add-
AzureRmVMNetworkInterface -Id $nic.Id
36. How to create a Network Security Group and a Network Security
Group Rule?

# Create an inbound network security group rule for port 3389

$nsgRuleRDP = New-AzureRmNetworkSecurityRuleConfig -Name
myNetworkSecurityGroupRuleRDP -Protocol Tcp `
 -Direction Inbound -Priority 1000 -SourceAddressPrefix * -
SourcePortRange * -DestinationAddressPrefix * `
-DestinationPortRange 3389 -Access Allow

# Create an inbound network security group rule for port 80

$nsgRuleWeb = New-AzureRmNetworkSecurityRuleConfig -Name
myNetworkSecurityGroupRuleWWW -Protocol Tcp `
-Direction Inbound -Priority 1001 -SourceAddressPrefix * -
SourcePortRange * -DestinationAddressPrefix * `
-DestinationPortRange 80 -Access Allow

# Create a network security group

$nsg = New-AzureRmNetworkSecurityGroup -ResourceGroupName
myResourceGroup -Location EastUS `
-Name myNetworkSecurityGroup -SecurityRules $nsgRuleRDP,$nsgRuleWeb

37. How to create a new storage account and container using Power
Shell?

$storageName = "st" + (Get-Random)

New-AzureRmStorageAccount -ResourceGroupName "myResourceGroup" -
AccountName $storageName -Location "West US" -SkuName "Standard_LRS"
-Kind Storage
$accountKey = (Get-AzureRmStorageAccountKey -ResourceGroupName
myResourceGroup -Name $storageName).Value[0]
$context = New-AzureStorageContext -StorageAccountName $storageName
-StorageAccountKey $accountKey
New-AzureStorageContainer -Name "templates" -Context $context -
Permission Container
38. How can one create a VM in Azure CLI?

az vm create ` --resource-group myResourceGroup ` --name myVM --

image win2016datacenter ` --admin-username azureuser ` --admin-
password myPassword12
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39. What are the various power states of a VM?

Power State Description

Indicates the virtual machine is being
Starting
started
Indicates that the virtual machine is
Running
running
 Indicates that the virtual machine is
Stopping
being stopped
Indicates that the virtual machine is
Stopped
stopped
Indicates that the virtual machine is
Deallocating
being deallocated
Indicates that the virtual machine is
completely removed from the
hypervisor but still available in the
Deallocated
control plane. Virtual Machines in the
deallocated state do not incur compute
charges.
40. How can you retrieve the state of a particular VM?

Get-AzureRmVM `
-ResourceGroupName myResourceGroup `
-Name myVM `
-Status | Select @{n="Status"; e={$_.Statuses[1].Code}}
41. How can you stop a VM using Power Shell?

Stop-AzureRmVM -ResourceGroupName myResourceGroupVM -Name "myVM" -

Force
42. Why was my client disconnected from the cache?

Explanation: The following are some common reason for a cache disconnect.

• Client-side causes
o The client application was redeployed.
o The client application performed a scaling operation.
o In the case of Cloud Services or Web Apps, this may be due to auto-
scaling.
o The networking layer on the client side changed.
o Transient errors occurred in the client or in the network nodes
between the client and the server.
o The bandwidth threshold limits were reached.
o CPU bound operations took too long to complete.
• Server-side causes
o On the standard cache offering, the Azure Redis Cache service
initiated a fail-over from the primary node to the secondary node.
o Azure was patching the instance where the cache was deployed
o This can be for Redis server updates or general VM maintenance.

43. What is Azure Search?

Explanation: Azure Search is a cloud search-as-a-service solution that delegates
server and infrastructure management to Microsoft, leaving you with a ready-to-
use service that you can populate with your data and then use to add search to
your web or mobile application. Azure Search allows you to easily add a robust
search experience to your applications using a simple REST API or .NET SDK
without managing search infrastructure or becoming an expert in search.

44. My web app still uses an old Docker container image after I’ve
updated the image on Docker Hub. Does Azure support continuous
integration/deployment of custom containers?

Explanation: Yes, it does. For private registries, you can update the container by
stopping and then re-starting your web app. Alternatively, you can also change or
add a dummy application setting to force an update of your container.

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45. What are the expected values for the Startup File section when
I configure the runtime stack?

Explanation: For Node.Js, you specify the PM2 configuration file or your script file.
For .NET Core, specify your compiled DLL name. For Ruby, you can specify the
Ruby script that you want to initialize your app with.

46. How are Azure Marketplace subscriptions priced?

Explanation:

Pricing will vary based on product types. ISV software charges and Azure
infrastructure costs are charged separately through your Azure subscription.
Pricing models include:

BYOL Model: Bring-your-own-license. You obtain outside of the Azure

Marketplace, the right to access or use the offering and are not charged Azure
Marketplace fees for use of the offering in the Azure Marketplace.

Free: Free SKU. Customers are not charged Azure Marketplace fees for use of the
offering.

Free Software Trial: Full-featured version of the offer that is promotionally free
for a limited period of time. You will not be charged Azure Marketplace fees for
use of the offering during a trial period. Upon expiration of the trial period,
customers will automatically be charged based on standard rates for use of the
offering.

Usage-Based: You are charged or billed based on the extent of your use of the
offering. For Virtual Machines Images, you are charged an hourly Azure
Marketplace fee. For Data Services, Developer services, and APIs, you are charged
per unit of measurement as defined by the offering.

Monthly Fee: You are charged or billed a fixed monthly fee for a subscription to
the offering (from the date of subscription start for that particular plan). The
monthly fee is not prorated for mid-month cancellations or unused services.

47. What is the difference between “price,” “software price,” and

“total price” in the cost structure for Virtual Machine offers in the
Azure Marketplace?

Explanation: “Price” refers to the cost of the Azure Virtual Machine to run the
software. “Software price” refers to the cost of the publisher software running on
an Azure Virtual Machine. “Total price” refers to the combined total cost of the
Azure Virtual Machine and the publisher software running on an Azure Virtual
Machine.

48. What are stateful and stateless microservices for Service Fabric?

Explanation: Service Fabric enables you to build applications that consist of

microservices. Stateless microservices (such as protocol gateways and web
proxies) do not maintain a mutable state outside a request and its response from
the service. Azure Cloud Services worker roles are an example of a stateless
service. Stateful microservices (such as user accounts, databases, devices,
shopping carts, and queues) maintain a mutable, authoritative state beyond the
request and its response. Today’s Internet-scale applications consist of a
combination of stateless and stateful microservices.

49. What is the meaning of application partitions?

Explanation: The application partitions are a part of the Active Directory system
and having said so, they are directory partitions which are replicated to domain
controllers. Usually, domain controllers that are included in the process of
directory partitions hold a replica of that directory partition. The attributes and
values of application partitions is that you can replicated them to any specific
domain controller in a forest, meaning that it could lessen replication traffic. While
the domain directory partitions transfer all their data to all of the domains, the
application partitions can focus on only one in the domain area. This makes
application partitions redundant and more available.

50. What are special Azure Regions?

Explanation: Azure has some special regions that you may wish to use when
buildingyour applications for compliance or legal purposes. These special regions
include:

• US Gov Virginia and US Gov Iowa

o A physical and logical network-isolated instance of Azure for US
government agencies and partners, operated by screened US
persons. Includes additional compliance certifications such
as FedRAMP and DISA.
• China East and China North
o These regions are available through a unique partnership between
Microsoft and 21Vianet, whereby Microsoft does not directly
maintain the datacenters.
• Germany Central and Germany Northeast
o These regions are available via a data trustee model whereby
customer data remains in Germany under control of T-Systems, a
Deutsche Telekom company, acting as the German data trustee.

2. What is Microsoft Azure?

Azure is a cloud computing platform which was launched by Microsoft in Feb

2010. It is a highly flexible cloud platform that offers development, data storage,
service hosting, and service management.

3. Explain the Importance of the role and how many types of roles are
available in Windows Azure?

Roles are a very important concept in Windows Azure, and learning them is the
base for further programming.

1.9M
Are You a Natural Born Leader?

Three types of roles in Windows Azure are:

• Web Role: It is used to deploy website by using langue which is supported

by the IIS platform customized to run the web apps.
 • Worker Role: It helps you to execute the process that runs in the
background.
• VM Role: It helps you to schedule the windows services and task.

4. Why should you use Azure CDN?

Azure CDN should be used to reduce load time and bandwidth as well as speed
the responsiveness.

5. Name some important applications of Microsoft Azure

Most important application of Microsoft Azure are:

Infrastructure Services, Mobile Apps, Web Applications, Cloud Services, Storage,
Media Services, etc.

6. What is Azure as PaaS?

PaaS is a computing platform that includes an operating system, programming

language execution environment, database, or web services. Developers and
application providers use this type of Azure services.

7. Explain the crucial benefits of Traffic Manager

Traffic management offers many advantages for the user:

• Increase the performance

• No Downtime required for update or Maintenance
• You can easily configure Azure Traffic manager on Windows Azure portal.

8. What are Break-fix issues in Microsoft Azure?

In, Microsoft Azure, all the technical problem is called break-fix issues. This term
uses when “work involved in support a technology when it fails in the normal
course of its function.

9. Explain Diagnostics in Windows Azure

Windows Azure Diagnostic offers the facility to store diagnostic data. In Azure,
some diagnostics data is stored in the table, while some are stored in a blob.
The diagnostic monitor runs in Windows Azure as well as in the computer’s
emulator for collecting data for a role instance.

10. State the difference between repetitive and minimal monitoring.

Verbose monitoring collects metrics based on performance. It allows a close

analysis of data fed during the process of application.

On the other hand, minimal monitoring is a default configuration method. It

makes the user of performance counters gathered from the operating system of
the host.

11. What is the main difference between the repository and the powerhouse
server?

The main difference between them is that repository servers are instead of the
integrity, consistency, and uniformity while powerhouse server governs the
integration of different aspects of the database repository.

12. Explain command task in Microsoft Azure

Command task is an operational window which set off the flow of either single
or multiple common whiles when the system is running.

13. What are unconnected lookups?

Unconnected lookup the input ins take by the LKP operation. In this type of
lookup method, User-defined values are disregarded in the unconnected
lookups.

14.Explain Cmdlet command of Microsoft Azure

A cmdlet is a command which is utilized as a part of the Microsoft PowerShell

environment. The cmdlet is called by the Windows PowerShell to automate the
scripts which are in the command line.

15. What is the use of the Migration Assistant tool in Azure Websites?

Migration Assistant tool helps you to examine your IIS installation. It helps you
to recognize which site can be migrated to the cloud. It is also featuring
components which are either not migrated or unsupported on the Azure
platform.
16. What is the use of Azure Active Directory?

Azure Active Directory is an identify and access management system. It is very

much similar to the active directories. It allows you to grant your employee in
accessing specific products and services within the network.

17. What is HDInsight in Microsoft Azure?

HDInsight is a could service which that makes it easy. It is fast and cost-effective
to process a massive amount of data using with the help of open-source
frameworks like Spark, Hadoop, Hive, Storm and R. HDInsight offers various
type of scenarios which includes ETL, data warehousing, and Machine Learning.

18. Explain role instance in Microsoft Azure

A role instance is a virtual instance on which the application code and role
configuration run. A role can have multiple instances, which are defined in the
service configuration file.

19. Explain the term ‘service fabric’ in Azure

Service fabric is a middleware platform which gives more scalable outcome. It

mostly renders with a more managed and reliable enterprise.

20. Explain Availability Set

It is a logical grouping of Virtual Machines. It allows the Azure cloud to build

understand how the application for a user is built to provide availability and
redundancy.

21. Name the types of web application which can be deployed with Azure

ASP.Net, PHP, WCF are a type of web application which can be deployed with
SQL Azure.

22. How many customers subscriptions allowed in managed disks?

The number of managed disks subscription is limited to 2000.

23. Explain the service definition file

The course service definition file (.csdef) defines the service mode. It includes a
number of roles.
24. State the difference between copy and shortcut

Copied means transferring an object from one to another folder which takes
double space. The shortcut is a dynamic Link on an object which saves the
space which shows changes in the original object.

25. Name the services which are used to manage resources in Azure

• Application Insights
• Azure Portal
• Azure Resource manager
• Log Analytics

26. Explain enterprise warehousing

Enterprise warehousing is the phenomenon where the data is developed by the

organization having access at a single point throughout the globe. The
warehousing allows serving to get linked to a single point with the assistance of
periodic handling.

27. What are the important drawbacks of using Microsoft Azure?

• Cloud computing is not possible if you are not able to connect to the
Internet.
• Azure is a web-based app which needs a lot of bandwidth to download, as
do large documents.
• Web-based applications can sometimes be slower compared accessing
similar software program on your desktop PC.

28. What is MOSS?

Microsoft SharePoint Server (MOSS) that consist of a complete version of the

portal platform. It allows a user to manage, share and even create the
document.

29. What is the step you need to perform when drive failure occurs?

When there is an instance that the drive has failed, the following step should be
performed:

• The drive should be not mounted, which allows the object Azure storage
to function without fail.
 • The second scenario is replacing the drive in which the desired step will
remounting, formatting the drive.

30. What it’s the difference between PROC MEANS and PROC SUMMARY?

• PROC MEANS: It refers to the subgroup of statist created in the

persistence of the BY statement.
• PROC SUMMARY: It is the support statistic giving all varieties of
information running simultaneously.

31. State the difference between a library and a list

The library is an interface which allows to manage and store a document which
can be created using Word, Excel, or PowerPoint.

On the other hand, the list is the representation of the item in a tabular format
using column and rows. It can be attached with documents.

32. Can you create VM by using Microsoft Azure Resource Manager in a

Virtual Network?

No, it is not possible to create a virtual machine using the Azure Resource
Manager.

33. What is the use of VNET?

With the help of VNET, you can represent your network within the cloud. It could
insulate the instance logically which are launched within the cloud.

34. What the important requirements when creating a new Virtual Machine?

The length of the user name should not more than 20 characters, and it should
not end with a period.

35. Name various power states of a Virtual Machine.

Various power states of a Virtual Machine are: Running, Starting, Stopping,

Deallocating, etc.

36. Explain lookup transformation

Lookup transformation helps you to finds outsource qualifier. It may be either

active/passive lookup transformation.
37. What are the three main components of the Windows Azure platform?

Three most important components of the Windows Azure platform are:

• Compute
• Storage
• AppFabric

38. Explain cspack in Microsoft Azure

Cspack is a command-line tool which generates a service package file. It also

helps you to prepares an application for deployment, either in compute
emulator or Microsoft Windows Azure.

39. What is the purpose of using an application partition scheme in Azure?

An application partition aims to reduce the replication traffic within a specific

domain area.

40. Explain Azure Service Level Agreement

The Service ensures that when you send two or more roles instances for each
role, access to your cloud service will be maintained 9 out of 10 times. Moreover,
identification re-correction activity will be stared when the procedure of a role
instance is not running.

41. What do you mean by the network security groups?

A network security group allows you to manage the network traffic to NIC or
subnets etc. If it is connected in the best possible way, then the network load
will be distributed wisely.

42. What happens when you exhaust the maximum failed attempts by
authenticating yourself using Azure AD?

We use a more method to lock accounts. This is based on the IP address of the
request and the passwords entered by the user.

43. Explain the concept of the table in Windows Azure

A table is one kind of Azure store. In which you can store your information.

Below given are the key concepts of the table:

 • Tables allow structure data storage
• There can be 0 to n table in a storage account.
• An element has an essential key and properties as a key-value pair.

44. What is the use of Temp Drive in VM?

Temp Drive is used for Paging in Azure. However, it is a short drive, and you
should not use it for storage.

45. Explain guest OS in Microsoft Azure

Guest OS is an operating system which runs on the virtual machine which allows
you to hosts an instance of a role.

46. When will you find the list of built-in app with ADD?

The Azure Active Directory has more than 2500 built-in app. It allows you to
access the application more securely.

47. Are data disks provide support within scale sets?

Yes, a scale allows you to define an attached data disk configuration which
applies to all VMs In the set. Other options for data storing are:

• Azure files
• Azure Data services
• OS drive
• External data service

48. State the difference pricing model of Microsoft Azure

Here, are different pricing model of Microsoft Azure:

BYOL Model: It brings your license model. It is just right to access model. You can
obtain it outside of the Azure Marketplace. This model is not charged any fees.

Free Software Trial: It is a full-featured version which is promotionally free for a

limited period of time. However, for excessive use, you need to pay fees.

Usage-based: This is a widely used model of Microsoft Azure. Here, user are
changed for only that service which is used by them.

Monthly fee: Here, you need to pay a fixed monthly payment for a subscription.
49. What is csrun?

Csrun is a command-line tool that deploys a packaged application to the

Windows Azure compute emulator and manages the running service.

50. Name two blobs used in Microsoft Azure

Two types of blobs offer in Azure are:

1. Block Blob
2. Page Blob

51. How much storage can a user with a virtual machine use?

Each data disk on the VM can be up to 1 TB. However, the number of data disks,
which you can use depends on the size of the virtual machine.

52. Name three types of Disks used by VMs

Three types of disk used in VMs are:

• Operating system disk

• Temporary disk
• Data disk

53. Name two types of cloud services

Two most common could services are:

• Public cloud
• Private cloud

37. What is Windows Azure compute emulator?

The compute emulator is a local emulator of Windows Azure that you can use to
build and test your application before deploying it to Windows Azure.

38. What is the fabric?

In the Windows Azure cloud fabric is nothing but a combination of many virtualized
instances which run the client application
39. How many instances of a Role should be deployed to satisfy
Azure SLA (service level agreement)? And what’s the benefit of
Azure SLA?

TWO. And if we do so, the role would have external connectivity at least 99.95% of
the time.

40. What are the options to manage session state in Windows

Azure?

• Windows Azure Caching

• SQL Azure
• Azure Table

41. What is CSPack?

It is a command-line tool that generates a service package file (.cspkg) and prepares
an application for deployment, either to Windows Azure or to the compute
emulator.

42. What is Csrun?

It is a command-line tool that deploys a packaged application to the Windows Azure

compute emulator and manages the running service.

43. What is the guest OS?

It is the operating system that runs on the virtual machine that hosts an instance of
a role.

[ Related Article: Learn Azure Key Vault ]

44. How to programmatically scale-out Azure Worker Role

instances?

Using AutoScaling Application Block

45. What is the difference between Public Cloud and Private Cloud?

A public cloud is used as a service via the Internet by the users, whereas a private
cloud, as the name conveys is deployed within certain boundaries like firewall
settings and is completely managed and monitored by the users working on it in an
organization.
Azure Administrator Interview Questions and
Answers
46. How to design applications to handle connection failure in
Windows Azure?

The Transient Fault Handling Application Block supports various standard ways of
generating the retry delay time interval, including fixed interval, incremental interval
(the interval increases by a standard amount), and exponential back-off (the interval
doubles with some random variation).

static RetryPolicy policy = new RetryPolicy(5, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2),

TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2)); policy.ExecuteAction(() => { try { string
federationCmdText = @”USE FEDERATION Customer_Federation(ShardId =” +
shardId + “) WITH RESET, FILTERING=ON”;
customerEntity.Connection.Open();
customerEntity.ExecuteStoreCommand(federationCmdText); } catch
(Exception e) { customerEntity.Connection.Close();
SqlConnection.ClearAllPools(); } });

47. What is Windows Azure Diagnostics?

Windows Azure Diagnostics enables you to collect diagnostic data from an

application running in Windows Azure. You can use diagnostic data for debugging
and troubleshooting, measuring performance, monitoring resource usage, traffic
analysis and capacity planning, and auditing.

HTTP://WWW.WINDOWSAZURE.COM/EN-US/DEVELOP/NET/COMMON-TASKS/DIAGNOSTICS/

48. What is Blob?

BLOB stands for Binary Large Object. Blob is a file of any type and size.
The Azure Blob Storage offers two types of blobs:

1. Block Blob
2. Page Blob

URL format: Blobs are addressable using the following URL format:

49. What is the difference between Block Blob vs Page Blob?

Block blobs are comprised of blocks, each of which is identified by a block ID.
You create or modify a block blob by uploading a set of blocks and committing them
by their block IDs.
If you are uploading a block blob that is no more than 64 MB in size, you can also
upload it in its entirety with a single Put Blob operation. -Each block can be a
maximum of 4 MB in size. The maximum size for a block blob in version 2009-09-19
is 200 GB or up to 50,000 blocks.

Page blobs are a collection of pages. A page is a range of data that is identified by its
offset from the start of the blob. To create a page blob, you initialize the page blob
by calling Put Blob and specifying its maximum size.
-The maximum size for a page blob is 1 TB. A page written to a page blob may be up
to 1 TB in size.
what to use block blobs for streaming video. “The application must provide random
read/write access” which is supported by Page Blobs

50. What is the difference between Windows Azure Queues and

Windows Azure Service Bus Queues?

Windows Azure supports two types of queue mechanisms: Windows Azure Queues
and Service Bus Queues.

• Windows Azure Queues, which are part of the Windows Azure storage
infrastructure, feature a simple REST-based Get/Put/Peek interface, providing
reliable, persistent messaging within and between services.
• Service Bus Queues are part of a broader Windows Azure messaging
infrastructure dead-letters queuing as well as publish/subscribe, Web service
remoting, and integration patterns.

HTTP://WCFPRO.WORDPRESS.COM/2010/12/06/COMMUNICATION-IN-WINDOWS-AZURE/
HTTP://MSDN.MICROSOFT.COM/EN-US/LIBRARY/WINDOWSAZURE/HH767287.ASPX

51. What is the dead letter queue?

1. Messages are placed on the dead-letter sub-queue by the messaging system

in the following scenarios.
2. When a message expires and dead-lettering for expired messages is set to true
in a queue or subscription.
3. When the max delivery count for a message is exceeded on a queue or
subscription.
4. When a filter evaluation exception occurs in a subscription and dead-lettering
is enabled on filter evaluation exceptions.

52. What are swap deployments?

To promote a deployment in the Azure staging environment to the production

environment, you can “swap” the deployments by switching the VIPs by which the
two deployments are accessed. After the deployment, the DNS name for the cloud
service points to the deployment that had been in the staging environment.

53. What is minimal vs. verbose monitoring?

Minimal monitoring, which is configured by default for a cloud service, uses

performance counters gathered from the host operating systems for role instances
(virtual machines). Verbose monitoring gathers additional metrics based on
performance data within the role instances to enable a closer analysis of issues that
occur during application processing. For more information

54. What are the instance sizes of Azure?

Windows Azure will handle the load balancing for all of the instances that are
created. The VM sizes are as follows:

• Compute Instance Size CPU Memory Instance Storage I/O Performance

• Extra Small 1.0 GHz 768 MB 20 GB Low
• Small 1.6 GHz 1.75 GB 225 GB Moderate
• Medium 2 x 1.6 GHz 3.5 GB 490 GB High
• Large 4 x 1.6 GHz 7 GB 1,000 GB High
• Extra-large 8 x 1.6 GHz 14 GB 2,040 GB High

55. What is table storage in Windows Azure?

The Windows Azure Table storage service stores large amounts of structured data.
The service is a NoSQL data store that accepts authenticated calls from inside and
outside the Windows Azure cloud.
Windows Azure tables are ideal for storing structured, non-relational data

• Table: A table is a collection of entities. Tables don’t enforce a schema on

entities, which means a single table can contain entities that have different sets
of properties. An account can contain many tables
• Entity: An entity is a set of properties, similar to a database row. An entity can
be up to 1MB in size.
• Properties: A property is a name-value pair. Each entity can include up to 252
properties to store data. Each entity also has 3 system properties that specify
a partition key, a row key, and a timestamp.
Entities with the same partition key can be queried more quickly, and
inserted/updated in atomic operations. An entity’s row key is its unique
identifier within a partition.

Hope you liked Mindmajix's Azure Interview Questions

1. Question 5. What Are The Roles Available In Windows Azure?
Answer :
All three roles (web, worker, VM) are essentially Windows Server 2008. Web
and Worker roles are nearly identical: With Web and Worker roles, the OS
and related patches are taken care for you; you build your app’s
components without having to manage a VM.

MVC Framework Interview Questions

2. Question 6. What Is Difference Between Windows Azure Platform And
Windows Azure?
Answer :
The former is Microsoft’s PaaS offering including Windows Azure, SQL
Azure, and Appfabric; while the latter is part of the offering and the
Microsoft’s cloud OS.
3. Question 7. What Are The Three Types Of Roles In Compute Component In
Windows Azure?
Answer :
1. WEB
2. Worker
3. VM
Microsoft Entity Framework Tutorial Microsoft Entity Framework

Interview Questions
4. Question 8. What Is Windows Azure Compute Emulator?
Answer :
The compute emulator is a local emulator of Windows Azure that you can
use to build and test your application before deploying it to Windows
Azure.
5. Question 9. What Is Fabric?
Answer :
In the Windows Azure cloud fabric is nothing but a combination of many
virtualized instances which run client application.

JqueryUI Interview Questions

6. Question 10. How Many Instances Of A Role Should Be Deployed To Satisfy
Azure Sla (service Level Agreement) ? And What’s The Benefit Of Azure
Sla?
Answer :
TWO. And if we do so, the role would have external connectivity at least
99.95% of the time.

JqueryUI Tutorial
7. Question 11. What Are The Options To Manage Session State In Windows
Azure?
Answer :
 ► Windows Azure Caching
► SQL Azure
► Azure Table

Microsoft Office SharePoint Server (MOSS) Interview Questions

8. Question 12. What Is Cspack?
Answer :
It is a command-line tool that generates a service package file (.cspkg) and
prepares an application for deployment, either to Windows Azure or to the
compute emulator.

Microsoft Outlook Interview Questions

9. Question 13. What Is Csrun?
Answer :
It is a command-line tool that deploys a packaged application to the
Windows Azure compute emulator and manages the running service.

Windows Presentation Foundation(WPF) Tutorial

10. Question 14. What Is Guest Os?
Answer :
It is the operating system that runs on the virtual machine that hosts an
instance of a role.
11. Question 15. How To Programmatically Scale Out Azure Worker Role
Instances?
Answer :
Using AutoScaling Application Block.

Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) Interview Questions

12. Question 16. What Is Web Role In Windows Azure?
Answer :
Web roles in Windows Azure are special purpose, and provide a dedicated
Internet Information Services (IIS) web-server used for hosting front-end
web applications. You can quickly and easily deploy web applications to
Web Roles and then scale your Compute capabilities up or down to meet
demand.

Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) Tutorial

13. Question 17. What Is The Difference Between Public Cloud And Private
Cloud?
Answer :
Public cloud is used as a service via Internet by the users, whereas a
private cloud, as the name conveys is deployed within certain boundaries
like firewall settings and is completely managed and monitored by the
users working on it in an organization.
 Windows Presentation Foundation(WPF) Interview Questions
14. Question 18. What Is Windows Azure Diagnostics?
Answer :
Windows Azure Diagnostics enables you to collect diagnostic data from an
application running in Windows Azure. You can use diagnostic data for
debugging and troubleshooting, measuring performance, monitoring
resource usage, traffic analysis and capacity planning, and auditing.

MVC Framework Interview Questions

15. Question 19. What Is Blob?
Answer :
BLOB stands for Binary Large Object. Blob is file of any type and size.
The Azure Blob Storage offers two types of blobs:
1. Block Blob
2. Page Blob
URL format: Blobs are addressable using the following URL format:
http://.blob.aaa.windows.net//

Spring MVC Framework Tutorial

16. Question 20. What Is The Difference Between Block Blob Vs Page Blob?
Answer :
Block blobs are comprised of blocks, each of which is identified by a block
ID.
You create or modify a block blob by uploading a set of blocks and
committing them by their block IDs.
If you are uploading a block blob that is no more than 64 MB in size, you
can also upload it in its entirety with a single Put Blob operation. -Each
block can be a maximum of 4 MB in size. The maximum size for a block
blob in version 2009-09-19 is 200 GB, or up to 50,000 blocks.
Page blobs are a collection of pages. A page is a range of data that is
identified by its offset from the start of the blob. To create a page blob, you
initialize the page blob by calling Put Blob and specifying its maximum
size.
-The maximum size for a page blob is 1 TB. A page written to a page blob
may be up to 1 TB in size.
what to use block blobs for: streaming video. “The application must
provide random read/write access” which is supported by Page Blobs
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) Interview Questions
17. Question 21. What Is The Difference Between Windows Azure Queues And
Windows Azure Service Bus Queues?
Answer :
Windows Azure supports two types of queue mechanisms:
Windows Azure Queues and Service Bus Queues .
 Windows Azure Queues: which are part of the Windows Azure storage
infrastructure, feature a simple REST-based Get/Put/Peek interface,
providing reliable, persistent messaging within and between services.
Service Bus Queues: are part of a broader Windows Azure messaging
infrastructure that supports queuing as well as publish/subscribe, Web
service remoting, and integration patterns.
18. Question 22. What Is Deadletter Queue?
Answer :
Messages are placed on the deadletter sub-queue by the messaging
system in the following scenarios.
► When a message expires and deadlettering for expired messages is set
to true in a queue or subscription.
► When the max delivery count for a message is exceeded on a queue or
subscription.
► When a filter evaluation exception occurs in a subscription and
deadlettering is enabled on filter evaluation exceptions.

Windows Server 2012 Tutorial

19. Question 23. What Are Instance Sizes Of Azure?
Answer :
Windows Azure will handle the load balancing for all of the instances that
are created. The VM sizes are as follows:
Compute Instance Size CPU Memory Instance Storage I/O Performance
► Extra Small 1.0 Ghz 768 MB 20 GB Low
► Small 1.6 GHz 1.75 GB 225 GB Moderate
► Medium 2 x 1.6 GHz 3.5 GB 490 GB High
► Large 4 x 1.6 GHz 7 GB 1,000 GB High
► Extra large 8 x 1.6 GHz 14 GB 2,040 GB High

Spring MVC Framework Interview Questions

20. Question 24. What Is Table Storoage In Windows Azure?
Answer :
The Windows Azure Table storage service stores large amounts of
structured data.
The service is a NoSQL datastore which accepts authenticated calls from
inside and outside the Windows Azure cloud.
Windows Azure tables are ideal for storing structured, non-relational data
Table: A table is a collection of entities. Tables don’t enforce a schema on
entities, which means a single table can contain entities that have different
sets of properties. An account can contain many tables
Entity: An entity is a set of properties, similar to a database row. An entity
can be up to 1MB in size.
 Properties: A property is a name-value pair. Each entity can include up to
252 properties to store data. Each entity also has 3 system properties that
specify a partition key, a row key, and a timestamp.
Entities with the same partition key can be queried more quickly, and
inserted/updated in atomic operations. An entity’s row key is its unique
identifier within a partition.

Microsoft Entity Framework Interview Questions

21. Question 25. Difference Between Web And Worker Roles In Windows
Azure?
Answer :
The main difference between the two is that an instance of a web role runs
IIS, while an instance of a worker role does not. Both are managed in the
same way, however, and it’s common for an application to use both.For
example, a web role instance might accept requests from users, then pass
them to a worker role instance for processing.
22. Question 26. What Is Azure Fabric Controller?
Answer :
The Windows Azure Fabric Controller is a resource provisioning and
management layer that manages the hardware, and provides resource
allocation, deployment/upgrade, and management for cloud services on
the Windows Azure platform.

Advanced jQuery Interview Questions

23. Question 27. What Is Autoscaling?
Answer :
Scaling by adding additional instances is often referred to as scaling out.
Windows Azure also supports scaling up by using larger role instances
instead of more role instances.
By adding and removing role instances to your Windows Azure application
while it is running, you can balance the performance of the application
against its running costs.
An autoscaling solution reduces the amount of manual work involved in
dynamically scaling an application.

JqueryUI Interview Questions

24. Question 28. What Is Vm Role In Windows Azure?
Answer :
Virtual Machine (VM) roles, now in Beta, enable you to deploy a custom
Windows Server 2008 R2 (Enterprise or Standard) image to Windows
Azure. You can use the VM role when your application requires a large
number of server OS customizations and cannot be automated. The VM
Role gives you full control over your application environment and lets you
migrate existing applications to the cloud.
25. Question 29. Apart From .net Framework, Name Other Three
Language/framework That Can Be Used To Develop Windows Azure
Applications?
Answer :
php, node.js, java

Azure Cosmos DB Interview Questions

26. Question 30. How Would You Categorize Windows Azure?
(iaas/paas/saas)?
Answer :
PaaS (Platform as a Service)
27. Question 31. What Is Azure Cloud Service?
Answer :
By creating a cloud service, you can deploy a multi-tier web application in
Azure, defining multiple roles to distribute processing and allow flexible
scaling of your application. A cloud service consists of one or more web
roles and/or worker roles, each with its own application files and
configuration. Azure Websites and Virtual Machines also enable web
applications on Azure. The main advantage of cloud services is the ability
to support more complex multi-tier architectures
28. Question 32. What Is A Cloud Service Role?
Answer :
A cloud service role is comprised of application files and a configuration. A
cloud service can have two types of role.

Windows Controls Interview Questions

29. Question 33. What Is Link A Resource ?
Answer :
To show your cloud service’s dependencies on other resources, such as an
Azure SQL Database instance, you can “link” the resource to the cloud
service. In the Preview Management Portal, you can view linked resources
on the Linked Resources page, view their status on the dashboard, and
scale a linked SQL Database instance along with the service roles on the
Scale page. Linking a resource in this sense does not connect the resource
to the application; you must configure the connections in the application
code.

Microsoft Office SharePoint Server (MOSS) Interview Questions

30. Question 34. What Is Scale A Cloud Service ?
Answer :
A cloud service is scaled out by increasing the number of role instances
(virtual machines) deployed for a role. A cloud service is scaled in by
decreasing role instances. In the Preview Management Portal, you can also
scale a linked SQL Database instance, by changing the SQL Database
edition and the maximum database size, when you scale your service roles.
31. Question 35. What Is A Web Role ?
 Answer :
A web role provides a dedicated Internet Information Services (IIS) web-
server used for hosting front-end web applications.
32. Question 36. What Is A Worker Role ?
Answer :
Applications hosted within worker roles can run asynchronous, long-
running or perpetual tasks independent of user interaction or input.

Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) Interview Questions

33. Question 37. What Is A Role Instance ?
Answer :
A role instance is a virtual machine on which the application code and role
configuration run. A role can have multiple instances, defined in the service
configuration file.
34. Question 38. What Is A Guest Operating System ?
Answer :
The guest operating system for a cloud service is the operating system
installed on the role instances (virtual machines) on which your application
code runs.
35. Question 39. What Is A Cloud Service Components?
Answer :
Three components are required in order to deploy an application as a cloud
service in Azure.
36. Question 40. What Is Deployment Environments?
Answer :
Azure offers two deployment environments for cloud services: a staging
environment in which you can test your deployment before you promote it
to the production environment. The two environments are distinguished
only by the virtual IP addresses (VIPs) by which the cloud service is
accessed. In the staging environment, the cloud service’s globally unique
identifier (GUID) identifies it in URLs (GUID.cloudapp.net). In the production
environment, the URL is based on the friendlier DNS prefix assigned to the
cloud service (for example, myservice.cloudapp.net).

Windows Presentation Foundation(WPF) Interview Questions

37. Question 41. What Is Swap Deployments?
Answer :
To promote a deployment in the Azure staging environment to the
production environment, you can “swap” the deployments by switching the
VIPs by which the two deployments are accessed. After the deployment,
the DNS name for the cloud service points to the deployment that had been
in the staging environment.
38. Question 42. What Is Minimal Vs. Verbose Monitoring?
Answer :
Minimal monitoring, which is configured by default for a cloud service,
uses performance counters gathered from the host operating systems for
 role instances (virtual machines). Verbose monitoring gathers additional
metrics based on performance data within the role instances to enable
closer analysis of issues that occur during application processing.

Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) Interview Questions

39. Question 43. What Is A Service Definition File?
Answer :
The cloud service definition file (.csdef) defines the service model,
including the number of roles.
40. Question 44. What Is A Service Configuration File?
Answer :
The cloud service configuration file (.cscfg) provides configuration settings
for the cloud service and individual roles, including the number of role
instances.
41. Question 45. What Is A Service Package ?
Answer :
The service package (.cspkg) contains the application code and the service
definition file.
42. Question 46. What Is A Cloud Service Deployment ?
Answer :
A cloud service deployment is an instance of a cloud service deployed to
the Azure staging or production environment. You can maintain
deployments in both staging and production.
43. Question 47. What Is Azure Diagnostics ?
Answer :
Azure Diagnostics is the API that enables you to collect diagnostic data
from applications running in Azure. Azure Diagnostics must be enabled for
cloud service roles in order for verbose monitoring to be turned on. For
more information.
44. Question 48. What Is Azure Service Level Agreement (sla) ?
Answer :
The Azure Compute SLA guarantees that, when you deploy two or more
role instances for every role, access to your cloud service will be
maintained at least 99.95 percent of the time. Also, detection and
corrective action will be initiated 99.9 percent of the time when a role
instance’s process is not running.