UNFOLDING THE BIOLOGICAL SELF - Are dependent on alleles, which are

alternate versions of a particular

Section 1 gene.
THE PHYSICAL SELF *Each individual carries 23 pairs of
The Physical Self chromosomes, which are threadlike bodies
in the nucleus of the cell and the storage
- Is shaped by biological and unit of genes.
environmental factors.
SEX CHROMOSOMES
- Is surrounded by issues associated
with health, hygiene, nutrition, and - Also known as the 23rd pair.
standards of beauty, among others. - It determines the sex of an
individual.
HEREDITY
XX Combination
- Is defined as the transmission of
traits from parents to offspring. - Indicates a female.

*The traits are made up of specific XY Combination

information embedded within one’s gene, - Indicates a male.
the basic unit of heredity.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
GENOTYPE & PHENOTYPE
- Which is a nucleic acid that contains
- The manifestation of particular traits the genetic instructions specifying
can be attributed to these two the biological development of every
concepts. individual.
GENOTYPE - Is considered the blueprint of like;
- Refers to the specific information thus, two individuals have the same
embedded within one’s genes; not DNA.
all genotypes translate to an MATURATION
observed physical characteristics.
- Is known as the completion of
- Can be determined through blood growth of a genetic character within
testing. an organism or the unfolding of an
PHENOTYPE individual’s inherent traits or
potential.
- Is the physical expression of a
particular trait. - Enables people to walk, run, and
talk.
- Can be directly observed.
- It also results in physical changes
DOMINANT AND RECESSIVE GENES that are evident in the adolescent
stage.
 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONING CONTEMPORARY MEDIA

FAMILY - has portrayed slim bodies as the

ideal body type for women and
- First social group muscular bodies for men.
- Forms a crucial foundation of your Thus, adolescents indulge in activities that
development, including that of your would enable them to achieve these ideal
physical self. body types. For some, these activities
- Is also primarily responsible for how involve having a healthy lifestyle, eating the
you take care of your body. right food, and engaging in sports. However,
some adolescents may resort to unhealthy
*Nutrition and sustenance was initially habits just to achieve the ideal body type.
established by what was cooked in the
home. Thus, your food intake and diet is There has been a steady rise of teenagers
often determined by the meals you were who have eating disorders, including:
served. Aside from food, practices on ● bulimia and
hygiene were first transmitted by your ● anorexia nervosa.
parents.
This phenomenon could be attributed to the
As time goes on, you begin to take note of
obsession of being thin, and may also be
your height, weight, facial features, and
triggered by family, peers, and significant
other physical characteristics in comparison
role models. Majority of the victims have
to your peers, especially during
been identified as females, but a significant
adolescence.
number are still represented by males.
As a result, you may begin engaging in acts Aside from eating problems, a substantial
that would make you attractive and number have been resorting to cosmetic
acceptable to others. surgery to alter certain facial or body
features, even among adolescents. While
● For some girls, these include medical professional do not forbid such
choosing the right outfit, wearing the practices, there have been extreme cases
right make-up, and acting more of these procedures causing negative
feminine. life-altering consequences. It is important to
remember that physical beauty is only skin
● On the other hand, boys may begin
deep; what matters is feeling good about
to have facial hair, learn how to
oneself and embracing a healthy perception
shave, go to the gym, and do other
of one’s physical worth.
similar activities.
Achieving Physical Well-being
PERSON’S BODY TYPE

- Is one aspect of beauty. Below are some tips in taking care of

yourself and your body:
1.) Healthy eating. *As one's family grows, his or her
siblings become his or her first friends
You need to eat the right amount and and playmates.
combination of food to ensure your health
and sustenance. Following a healthy diet Relationships with siblings harness one’s
result in healthy skin, ideal weight, and socialization skills, particularly in play
better stamina. moments and quarrels which help shape
one's conflict resolution skills that he or she
2.) Embracing a healthy lifestyle. can carry throughout his or her life. These
consistent family experiences are crucial in
Avoid drinking, smoking, and doing other shaping one's social self.
unhealthy habits to reduce the risk of illness
and diseases and to make your immune SCHOOLS AND THE GENERAL
system stronger. Physical activities such as ACADEMIC ENVIRONMENT
walking, running, going to the gym, and
engaging in sports also contribute to a - form a significant part of the social self as
healthier body. one gets exposed to more people in
different social learning environments.
3.) Maintaining proper hygiene. One's knowledge of the world is shaped by
collaborative learning conditions, which is
Taking care of your body by consistently being exposed to the insights of his or her
following a hygiene regimen can also help learning peers.
you feel good about yourself.
CULTURE
4.) Being confident.
- According to Edward Tylor (1871), "culture
Self-confidence is your best make-up and is the complex whole which includes
results in an optimal physical well-being. Be knowledge, belief, law, art, moral, custom
secure in yourself, embrace a positive and other capabilities and habits acquired
outlook toward various situations and by man as a member of society” .
problems, and love and accept who you are.
*Based on this definition, one can conclude
- UNFOLDING THE SOCIAL SELF - that culture has a great impact on a human
being, and this is manifested in his or her
PARENTS
thoughts, behaviors, and expression.
- are the first teachers, from a very early
*A dominant characteristic of culture is that
age, it is from them that one creates initial
it is socially transmitted and learned by
impressions of the world beyond his or her
groups of people, bound by ethnicity,
home, and the first barometer in
geography, and personal orientations.
determining which acts are good and
rewarded and those that are unacceptable,
for which one will be punished.
 BIO ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM THEORY

Bioecological Systems of Development

- explains an individual's social

development, using biological,
environmental, and economical lenses.

Microsystem

- refers to the institutions and social groups

that the individual has direct contact and INDIVIDUALISM
interactions with.
- an orientation focuses on one's individual
attributes and personal distinctiveness.
Mesosystem
COLLECTIVISM
- refers to the interconnections among
aspects of the microsystem affecting the - collectivist orientation values relationships
individual. and harmony.

Exosystem THE PHILIPPINE SOCIETY

- refers to the social setting that an - is traditionally perceived to be a collectivist

individual has no direct interaction with but one because of the idea that Asian nations
nevertheless affects his or her development. adhere to a collectivist mindset.

Macrosystem *. In the context of collectivism, collective

interest are prioritized over personal ones
- this system encompasses the larger and the functionality of relationships is
cultural context in which the individual maintained through practices that would
resides in. benefits everyone.

INDIVIDUALISM - COLLECTIVISM *Notions of individualism and collectivism

THEORY show how these is directly influenced by the
society and its standards.
Another model that highlights the impact of
I VS ME
culture to the self is the
Individualism-Collectivism model proposed One's behavior when he or she is alone
by Hazel Rose Markus and Shinobu differs from his or her behavior when he
Kitayama (1991). or she with others.

Herbert Mead, posited that the self is

divided into two parts :

I - which is known as the "unsocialized self"

ME - which is known as the "socialized self"

*Based on the Mead model , the state of the MANAGING RESPONSIBLE ONLINE
actually self is achieved when the I and Me BEHAVIOR
become congruent.
It is important to regulate online behavior.
THE SOCIO DIGITAL SELF Some ways on how to responsibly behave
online:
SOCIAL MEDIA
● Do not post or send anything that
- is defined as the websites and will embarrass you.
applications that make it easier to
create and share information, ideas ● Avoid posting statements when
and interest. experiencing strong emotions

- Through the use of social media, ● Do not hang out with the "wrong
people may act differently since crowd" online
interaction in social media does not
happen face to face and there is no ● Be careful with oversharing,
physical presence required. This is especially confidential
called online disembodiment. information that may be used
irresponsibly.
ROLE IDENTITIES
● Respect other people in the online
- these are the characters and roles community.
an individual creates as a member of
a particular social group. Following
this definition, the "self" is composed
THE MATERIAL/ECONOMIC SELF
of identities ranked by importance.

- The importance of one's particular ● People are likely to purchase

role identity influences the products that can relate to their
behavioral choices an individual personality.
makes in a given situation.
● Material possessions signify some
ONLINE DISINHIBITION aspects of sense of self and identity.

- When people adopt fake identities, ● One's sense of self and identity is
they are likely to engage in influential on how an individual
behaviors that they would not do in chooses to purchase his or her
real life interactions. wants and how he or she makes
economic decisions that will address
There are two main Categories of behavior his or her personal and social needs.
that fall under the online disinhibition effect,
these are: ● People sometimes purchase items
to build how they want to be
● benign disinhibition and perceived by others.
● toxic disinhibition.
In the process of acquiring material goods, - - It is an umbrella term to cover all
people generally consider two things: “higher-order” thinking processes.

● utility and ● When one is presented with options,

● Significance he/she analyzes which among them is the
best choice, pursue it, and anticipate the
UTILITY consequences that come along with.

- is concerned with how things serve a ● The study of how individuals think and
practical purpose. arrive at choices and decisions is relevant
across several points of human
SIGNIFICANCE development.
- is concerned with the meaning ● When one is able to understand how
assigned to the object. he/she and other people think, he/she
achieves greater understanding of himself
- It is also concerned with how objects
or herself and of others.
become powerful symbols or icons
of habit and ritual which can be quite MEMORY - is like a computer system where
separate from their primary function. the process of Encoding, Storing and
Retrieving information happen continuously.
- UNFOLDING THE MENTAL SELF -
MEMORY FUNCTIONS IN THREE (3)
*People are born with innate capabilities LEVELS:
that empower them to manage themselves
in various settings and situations. Sensory Memory - is the level that allow
information from the external environment to
*As one grows older, he/she begins to be receive buy an individual through
observe the environment, analyze senses.
information, make choices, and behave
appropriately according to what the situation Short-term Memory - is the capacity to
warrants. store a small amount of information in the
mind and keep it readily available for a short
COGNITION period of time.

- Is a crucial part of an individual’s Long-term Memory - Information stored in

development process which influences a long-term memory is often permanent and
behavior, just as how behavior also impacts allows for repeated retrieval approach
it. situation.

- Is defined as the complex array of mental INTELLIGENCE

processes involved in remembering,
- Intelligence is often defined as our
perceiving, thinking, and how these
intellectual potential; something we are born
processes are employed (Ashcraft &
with, something that can be measured, and
Radvansky, 2010).
a capacity that is difficult to change.
- The concept of multiple intelligences is a Intrapersonal Intelligence
theory proposed by Harvard psychologist
Howard Gardner. - Individuals who are strong in intrapersonal
intelligence are good at being aware of their
- In recent years, however, other views of own emotional states, feelings, and
intelligence have emerged, including motivations.
Gardner's suggestion that multiple different
types of intelligence may exist. Naturalistic Intelligence

Visual-Spatial Intelligence - naturalistic is the most recent addition to

Gardner’s theory and has been met with
- People who are strong in visual-spatial more resistance than his original seven
intelligence are good at visualizing things. intelligences.

Linguistic Verbal Intelligence HUMAN LEARNING

- People who are strong in linguistic-verbal Learning

intelligence are able to use words well, both
when writing and speaking. - is a natural consequence of these
mechanisms.
Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
- is defined as a permanent change in
- People who are strong in a person's knowledge or behavior as
logical-mathematical intelligence are good a result of experience.
at reasoning, recognizing patterns, and
logically analyzing problems. This definition connotes three things:

Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence ● The Change is long-term

- Those who have high bodily-kinesthetic ● The source of change comes from within
intelligence are said to be good at body the external structures of memory or
movement, performing actions, and physical knowledge of the individual
control. ● Third, the change is attributed to the
Musical Intelligence personal experiences of the learner in his or
her environment. Third, the change is
- People who have strong musical attributed to the personal experiences of the
intelligence are good at thinking in patterns, learner in his or her environment.
rhythms, and sounds.
SELF-EFFICACY
Interpersonal Intelligence
- is defined as the extent to which people
- Those who have strong interpersonal believe that they can confidently learn and
intelligence are good at understanding and master a particular skill. Thus, self efficacy
interacting with other people. is a crucial factor in one's learning process.
According to Albert Bandura, Self-efficacy The two (2) strategies in learning:
can be developed through the following:
Deep Learning
● Mastery Experience
- Is the deeper understanding of
- Accomplishing simple tasks that information by creating significant
lead to more complex tasks. meaningful links across different concepts
and how can it be applied in practical ways.
● Social Modeling
Surface Learning
- Observing an identifiable model
who accomplishes the task. - Students simply accept information
presented to them and memorize them in an
● Improving physical and emotional isolated and unlinked manner.
states
To adopt deep learning strategies,
- Being relaxed and calm before students can engage in the following
pursuing a challenging task. habits:
● Verbal Persuasion ● Taking down notes
- Providing encouragement and ● Asking questions during class
feedback during the accomplishment of a
challenging task. ● Creative cognitive maps

HUMAN AGENCY ● Engaging in collaborative learning

activities with mentors and peers
● People influence their own environments
by their characteristics and behavior; people ● Going beyond the mandatory course
influence other people; and they influence requirements.
social groups in attaining benefits that can
be experienced by many. UNFOLDING THE EMOTIONAL SELF

● Thus, in the learning process, students EMOTIONS

are equally accountable for their - serve as a driving force in how one
performance as much as their teachers. acts and behaves. It plays an
● In the entirety of the general learning important part in making decisions,
process, students become in touch with embracing certain lifestyles, and
their own learning process. relating to others.

● Therefore, it is in this perspective that - are the lower level responses

students are considered agents of their own occurring in the brain, which create
learning, and they are expected to invest in biochemical reactions in the body,
their own learning process. and consequently cause changes in
one’s physical state. (Hamton,2015).
Emotional experiences have three Emotional intelligence
components:
- is an array of non-cognitive abilities,
● a subjective experience competencies, and skills that
influence one’s ability to succeed in
● a physiological response and coping with environmental demands
● a behavioral or expressive and pressures.
response. - It is an aggregate result of both
FEELINGS innate individual characteristics and
skills people acquire and develop
- arise from an emotional experience. throughout their lifetime.

- Because a person is conscious of the Emotional Perception

experience, this is classified in the same
category as hunger or pain. - refers to the capacities and abilities of
recognizing and identifying emotions in
- is the result of an emotion and may be others, in addition to biological and
physiological responses are the body's physiological processes involved.
automatic reactions to a stimulus influenced
by memories, beliefs and other factors. Emotional Expression

*Subjective experiences can range from - is a behavior that communicates an

something as simple as seeing a color to emotional state or attitude.
something as major as losing a loved one or - It can be verbal or nonverbal, and can
getting married. No matter how intense the occur with or without self-awareness.
experience is, it can provoke many
emotions in a single individual and the Emotional facilitation is the ability of
emotions each individual feels may be emotions to help thinking in three ways;
different.
1. by signaling important environmental
The behavioral response aspect of the changes,
emotional response is the actual
expression of the emotion. 2. Changing mood helps individuals to see a
situation in several different ways.
Behavioral responses can include:
3. Thirdly facilitation assists different types
- a smile, a grimace, a laugh or a sigh, of reasoning (Mayer & Salovey, 2003)
along with many other reactions depending
on societal norms and personality. Emotion Understanding

Physiological responses - may be defined as the child's

understanding of the nature, causes, and
- are the body's automatic reactions to a control/regulation of emotion, or as the way
stimulus. in which the child identifies, predicts, and
explains emotion in him/herself and others
(Harris, 2008).
 UNFOLDING THE SPIRITUAL SELF other relationships and the meaning of one's
own life (Sinnott, 2002).
The concept of the "whole person" is usually
associated to the idea of human beings as - the "personal and private beliefs that
having physical and psychological aspects. transcend the material aspects of life and
give a deep sense of wholeness,
The Physical Domain connectedness, and openness to the
- covers the biological aspects of human infinite."
development, including growth, maturation, - embraces connections with oneself, with
and other bodily changes. others, and with a higher being.
The Psychological Aspect Spiritual Self
- covers aspects of development focusing - is an ongoing, personal life journey,
on consciousness and attributes that are not contextualized by the belief in a higher
directly observable but manifested in being, culture, relationships, nature, and the
behavior. discovery of meaning in one‘s life.
there is a third aspect of being human What do these definition have in
that is as important as the two common with regard to spirituality?
precedents:
1. Spirituality talks about meaning and
● the spiritual aspect of the self. purpose that go beyond the physical
Spirituality realities of life.

- has been widely studied by a number of 2. Spirituality focused on a person's

researchers and academics across several connections to different aspects of his or her
disciplines but remains to be elusive in existence: to other people, to nature, and to
terms of having a standard definition. sacredness and divinity.

- It is the aspect of the self that is 3. Spirituality talks about the sacred and
associated to an individual's process of transcendent.
seeking and expressing meaning and how Spirituality
he or she is connected to the self, to others,
to the moment and to everything else that - is a natural part of one's developmental
composes his or her environment, including process.
the sacred and significant.
- Its biological influence is rooted in law it is
- is that it is any experience that is thought initially based on the awareness of what
to bring the experiencer in contact with the happens in the environment.
divine; it is not just any experience that feels
meaningful (Beauregard & O'Leary, 2007). - It is something acquired as a result of
various personal, social, and environmental
- It is also posited as the individual's factors present throughout one's lifetime.
personal relation to the sacred or
transcendent, a relation that then informs
*In this regard, spirituality is related to ● THE NEED FOR SPIRITUAL
religiosity, which is often used QUEST,
interchangeably with the former. There are,
however, distinct differences between the ● ECUMENCIAL WORLDVIEWS,
two. COMPASSION,

Religiosity ● SERVICE, AND

- is defined as the "adherence to a belief ● INNER PEACE.

system and practices associated with a RELIGIOSITY
tradition in which there is agreement about
what is believed and practiced." - Communal

- It is a formal attachment to the set of - BELIEFS AND PRACTICES ARE

beliefs, values, and practices of a particular WITHIN RELIGIOUS GROUPS,
religious sect. AND RELIGIOUS COMMITMENT,
CONSERVATISM, AND
- It includes specific practices, proscriptions SKEPTICISM ARE MANIFESTED.
(what should not be done and avoided), and
participation in a specific community that WHAT DOES SPIRITUALITY BRINGS TO
shares the same beliefs and practices. ONE’S LIFE?

Religiosity can be the starting point of For many people, the search for sacredness
spirituality. and transcendence can bring positive
consequences to life. A spiritual person
Practices like going to church and finds contentment and serenity in his/her life
participating in religious events that are circumstances. Through spirituality,
influence by parents. questions such as “am I a good person?”
Aside from parents there are school that are and “how can I live my life to the fullest?”
founded by religion. Even the media are answered. Most importantly, spirituality
extends its influence to the watching public allows one to become resilient amidst
through programs that highlights morals, challenges and roadblocks that occur in
values and religious views which in turn daily life.
shape in one’s character. HOW IS SPIRITUALITY ENHANCED?
There are distinctions between ● For Parents
religiosity and spirituality:
- fostering quality parent-child
SPIRITUALITY relationships have a
- Individual significant positive influence
on one's spiritual orientation.
- Attributes includes
● For Schools
-
- introducing programs and
interventions which include
 retreats, recollections, Affinity with nature
seminars and worship.
- can be defined as “the ties that bind
CONNECTIONS WITH NATURE people and nature together.”

The spiritual self is not only fine in one's - It can also mean nature
connection with a higher being and other connectedness, defined as “the
people; it is also related to how people extent to which individuals include
relate to nature. nature as part of their identity.”

For Christians, for instance, it is stated in *If people feel they are one with nature, then
the Bible, "we are appointed as keywords of destroying it can mean self -destruction and
God's creation" and this implies one's vice versa. An individual with a strong level
responsibility to take care of nature and the of affinity with nature feels that his identity is
world, in general, Although this comes from tied to his natural environment, genuinely
the context of Christianity, the idea that the cares for his environment, and commits to
Bible passage carries is very relevant to taking care of it. This is also linked to pro
how an individual should be conscious of environmental human actions, which refer to
nature regardless of his or her religious behaviors manifested in caring and
belief. In fact, during pre colonial times, our protecting one’s surroundings.
ancestors practice animism that venerated
animals, trees, bodies of water, and land. Ecopsychology
They offered prayers and respected nature - shares many similarities with affinity
because they believe that damaging the with nature.
environment would hunger the Gods and
result in dire consequences and their daily - It is concerned with “fundamental
life. Even now, some religious practices in interconnections between humans
other parts of the world practice similar and natural world through a
traditions by avoiding eating certain animals phenomenological and sensorial
that are considered sacred within their link, and integration of practices
religious and cultural beliefs. based on the notion that direct
contact with the natural world has
Religiously aside, a significant number of healing potential.
people have made a serious commitment to
nature by taking care of animals, pledging How can the affinity with nature and the
advocacy for environmental issues, and economy be developed?
practicing daily behaviors that manifest and
growing concern for the world. These are For instance:
embedded in the concepts of affinity with
1. Having pets in the house and inculcating
nature and ecopsychology.
the responsibility of taking care of them can
lead to a love for animals

2. Teaching children the value of recycling,

taking care of gardens, and throwing trash
properly can instill respect for the Well-being and Life satisfaction
environment and a love for nature.
- are interchangeably used but there
3. In schools, certain programs are is a thin line that distinguishes one
embedded within their curricula that provide from the other.
exposure to nature and the environment.
Well-being
*Aside from home and school environments,
print and non-print media play a significant - being intrinsic in nature, is an inner,
role in harnessing an individual's connection personal construct, associate with
to nature, through publications, movies, and self-esteem, and self-understanding.
TV shows devoted to environmental - It is how good one feels about
advocacies. himself/herself.

How are connections with nature Life satisfaction

established and improved? 3 WAYS: - is also intrinsic but in this case, it is
● First, it is not enough that we simply the general attitude towards life.
conform to what society says about - When well-being and life
taking care of the environment; satisfaction are present, happiness naturally
research has shown that personal flow.
standpoints (such as locus of
control, self-construal, spirituality, - can refer to the desire to change
values, identity) have a strong one’s life, satisfaction with the past,
relationship to our affinity with nature satisfaction with the future, and significant
and ecopsychology. other’s views of one’s life (Diener, et al.,
1999).
● Second, there is a need to reconnect
by lessening dependence on - It is also associated with quality of
technology. life

● Lastly, Proper disposal and taking Happiness

care of pets or animals.
- is generally regarded as the
DISCOVERING LIFE MEANING emotional result of life satisfaction.
Happiness can be subjective and
Human Beings temporal while life satisfaction is
- are naturally inclined to assess their more encompassing.
life, reflect on the choice they have How is well-being and life satisfaction
made, evaluate the consequences of achieved?
such choice, and learn lessons from
various experiences. Personal factors

- such as personality (such as

openness to experience and
extraversion), cognition, physical
 health, and vigor have been ● Self-direction and productivity.
associated with well-being and life
satisfaction. ● Making sure their goals and
behaviors are aligned to their core
Environmental conditions values and conscious beliefs of
themselves.
- contribute to individual life
satisfaction.

Socio-economic status POLITICS, CITIZENSHIP, DIGITAL SELF

- home and social environment, POLITICS

interpersonal relationships, and
education also influence one’s - - refers to the actions or activities
well-being and life satisfaction. concerned with achieving and using
power in a nation or society.
*Engaging in forward thinking (enabling - - defined as the ways that power is
forethought and planning) and becoming shared in an organization and the
community oriented are only some of the ways it is affected by personal
things that can be done to enhance the relationships between people who
overall quality of life. However, well-being work together.
and life satisfaction are highly personal and - - As Aristotle stated, "Man is, by
relative. nature, a political animal.".

What are the characteristics of people Politics as imbibed by man implies

who have a high level of well-being and several things:
life satisfaction?
1. Politics is concerned with power
● Effective self-perception.
2. Politics functions based on a particular
● Realistic self-esteem and social economics and cultural context.
self-acceptance.
3. The Political is also personal
● Self-valuation and self-respect.
4. Politics goes hand in hand with the
● Control of behavior. society

● Behavior awareness and regulation. Active citizenship

● True perception of the world. - is anchored on one's cognitive and

behavioral engagement to
● Harboring healthy perceptions of participate in formal and informal
their environment and place within it. political activities to make their
● Sustaining relationships and voices heard.
affection. - is a practice of democracy.
● Manifesting empathy and sharing of - is a social construct.
positive emotions with others.
 - The most important goal of active *Imagine a day without No technology,
citizenship is to instill change and television, no radio, No Computers, no
influence society at large. internet, no cellular phones.

The participation of the youth in nation - How do you think you will cope?
building activities can:
- Can you imagine a day, when you are not
● Enhance their value orientation able to text someone, update your social
media or watch your favorite TV show? Is it
● Fosters integrity, compassion and possible?
the sense of justice.
The internet primarily serves three major
purposes:

The Self 1. Social Interaction

- It is a dynamic construct that is 2. Information and Generation

shaped by external forces and personal
3. Entertainment
factors
Digital Citizenship
Benefits of early exposure to politics and
political system: - Serves the purpose of regulating human
behavior in a highly-technological and digital
* Fosters critical thinking world.
* Advocacy formation Digital Citizenship is anchored on three
general principles:
* Comprehension
* Respecting
* Awareness of social issues
* Educating
The Political Self
* Protecting oneself and others
- It is a result of various personal
and environmental factors that impact the The Concept of the Digital Self
individual
- The digital self is the persona you
Some activities that can shape the youth
use when you’re online
to become effective agents of change

● A time of searching for identity Elements of the Digital Self

● Establishing a core self * Online Behavior

● Upholding active citizenship * Online Voice

● Becoming aware of issues * Online Presentation

persuading society

● Engaging in political discourse

Digital Self
Developing Your Identity with Online - Those freedoms extended to
Content and Social Medias everyone in a digital world

* Facebook * YouTube 8. Digital Health and Wellness

* Twitter * Instagram - Physical and psychological

well-being in a digital technology world
Digital Citizenship
9. Digital Security
- The permeating nature of technology has
also influenced various technological and - Electronic precautions to guarantee
online behaviors people manifest. safety

Within the concept of digital citizenship, THE FUTURE SELF: Our past, present,
there are Nine (9) themes that cover and our future
these behaviors, namely:
TIME PERSPECTIVE THEORY
1. Digital Access
- By Philip Zimbardo (1999)
- Full electronic participation in
society - It explains how people envisions
their experiences
2. Digital Commerce
- This theory explains that people are
- Electronic buying and selling of likely to sort, categorize and analyze
goods their human experiences into past,
present, timeframes, influenced by
3. Digital Communication personal, social, and institutional
factors.
- Electronic exchange of information
THERE ARE FIVE (5) TIME
4. Digital Literacy PERSPECTIVE:

- Process of teaching and learning 1. Present - hedonistic - individuals

technology and the use of technology
- People tend risk takers, driven by
5. Digital Etiquette sensory, concrete factors, and driven
by pleasurable sensations.
- Electronic standards of conduct or
procedure 2. Present - fatalistic - individuals

6. Digital Law - Who feel that their lives are out of

their control and that no matter what
- Electronic responsibility for actions they do, things will not turn out as
and deeds, especially with ethics of what they plan to be.
technology

7. Digital Rights and Responsibilities

3. Past - positive - individuals Future selves revolve around three
ideas:
- Are likely to remain in their comfort
zone, their actions are influenced by - What one might become (ought-to
what has worked in the past. selves)

4. Past - negative - individuals - What one would like to become

(idea selves)
- Are always anchored in the past but
being on the negative side, they tend - What one is afraid to become
to focus on the wrong decisions they (feared selves)
have made in the past and
constantly regret them. 3. Third Premise

5. Future - oriented - individuals - Is that one’s future self is intertwined

with his/her past and present selves.
- Who base their present choices and
actions on long-term consequences. 4. Fourth Premise
They are likely to manifest delay of
gratification and endure negative - Is that the future selves are a
situations if they are likely to see the product of social interactions. How
benefits of doing such. one’s future is foreseen is a product
of social contexts: family, peers,
POSSIBLE SELVES THEORY colleagues, etc.

- Hazel Markus and Paula Nurius 5. Fifth Premise

- It refers to the different - Lies in life transitions that have an

representation of the self derived enabling influence on one’s future
from the past and the future. selves.

- Viewed as positive aspects of the 6. Last Premise

self that contribute to an individual’s
motivations in his/her goals. - Is based on the concepts of proximal
and distal goals. People are more
SIX (6) PHILOSOPHICAL PREMISES motivated to work on goals that are
more immediate that those which
1. First premise of theory are not.

- Is that the possible self is both a *Based on the premises laid above, the
motivational resource and behavioral future self is not a possibility that is out of
blueprint of the self. one’s hand. Having a clear vision of the
future planning and weighing present
2. Second premise options, and making the right choices can
lead to an optimistic future.
- Is that not all future selves are
positive.