Egypt Exploration Society

The Private Tombs of Thebes: Excavations by Sir Robert Mond 1905 and 1906
Author(s): Lydia Collins
Source: The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Vol. 62 (1976), pp. 18-40
Published by: Egypt Exploration Society
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 (I8)

THE PRIVATE TOMBS OF THEBES: EXCAVATIONS

BY SIR ROBERT MOND I905 AND 1906

By LYDIA COLLINS

THE aim of this article is to give an account of the work done on the private tombs of
the Theban necropolis by Sir Robert Mond in I904-5 and 1905-6. No account of
these two seasons has ever been published and this report has been assembled from
a collection of Mond's papers now in the School of Archaeology and Oriental Studies
at Liverpool.
At the beginning of this century, when the Royal Tombs at Thebes were attracting
a good deal of interest and attention, Mond was one of the first to realize the importance
of preserving the private tombs of the necropolis. At that time, most of the tombs that
lay open were unprotected and many had been despoiled or just allowed to fall into
decay; many more lay undiscovered and some that were once known had been for-
gotten and lost again. In 1903 Mond took over the concession previously held by P. E.
Newberry and for four consecutive seasons did much valuable work excavating and
protecting the tombs. He published accounts of the work of the first two seasons in
Annales du Service des Antiquites 5 (I904) and 6 (I905), but the work of the third and
fourth seasons remained unpublished. The fourth season had been brought to a
premature close by the sudden death of Mrs. Mond at Luxor.' The memory of the
excavations would, no doubt, always have been associated with this tragic event and
this may well be one of the reasons why the work was never published. Certainly,
Mond withdrew from active excavation in Egypt for many years. He did not resume
excavations at Thebes on a large scale until I923, although in the intervening years he
continued to lend considerable financial support to the work of others.2 In 1913 he sent
Ernest Mackay to Thebes, but the outbreak of war caused difficulties and the work
was abandoned in I9I6. Mond himself returned to Thebes in I923 where he worked
until I926, employing as his assistants S. Yeivin and W. B. Emery.3
The original field notes from the two unpublished seasons came to light only recently
when they were discovered amongst the papers of the late Professor Emery. They
probably came into Emery's possession when he was employed by Mond in the I920S:
Mond sent him out to Egypt when he resumed his excavations at Thebes and Emery
acted as director for two seasons. The two of them even planned to write a book on the
Mond excavations there, but it unfortunately never materialized. The notes, however,

I Helena Edith Mond (nee Levis), d. December 28, 1905.

2 In particular the work of Gardiner and Weigall on the Topographical Catalogue of the Private Tombs of
Thebes, published in 1913. He also paid the cost of the building of the large enclosure wall at Sheikh Abd el-
Gurneh.
3 Reports of the work of these seasons appeared in LAAA 13 (1926); 14 (1927); i6 (I929).

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 THE PRIVATE TOMBS OF THEBES I9

remained in Emery's possession and after his death were found in his house at Dulwich.
As Mond had for many years been associated with the Liverpool Institute of Archaeo-
logy, Professor H. S. Smith and Dr. G. T. Martin of University College, London,
kindly handed them over to the School of Archaeology, Liverpool (successor of the
old Institute).
The notes consist of a very brief general account of the work done, lists of finds from
the individual tombs but no drawings or photographs of the objects,4 a large number
of notes of inscriptions from both tomb walls and objects, and a few plans and photo-
graphs. Inevitably, there are gaps where some of the notes are missing, but when one
remembers that they have been lying about for almost seventy years, the account which
emerges is remarkably complete and it seems miraculous that so much has been pre-
served. The notes have had to be brought up to date in several respects: tomb numbers
have been inserted; the funerary cones, numbered by Mond according to Daressy's
catalogue,5 are here numbered according to the more recent and comprehensive
catalogue by Davies and Macadam ;6 and those plans and inscriptions which have since
been published elsewhere have been omitted to avoid needless repetition. The present
whereabouts of the objects, with few exceptions, is not known. In all probability, some
went to the Cairo Museum and the rest to Mond since he financed the excavation.
Some would have remained in his own collection, but no doubt many were given away
to museums and private collectors.
I would like to record my thanks to Professor Fairman for first suggesting that I make
this the subject of an article and for permission to publish, and to Dr. K. A. Kitchen,
who has autographed the inscriptions, for his constant help and guidance without which
this article would never have seen the light of day.

The Excavations

The work, all done at Sheikh Abd el-Gurneh, was almost entirely confined to three
localities: (I) the group of tombs around the courtyard of Neferhotep (No. 50); (2) the
tomb of Thay (No. 23), and the areas to the south and north-west of it; and (3) the
area in the vicinity of the tomb of Hepusonb (No. 67). The remainder of the work
was done on individual tombs scattered over a wide area to the west of the court of
Neferhotep (No. 50), and will be described in a fourth section (fig. 68).

(1) The group of tombs around the courtyard of Neferhotep (No. 50) (pl. VII and fig. 69).
The work was begun by clearing out the courtyard of Neferhotep, in which the tomb
of Userhet (No. 5I) had been found in the previous year. The centre of the courtyard
was filled with debris to a height of about 20 ft. On removing this debris, the remains
of a well-built mud-brick house were discovered, the walls of which were standing to

4 It appears from the notes that photographs and drawings of some of the objects were made, but they have
since disappeared.
5 Daressy, Recueil de Cones Funeraires (Paris, I893).
6 Davies and Macadam, Corpus of Inscribed Egyptian Funerary Cones (Oxford, 1957). Hereinafter referred
to as DMC.

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 SHEIKH ABD EL GURNEH 1905-6

AFTER PORTER AND MOSS

UNDERLINING INDICATES APPROXIMATE POSITION

FIG. 68

PIT 50 YARDS BELOW NAKHT

PLAN AND SECTION AFTER MOND
NOT TO SCALE

1 I TOMB
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FIG. 70

FIG. 69 FIG. 70
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32 LYDIA COLLINS

a height of 4 or 5 ft. It may have belonged to a guardian of the tombs, but it was not
possible to determine its date.

NEFERHOTEP (No. 50)

The tomb was cleared and in it was found an inclined passage leading to some
destroyed pits in the courtyard. In these pits a number of objects were found, including
a stela of Neferhotep and several hundred fragments of sculpture from the tomb of
Neferhotep, but there is no mention in the surviving notes of objects having been
found in the tomb itself. The fallen walls of the tomb were rebuilt about 6 in. back
from the original surface and the pits, the ceilings of which were broken in, were filled
up again after their contents had been removed. Further restoration work was done on
the tomb in 1925.7 The following objects were found in the pits:
Sandstone stela of Neferhotep. 7 ft. high, 5 ft. wide, 5 in. thick. Lower registers copied, but note of
inscription very fragmentary: gives title and name, God's Father of Amun, Neferhotep, followed
by a few phrases of his speech. Possibly Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. I. I2 (I960), p. 96 (5). Terra-
cotta shabti, painted white, writing black on yellow. Belonging to Puni E, no title. Usual formula.
Wooden shabti of Mty-Re< ®' . 26 cm. high. Usual formula and spell. Shabti, mother of emerald,
gilt hieroglyphs. Inscribed on both sides: on front, beginning of htp-di-nsw formula to Osiris; on
back, [First?] Prophet of Amin, Pa. .... (name lost). 7 blue-glaze shabtis. 15 cm. high. One
bearing the name Pare-em-hab, Scribe of Funerary (?) Workshop/Offerings (fig. i), and two others
bearing spelling variants of the same name but no title. A further shabti bears the name Rec-em-hab
and is described as a lady. There is no record in the notes of the other three shabtis. Blue-glaze
shabti, belonging to the Lady of the House, Chantress of Amiin, Ta-mi(t).8 It is not clear from the
notes whether this is one of the three unrecorded shabtis in the above group, or whether it is a sepa-
rate eighth shabti. White-glaze shabti(s), belonging to the Lady of the House, Ta- ?rac A^ ( ?)
and to the Overseer of the Cattle of Amen-Rec, name illegible. It is not clear whether there are two
separate shabtis or whether both inscriptions appear on the same shabti.

A stela of the Goldworker of Amen-Re<, Mahu (fig. 2) held by a fragment of a small

kneeling statue was found in the courtyard, and also a cone of Neferhotep (DMC no.
30I).
A small chamber was discovered to the right of the tomb of Neferhotep and in it was
found a fragment of an Eighteenth-Dynasty cartonnage.

UNINSCRIBED TOMB

A tomb without inscriptions or objects was found to the left of the tomb of Nefer-
hotep in the south-west corner of the courtyard.9

KHENSMOSE (No. 30)

On the north-west side of the courtyard of Neferhotep, the brick vaulted arch which

7 R. Mond and W. B. Emery, 'Excavations at Sheikh Abd el-Gurneh 1925-26', in LAAA I4 (1927), 26-8.
8 Cf. Ranke, PN (935) Vol. I, 357, no. 5.
9 Described by Mond as being in the south-east coer of the courtyard. He was probably using Nile
north for his orientations. All directions are given here according to magnetic north.

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 PLATE VII

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Courtyard of Neferhotep (No. 50)

I. Looking north. Left, Khensmose (No. 30), under arch; right, Userhet (No. 51)
2. Looking west. Centre left, Neferhotep (No. 50), extreme right, Khensmose (No. 30)

THE PRIVATE TOMBS OF THEBES

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 THE PRIVATE TOMBS OF THEBES 33

leads to the tomb of Khensmose was discovered and carefully repaired. The tomb
itself was excavated and the following found:
Black diorite heart scarab set in silver. Black diorite statue of a bird. Wooden shabti, painted white.
I8j cm. high. Belonging to God's Father of Amiin, Kha-em-was, with beginning of spell. Double
coffin with inscription on inner case, belonging to the Lady of the House, Chantress of Amiin,
Nesmut. Late Period. Found in pit at foot of stairs. Sandstone coffin. 42 cm. high. No record of
inscription. It is uncertain from the notes whether this too was found in the pit at the foot of the
stairs and contained the double coffin, or whether it was in a different part of the tomb.

USERHET (No. 51)

This tomb had been discovered and cleared in I904.10 A retaining wall 10 ft. high
was now built outside the tomb, and the following were found in the courtyard:
Stela of Userhet. Published by Davies.I" Shabti, name illegible, with usual spell. Scarab with
random hieroglyphs.

AMENWAHSU (No. I I I)
This tomb, which stands to the right of the tomb of Userhet, was found and some of
the inscriptions copied. These are as yet unpublished, but are not given here as they
will appear in Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions, vol. III. The tomb itself was excavated
and repaired by Mackay in i9I3.12 A fragment of a granite stela was found outside the
tomb in the courtyard. In front of the tomb there was a mummy pit in which there
were no objects.

KHONS (No. 31)

To the back of the tomb of Khensmose a way was found into the tomb of Khons.
Mond had entered the tomb in 1904 but had done nothing then.13 The tomb was now
cleared as far as the north end of the passage and a brick inscribed with the throne
name of Akhenaten was found. The complete excavation of the tomb was carried out
in I925.I4

PIT BELOW THE TOMB OF NAKHT (No. 52) (fig. 70)

It is not clear where exactly this pit was situated, but it was somewhere about
50 yds. south-east of the tomb of Nakht (No. 52).15 The pit was excavated and the
following found:
Sandstone statue of Nen-dju-ref, Royal Page (hrd n kip) with praise of the sun (fig. 3). Wooden
painted stela. Lady on the right adoring Osiris supported by Isis and Nephthys, and inscription of
a few words only. 34 cones (DMC no. 18).

10 R. Mond, 'Report of work in the necropolis of Thebes during the Winter of 1903-I904' in ASAE 6
(I905), 69-71.
" N. de G. Davies, Two Ramesside Tombs at Thebes (New York, 1927), pl. i9 [6], pp. 3, 28-9.
12 E. Mackay, 'Report of excavations and other work carried out in the necropolis of Thebes for the Depart-
ment of Antiquities by Robert Mond during the year beginning on March 9th 1913 in ASAE 14 (1914), 91.
'3 R. Mond in ASAE 6 (1905), 71. '4 R. Mond and W. B. Emery in LAAA 14 (I927), 30.
I5 It is stated in the notes to be 50 yds. due east of the tomb of Nakht but this would probably be Nile east
see note 9, p. 32).
4482075 D

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34 LYDIA COLLINS

(2) The tomb of Thay No. 23 and surrounding area

THAY (No. 23)
This tomb was entered by way of the tomb of m Nefersekheru (No. 07), and the tomb
and courtyard were then examined and cleared. The following were found in the tomb:
Granite sarcophagus belonging to Thay. 3 m. x i m., sides 7 cm. thick, top 20 cm. thick. Griffith
Institute Archives, photo. I2o8A. Found in the funeral pit in the mummy chamber and brought up
and placed in tomb proper. Cone (DMC no. 222). Cone (DMC no. 556). Square cone of Userhet,
Steward of the Estate, son of...... u and the Lady Su...... (fig. 7). Blue-glaze shabti of [?the
son of] the Third Prophet of Am-un, Chief Lector Priest, Pedi-amen-neb-nest-tawy. Usual for-
mula. Small fragment of stela with unidentifiable inscription. A fragment of a stela was found in
a side chamber in the tomb (it is not clear from the notes whether the tomb in question was that of
Thay or Harsiesi) belonging to Hepet-djefa, Chantress of Amiin (fig. 5).

The following objects were found in the courtyard:

2 coffins. No record of inscriptions. Stela held by a kneeling figure (fig. 4). Fragment of limestone
stela of 'Ankh-m-dif-m-Iunu (fig. 8). Fragment of white marble canopic jar of the Lady of the
House, Tjepu. Lower half of wooden shabti of Wenamun. No title. Brick with 'cartouche' [con-
taining vineyard stamp] (fig. 6). z cones (DMC no. 6). Cones (DMC no. 82). i8 cones (DMC no.
I09). 136 cones, painted yellow (DMC no. II7). 7 cones (DMC no. 132). Cones (DMC no. 173).
19 cones (DMC no. I80). 30 cones (DMC no. 222). i cone (possibly DMC no. 292) (fig. 9). 3
cones (DMC no. 357). Cone from behind brick wall in court (DMC no. 362). Cones (DMC no.
406). 12 cones (identified by Mond as Daressy no. I7I. Probably DMC no. 438). I cones (DMC
no. 458). 17 cones (identified by Mond as Daressy no. 219. Probably DMC no. 5II). Cones (DMC
no. 526). Cones (DMC no. 556). 2 cones (DMC no. 562).

A Sa-sign amulet bearing the inscription: Osiris, Royal Scribe of Correspondence of

the Lord of the Two Lands, Thay, justified, was found in the debris near the tomb.
Those inscriptions copied from the walls of the tomb and courtyard that are as yet
unpublished are not given here as they will appear in Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions,
vol. IV. In the debris east of Thay's tomb a box was found containing three mummies,
one of which bore a seal made into a ring with a piece of string. South of Thay's tomb,
a large amount of debris was cleared away in a southerly direction, re-establishing the
old ground level, and in the debris eleven Late-Period coffins were discovered. One
of these was inscribed down the front with the name of Mer-sheri, son of Djedamen-
hotep (fig. io). No record of the other ten can be found in the notes. In a large mound
south of the tomb a coffin with an inscription down the centre (fig. i ) was found.
Mond states that the owner of the coffin was Nefermut, but there is nothing in the
inscription to corroborate this. It contained the mummy of a small man on which
there were no objects. Several tombs were found in the rock south of Thay's tomb, the
best preserved being that of Amenemheb (No. 44).

HARSIESI, Prophet of Amfin and Monthu (no number)

This tomb was situated to the south of Thay's tomb, but its exact position is not
indicated in the notes. A stela of Harsiesi was found in the tomb (fig. 12), and in the
court a blue-glaze ring bearing on the bezel the throne name of Horemheb.

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 THE PRIVATE TOMBS OF THEBES 35

KYNEBU (No. 113)

This small decorated tomb, high up south of that of Thay, was found in a destroyed
condition. The inscriptions over and to the right of the door were copied and will
appear in Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions, vol. VI.

AMENEMHEB (No. 44)

The inscriptions were copied from the east half of the south wall of the broad hall
(figs. 15, I6 (line II), I7). The wall has been partially destroyed since the copies were
made.16 The inscriptions were also copied from the west half of the south wall (figs. 20
and 25) and from the west half of the north wall (figs. i8 and I9); and an inscription
from the east wall of the inner room was copied (fig. 2ib). I am indebted to Dr. Kitchen
for collating the Mond copies with his own photographs and hand copies from the
tomb made in 1970 and for adding supplementary texts (figs. 13, 14, i6 (I-Io), (12),
2Ia, 22, 23, 24).
A cone bearing two impressions (DMC nos. 308 and 340) may have been found in
the tomb, but there is some doubt in the notes about the provenance.

UNFINISHED TOMB

The remains of this tomb were discovered below the tomb of Amenemheb. It was
unfinished and gave the impression that work on it had been suddenly interrupted.
After its discovery it was filled in again. To the east of this tomb, there was a brick
wall in which a cone (DMC no. 609) was found.

TOMB TO RIGHT OF ?AMENOPET/AMENEMHEB

It is not clear where this tomb was situated. It was first described as being to the
right of Amenopet and this was later altered to Amenemheb. In it were found:
Painted Osiris figure of Pediamen(neb)nesttawy. Twenty-Second Dynasty. Inscription down front
(fig. 26); on foot (fig. 33). Burnt 'stopper cylinder' 6x2 cm. (fig. 27). Cones (DMC no. 311).
Limestone fragment (fig. 28). Foot of blue-glaze shabti (fig. 29).

Some work was done in the courtyard of Paser (No. Io6) and on the tombs of
Khaemopet (No. I05) and Nefersekheru (No. I07) which open on to it. A retaining
wall was built around the courtyard, in which the following objects were found:
Cone (probably DMC no. 6). 2? cone(s) (DMC no. I7I). Cone (DMC no. 556). Fragment of
statuette belonging to Paser, owner of tomb no. io6, with inscription down centre (fig. 30). Roman
oil lamp. Small white shabti box. Twenty-Second Dynasty. On lid drawing of a boat and an
incomplete inscription. Found in pit in front of tomb of Khaemopet.

KHAEMOPET (No. I05)

This tomb was found on the south side of the courtyard of Paser. Some of the
inscriptions from the tomb were copied, and I am grateful to Dr. Kitchen for collating
and supplementing the Mond copies with his own photographs and handcopies
i6 This destruction must have occurred since 1933 as a photograph of it still complete appears in H. H.
Nelson and U. Holscher, Work in Western Thebes I93I-33 (Chicago, I934), fig. 21.

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36 LYDIA COLLINS

(figs. 34-7). A stamped brick was found in the tomb, belonging to Paser, owner of
tomb no. Io6 (fig. 38). Further work was done by Mackay in I913.17

NEFERSEKHERU (No. I07)

All the inscriptions copied have since been published by Helck.'8

INSCRIBED TOMB NORTH OF PASER

It is not clear from the notes exactly where this tomb was situated. The only inscrip-
tion copied from it contains the name Wahsu, father of the scribe Aniy (fig. 32).
An area was excavated about 20 yds. north-west of Paser and a few objects found:
Cone(s) (DMC no. 367). Cone(s) (DMC no. 447). Cone(s) (DMC no. 491). Limestone hieratic
ostracon. No record of inscription. 2 ostraca with red painted inscriptions of which there is no
record. Small fragment of stela. No record of inscription. Left door-jamb of Amenemhet (owner
of tomb no. 53) (fig. 3 ).

(3) The area in the vicinity of the tomb of Hepusonb (No. 67)
HEPUSONB (No. 67)
The courtyard was cleared and the following objects found:
Mutilated head, white limestone with eyebrows painted blue. Over life-size. Thought by Mond
to belong to Hepusonb. 3 cones (DMC no. 2I). 113 cones (DMC no. 5I7).

TOMB No. 227, belonging to the son of Hepu, Lector of Amin

The horizontal strips of inscription on the ceiling were copied (fig. 39). In the debris
above the tomb an ostracon with a town plan and hieratic inscription was found.,9

TOMB OF DJA .... (?), Noble and Man of the Following (no number)
To the north of Hepusonb and on the same level, this small tomb was discovered.
The inscriptions on the ceiling were copied (fig. 40), and also a partially defaced
inscription from the south wall, the lower register of which was destroyed (fig. 41). The
following were found in the tomb:
3 defaced statues. Table of offerings (fig. 42).

PIT NO. I: BURIAL OF RUSA - . (?RU (R ) (fig. 70)

This pit contained a large number of objects. Unfortunately, the notes on it present
difficulties. First, it is not clear where the pit was situated: the evidence is inconsistent
and conflicting. In the field notes it is stated to adjoin the tomb of Imiseba No. 65 and
a plan of the pit shows it to be next to 'Tomb 66'. As Tombs 65 and 66 are close
together this is not impossible. The difficulty arises because in an article written in

'7 E. Mackay in ASAE 14 (I914), 91.

18 H. W. Helck, 'Inhaber und Bauleiter des thebanischen Grabs 107' in MIO 4 (I956), Ii ff.
19 Given to Borchardt for the Berlin Museum.

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 THE PRIVATE TOMBS OF THEBES 37

IgIo,20 Mond states that the pit adjoined and could be entered from the tomb of
Nespaneferhor (No. 68) and this tomb is too far away for the two descriptions to be
reconciled. Tomb 68 may well be a later correction and certainly on the plan the so-
called Tomb 66 which adjoins the pit looks more like Tomb 68, but at this point of time
it is impossible to be sure which is correct.21 Second, the name of the owner of the pit
is not clear. In the notes it is stated to belong to Rusa and in the 1910 article mentioned
above Mond reiterates this, but there seems to be little evidence for this assertion in the
surviving notes of the inscriptions. The name Rusa appears nowhere amongst them:
there is a shabti inscribed with the name Ru, and a canopic jar bearing the name Ruiu,
and it may be that Rusa is a misreading. In no other instance do any of these names
occur although this can hardly be regarded as disproving Mond's statement when one
considers the incomplete state of the notes. The lower half of a coffin was found in the
pit but this bore the name Siamun and it could be intrusive. All that can be said is that
Mond seemed certain of the owner of the pit, but seventy years later we cannot see
the evidence for it. The following were found in the pit:
Lower half of coffin of () Q ' p. 2 shabti boxes, one with wooden shabti of Ru.22 Scarab bear-
ing throne name of Amenophis II. Heart scarab. Oval seal with cartouche. Small linen bag filled
with incense, with mud seal bearing random hieroglyphs. Funeral decoration for wig, made of
layers of cloth.23 Pair of plaited reed rsandals. Pair of leather sandals with reed soles. Pair of
baby's leather sandals. Leather ?uppers, painted red. Border of plaited leather mat. Battle-axe
handle with leather strapping (bronze stolen). 6 plaited coloured reed baskets, one with cover.
3 wooden fan handles. Wooden settee with four lion-headed feet, painted white; in fragments.
2 chair backs. Fragments of hollow circular leather-bound chair legs. Fragment of three-legged
stool. 2 red pots with black decoration.
8 canopic jars. These jars present a problem. In the finds list they are described as red pottery
painted white, with incised hieroglyphs, 6 stoppers with ladies' heads, 2 with mens' heads, belonging
to three people. Amongst the notes are the inscriptions from two canopic jars belonging to Amen-
hotep, described as being from the pit of Rusa, and inscriptions from (?)two jars belonging to Ruiu,
described as being from the pit of Ruiu. There are inscriptions from a further (?)four jars belonging
to an unknown person born of the lady Nub. ..., with no indication where the jars were found.24
Thus there are possibly 8 jars, certainly belonging to 3 people, and they are described here with
the caveat that 6 of them may not in fact belong here. 2 jars of the scribe Amenhotep, with yellow
inscription on black varnished ground (fig. 43). (?)2 jars of Ruiu, daughter of Kay, with blue
inscription on yellow ground (fig. 44). (?)4 jars, belonging to the royal butler Isiu(?), born of the
lady Nub-hir-(?), with blue inscription on yellow ground, last line on right added in black (fig. 45).
Brown faience bottle with seal. Kohl pot and pencil. 11 cm. long. Bound up in cloth. Ball of string.
7 wooden cones with carnelian let into front, possibly used as burnishers. Mummified meal
consisting of i saddle of beef, 3 shoulders of beef, 3 loins of beef, i rib of beef, hoof and jaw of
horse, i goose, 3 pairs of chickens, I pigeon, i quail, i stalk of date palm with dates on it, fruit of
Abyssinian tree and many dompalm nuts.

20 R. Mond, 'An Egyptian funerary cap' in LAAA 3 (I9Io), 137.

21 Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. I. 22 (1964), 676, states that the pit adjoins Tomb 68. This probably follows
Mond's account in LAAA 3. 22 In Cairo Museum, no. 37694.
23 Published by Mond, 'An Egyptian funerary cap' in LAAA 3 (I9I0), I37, with illustration on frontispiece.
24 From the inscription numbers it is clear that they must have been found somewhere in this area.

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 38 LYDIA COLLINS

PIT NO. 2

There is no indication where this pit was situated although it was probably near
Pit No. I. The following objects were found in it:
Coffin of Serniut(?) (fig. 47). Miniature mummy. Mummiform figure of varnished wood with
black inscription to Osiris. Shabti of Sare'mut % T no title. Usual formula. Painted wooden box.
Small and large palette. Terracotta canopic jar with black inscription on yellow ground, belonging
to the scribe Amenhotep (fig. 46). 2 red heads of canopic jars. Large three-handled jar.

PIT NO. 3 (?)

A pit was discovered, south of Imiseba and above it, adjoining the tomb of Hepu
No. 66. It is just possible that this is not a third pit but a further description of the pit
of Rusa. In it were found:

Fragment of granite statue. Foot of late coffin belonging to Iryiryiu, Chantress of the Inner Harim
of Amun (fig. 48).

USER (No. 21)

This tomb was cleared and in it were found:

Painted plaster stela from north wall of outer chamber.25 Shabti boxes of the Lady of the House,
Ta-amiin-paui. 30X 12 cm. Painted white with inscription on lid (fig. 49). Bead net with winged
scarab.

In the courtyard were found:

Mud-brick with stamp of the Count, Hor (inscription identical to that of DMC no. 49I). io large
square bricks with stamps (inscription identical to that of DMlC no. 85). io bricks with reversed
inscription (identical to that of DMC no. 86). Cone (DMC no. 49I).

A shallow pit was found in the courtyard which contained a number of objects:
Granite statue of woman. 4 stelae. No inscriptions recorded.
Several Osiris figurines belonging to (Na)menkhamun and Hetepamun (fig. 50). 8 Twenty-Second
Dynasty coffins. The inscriptions from five of the coffins survive in the notes and four of them form
a family group: Disiese, daughter of Thayanor and the lady Taronebi26 (fig. 51); Pedikhons, Chief
of the Department of the Estate of Amin, son of Hathat and the lady Disiese27 (fig. 52); (Na)menk-
hamiin, Chief of the Department of the Estate of Amin of Opet, son of the lady Disiese (fig. 53);
Djedthutefankh, son of Namenkhamun and the lady Amenirdis. This coffin was probably usurped
as the inscription on the bottom of the inner case belongs to someonee else (figs. 54, 55-6); Ankhi
(?), daughter of Pefthauawybast (fig. 57).

There is no record in the notes of the other 3 coffins, but it is tentatively suggested
that the following coffin, whose existence is known from other sources, may have
formed part of this group.
Coffin of Hetepamiin, parents unknown. This coffin, now in the Liverpool City Museum,28 was
formerly in the Liverpool School of Archaeology and is recorded as having come from one of Mond's

25 N. de G. Davies, Five Theban Tombs (I913), 22 and pl. 20. 3.

26 In Liverpool City Museum, no. 39.4042, formerly in Liverpool School of Archaeology.
27 In Toronto, Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, no. 910o.I. See Porter and Moss, Top. Bibl. I. 22
(1964), 833. My thanks to Dr. M. L. Bierbrier for verifying this. 28 No. 39.4042.

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 THE PRIVATE TOMBS OF THEBES 39

excavations. Since Ijetepamiin was one of the owners of the Osiris figurines (see above) and since
the name is rather an unusual one, it is just possible that the coffin was found here.

Family tree of owners of coffins from pit in court of User (No. 21):
Thayanhor- fTaronebi

Hathat fDisiese

I I
Pedikhons (Na)menkhamin = fAmenirdis

Djedthutefcankh

NEFERRONPET (No. 43)

The wall inscriptions copied from this tomb have since been published by Baud.29
In the courtyard there was a pit I2z70 m. deep in which a large number of objects
were found:

Lower part of coffin of the priest Bakt30 (fig. 58). Cone with unidentifiable inscription (fig. 59).
Shabti box of Ahmose (fig. 60). Limestone obelisk of Siamin, Overseer of the (?) Estate/Seat of the
King. 50 X 15 cm. (fig. 6i). Green glaze scarab inscribed with name of Amen-Rec. Wooden beard
inscribed on back with name and title of the scribe Thenena (cf. owner of Tomb 76?) (fig. 62).
User-sceptre, painted wood inscribed in gilt on back with name and title of the scribe Thenena
(fig. 63). 2 heads of alabaster canopic jars of Thenena. Probably portrait of deceased. Part of gilt
wooden wig. Gold scarab ring. On bezel, reversed S spiral between two nfr-signs, one inverted.
Mud seal inscribed with throne name of Tuthmosis III. Mud seal with illegible inscription. String
with mud seal (fig. 64). Bottle with mud seal. Bed. Wooden rankh, formerly gilt. Small sandal.
Fragment of brown bread. Footstool with reed bottom.

(4) Work in other areas

KHAEMHET (No. 57)
The tomb and courtyard had been cleared in the season of I904,31 and now some
further necessary repairs were carried out.

MAHU (No. C. I2)

This small tomb was situated to the east of that of Khaemhet and was being used as
a stable. An inscription (fig. 65) containing the name of Mahu and his wife (?)Isis was
copied from an unspecified wall.

29 M. Baud, 'Les Dessins ebauches de la necropole thebaine' in MIFAO 63 (I935).

30 This coffin may have been found in a different pit from all the other objects. It is the only object described
as being from 'Pit B' in the court of Neferronpet.
31 R. Mond in ASAE 6 (1905), 66-7.

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40 LYDIA COLLINS

AMENEMHET (No. 123)

The tomb and courtyard were cleared, completing the work of I904.32 In the court-
yard were found:
6 whole and 3 broken conical pendants. Wooden crocodile. Horse's head.

PAIRI (No. 139)

The courtyard was cleared and in it, lying in front of the north door, was found the
sandstone door lintel from the tomb.33

AMENEMHET (No. 53)

A stela of Thauenany (owner of tomb no. I34) was found in front of the tomb.

PIT IN (?) AMENEMHET (No. 53)/AMENEMHEB (No. 44)

It is impossible to know in which of these two tombs the pit was found. The objects
from it appear in the finds list of the tomb of Amenemhet but the inscriptions from the
objects are labelled tomb of Amenemheb. The pit contained a number of burials, and
inscriptions from a late-period coffin (fig. 66) and cartonnage (fig. 67) were recorded.
Some pits about 50 yds. north-east of the house of Skeikh Hasan Abd el-Rasul were
unsuccessfully examined. The house stood near the tomb of Karakhamun (No. 223).
Below Mond's house at Gurneh a mummy pit was discovered, containing two coffins
and four fine Roman vases of which there are no details. (The house Mond built for
himself at Gurneh was later taken over by Davies whose name it now bears.)

32 R. Mond, ASAE 6 (1905), 7I-2.

33 In British Museum, no. 1182. Published by H. R. Hall, Hieroglyphic texts from Egyptian stelae etc. in the
British Museum, Part VII (1925), pl. 7. See also E. A. W. Budge, Guide to the Egyptian Galleries (Sculpture)
(1909), II9.

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PLATE VIIIA

h(V-
1

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00 °P ° < p T-~ c' r C,·C)L·;;3=^^^

rik
es. ~~ ~"^ i 1--2 --

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. r

A STATUETTE OF A DEVOTEE OF SETH

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 PLATE VIII

i. Standing figure 3. From behind

2. Detail of base

A STATUETTE OF A DEVOTEE OF SETH

Courtesy of the Detroit Institute of Arts
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