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Bio Unit Cell Structure and Functions

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Aleena Tauseef
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38 views30 pages

Bio Unit Cell Structure and Functions

Uploaded by

Aleena Tauseef
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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eal Stink Hod Fon functions. — ce Membrane, plasma membrane, __y_chemucally it A— Jonawn_ a ———— y outer mosl boundary of _onimat cell. ¥__Compasition=r protein = _60=80} Oipids—20- -40f. __ carbohyy crates — trace the functioned. _dwersity of cell re due tow proteins Db “ne 5 eacarbohychate Dal! _hydltophilic Guek Gilebulat_protem. . _hydtophobic. TPR. Qipid bilayer ___ os Ee Cee clout. protein, _¢ No flayace ll membranes ccc: 22 unit membrane __ eos A which type of Opis are found : coll_membrone._vphesphodpitr_b)ploingo pict» cco chalertefol _ @)_all_of these - _ | whith part of — dipid w attacheot 2 globulan_protein._ @ hydry oe Jrophslic i, atolema—> Pron (Neuron uy Sacrolema —»y Muscle fiber iw Plasmalena—y Generalized _xNucleic acids are not Pruent in The pleura membrane. — fluid Mosaic Model > os ot the _ prude accepted savadel.. | editing inte Mass mnadiel ++ <4. | cell membrane us __salectively . __and__ differentially pemeable. ~ _—_membyane — ~~ aA the word selectivity _ _ wed fer as dipida a | er carbohycrates — oly _all_ __ ' . ee ually used far f eau bp_proteins .<) eis pal . and ymall__molecules cov ——_——— —- oe tpi _ soluble -__eaily cross _cel_memabrane,——§ — - Large molecules and _cherged particles comnot -___cyoss easily cell membrane. (polar mole ales etc) 4 pansive > Osmosis, v Diffusion, fac dated Af WON SS fL=_— a ort | tl y “Ly active» aX athane , Capita’, protan pump _ ———— tasily__ crossed | moterial through cell membrane? o thagaayjaus+ cleat “eating. > Pinocytosis—» — | cell cell_dainkaing. ' i fmall moleccles ihc Solcdble ee _— ti, protein soluble 4 Non. Polety -__» Cell _membrane__can cond and walter __ v Sugery , Yue Passive Transport = without expendetuye of enevdy- = » high cone—? dow cone. : Diffursion—> solute. fasilitated diffusion > , Osmosis —> high tw—> tow Yw hetive Transport => with use A of ATP. i; Primary —> direct ATP. € ii, Secondary—> gndivect ATF. ii, Carrier mediated Yoweon—high piote in. Endocytosis > cell membrane invagination. i, Phagocytosis —» eating of Solid for particles» cell eating. thy Pinocytosis —> drinkang of liquid form —> cell drinking. Exocytosis > secretion . (PICU) ovganell jar cellufa SeCveuon 4 Golgi Apparatus. Sg —at_whuch _cansrola membrane fut ond pow a mechanical Support. — -—— tp cholesterol. _sephayphel nr _ rs Ss AS —_~on_exterior in _CUtoy lam channel caarties Pant. f medialed me diated —~ Phe YE»Pon se Yaporre po 4 uu _,—___ | BE tL th — ~—Ahey act _ar_yeceptors. ey act os tran, they p ——hey__act ou _treansportey, — ~ —*_Which _cerbohydyater Ye i hrhydye aye [ Ps ~iR._plerma Cema. = — - 0 Menosacchorcdes B) ob on 5 _— —_ ~ 0) Polysaccharides J all of shese hese. -__v_Conbohydyaten Coligqosaccharider) aye usually in ~——Oulet tide of plasenc membrane. | ~—vthey dont evant iy, —fiee_fotrn, : =o v they will bind eithey wi proteins, af oc or they will __form _Olycoproteinn. si v vat catbahydiaten ore bined Lipids : L an Glycolipid, _= there _Glycolipid _omd Glycoprotein». an wat dhe __eutyacellular sane. “Gg anv: Ne Ghucchs nd ickeiny ave _collectivel __gailled cn lycocaiyx (cell markers , postal acevers) — : i din cel signalling cin ___ ___ceil_vecognition. _for__evample —» HIV. wD attached __receptor site vohiich— wv Caycoprten, Vv _Mydioploic_heads are ___clirected “outward of __ dhe _plaama membrane. => Pela ___________— __v_Hycltophvobic_douls _ave__directed toward She __conter_of —_planma_memiovane. => Non-polat = cell _vamekna, exocybosis. 7 Te Sn evnybat col membtant.s has ee = Sterol are __rat__prereint in. _barcterial_cel|_membyane.. FEATURES — ANIMAL CEbd, | PLANT_CELL. SLL LL —Plantids 7 ‘lt inf wv. = Alyouysomnes X Janimal cella. v Centyiolen v x j-mostiy absent. busosomes v _ ‘| in_plant cells. Flagella v A eo Motality | v kK ___t —Pastion of Nucleun | centol | __eripherol. —fasition of vacuole | variableCuing) | _Mostly central jarge) _ foocl Storage Gilyooren, akareh. —Shepe —Sleuble | fined gid) coorelination | chemal,nervoun Only_chemiccal _ —Cyplinais ___}outer_ Jo mward __|_dnwend sto outer. Phagoctosis__ a a ____ SIMILARES > 7 _ Both cells rave is cell membiane_ ee cee _| other orqemelles Oike. AH ——_Mitechondia ii, Ribosonen ti, Gadoplesmic reticulum. __ i, Gaolgi doparadits _v, Cutoskeletors vi, Peyouisornes ~llmembrane Lack steal ___sKetol_present -HyMemane bounded 0X Orgenelles es ee a {WNon-membranows Vo a Sigal, ly, Ribosomes 205+ 051305. 8052605405 OTHERS. _ -isPilli v Ko ‘,flagela_ flagiliin Tubulin ligchtovophyll —_ __ Bacteriochlorpyl ch asbyed, -infood storage. Glycogen __ Glycogen) 5tarch ~¥, Celldivision Binary fision Metosis [Meiosis EXAMPLES Aprokanyotes__ all Eukaryotes | Bacteria, Cyno- _fungl, plentae , bacteria Bluegreen __dnimabia ond _ | digas, protistx. | —tCell_wall mn __prokargetic cell _contcuns | a Pectin chitin © Muench) cellule AS. » not found _in prokaryote cell 7 _1a)_Hitosis _ by Cytoskeleton _« Histone» _@) fll_of ra _#_dp organelle thal __ia_found_n_ fat arlene. _ —and__Eukaryotic. cell. _ _ j wa Mitochondria wae © Kebesornes hd band c Yaa in prokenyotic_ cel _ } Endoplasmic Reticulum : ER) — —J FEATURES | DESCRIPTION ___ | > “evabily unde Ber nope ts ac charg ~=.Continuity __| Nuclear Aembrane to Plasma Membrane “2 Appearance —_|veny widely im_appearance frm cell tb cell T2Cstemae | rubular_or Spherical Membrane %hu2_egteplag, [eo | material end chanel ynaterial ~ 2 Mopphdogical _|i,RER? rough surfaced with _ ribosomes. ~~ forms ii, SER Smoot suface. |i, RER» invalver in protein Sunthenis a | -__|i, SER-» detewify the haat igs. SE ip ~d invotvedd in the __Nemamnission of _metve _ -impulse., Qipid metabolism and _ransport_of i material. | 2¢___pravidle te mechemical 4 support — A Shape of cistemae can be. = “1a Zubular pb» Spherical_«) Camellae @. ull 7 _aAwhich of the following _sepayetes the endoplasmic material from _cytoplaym. “_w_cistae _@)_cisternae_¢) both d_nene _¢_ fibosomeds are allached 4p ee ~_.a_Only RER__Jy_only Nucteay membrane_© both dnone A 7 me _Gaolgi_ Apparatus : lar Apparatus) Dis covered by Grolgi in 1898, » paesent—in__ all__eubatyotes. a _visibjaty =» Stacks of — flallened membrane bound sacs, _ Cisfemae. —trtogi Complen.*> cisternae together sith _ associated i _—_wericles__evhich__ia__a__camplex _system___of _ a interconnected tubules around _the centre! stacks __Funetions => cell secretions, packing ond _fnishing of — product befate. export... Fatmatian of. conjugated molecules Like —— Glycalipida ord _Clxgopratemy,..ii, Modification. , diyLramport —_GbIg i Apparcutan. ne a - = ———Itansport_vesicle— Colebs) _#alycolpdy and Alyceprotens _ forme _1w_tndoplasmic_seticulum @ Gulf _¢<) nbosomes «cd none. _ _a_Demport vesicles fiom SER are fused ak ww Cis face _,b» Trantfuce _) outer convex surface Qa and ¢ _a Deport of vercler_cecuvs by the prowess crocytosis. — x collection ‘and shipping of material wu the fundion of @ Golgi Apparatus. A) fapere (© Endoplasmic yeticulum dy none Spongpng face 8 92 | cay Cis D forming OQ mating a - a PT a, o Golgi ne. fl. ah ___Dyctyosomen and Heit_function — —-4e__foumation _of _cell_wall joel, We : ox Splitting , Soma = body. __ Finst_stucied by De Duve in 1949. —Occurance > ——__Lyosomes aye __moast__abundent_ ——in—eukeatyatic cell (anainky in daimal ceils ——whom _phagecytic _actiwities cue high), =r hysosomes are absent ip —plant cells. —Compasrbon=> - oe ——— Rich in ___acid phosphatases and ——Aeverol__other__hydiolytic eneymes synthesized _ in _RE-R» processed in Grol’ Apparatus. Functions => ———} Authephagy its utolysi3s it, Extrace Mulat_diges dion. “#PAtom Bomb of she Cell > Lysosomes . ‘# Cnarbage center of the ' Cell—+ Lysosomes. \x Disposal bags of the , Cell hysosomes. ASuiddal bagyp—r hysosomes. ‘#& Demolish Sguad-> huyposomes ; | \ —_—. ———hysosomal__Disearer =» Notuye=> Several congenital diseases clue to _acevitnulation ——, of Substance —COMA=> Yoot cause => Mutation —> Subs ——_2eficiency of _ specific. enzymes. _ immediate cause» Np catabolism ano substances get _ Atored in the + cel. ——Lalgrogenesis type ___| ——Tewypsach»s Diseape ——4biente_of _tuyeagenare -Apicl catabalisn enzymes absent = -Enaymne (convert Glywegen—- | Uiprtsciccumulate in cells. df Cipid Glucose), Accumutartion of fon incyease> in brain celle —Lalywogen_in_murcle cells incrtas l_yetarcltion—» death. _, equent cause—y Golfi Apparatur endl - kysosomes both have the_cisternal_membvan® >There ave almost 20 storage lise Ase oY osoynal Aivease but here 2 clisearses are mentivned below. eu Ce there ss oye cential_vacuale.—__ yy, , st, véoiage ond maunteun __ apace potential: _ x vacuole are mostly —abient ua _—teelutetion reaction) Ly presenta ariel and plant cel (ke cy. a a fo | chromatin | Euchomadin Hetefochiome ° = Wu ie Light colour. L, dense | calour. | LUrue chroma. ——L, Condeme tin. chromeauun.- x Information _for_protein ' Synthenis_prercrt ore _ Guchromadin. se ) crete my pO solutions axe present inthe. @ Hoon) water _moleusley _t factory of —a1ganelles AML a ste of reacts Lok Fee Een nO OEE +H 7

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