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Reference Links:
geologic dictionary1:
geodic2:
Lab Techinques Manual
NY reference sheet:
Wiki
Practice test 1:
Test1Key.
PracticeTest2

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PracticeTest3
Test3Key
PracticeTest4(w/key)
Practice Test 5
Test5Key
Practice Test 6
Test6Key
Forums
Q-Marathon
Textbooks:
Geological Structures and Maps
Dictionary of Geology and Mineralogy
A Practical Guide to Quantitative Surface and Subsurface Map Interpretation
Structural Geology of Rocks and Regions
Structural Analysis and Synthesis: A Laboratory Course in Structural Geology
Structural Geology (Twiss)
Deformation of the Crust
Understanding Earth
Structural Geology and Map Interpretation
Formula List:
A1 is the smaller apparent dip
A2 is the larger apparent dip
TD is the true dip

1.

2.
3. tan (apparent dip) = tan (true dip)*cos(obliquity angle)
4. tan (true dip) = tan(app. dip)/sin(angle between bed strike and trend of app. dip)
5. distance between contour strike lines = contour interval / tan of the dip angle.
6. D=h' (a –C2) /v', the elevation of the upper control point is a, the horizontal distance of the desired contour
from the highest control point is D, the elevation of the desired contour is C2, the map distance between the two
control points is h', and the vertical distance between the two control points is v'.
7. tan(angle between A1 and TD lines)=csc(angle between A1 and A2 lines)*(cot(A1)*tan(A2)-cos(angle between
A1 and A2 lines))
8. True thickness:

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9. the stratigraphic separation = vertical separation*cos (dip)

sd ∙
10. minimum set slip magnitude = , s = strike separation, d = dip separation
√d s 2
+ 2

11. Strain = (Deformed Length - Undeformed Length)/Undeformed Length

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Specific Information

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1.Topo/geo maps
2.Tectonics, rock formation, Earth structure and history
3. Folds, faults, erosion, intrusion signatures, subsurface geometries,
deformation sequences, sub-surface depositional features
4.Structural elements (syncline, anticline, etc.)
5.Practical Tasks (all from here)
6.Assess geohazard risks
7.Misc. Subjects (Glaciers, Stress/Strain, Geologic Dating)

Specific Information
Topo/geo maps
Topographic Maps:
http://www.csulb.edu/~rodrigue/geog140/lectures/projections.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map_projection
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system
wtoconvertamongthethreedifferentformsofLatitudeandLongitude.doc+&cd=5&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us
http://geology.isu.edu/geostac/Field_Exercise/topomaps/plss.htm
http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/TopographicMapSymbols/topomapsymbols.pdf
http://geology.isu.edu/geostac/Field_Exercise/topomaps/plss.htm
http://therucksack.tripod.com/MiBSAR/LandNav/UTM/UTM.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodetic_datum
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodesy
http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/TopographicMapSymbols/topomapsymbols.pdf

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Geologic Maps:
http://geology.about.com/library/bl/time/blcolorus.htm(Color Print)
http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/fgdc_gds/geolsymstd/fgdc-geolsym-all.pdf

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http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/taylor/es406_structure/RD_chap3lab_GeologicMaps.pdf

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Tectonics, rock formation, Earth structure and history

Tectonics
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/1Introtecto.pdf
http://legacy.mos.org/oceans/graphics/planet/features.gif
http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/geology/the-ocean-floor/continental-margins
http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/geology/the-ocean-floor/ocean-floor-sediments
http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/geology/the-ocean-floor/midoceanic-ridges
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/plate/week2/seafloor.html
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/plate/week3/contrift.html
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/plate/week3/cranswers.html#anchor377857
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/plate/week4/subduction.html
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/plate/week6/terranes.html
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/plate/week8/collision.html
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/plate/week13/mechanisms.html(mantle convection)
https://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/platetec/orogeny.htm

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Rock Formation
http://geology.utah.gov/surveynotes/gladasked/gladrocks.htm
http://jersey.uoregon.edu/~mstrick/AskGeoMan/geoQuerry14.html
http://jersey.uoregon.edu/~mstrick/AskGeoMan/IgRxChart.html
http://geoscience.wisc.edu/~chuck/Classes/Mtn_and_Plates/rock_cycle.html
http://jersey.uoregon.edu/~mstrick/AskGeoMan/geoQuerry11.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prograde_metamorphism#Prograde_and_retrograde_metamorphism
metamorphic rocks: https://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/EarthSC202Notes/igneous.htm
https://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/EarthSC202Notes/metamorp.htm
https://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/EarthSC202Notes/sedrocks.htm
http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/volc/types.html
http://www.geo.utexas.edu/courses/303/303_lab/Igneous%20Lab303.html#rockid
http://www.geo.utexas.edu/courses/303/303_lab/Sedimentary%20Lab303.html
http://www.geo.utexas.edu/courses/303/303_lab/MetamorphicLab303.html
http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~pgore/geology/geo101/meta.htm

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Earth Structure

Crust vs Mantlev vs Lithosphere vs Asthenosphere

http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/geology/inside-the-earth/the-crust
http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/geology/inside-the-earth/the-mantle
http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/geology/inside-the-earth/the-core
http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/geology/inside-the-earth/geothermal-gradients
http://ser.sese.asu.edu/GEO110/GEO110_S03/Dis2b.pdf
http://www.csulb.edu/~rodrigue/geog140/lectures/earthstructure.html
http://www.csulb.edu/~rodrigue/geog140/lectures/crustmaterials.html

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Earth History
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Earth
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological_history_of_Earth
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologic_time_scale#Table_of_geologic_time
http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2013-01.pdf
http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/geology/geologic-time/geologic-correlations
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/plate/week12/super.html
http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/geology/geologic-time/a-summary-of-earths-history
http://www.fossilmuseum.net/GeologicalHistory.htm

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Folds, faults, erosion, intrusion signatures, subsurface

geometries, deformation sequences, sub-surface
depositional features
Fold geometries
geometry of folds
_Fold math
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:TSQdnx6XQI8J:extras.springer.com/2006/978-3-540-31054-9/Data/0
05.pdf+&cd=14&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/8folds.pdf
http://earth.usc.edu/classes/geol321/labs/Pre-Lab%207.pdf
http://coastal.tamug.edu/AM/CapturedWebSites/CEPRAconference/glo_coastal_presentations/Maher/folds.html
http://faculty.uml.edu/nelson_eby/89.322/Instructor%20pdfs/Chapter%2011.%20Folds%20and%20Folding.pd
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/7folding.pdf
https://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/EarthSC202Notes/folds.htm
http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/taylor/es406_structure/RD_chap6lab_folds.pdf

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Faults, fractures, joints

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_(geology)

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http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/2faulting.pd
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/3faults.pdf
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/4thrustsyst.pdf
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/3extsyst.pdf
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/5wrench.pdf
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/4joints.pdf
http://faculty.uml.edu/Nelson_Eby/89.322/Instructor%20pdfs/Chapter%208.%20Faults.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strike-slip_tectonics
http://www.efn.uncor.edu/departamentos/GeoBas/materias/geologiatectonica/material/Thust%20Systems.pdf
http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/taylor/es406_structure/RD_chap9lab_Faults.pdf
http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/taylor/es406_structure/TM_chap10_mechanics.pdf
http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/taylor/es406_structure/TM_chap3_fractures.pdf
http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/taylor/es406_structure/TM_chap4_Faults.pdf

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Erosion
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosion
http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/geology/running-water/regional-erosion
http://www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/eens1110/streams.htm
https://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/EarthSC202Notes/erosion.htm
http://www.csulb.edu/~rodrigue/geog140/lectures/gradation.html
http://www.csulb.edu/~rodrigue/geog140/lectures/streams.html
http://seed.ucdavis.edu/files/seed/S3,2.pdf

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http://passel.unl.edu/pages/informationmodule.php?idinformationmodule=1130447025&topicorder=4
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/geo117/part2/117masswasting.html

Intrusions:

http://volcanoeruptions.wi
kispaces.com/Igneous+Intrusion

Subsurface Geometries
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unconformity
http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/structge/earthmvts.htm
http://homepage.ufp.pt/biblioteca/WebBasPrinTectonics/BasPrincTectonics/Page8.htm#ExtensiveStructures
http://www.uno.edu/cos/earth-environmental-sciences/Resources-Docs/L11_Subsurface_Geology.pdf

http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/taylor/es406_structure/TM_chap2_Techniques.pdf
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/GEOL3300/week11/crypto.html (includes information about craters!)

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Deformational sequences
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/GEOL3300/week9/microstructures.htm l
http://core.ecu.edu/geology/woods/DEFORM.htm
http://www.geologyclass.org/evolution_concepts2.htm
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/investigations/es1102/es1102page01.cfm?chapter_no=inve
stigatio
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/12Finitestrain.pdf
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/13shearzones.pdf
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/2proflitho.pdf
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/5paleostress.pdf
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/GEOL3300/week8/fabrics.html
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/GEOL3300/week10/dsz.html (ductile shear zones)
http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/taylor/es406_structure/TM_chap12_Kinematic.pdf
Foliation and Lineation:
http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/taylor/es406_structure/TM_chap13_Foliations.pdf
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/9foliation.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foliation_(geology)
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/10lineation.pdf
http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/taylor/es406_structure/TM_chap14_formation.pdf
Sub-surface depositional features
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_depositional_environment
http://www.geol.umd.edu/~jmerck/geol100/lectures/14.html

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http://acad.depauw.edu/tcope/sedstruct.html
http://www.indiana.edu/~geol105/images/gaia_chapter_5/sedimentary_structures.htm
http://www.geol.umd.edu/~jmerck/geol342/lectures/05.html
http://www.geology2.pitt.edu/GeoSites/sedstructures.htm
http://www.sepmstrata.org/Terminology.aspx?id=clinoform
http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~pgore/geology/historical_lab/2010SedimentaryEnvironments.pdf
http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~pgore/geology/historical_lab/environmentchart.htm

Structural elements (syncline, anticline, etc.)

http://www.usouthal.edu/geology/haywick/GY111/folds.pdf
http://gomyclass.com/geology10/files/Lecture11c.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fold_(geology)
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/211999/fold?anchor=ref278147
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/GEOL3300/week7/folds.html
http://w3.salemstate.edu/~lhanson/gls210/gls210_struct.htm

Practical Tasks
Almost all practical tasks can be found on this page of geology techniques

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geohazard risks
Tectonics:
http://www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/Natural_Disasters/eqhazard_risks.pdf

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http://web.gccaz.edu/~lnewman/gph111/topic_units/Fold_fault_eq/Fold_fault_eq2.html
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/about/basics.php
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/about/technical.php
http://www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/Natural_Disasters/eqprediction%26cntrl.htm
http://homepage.usask.ca/~mjr347/prog/geoe118/geoe118.037.html (you creep)
http://www.csulb.edu/~rodrigue/geog140/lectures/tectoniczones.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/parkfield/eq_predict.php

Stress/Strain:
http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/taylor/es406_structure/TM_chap8_stress.pdf
http://earthphysicsteaching.homestead.com/Principles_Structural_Geology_3.html
http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/structge/stress.htm
http://maps.unomaha.edu/maher/GEOL3300/week6/rheology.html
http://www.files.ethz.ch/structuralgeology/JPB/files/English/5paleostress.pdf

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Geologic dating:
http://geology.utah.gov/surveynotes/gladasked/gladage.htm
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/help/timeform.php

http://paleobiology.si.edu/geotime/main/foundation_dating4.html (paleomagnetics)

http://web.ics.purdue.edu/~ecalais/teaching/eas450/paleomagnetism.pdf

Glaciers:
http://www.csulb.edu/~rodrigue/geog140/lectures/glaciers.html

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