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Mixtures

Separation is the process of separating mixtures into individual substances. There are several methods for separating mixtures, including distillation, filtration, evaporation, decantation/sedimentation, sieving, and hand sorting. These methods separate mixtures based on differences in properties of the substances such as size, mass, and boiling point.

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8 views11 pages

Mixtures

Separation is the process of separating mixtures into individual substances. There are several methods for separating mixtures, including distillation, filtration, evaporation, decantation/sedimentation, sieving, and hand sorting. These methods separate mixtures based on differences in properties of the substances such as size, mass, and boiling point.

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ujala.kashan
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Separation of Mixtures

Separation is the process of separating one or


more components from a mixture.
For example, distillation, sedimentation, filtration
etc.
Remember to
recall
Mixture:
Mixtures are made up of two or more substances that are not
chemically combined
OR
Mixture is a physical combination of two or more substance in which
identities are retained

Examples: color full smarties, a bunch of keys, pencil holder


Types of Mixtures:
• Homogeneous Mixtures • Heterogeneous Mixtures
Sugar mixed with water is the most A mixture of sand mixed with salt is
common example of a an example of a heterogeneous
homogeneous mixture. mixture. Heterogeneous mixtures
Homogeneous mixtures can be possess different properties and
defined as the mixtures which compositions in various parts i.e. the
possess the same properties and properties are not uniform
combination throughout their mass. throughout the mixture.
Examples of Homogeneous • Examples of Heterogeneous
mixtures – alloys, salt, and water, mixtures – air, oil, water, etc.
alcohol in water, etc.
How do separate mixtures:

• Hand sorting
• Sieving
• Filtration
• Evaporation
• Decantation/ sedimentation
• Distillation
Hand sorting:
Handpicking is a method of separation used to separate large-sized impurities like
pieces of dirt, stone, and husk from wheat, rice or pulses.
Sieving
Sieving is a method of separation in which the mixture is passed through a filter
or a sieve. The larger particles, usually the impurities, do not pass through the
filter and hence collect on the sieve. The finer particles flow past the sieve and
can be collected below.
Filtration
Filtration is the process of passing the mixture through a filter to remove the solid particles
from the fluid components of the mixture.
For instance, if we pass muddy water through a fine filter, we can notice that the mud gets
filtered and the water passes through
Evaporation:
The process of conversion of water into its vapor is called evaporation.
The process of evaporation takes place continuously wherever water is present.
Decantation/ Sedimentation
When the heavier component in the mixture settles when water is added to it, the process is
called sedimentation.
This method is used in separating grains from dust and soil.
Decantation is the process after sedimentation that involves removing the water, along with the
impurities.
Distillation:
Distillation uses boiling to separate mixtures of
liquid solutions. The substances in the mixtures
will have different boiling points, the temperature
that it takes for a liquid to boil. For example; water
boils at 100°C but olive oil boils at 300°C.
When the mixture reaches boiling point,
evaporation will occur. The liquid will turn to
vapor (steam).
The vapors travels up to the condensing tube,
cools and condenses back into liquid. It is then
separated into a different container. You are left
with the minerals in the original condensing flask
and pure water in the other flask
Thank You

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